Mode Of History Research Articles

Denying Sameness, Making Race: Medieval Anti-Judaism

Denying Sameness, Making Race: Medieval Anti-Judaism

Short-Term Combined Forecasting Method of Park Load Based on CEEMD-MLR-LSSVR-SBO

To improve the accuracy of park load forecasting, a combined forecasting method for short-term park load is proposed based on complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition (CEEMD), sample entropy, the satin bower bird optimization algorithm (SBO), and the least squares support vector regression (LSSVR) model. Firstly, aiming at the random fluctuation of park load series, the modes with different characteristic scales are divided into low-frequency and high-frequency according to the calculation of sample entropy, which is based on the decomposition of historical park load data modes by CEEMD. The low-frequency is forecast by multiple linear regression (MLR), and the high-frequency component is the training input of the LSSVR forecasting model. Secondly, the SBO algorithm is adopted to optimize the regularization parameters and the kernel function width of LSSVR. Then, the park load forecasting model of each sequence component is built. The forecast output of each sequence component is superimposed to get the final park load forecast value. Finally, a case study of a park in Liaoning Province has been performed with the results proving that the proposed method significantly outperforms the state-of-art in reducing the difficulty and complexity of forecasting effectively, also eliminating the defect of large reconstruction error greatly through the decomposed original sequence by the ensemble empirical model.

Making a healthy change: a historical analysis of workplace wellbeing

ABSTRACT This paper looks at the precedents of current wellbeing programs, examining three historical modes of workplace wellbeing in order to analyze the way in which employees have become subjects of wellbeing discourse. In doing so, this paper seeks to illustrate the historical trajectory of the management of employee health, exploring both its disjunctures and continuities. It is argued that workplace wellbeing can be characterized in two ways. First, as an intervention into the lives of employees, becoming a means of producing ‘fit for work’ subjects. Second, in terms of the legitimation of this intervention through its discursive positioning as a response to prevalent social concerns. It is noted that, while wellbeing has evolved over time in terms of its rationale and its practices, it has continued to be characterized by these two features.

David Edwards and the Later Stuart Underground Press

Abstract This article investigates the English underground press in the later Stuart period. Following the end of pre-publication licensing in 1695, the ongoing threat of government reprisals meant that controversial political and religious tracts continued to be printed in secret; yet the survival of the underground press into this period has been neglected in recent works of political, religious, social, cultural and literary history. The dominant view, established by some of the most influential book historians of the past century, is that the materials necessary for a study of secret printing do not survive. This article argues otherwise. Through a detailed case-tudy of the career of one such printer, David Edwards, it illustrates how the clandestine activities of a subset of printers helped shape contemporary debate. Combining historical and bibliographical modes of investigation, this article explores the fundamental mechanics of how controversial tracts, written and printed in secret, reached the public. It examines Edwards’s training under the Whig printer Thomas Braddyll, his subsequent links to the exiled Jacobite court, the clandestine techniques he used to disguise his activities, and the authorship of books he printed. These included the use of indentures and tokens to ensure against imposters and tweaking copy texts to mask distinctive stylistic tics. The article concludes by arguing that the vibrant culture of partisan print associated with the later Stuart public sphere was enabled not solely by the demise of pre-publication licensing in 1695, but also by the persistence of the underground press.

Impacts of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on prostate function and cancer.

Because of their historical mode of action, endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are associated with sex-steroid receptors, namely the two estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) and the androgen receptor (AR). Broadly, EDCs can modulate sex-steroid receptor functions. They can also indirectly impact the androgen and estrogen pathways by influencing steroidogenesis, expression of AR or ERs, and their respective activity as transcription factors. Additionally, many of these chemicals have multiple cellular targets other than sex-steroid receptors, which results in a myriad of potential effects in humans. The current article reviews the association between prostate cancer and the endocrine-disrupting functions of four prominent EDC families: bisphenols, phthalates, phytoestrogens, and mycoestrogens. Results from both in vitro and in vivo models are included and discussed to better assess the molecular mechanisms by which EDCs can modify prostate biology. To overcome the heterogeneity of results published, we established common guidelines to properly study EDCs in the context of endocrine diseases. Firstly, the expression of sex-steroid receptors in the models used must be determined before testing. Then, in parallel to EDCs, pharmacological compounds acting as positive (agonists) and negative controls (antagonists) have to be employed. Finally, EDCs need to be used in a precise range of concentrations to modulate sex-steroid receptors and avoid off-target effects. By adequately integrating molecular endocrinology aspects in EDC studies and identifying their underlying molecular mechanisms, we will truly understand their impact on prostate cancer and distinguish those that favor the progression of the disease from those that slow down tumor development.

Weighted Conditional Discriminant Analysis for Unseen Operating Modes Fault Diagnosis in Chemical Processes

One challenge faced by data-driven fault diagnosis methods is that they may perform well over the operating modes where the historical data are collected, but fail to generalize to unseen modes that have never appeared before. That is one of the root causes that have prevented many advanced fault diagnosis methods from being widely accepted by the chemical industry. Consequently, it is significant to develop a novel fault diagnosis method, which can build a model to determine the type of faults occurred on unseen modes. On the other hand, one chemical process generally experiences multiple operating modes, from which common knowledge of these modes can be extracted and be applied to an unseen mode. To this end, a novel weighted conditional discriminant analysis (WCDA) algorithm is proposed by adopting the context of domain generalization (DG) approaches to leverage and distill the knowledge from historical modes for unseen modes of fault diagnosis. Specifically, a novel variable weighting scheme is developed based on the Kullback–Leibler divergence between features of different modes. Then, a fault diagnosis model is constructed by learning a classifier and invariant feature representation simultaneously. Moreover, WCDA is extended to the context of <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">domain adaptation</i> (DA), where the performance of the fault diagnosis model is further improved by leveraging the unlabeled data collected from a new mode. Empirical results on a numerical example, the Tennessee Eastman process, and continuous stirred tank chemical reactor demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.

Two-Dimensional, Two-Layer Quality Regression Model Based Batch Process Monitoring

In this paper, a two-dimensional, two-layer quality regression model is established to monitor multi-phase, multi-mode batch processes. Firstly, aiming at the multi-phase problem and the multi-mode problem simultaneously, the relations among modes and phases are captured through the analysis between process variables and quality variables by establishing a two-dimensional, two-layer regression partial least squares (PLS) model. The two-dimensional regression traces the intra-batch and inter-batch characteristics, while the two-layer structure establishes the relationship between the target process and historical modes and phases. Consequently, online monitoring is carried out for multi-phase, multi-mode batch processes based on quality prediction. In addition, the online quality prediction and monitoring results based on the proposed method and those based on the traditional phase mean PLS method are compared to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.

On Pluviality: Reading for Rain in Namwali Serpell’s The Old Drift

Pluviality, a term I have developed in relation to heavy rainfall and flooding – its timescapes and material and textual conditions – is the focus of this analysis of Namwali Serpell’s magisterial 2019 novel, The Old Drift. Located largely in Zambia, it is nevertheless a novel of the Zambezi watershed, and of hydrocolonial and southern African regional proportions. Encompassing both human and non-human narrators and protagonists, its centrepiece is the Kariba Dam, the largest hydro-electrical dam in the world at the time of its construction. This is a very rainy novel, alert to the region’s histories of flooding and to the ever-heavier rainfall of accelerating climate change, in one of the regions of the world most susceptible to its present and coming effects. I focus on the novel’s pluviality as material, historical and narrative mode, traced in its registers of water and wit, prescience and prophecy, as it surges, silts and drifts across the literary landscapes of African fiction.

Contingencies of Violent Radicalization: The Terror Contagion Simulation

This paper builds confidence in the terror contagion hypothesis that violent radicalization leading to predatory mass violence operates as a system. Within this system, the contingent values of key root causes create channels within which violent ideologies and terrorism emerge. We built a system dynamics simulation model capable of replicating historical reference modes and sophisticated enough to test the contingent values of these propositions. Of 16 propositions, we identified six root-cause propositions that must simultaneously exist, act in concert and explain the dynamics of their interaction which generate a terror contagion. Other propositions can strengthen or weaken an existing contagion but not eliminate it. We use an experiment to demonstrate how changing the contingent values of these propositions creates downward channels. This experiment helps reconcile the swarm vs. fishermen debate over the true root causes of violent radicalization. Within these channels, the contingent values can favor swarm or fishermen manifestations. The simulation and experimentation results enable the future development of the terror contagion hypothesis, provide a testing environment for research on violent radicalization, and provide a pathway to policy development in the combating of terrorism that arises from violent radicalization.

Trends in Competition among Digital Platforms for Shared Mobility: Insights from a Worldwide Census and Prospects for Research

Mobility systems in metropolitan areas in both the Global North and the Global South have entered an era of rapid change since the early 2010s under the influence of mobile information and communication technologies (ICTs). Mobile ICT-based shared mobility platforms have been filling some of the gaps in transport supply left by historical modes of transport (i.e., private cars, public transit, and for-hire services). Shared mobility digital platforms are a subcategory of mobility applications that give individual customers direct and full access to one or several shared mobility services. Based on a worldwide systematic census, this paper documents the diversity of services provided by such platforms, then analyzes the trends in geographic distribution and competition among platforms across the world’s metropolises. It proposes a new classification of shared mobility services. Since innovations in shared mobility are also taking a leading place in the Global South, future research avenues in this field are discussed in an effort to break away from the prior focus of the scientific literature on the Global North. The census brings out four original findings. First, the rise of shared mobility digital platforms is a worldwide metropolitan phenomenon transcending the traditional distinction between the Global North and the Global South. Second, emerging countries have become clusters for innovation and competition among platforms. Third, three types of shared mobility digital platforms are identified based on geographic reach (local, regional, or global). Fourth, shared mobility digital platforms providing for-hire services are the most widespread in the world.

Toward a historiography of the lesbian transsexual, or the TERF’s nightmare

This essay asks after the possibility of making the transsexual lesbian signify as a historical mode of sexuality, as a contribution to an anti-TERF method in trans and lesbian studies. What logics of mid twentieth century gender and sexuality are responsible for the opacity of transsexual and transvestite lesbians prior to the 1970s, despite the ample evidence that desire between femmes played a central role in trans social life? To move towards such a historiography and method, the author considers two paradigmatically difficult cases. First, Louise Lawrence, a well-known trans women in the San Francisco Bay Area who transitioned entirely do-it-yourself in 1944, and whose long term relationship with a partner, Gay Elkins, is high opaque in the archival record. Second, the essay considers the compulsory heterosexuality embedded in the medical logic of transsexuality in the 1960s, arguing that the medical ontology of the transsexual vagina was itself dependent upon the avowal of its immediate and exclusive use for penetration by straight men, making transsexual lesbians implausible despite their evident existence.

Quality-Analysis-Based Process Monitoring for Multi-Phase Multi-Mode Batch Processes

In batch processing, not only the characteristics of different phases are different, but also there may be different characteristics between batches. These characteristics of different phases and batches will have different effects on the final product quality. In order to enhance the safety of batch processes, it is necessary to establish an appropriate monitoring system to monitor the production process based on quality-related information. In this work, based on multi-phase and multi-mode quality prediction, a new quality-analysis-based process-monitoring strategy is developed for batch processes. Firstly, the time-slice models are established to determine the critical-to-quality phases. Secondly, a multi-phase residual recursive model is established using each quality residual of the phase mean models. Subsequently, a new process-monitoring strategy based on quality analysis is proposed for a single mode. After that, multi-mode quality analysis is carried out to judge the relevance between the historical modes and the new mode. Further, online quality prediction is achieved applying the selected model based on multi-mode quality analysis, and an according process-monitoring strategy is developed. The simulation results show the availability of this method for multi-phase multi-mode batch processes.

Posibilidad de Lecturas en Tiempos de Tránsito: Perspectiva crítica de la educación matemática en el contexto colombiano

Las reflexiones que integran este artículo pueden entenderse como el intento de revisión y formulación de alternativas analíticas de la perspectiva crítica de la relación educación matemática y democracia que puede formarse, desde la matriz cultural perteneciente a esta región del continente latinoamericano: el contexto Colombiano. El reto asumido, consiste en ser congruente con la resignificación de modos sociales, culturales e históricos de producción de categorías analíticas que ha introducido la visión crítica cultural y política en el campo de la educación matemática. Se trata de ubicar el foco de la crítica en la problematización del control de las globalizaciones sobre el poder formativo de las matemáticas para leerlo como la intensificación de un tipo especial de capital, denominado capital cognitivo, al servicio de la producción de la homogenización. Su presentación inicia con unaubicación del escenario de las perspectivas críticas de la educación matemática en las propuestas europeas y norteamericana, educación matemática crítica y en el giro sociopolítico respectivamente. Enseguida, se describen las visiones críticas de la educación sobre problemáticas en latinoamericana.En tercer lugar, con herramientas procedentes de estudios foucoultianos en educación se analizan los mecanismos de homogenización de apropiación cultural de las matemáticas en el contexto colombiano. Por último, se intenta ratificar el espacio cultural desde el cual formular una posible perspectiva crítica de la educación matemática en relación con la democracia, Diversidad en el contexto colombiano. Con esta postura, se intenta porponer un espacio para construir el sentido de la perspectiva critica en relación con la crisis de educación matemática en nuestra matriz cultural e histórica

Listening Through Language: Jean-Luc Nancy and Pierre Schaeffer

This article addresses the role of auditory-related verbs in the work of Jean-Luc Nancy and Pierre Schaeffer in order to shed light on a broader tendency in French thought. Through a comparative reading of the ways in which Nancy, in Listening, and Schaeffer, in Treatise on Musical Objects, mobilize verbs such as écouter and entendre, I connect the issue of language to debates about descriptive and prescriptive approaches towards listening. Drawing on the Dictionary of Untranslatables, I argue that Nancy's and Schaeffer's engagements with listening can be mapped onto historical modes of framing politics and ethics, which are also characterized by descriptive and prescriptive approaches. By showing how theories of listening connect to political and ethical debates, this study discusses the ideological instrumentalization of listening as opposed to more descriptive and exploratory forms of engagement in the auditory and the faculty of the ear.

Palladium-Catalyzed Annulations of Strained Cyclic Allenes.

We report Pd-catalyzed annulations of in situ generated strained cyclic allenes. This methodology employs aryl halides and cyclic allene precursors as the reaction partners in order to generate fused heterocyclic products. The annulation proceeds via the formation of two new bonds and an sp3 center. Moreover, both diastereo- and enantioselective variants of this methodology are validated, with the latter ultimately enabling the rapid enantioselective synthesis of a complex hexacyclic product. Studies leveraging transition metal catalysis to intercept cyclic allenes represent a departure from the more common, historical modes of cyclic allene trapping that rely on nucleophiles or cycloaddition partners. As such, this study is expected to fuel the development of reactions that strategically merge transition metal catalysis and transient strained intermediate chemistry for the synthesis of complex scaffolds.

Ideology or History as “Idéologie:” C. F Volney and the Uses of the Past in Revolutionary France

The French Revolution had a complex relationship with historical thought. In a significant sense, the politics of 1789 was built upon a rejection of the authority of the past. As old institutions and practices were swept away, many champions of the Revolution attacked conventional historical modes for legitimating authority, seeking to replace them with a politics anchored in notions of reason, natural law and natural rights. Yet history was not so easily purged from politics. In practice, symbols and images borrowed from the past saturated Revolutionary culture. The factional disputes of the 1790s, too, invoked history in a range of ways. The politics of nature itself often relied on a range of historical propositions and, as the Revolution developed, a new battle between “ancients” and ‘moderns’ gradually emerged amongst those seeking to direct the future of France. This article explores these issues by focusing on a series of lectures delivered at the École Normale in the Year III (1795), in the wake of Thermidor and the fall of Robespierre. The lectures, commissioned by the Ministry of Education, were designed to lay out a program for historical pedagogy in the French Republic. Their author, Constantin-Francois Volney (1757–1820), was one of a group of figures who sought, during these years, to stabilise French politics by tying it to the development of a new form of social science—a science that would eventually be labelled “idéologie.” With this in mind, Volney sought to promote historical study as an antidote to the political appropriation of the past, with particular reference to its recent uses in France. In doing so, he also sought to appropriate the past for political purposes. These lectures illustrate a series of tensions in the wider Revolutionary relationship with history, particularly during the Thermidorian moment. They also, however, reflect ongoing ambiguities in the social role of the discipline and the self-understanding of its practitioners.

Neutralizing the Surveillant Gaze: Parades of the Filmic Body

In this paper, I argue that the figures of invisibility in cinema (vanishing characters, blurred or fleeting figures) invent or reinvestigate historic modes of resistance to surveillance and identification techniques. The art of being unseen appears in many early films, in which characters fool the scrutinizing gaze of policemen. I argue that early cinema plays a key role in the depiction of the powers and limitations of surveillance. Indeed, whereas cinema has been largely celebrated through the triumph of vision, this paper provides counterpoints to this theory by identifying, comparing and classifying the limits of identification that have been (re)invented through the history of film.

History in Person: A Longitudinal Study of a Language Learner’s Experience at Home and Abroad

Abstract This study explores the longitudinal pathway of social identification traveled by a US learner of Chinese, Tom. Focusing on the historical production of persons, I analyze interactional recordings, instructional artifacts, and participant interviews collected over three years of qualitative inquiry. The analysis articulates how Tom’s narrative of intercultural encounters was reframed, rekeyed, and recycled at home and abroad. Along the way, Tom was identified as (i) an avid learner of Chinese in a language classroom in the USA; (ii) an ignorant foreigner while studying in China; and (iii) a political outcast upon his return to the USA whose intercultural experience abroad, nevertheless, afforded his classmates an opportunity to appreciate a more ethno-relative perspective. The consonance and dissonance of identification are results of interplay between history in person and history in institutionalized struggles. This interplay must be considered to understand the (re)making of language-learning identities across historical time, social space, and communicative modes. The findings illustrate how history, social identification, and engagement in intercultural communication mutually inform each other in and beyond transnational mobility.

Untraining the Bauhaus

Discussing the artistic-research project ‘Jakob K./The New Man', we propose a set of contemporary techno-speculative training practices that challenge historic discourses on body optimization. Created by a collective of performance artists and architectural researchers, the project reconstructs the work of fictional Bauhaus choreographer and gymnastics teacher Jakob Klenke, thus proposing an alternative method of performance historiography. Involving field work, site-specific re-enactment, 3D-scanning, animation and digital fabrication, it culminated in a series of live performances at Kampnagel (Hamburg) and during the 2019 ‘Bauhaus100’ centennial. The text takes the form of an experimental flow-chart manifesto that combines images and descriptions of various elements of the research and performance, such as the speculative training equipment cross-contaminating Breuer's bent-tube furniture with open-ended fitness apparatuses; Klenke's eco-feminist gymnastics classes; or the interpolated reconstruction of Jakob's trans-identity through photogrammetric scanning, scripting and projection. Throughout the text, our methodological proposition unfolds: whilst acknowledging the normalizing effects of training cultures, the reconstruction of Klenke's practice regards training equipment, exercises and the methodologies of their reconstruction as generative and indeterminate. With and against modernist fantasies of formalizing and aligning bodies via training and technology, it imagines a retro-futurist training utopia that allows for the formulation of heterogeneous techno-social practices shaping disobedient (post-)human bodies. Training here carries the potential to create a post-anthropocentric, expanded perceptual sympathy within more-than-human assemblages, enriched with technological agents that can unsettle our habituated perceptions. To train is to repeat and hence is a historiographical practice: by inserting ourselves into a history of fabricated bodies we have the potential to fabricate them differently, untraining dominant historiographical narratives and dominant techniques of power simultaneously. This is what the fictional choreographer Klenke can do: He is a subversion of historical and contemporary modes of entraining subjectivity, a subversion from within-an affordance to repeat differently.

HISTORICAL ACTION METHOD AND MODERN PROCESSES OF JAPAN ANCIENT CITIES REVITALIZATION (ON THE cities HAGI, Onomichi AND Ōmihachiman EXAMPLE)

The article considers modern processes and creative strategies of revitalization of ancient cities of Japan: Hagi, Onomichi and Omi Khvchiman. These examples reveal a direct relationship between the historical model of governance and the modern driving force of revitalization of each of the cities, which suggests the existence of the phenomenon of their sustainable historical mode of action, which persists today