Historical Environment Research Articles

Building Design in Historical Environment-Periodical Study-Haydarpaşa / Seli̇mi̇ye

Turkey's geography is rich in cultural diversity. The existing diversity is reflected in all areas of life. Among these areas, architecture cannot be ignored both in terms of scale and building stock. In this context, architecture is in constant relationship with cultural heritage. In a professional sense, it is inevitable to produce new buildings in the historical environment and to know how the cultural heritage will form an input to the design. For this reason, studio studies, which are the basis of architectural education, constitute the most important process. In this context, within the scope of the studio 5 course of the 2023-24 fall semester of the Department of Architecture of Yeni Yüzyıl University, “experimental design of a faculty of architecture between 8000-10000m2” was carried out in Haydarpaşa-Selimiye with the participation of 10 students. Haydarpaşa-Selimiye neighborhood is very rich in terms of many types of buildings built in the 19th and 20th centuries of the Ottoman Empire. The aim of this study was to enable the participating students to develop design approaches sensitive to the historical environment. In the first stage; the area determined as the study area was examined and design problems were aimed to be revealed, and the projects created in this direction were questioned by supporting the determined design criteria and environmental analyzes. In the second stage, design approaches were shaped in line with the environmental analysis and the concept, and periodicalstudy examples emerged. Existing texture-historic environment unity, historical environment-new building design approaches were the achievements obtained at the end of the semester. In the conclusion section; in line with the approaches developed by the students, the evaluation of historical environment data and new building design approaches were evaluated, and the importance of new building designs in the historical environment in architectural education was emphasized.

Leading Through Noise: Operating Room Noise Challenges for Staff and Leadership Techniques to Ensure Optimal Operational Performance.

Noise and distractions in the operating room (OR) critically impact surgical performance and patient outcomes, particularly in high-stakes environments such as trauma surgery. While historical hospital environments prioritized quiet to facilitate recovery and reduce stress, contemporary ORs, especially those handling trauma cases, face increasing noise challenges due to advanced surgical instruments, alarms, and staff conversations, often surpassing federal exposure limits. This review investigates OR noise sources, including staff activities and equipment, analyzing their effects on cognitive load, communication, and error rates among healthcare workers. It identifies high-risk scenarios and vulnerable groups, highlighting the necessity for targeted interventions. Key strategies include implementing strict noise control policies, using noise-reducing materials in OR design, and educating staff on noise impacts. Additionally, structured communication protocols and continuous monitoring systems are advocated to enhance operational efficiency and safety. Surgeon leadership is pivotal in balancing assertiveness and empathy to maintain a productive team dynamic. Furthermore, surgeons significantly boost OR efficiency and safety by adopting these protocols, promoting inclusive team dynamics, and applying noise-reduction strategies. These practices safeguard patient care and foster a more collaborative work atmosphere, aligning all team efforts toward optimal patient outcomes. This holistic approach emphasizes the need for continuous improvement and adaptability in surgical practices to meet modern healthcare demands, particularly in trauma surgery's fast-paced, unpredictable realm. Collectively, these measures can enhance patient safety and improve conditions for surgical teams, providing a framework for quieter, more focused OR environments that ultimately elevate surgical outcomes and healthcare quality.

‘찾아가는 평생교육’ 정책의 동형화와 탈동형화 현상 분석: ‘D자치구’ 사례를 중심으로

Objectives The purpose of this study is to reveal how the ‘visiting lifelong education’ policy is accepted, settled, and changed and developed in the region from the perspective of the isomorphism theory of sociological institutionalism. Methods To this end, the case of D Autonomous District, which introduced the nation's first “visiting lifelong education” policy in 2009, was selected, focusing on the “visiting lifelong education” policy adopted and promoted by most lifelong learning cities as a major policy, and the phenomenon of isomorphism and decoupling of policies was analyzed. As a research method, in-depth interviews (FGI) were conducted with public officials and lifelong educators who worked from the introduction of the ‘D Autonomous Region’ policy until recently, and internal and external policy data were collected and analyzed to understand policy performance and changes. Results As a result of the analysis, the ‘visiting lifelong education’ policy of ‘D Autonomous Region’ was forced isomorphism according to institutional pressure and resource dependence pursued by the lifelong learning city policy to realize a learning society, and imitative isomorphism occurred while benchmarking Japan's lifelong learning city case. In addition, within the organization in charge of policy projects, a normative isomorphism pattern was also found through networking between lifelong educators and external experts. On the other hand, as policies were stabilized and systematized, decoupling phenomena such as compromise on the imbalance between supply and demand, strategic avoidance to maintain the current system and operation method, and refusal to demand social change appeared. Conclusions Through the isomorphism theory, this study was able to find out how lifelong education policies are accepted, changed, developed, and stagnated in the region in social, institutional, and organizational interactions. In the process of policy implementation, strategically selected isomorphism and decoupling strategies according to internal and external influencing factors create new policy practices and lead to policy regression and stagnation. Therefore, strategic policy choices and changes that respond quickly to changes in the historical and social environment are necessary to ensure flexible policy operation and sustainability in response to the demands of the new era.

Conceptual Scenarios of Architectural Adaptation of Novosibirsk Power Plant

This year marks the 100th anniversary of the foundation of the First Large Power Plant in Novosibirsk, a significant industrial building. Today, Novosibirsk is facing the problem of losing its integral cultural and historical environment due to the large number of unused dilapidated historical and architectural monuments. In order to prevent this trend and save the architectural heritage, it is necessary to develop modern strategies for reuse of these buildings.In this study, conceptual scenarios of architectural adaptation of M. I. Kalinin power plant, the object of cultural heritage of regional significance, are put forward through the methods of contextual, retrospective, ideographic analysis. These design solutions are classified by the original image of the building, focused on the transformation of the former industrial building in order to reveal the socio-historical side of the power plant as a symbol of the dynamic rise of the economy and energy industry in Novosibirsk.As a result, among the scenarios developed for the main building of the city's first major power plant, the most appropriate one is chosen in the context of the historical development of Novosibirsk.The conceptual principle of Nuanced combination with the historical context is the most effective among the described scenarios, assuming preservation of the general architectural image of the historical monument with reversible changes in the architectural solutions of the building.

Cultural Sustainability in the Historic Environment: An Application of Structural Functionalism Theory

ABSTRACT Approaches to cultural sustainability in the historic environment aims to recognise and leverage their inherent cultural potential. Historic areas have been the focus of increased attention due to their significant cultural capacity compared to other urban areas. This study aims to develop a conceptual model for cultural sustainability in historic environments, using Structural Functionalism Theory as its analytical framework. Cultural sustainability is conceptualised as a comprehensive construct, with its components drawn from various charters, declarations, and international protocols related to the preservation of historic sites, established by organisations like the Organisation of World Heritage Cities, UNESCO, and ICOMOS since the 1990s. Some components have also been chosen based on prior research. Through documentary research and literature reviews, the functions of each component are aligned with Structural Functionalism Theory. The research results offer a detailed analysis of the cultural sustainability system. In this framework, symbolic capital, cultural neighbourhoods, authenticity, and value serve the functions of adaptation, goal attainment, integrity, and latent pattern maintenance, respectively. This analysis follows the principles of the Structural Functionalism Theory by examining the distinct functions and roles of these components at the secondary level. The historic environment of Dardasht provides a practical example where the model has been applied.

Selecting sites and telling stories: fieldwork practice and emerging narratives for the archaeology of HS2 Phase One

The interpretation of our investigations into the past, which can explore the chronological development of a site, the activities of its inhabitants or the environment in which they lived, culminate in the formation of archaeological narratives. These may take the form of a discussion in an archaeological report, a conference presentation or a story in the media. The narratives we develop as a result of archaeological fieldwork are directly influenced by the methodologies we employ. On a large-scale project such as HS2 Phase One, those methodologies can include a variety of survey and sampling strategies, culminating in the selection of specific locations for further investigation. The methodology and decision-making process has been influenced by the Specific Objectives as set out in the Historic Environment Research and Delivery Strategy (HERDS). The narratives produced will be generated for both academic historic environment audiences and the wider public, including local communities and school children. This paper will examine the types of narratives and stories that are produced for different audiences and consider which themes are chosen and the extent to which those are influenced by the research questions we have set out.

Place and Memory in Commemorating Remembrance of George Town UNESCO World Heritage Site

This paper seeks to delve into the dynamic interplay between place and memory at the George Town UNESCO World Heritage Site, with a focus on how its physical monuments serve as vessels for collective memory and narrators of the city's history. This study engages with theoretical perspectives of memory and place to analyze commemorative processes and evaluates their role in maintaining cultural continuity and identity. The study conducted semi-structured interviews and distribute surveys among a carefully selected cross-section of George Town's populace, thus ensuring a representative narrative mosaic. The inquiry will include an assessment of the site and exploring its significance in the community's social fabric. The study recognizes the complexity of interpreting memories within ever-changing urban landscapes and addresses potential biases. Childhood memories, especially when structures remain, shape a person's image of a place. Their tales demonstrate their love for it. The length of a person's relationship with a place most affects their opinion. Long-term residents like it more. Place and memory are vital to commemorating George Town, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This relationship must frequently be adapted to urban life. The city acknowledges memory interpretation, resolves prejudices about memorial traditions, and embraces inclusive narratives to preserve cultural memory for future generations. The outcomes will offer new insights into conservation strategies and enrich our understanding of historical urban environments.

Neighborhood Effects of Blue Space in Historical Environments on the Mental Health of Older Adults: A Case Study of the Ancient City of Suzhou, China

Neighborhood Effects of Blue Space in Historical Environments on the Mental Health of Older Adults: A Case Study of the Ancient City of Suzhou, China

Subjectivity in Women's Writing in the Cyber Age

Women's creativity has undergone a long and difficult development. The emergence of the intangible cultural heritage "Jiangyong Nvshu" gave women an exclusive language to express their life experiences, but in the feudal historical environment, women's self-consciousness was limited, not deep or firm enough,and they could not really fight against the structure, and the subjectivity of women's calligraphy was only a restricted narrative of suffering. With socio-economic development and the rise of Internet platforms, patriarchy and male power can no longer force women to be silent, and the situation of female creators has improved. The Internet is not only a platform for amplifying women's voices, but also a field for women and their creations to be discussed and interpreted again. The era of blogging is not only a time for women to bravely break into the public sphere to write about their subjectivity, but also a time when they may be pressurized and even violated by the words of the other on the Internet. Through the qualitative research methods of purposive sampling and semi-structured in-depth interviews, this paper investigates the personal experiences of four female Internet users to understand their feelings about contemporary female creators, and analyzes their interpretations of the public opinion environment in which female creators find themselves, taking Jia Ling's personal experience and the heated debates her work Yolo as an example on the Internet.The four interviewees are student MengQianye ,editor WangYanshi, operator Pangding and YouTuber HeNan.This paper explores the limitations and possibilities of female creators' writing subjectivity in the cyber era from public figures to the creators around them, and from the experience of the creative subject to the perception of the other, from multiple levels and perspectives.

Natural contra human sciences: the conflict between nomothetic and idiographic sciences, with special reference to S. J. Boëthius

ABSTRACT This article tackles issues central to most academic disciplines, including scientific boundary demarcation, the battle of the faculties, the theory of science, and the conflict between nomothetic and idiographic methodologies, that is, between the two main approaches to science. It does so through discovering and rethinking a Methodenstreit in Swedish political science, an academic dispute involving Professor Rudolf Kjellén, the father of geopolitics, and his greatest rival, Professor S. J. Boëthius. Shortly after retiring from the Johan Skytte Professorship at Uppsala University, S. J. Boëthius published a great but inaccessible work on state theory and its history entitled Om statslivet (On the life of the state, 1916). The book critiques the positivistic and nomothetic (law-searching) approaches of the burgeoning social sciences, which were emancipating themselves from their father, history, and becoming independent disciplines. Boëthius critiqued the nomothetic studies of history, economics, statistics, sociology, and geopolitics for overemphasizing the significance of historical, economic, statistical, sociological, and geographical environments and structures. Thus, the exponents of these new or changing disciplines were criticized for neglecting the most important driving force of human affairs in Boëthius’s mind, namely, the power of personality and individual free will.

‘Taking time’: Using Archaeology to Develop Policies Around the Mental and Physical Health of Older People in Custody

ABSTRACT PAMHOP (The Physical And Mental Health of Older Prisoners) is an inter- and transdisciplinary project funded by the UK’s National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR). The project has two principal aims: to better understand the physical and common mental health needs of older people within the criminal justice system; and to assess the implementation of some novel tailored interventions that might benefit this community and shape policy, thus reducing costs for the UK’s National Health Service (NHS). One intervention was a historic environment project that involved map-based landscape regression, and historic building recording work. This paper describes this intervention and assesses its impacts, including those related to policy.

The Guidance of Public Value in China’s Historic Environment: Research on Regeneration Strategies Using Taiyuan’s Bell Tower Street as an Example

When profit-driven renewal is difficult to implement, many historic districts in China become “frozen” under protection. In the recent social context of “building cities for the people”, public value-oriented renewal of urban historic areas has become crucial in city transformation. This study investigates strategies for historic district regeneration in China by integrating spatial form, urban governance, and public value. We propose a novel framework to analyze the regeneration of historic districts, using Taiyuan’s Bell Tower Street as a case study. The framework distinguishes between two dimensions: spatial and economic–social. In the spatial dimension, we focus on the transformation of spatial form to regenerate public value, emphasizing the attribute of “publicness” as central to urban regeneration efforts. This involves a tiered approach to excavating and upgrading historic districts at macro, meso, and micro levels. The economic–social dimension explores urban governance to enhance public value through collaboration between government, market, and societal actors. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, including document reviews, interviews, field observations, and statistical data analysis. The analysis highlights that a public value-oriented approach to heritage regeneration can balance historical preservation with contemporary urban needs, offering a sustainable model for other cities.

Features of the Architecture of Modern Residential Buildings in the City of Vladimir

For the first time, an analytical review of examples of the inclusion of new residential buildings in different time periods from the 1930s to the first quarter of the XXI century in the development of the city of Vladimir is given. One of the most important tasks of modern architecture is to find a practical solution to the theoretical problem of the interaction of tradition and innovation. The study of this problem on the example of historical cities in Russia occupies a special place in the theory of architecture, since a valuable historical and architectural environment needs a delicate approach when integrating new objects into it. The valuable historical buildings of the city of Vladimir mostly consist of stone houses built in the classicism style of the XVIII–XIX centuries, which formed the image of the historical center. However, not only the conscious appeal of architects to historical examples of local architecture served to reflect classicism in the appearance of buildings of subsequent eras, but also political and socio-economic aspects. The peculiarities of environmental adaptation techniques used in the construction of residential buildings by Soviet and Russian architects are noted.

Research on the Composition and Socialvalue of Gongs and Drums in Huaihe River Basin of Anhui Province

The traditional Chinese folk instrumental music, gongs and drums, once flourished in southern China. The gongs and drums of Huaihe River basin in Anhui province were mainly distributed in Chizhou generation. The art of folk music originates from the life of the people. Relying on the unique historical, geographical and cultural environment, it presents a unique musical style to the audience. As an expression of ancient Chinese classical melody, it has continuously enriched and absorbed many excellent local culture and civilization achievements with the passage of time, and has exerted a profound influence on promoting the progress of Chinese traditional culture. Therefore, an in-depth exploration of its roots can enable us to more comprehensively understand and grasp the essence of this Great China culture with a long history of inheritance.

Learning Indonesian History of the Colonial Period: An Ecopedagogical Perspective

This article aims to analyze and describe the implementation of ecopedagogic-based history learning in the Colonial Indonesian History course. This research uses this qualitative research method, and the data analysis model used is an interactive analysis model. Starting from the stages of data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion and verification. The results showed that the history learning process carried out in sixteen face-to-face meetings had been carried out by integrating elements or main pillars in ecopedagogic-based learning, namely historical environmental literacy, cultural literacy, and utilization. This research is relevant to Bloom's competency domain, namely the competency domain of knowledge, attitudes, and skills. Previous research related to ecopedagogy only focused on the natural environment and its relevance to biology and social studies learning. Meanwhile, this research focuses on historical environments such as forts, museums, and monuments and their relevance to learning history. Ecopedagogic-based history learning is one of the solutions to monotonous history learning and is associated with the negative connotation that history learning is a boring memorization lesson.

Archaeology of Historic Football Grounds: A Case Study of the 19 May Stadium in Turkey

In Turkey, being young and healthy was idealized as the politics of the state that had successfully ruptured the link with the Ottoman Empire, thereby making sport a significant component of culture and modern life in Turkey. One of the most important football grounds was the 19 May Stadium, which was the first football ground in Turkey and reflected the political and sports culture of the time. Yet, 19 May Stadium is not perceived to be part of the country’s heritage equation; it has meaning for individuals of all ages, and it contributes significantly to the overall quality of life. Accordingly, this study makes an archaeological examination of 19 May Stadium as a form of material culture. It examines the evolving field of community archaeology projects and how they contribute to the importance of place, memory, and meaning in the historical context of the site, thereby making them more visible on the historical environment agenda in Turkey.

Irkutsk regionalism as a trend of Soviet modernism

The article investigates the monuments of Irkutsk Soviet modernism and early postmodernism in order to reveal their identity and peculiarities, to determine the significance of these structures for the specific urban environment of the Eastern Siberian capital, as well as for the history of modern architecture as a research discipline. The research involved a review of bibliographic sources, a full-scale survey of objects belonging to the mentioned periods, and in-person interviews with the architects of the buildings under study and other Irkutsk citizens. Along with attracting interest to the urgent problems of cultural significance, objective assessment, and modern appearance of the heritage of the second half of the 20th century, the authors clarified the chronological framework of the main stages in the development of the modern city and provided a scientific definition of the Irkutsk regionalism term. As a result, it was established that the response to the challenges of the late Soviet years became a recognizable architectural segment, which, although rapturing the fabric of historical urban environment, reassembles it for functional aspiration for the future. The Irkutsk architecture, having an industrial beginning, has nevertheless remained authorial, and even uncompromising in the doctrines of Vladimir A. Pavlov and his followers, who supported his initiatives in the following era of postmodernism.

Folklore Texts in the Context of Historical and Cultural Environment: Neurobiological Influence

The article clarifies the basic definitions of current folklore science, defines the range of terminological borrowings from the conceptosphere "postmodernism". The article considers the term post-folklore as having a neurobiological influence, since reading works of post-folklore is a complex neurophysiological process during which the brain scans and decodes symbols and their combinations connected by phonetic, semantic and syntactic rules, discovering the meaning encoded in them, including modern urban folklore and a fundamentally new type of folk art - Internet folklore (netlore). The possibility to describe folklore phenomena in terms of post-, analogy with postmodern phenomena, has certain grounds. Thus, the postmodern exaltation of the reader, which destroys the precedence of meaning and constitutes the latter in the process of reading, finds correspondence in the multivariantism of folklore. Since postmodernism and post-folklore are united by chronological frameworks, we consider literary and folklore texts in the context of historical and cultural environment in which they appeared, we find their neuroinfluence on the personality. The analysis of the postmodern discourse shows that an important principle of its principle is the neuroinfluence in acquaintance with the works of folklore, the interactive code. New forms of disseminating and receiving information in today's society determine new forms of its non-specialized - folklore - translation.

‘But there’s no history here!’: children, heritage education, and the BBC Broadcasts for Schools, 1924–45

Abstract The BBC offered broadcasts for schools almost from its inception; a significant strand of this programming focussed on teaching children about the material remains of the past in their own localities. Employing an impressive roster of historians, writers, and educationalists, the BBC experimented with innovative formats to engage children with what we would now call ‘heritage’. In Scotland first, then England and Wales, programmes aimed to construct national identities on the basis of children’s aural encounters with specific historical sites and artefacts. Young listeners were encouraged to become ‘heritage makers’ themselves, investigating their historical environments, collecting local stories, archiving objects, writing guidebooks. While at first, these programmes seem largely concerned with the preservation of historic sites from the encroachment of modernity, gradually the localized remains of the past were used more explicitly as a means of moulding citizenship in the nation’s youth. The Second World War gave this nation-building programming a new urgency, while post-War broadcasts challenged children to use their historical environments as a basis for building better places for the future. Analysing broadcasts from the 1920s to the 1940s, this article shows how this local history, ‘Rural Environment’ and ‘Regional Survey’ school’s programming constitutes an overlooked chapter in the history of the BBC’s attempts to reach and influence new audiences. It argues that these broadcasts pioneered new ways of deploying place-based history to fashion future citizens, anticipating the educative function that has now become an expected part of the heritage provision.

A Comparative Study of Loss and Gain in Three English Translations of the Qurʾānic Arabic Words of l-faḍli الْفَضْلِ)): A Semantic and Cultural Perspective

Anyone knowledgeable about Qur’anic Arabic words in general and the Qurʾānic Arabic words of l-faḍli الْفَضْلِ) in particular, can easily and appropriately deduce that the Holy Qur'an denotes meaning that cannot go along with any level of fulfillment through only one translation. Thus, this paper aimed at identifying the loss and gain in the rendering of the words of l-faḍli الْفَضْلِ in Qurʾānic Arabic through the examination of three translations of the Holy Qur’ān by Muhammad Marmaduke Pickthall (1930), Muhammad Muhsin Khan and Muhammad Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali (1996), and Muhammad Abdel Haleem (2004). A qualitative descriptive paradigm was employed coupled with Baker’s typology of equivalence between Arabic and English. The study showed that in the context of the loss and gain in the translation of the Qurʾānic Arabic l-faḍli الْفَضْلِ into English, the aforementioned translators employed various translation strategies such as balanced translation, explication, free translation, and literal translation. The study found that the Holy Qurʾān in general and the Qurʾānic Arabic l-faḍli الْفَضْلِ in particular inevitably demand to be rendered in a historical and enlightening language environment and linguistic context for efficient communication and understanding.