Historical Context Research Articles

Revolutionization of augmented reality in tourism via deep learning

Tourism has become an integral part of social and economic development across the globe. It does not only serve as a recreational activity but also as a source of revenue for the nation. The paper systematically explores the potential enhancements in the tourist experience through cutting-edge technology. Employing deep learning methods, the study specifically concentrates on refining augmented reality encounters for visitors. The proposed approach utilizes deep learning algorithms to optimize and tailor tourists’ augmented reality experiences, addressing current sectoral challenges like customization and engagement shortcomings. The methodology’s selection is predicated on it is capability to elevate user experience, accurately identify objects, offer visual guided tours, integrate historical context, and ultimately propel augmented reality adoption in tourism. Notably, the investigation culminates in a noteworthy average accuracy of 99% when incorporating deep learning to enhance augmented reality in tourism.

Hamlet and the Saying of What Is Said

Abstract: On the one hand, Hamlet resists a propositional and objectified approach to meaning and draws us toward shared and rooted historical contexts of saying and appearing. On the other hand, the inherent reproducibility of early modern drama frustrates Hamlet's capacity to belong to history in a meaningful way. Historical time in Hamlet is therefore out of joint, and this time is at the root of the play's tragic promise and frustration.

Blockchain for Waste Management in Smart Cities

Abstract: Waste management has long been a concern for societies, with its historical roots tracing back to the prehistoric era. Despite its prevalence, defining what constitutes waste remains a challenge, given its subjective nature. This paper delves into the concept of waste, exploring its historical contexts, sources, and classification. Utilizing a desktop study approach, it synthesizes information from various scholarly sources to shed light on this critical aspect of environmental management. The findings underscore the importance of clear definitions and effective management strategies to mitigate the adverse impacts of waste on public health and the environment.

Advancements in Visual Prosthetics: The Visionary Bionic Model

Abstract: The Visionary Bionic Model represents a paradigm shift in the field of visual prosthetics, offering new hope to individuals afflicted by retinal degenerative diseases. This journal paper provides a comprehensive overview of the foundational framework, operational mechanics, and advancements associated with the Visionary Bionic Model. Beginning with a historical context, the paper traces the evolution of bionic eyes from early conceptualizations to contemporary innovations. It explores the technological underpinnings of the Visionary Bionic Model, including microelectrode arrays, image acquisition systems, and signal processing algorithms. Clinical trials and case studies are examined to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the Visionary Bionic Model in restoring sight to individuals with visual impairments. The paper also discusses challenges and limitations inherent in current bionic vision systems, such ` resolution and compatibility issues, and proposes avenues for future research and development. Ethical considerations surrounding accessibility, affordability, and informed consent are addressed, emphasizing the importance of responsible innovation. Ultimately, the Visionary Bionic Model holds promise as a transformative solution for individuals living with retinal degenerative diseases, offering renewed possibilities for enhanced vision and quality of life.

Preperation of Sambhar Premix

Abstract: A sambhar premix is a convenient blend of dry spices and lentils essential for preparing the popular South Indian dish, sambhar. Comprising roasted and ground ingredients like lentils (toor dal, masoor dal), spices (coriander, cumin, fenugreek, mustard seeds), dried red chilies, and aromatics (turmeric, asafetida, curry leaves); this premix offers a quick solution to recreate the flavorsome and aromatic sambhar. When stored in an airtight container, this premix maintains its freshness, making it a time-saving and versatile addition to various culinary creations. masala development process would highlight the key steps and considerations in creating this traditional South Indian spice blend. It would cover aspects suchas ingredient selection, proportioning, grinding techniques, and the preservation methods employed. Additionally, the abstract might touch upon the cultural significance of masala and its role in enhancing the flavor profile of the iconic dish. This abstract delves into the historical evolution of masala, exploring its traditional ingredients and tracing the development of a premix. The document outlines the meticulous method of preparation for the premix, emphasizing key steps such as ingredient selection, proportioning, and grinding techniques. Additionally, it includes a comprehensive cost analysis of the production process. Proximate testing is employed to evaluate the nutritional composition of the masala, shedding light on itsdietary implications. This abstract aims to provide a holistic overview of the masala development process, combining historical context, preparation methodology, cost considerations, and nutritional insights. This detailed abstract explores the rich history, intricate ingredients, and methodical preparation of masala powder, with a focus on developing a premix. The historical analysis delves into the origins and evolution of the spice blend, highlighting the regional variations and cultural significance associated with its use in South Indian cuisine. The document provides a comprehensive overview of the ingredients, emphasizing the selection of authentic spices crucial to achieving the distinctive flavor profile. The method of preparation for the premix is detailed, encompassing precise measurements, grinding techniques, and the blending process to ensure consistency and optimal flavor infusion. A meticulous cost analysis is presented, covering raw materials, processing expenses,and packaging costs, offering insights into the economic feasibility of producing masala on a larger scale. Furthermore, proximate testing is employed to assess the nutritional composition, detailingthe macronutrient and micronutrient content, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of the spice blend's dietary implications. This abstract aims to serve as a comprehensive reference, encapsulating the historical, culinary, economic, and nutritional dimensions of masala powder and its premix variant.

Civilian Coping Strategies in War

This paper aims to gain further understanding of civilian experiences of war by analyzing a diary written during the siege of Breslau in 1945. This study seeks to address two key issues. Firstly, the current Peace and Conflict Studies literature lacks integration of theories from psychology, which could help gain insights into civilian coping strategies in war. Furthermore, civilian war experiences should be addressed in their historical context. Drawing from Suedfeld et al.’s (1997) adapted Ways of Coping Scale, which derives from Lazarus’ and Folkman’s (1984) theory on psychological stress and coping, a directed, qualitative content analysis explores the coping strategies used by the diarist. The study finds that the diarist mostly employs problem-oriented coping strategies, focusing on altering the threat, consisting of escaping from bombs, analyzing, preparing for, and altering the damage caused by artillery and seeking social support. Emotion-oriented coping, aimed at regulating the emotional response to a threat, mostly shows through denying the threat to maintain sleep and normality, and through distancing oneself from the threat through humor, hope, and a positive attitude. My findings form a base to adapt Suedfeld et al.’s Ways of Coping Scale to better assess civilian coping strategies in war.

WuMKG: a Chinese painting and calligraphy multimodal knowledge graph

Chinese Painting and Calligraphy (ChP&C) holds significant cultural value, representing integral aspects of both Chinese culture and global art. A considerable amount of ChP&C works are dispersed worldwide. With the emergence of digital humanities, a vast collection of cultural artifacts data is now available online. However, the online databases of these artifacts remain decentralized and diverse, posing significant challenges to their effective organization and utilization. Addressing this, our paper focuses on the Wu Men School of Painting and proposes a framework for constructing a multimodal knowledge graph for the ChP&C domain. We construct the domain ontology by analyzing the ChP&C knowledge schema. Then, we acquire knowledge from diverse data sources, including textual and visual information. To enhance data collection around collecting historical context and subject matter, we propose methods for seal extraction and subject extraction specific to ChP&C. We validate the effectiveness of these methods on the constructed dataset. Finally, we construct the Wu Men Multimodal Knowledge Graph (WuMKG) and implement applications such as cross-modal retrieval, knowledge-based question-answering and visualization.

Radical pluralism, high inflation, and trust in historical context: the continued relevance of Fox in understanding UK public sector strikes

PurposeThe paper uses key themes from Fox’s writing to reflect on the wave of public sector industrial action that developed in the UK since the early 2020s: specifically the relevance of (1) radical pluralism, (2) historical context, (3) understanding the effects of high inflation and (4) (a breakdown of) trust relations.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws primarily on evidence from broad public debate but is informed by discussions held with senior union leaders both for a research project and in delivering development training.FindingsRadical pluralism is used as a lens through which to understand declining trust in institutions of pluralist collective industrial relations in the UK public sector, arguing that current developments need to be understood in historical context. An analysis of the industrial action in the early 2020s highlights the ways that a period of high inflation can stress institutions of collective employment regulation, rendering visible the limits of conventional, pluralist industrial relations.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper could be extended by more detailed empirical data collection, both in the UK and other national institutional contexts.Practical implicationsUnions need to more consistently focus on issues of power. A stronger focus on power might identify the limitations of pluralist institutions of collective regulation and embed a commitment to building union influence to challenge those existing structures in favour of mechanisms to build workers' power more broadly.Social implicationsUnderstanding these disputes as, at least in part, being about the limits to and undermining of trust in collective institutions that regulate work and employment allows us to better understand the forces at play and potential outcomes of these disputes.Originality/valueThe paper makes three key contributions: first, applying Fox’s work in a practical way to contemporary UK industrial relations; second, extending his analyses to public sector industrial relations and third, arguing that power needs to be more centrally located within union objectives in order to reshape industrial relations to radical pluralist ends.

Interspecies conflict, precarious reasoning, and the gull problem in the Gulf of Maine.

Contemporary conservation science requires mediating conflicts among nonhuman species, but the grounds for favoring one species over another can be unclear. We examined the premises through which wildlife managers picked sides in an interspecies conflict: seabird conservation in the Gulf of Maine (GOM). Managers in the GOM follow a simple narrative dubbed the gull problem. This narrative assumes Larus gulls are overpopulated and unnatural in the region. In turn, these assumptions make gulls an easy target for culling and lethal control when the birds come into conflict with other seabirds, particularly Sterna terns. Surveying historical, natural historical, and ecological evidence, we found no scientific support for the claim that Larus gulls are overpopulated in the GOM. Claims of overpopulation originated from a historical context in which rising gull populations became a nuisance to humans. Further, we found only limited evidence that anthropogenic subsidies make gulls unnatural in the region, especially when compared with anthropogenic subsidies provided for other seabirds. The risks and consequences of leveraging precarious assumptions include cascading plans to cull additional gull populations, obfuscation of more fundamental environmental threats to seabirds, and the looming paradox of gull conservation-even if one is still inclined to protect terns in the GOM. Our close look at the regional history of a conservation practice thus revealed the importance of not only conservation decisions, but also conservation decision-making.

Sacred Resurgence: Revitalizing Buddhist Temples in Modern China

This paper examines the construction and maintenance of Chinese Han Buddhist temples in modern China against the backdrop of societal transformation. Initially, it analyzes the profound impact of social changes since the mid-19th century on Buddhist monasteries, including political turmoil, economic development, and urbanization. Furthermore, the paper explores how temples were reconstructed and revitalized within this historical context, highlighting the monastic community’s unwavering commitment to protecting the Dharma and ensuring its enduring presence. Additionally, this paper also explores the role of charismatic monks in enhancing the sanctity of temples and the influence of Buddhist institutional frameworks on the dynamics of state and society. The study employs a multifaceted analysis to understand the complex interplay between temple construction, economic development, and the cultural heritage of Buddhism in China.

A prescription model for vapes: the way we 'do' medicines policy in Australia.

On 2 May 2023, the Australian Federal Government announced a suite of reforms aimed at ensuring the effectiveness of the prescription model of regulation of vaping (or e-cigarette) products in Australia. These reforms are intended to protect Australians, particularly young people, from the harms of vaping and nicotine dependence. The ensuing public debate on the issue has often created the impression that the options under consideration are to either retain 'recently introduced' prescription regulation or to 'revert to' a retail supply approach. However, the sale of nicotine vapes by retailers such as tobacconists and convenience stores has never been lawful in Australia. The reforms do not seek to change the way nicotine vaping products are regulated, but rather to ensure that the existing prescription model can be effectively enforced and can function as originally intended. This paper describes the historical context and rationale for strengthening prescription regulation of vapes in this country.

Podcast confessional: Punk and post-punk archiving, history and ‘afterlife’ conversations on the C86 Show

Among the recurrent preoccupations of punk and post-punk is a critical consideration of the individual’s relationship to society. The emergence of podcasts in which hosts and musicians engage in historically contextualized conversations therefore presents an intriguing turn of events that will be of interest to punk and post-punk scholars. This article considers the possibilities of conversational podcasts via a discussion of the C86 Show, a popular UK-based podcast featuring interviews with punk, post-punk and indie musicians of the 1980s. Aided by the empathic interviewing style of its host, David Eastaugh, the show’s long-form, in-depth conversations connect musicians’ experiences and memories to historical contexts associated with the Thatcher era. Engaging two main fields of research – audio studies and punk and post-punk scholarship – I argue that the C86 Show offers listeners a rich window into punk, post-punk and indie during that time. By inviting musicians to reflect on their pasts (and their lives since the 1980s), the show sheds light also on how these musical movements and genres are remembered today. No less important, the show’s online collection of over one thousand interviews represents a significant archiving project that will be of interest to punk and post-punk scholars.

Accommodation and Compromise in the Contact Zone: Christianity and Chinese Culture in Modern Hong Kong Literature

Situated in the unique historical context of Hong Kong—a contact zone between East and West—this study explores how Christianity’s introduction through British colonialism and missionary efforts has intertwined with and influenced Chinese cultural traditions. By examining selected works of Xu Dishan and Chen Zanyi, this study reveals the dynamic negotiations of identity and values between these two cultural and religious traditions. These literary works not only depict the complexities of cultural hybridity but also provide insights into the evolving nature of cultural identity in Hong Kong, illustrating how global religions and local traditions can merge and transform each other. This study contributes to understanding the intricate dance of religious exchange, conflict, and compromise in Hong Kong’s cross-culture setting, suggesting that such literary explorations can bridge Christianity with the socio-economic, cultural, and historical fabric of Chinese society.

Harun Nasution's Theological View

This research delves into Harun Nasution's theological perspectives and the reforms he advocated, particularly within the framework of Rational Islam. It explores the historical context surrounding the concept of destiny, encompassing interpretations from the Jabariyah and Qadariyah theological schools. Employing a descriptive analysis methodology, the study elucidates Nasution's rational and scientific theological framework, emphasizing the pivotal role of reason in human actions while maintaining a symbiotic relationship with revelation. Drawing from Nasution's intellectual lineage, notably influenced by the Mu'tazilites and Muhammad Abduh, the research uncovers Nasution's paradigm shift from Traditionalist to Rationalist theology, a significant development in the Indonesian context. Nasution's reforms, detailed within, represent a departure from dogmatic interpretations, advocating instead for a nuanced understanding that reconciles intellect with revelation. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of Nasution's legacy as a modern reformer and offers insights into the evolving landscape of Islamic theology, particularly in Indonesia, by comprehensively examining his theological views and reforms and their implications for the interplay between reason and revelation in Islamic thought.

A Comprehensive Review of Plant-Based Biopolymers as Viscosity-Modifying Admixtures in Cement-Based Materials

As the construction industry is facing the challenge of meeting the ever-increasing demand for environmentally friendly and durable concrete, the role of viscosity-modifying admixtures (VMAs) has become increasingly essential to improve the rheological properties, stability, and mechanical properties of concrete. Additionally, natural polymers are ever evolving, offering multiple opportunities for innovative applications and sustainable solutions. This comprehensive review delves into the historical context and classifications of VMAs, accentuating their impact in enhancing the rheological properties, stability, and mechanical properties of concrete. Emphasis is placed on the environmental impact of synthetic VMAs, promoting the exploration of sustainable alternatives derived from plant-based biopolymers. Indeed, biopolymers, such as cellulose, starch, alginate, pectin, and carrageenan are considered in this paper, focusing on understanding their efficacy in improving concrete properties while enhancing the environmental sustainability within the concrete.

Understanding the role of local stories in living archaeological heritage sites: the case of Stratonikeia

ABSTRACT Considering experience and memory as inseparable aspects of any place, understanding place attachment through narrative form may provide insight into more diverse perspectives of the values and motives of stakeholders undertaking the conservation of archaeological sites as heritage sites. This study empirically evaluates the ways in which we may understand local people’s place attachment and how that can affect the interpretation and presentation of archaeological heritage sites. The study aimed to analyse the interaction between local people and visitors through storytelling. The investigation focused on Stratonikeia, an archaeological heritage site in the southwest of Turkey, which has the character of a ‘living archaeological heritage site’ having been continually occupied since the Bronze Age. The research methodology of the study involves three phases: oral history, storytelling, and survey. The study’s results demonstrate how local stories can influence visitors’ understanding of the social aspects of a heritage site, facilitating a deeper and more dynamic understanding of the site as a living entity within its historical and contemporary contexts. Incorporating storytelling as a means of exploring the social dimension of heritage sites offers an alternative perspective that enhances the comprehensive understanding of these sites, supplementing their conventional material-based interpretations and presentations.

Taking Flight Together: Latinx Librarians and Allies Soaring in Academia

In this reflective piece, the author, a Latino librarian with 25 years of experience in academic libraries, explores the challenges and opportunities surrounding diversity and inclusion within the profession. Through personal anecdotes and historical context, the author highlights the persistent underrepresentation of Latinx librarians in academic settings and the growing importance of addressing this disparity, particularly in response to the demographic shifts in the United States. The establishment of the REFORMA Academic Librarians Advancing Service (ALAS) committee emerges as a pivotal initiative aimed at empowering Latinx librarians and better serving Latinx student populations. Drawing inspiration from mentors and predecessors, the author emphasizes the need for proactive measures from library deans and directors to support initiatives like ALAS, promote cultural competency, and foster diversity within their institutions. By fostering inclusivity, representation, cultural competency, and equitable access to knowledge, the profession can evolve to reflect the diversity of the communities it serves.

Power relations in the novel My Name is Alam by Leila S. Chudori

Exploring discursive formations in literary works allows researchers to analyze how language and discourse shape meaning, power dynamics, and cultural ideologies within a specific literary context. Understanding the discursive formations in literary works is crucial for comprehending the historical and social context in which these works were produced. This research aims to describe the forms and representations of power relations in the novel My Name is Alam by Leila S. Chudori. This is qualitative descriptive research where the data is interpreted using the genealogical and archaeological analysis methods promoted by Foucault. This method aims to uncover and understand hidden power dynamics in various aspects of human life. The research results prove that the author's statements were spread across various formations and became material for discussion. Two forms of power relations are being discussed; the first is the New Order government's practice of authoritarian power in its various policies, which limits human rights. Second, there is resistance from marginalized groups, namely political prisoners and their families. This form of resistance is an effort by marginalized groups to fight for equality and justice. The New Order government in Indonesia constructed a discourse to create a simulated space to legitimize its power within national memory politics. This simulated world is a blend of reality and fantasy constantly reproduced. As a result, the actual reality becomes obscured, and the symbols created are perceived as reality.

Multisensuality in the Satirical Prints of the Georgian Era in England

The article discusses the concept of multisensuality in the satirical prints of the Georgian era in England, focusing on how the sensory perception enhances the visual humor. Drawing upon historical and cultural contexts, this study investigates how English caricaturists employed various sensory elements, such as sight, sound, smell, taste and touch to convey satire and provoke emotional responses among viewers. Ten satirical prints by five different authors were chosen for the analysis.

The othering of women in silent film: Cultural, historical, and literary contexts By Barbara TepaLupack, Lanham, MD: Lexington Books. 2024. 344 pp. $120.00 (hardcover)

The othering of women in silent film: Cultural, historical, and literary contexts By Barbara TepaLupack, Lanham, MD: Lexington Books. 2024. 344 pp. $120.00 (hardcover)