Histiocytoid Endothelial Cells Research Articles

Photo gallery. Rare dermatoses. Part I

Orphan dermatoses are caused by both genetic causes and a number of autoimmune, inflammatory and infectious processes in the body. Congenital giant nevus is associated with serious complications: malignant melanoma, CNS lesions (neurocutaneous melanosis). Multiple epidermoid cysts are often a component of Gardner's syndrome. Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia, a vascular tumor formation with proliferation of histiocytoid endothelial cells, with severe lymphocytic and eosinophilic infiltration, recurs in 1/3 of cases. Morbigan's disease is persistent erythema and swelling of the middle third and upper part of the face. Skin mastocytosis in children is prone to spontaneous resolution during puberty. Squamous cell skin cancer accounts for 20% of all skin cancers and has a high risk of recurrence, metastasis, and death. Buschke's scleroderma is a scleroderma-like disease that causes progressive fibrous-mucinous thickening of the skin affecting the neck, shoulders, proximal upper extremities, and face. Fulminant (lightning) acne is a sharply exacerbated form of acne vulgaris, characterized by an acute onset and the appearance of confluent abscesses. Cases of acne fulminans have been observed during treatment with isotretinoin. Norwegian (crustose) scabies is associated with a compromised immune response, which allows the mites to multiply and can number in the millions. Pretibial myxedema (thyroid dermopathy) is a rare extrathyroid manifestation of Graves' disease along with thyrotoxicosis, thyroid hypertrophy, ophthalmopathy, and acropachy. Porokeratosis Mibelli predisposing factors of development are immunosuppressive conditions, malignancy is possible. Osteomas are formations from bone tissue in the dermis or subcutaneous fat as a result of metaplasia of fibroblasts into osteoblasts, or differentiation of primitive mesenchymal cells into osteoblasts and their migration to an ectopic site. Sarcoidosis of the skin is characterized by a variety of clinical forms, rarely observed before 40 years. Xanthomas with histiocytosis X ― a violation of lipid metabolism. The rural type of leishmaniasis (acute necrotizing) has a short incubation period, a significant spread of rashes and healing with the formation of scar tissue. The giant condyloma of BuschkeLevenshtein is characterized by progressive growth, large size and recurrent course, it can transform into squamous cell carcinoma. Degos disease ― malignant atrophic papulosis ― a rare disease caused by blockage of the arteries and veins.

A case of Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia in proximal ascending colon mimicking colon carcinoma

Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) / Epithelioid hemangioma (EH) is a rare lesion commonly located in skin but arising in colon even rarer. It clinically follows a benign course of uncertain pathogenesis characterized histologically by plenty of proliferation of histiocytoid endothelial cells of blood vessels and infiltration by dense eosinophil, lymphocytes and plasma cells. The lesion may recur after excision but there is no report of metastasis. A case of sixty-four years male with severe pain in right iliac fossa with bloody stool had CT scan and noticed ulceration with bleeding sites on colonoscopy. Histopathological examination showed characteristic features of ALHE /EH in common location like skin. The lesion very often mimic as bleeding colonic carcinoma which necessitate colectomy. This is a rare case of ALHE /EH in proximal ascending colon.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(1) 2018 p.158-160

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of upper lip: A rare entity

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is an uncommon vascular neoplasm intermediating hemangioma and angiosarcoma characterized by the proliferation of epithelioid or histiocytoid endothelial cells with vacuolated cytoplasm and occasional eosinophilic spindle cells. Tumors of intermediate behavior may recur locally and metastasize but with less frequency compared to malignant ones. It rarely affects the oral cavity. Literature review shows only a few cases of this entity in the oral mucosa. Due to its rarity, we report a case of EHE on the upper lip.

Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia.

Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE), also named epithelioid hemangioma (EH), is an inflamed vascular tumefaction of uncertain pathogenesis, characterized by proliferation of histiocytoid endothelial cells with prominent lymphocytic and eosinophilic infiltration. Although considered a benign condition, it may recur in up to one-third of cases in the absence of complete surgical excision. The pathogenesis of ALHE/EH is still controversial. However, reaction to trauma and arteriovenous shunting are considered relevant. Histologically, ALHE/EH may be differentiated from other vascular neoplasms by its several unique characteristics including prominent proliferation of plump endothelial cells, and accompanying eosinophilic and lymphocytic inflammation, often with formation of lymphoid follicles. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment and various other treatment strategies have been used with varying results.

Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia with follicular mucinosis

Follicular mucinosis occurring along with angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophils (ALHE) has been described in a 49-year-old male. The patient presented with pruritic hyperpigmented papules and nodules on the vertex and right parietal scalp. There was no any other complaint. Histopathological examination from one of the papule showed prominent blood vessels in the dermis lined by plump histiocytoid endothelial cells that were surrounded by a dense lymphoid infiltrate with numerous eosinophils; these findings are typical of angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia. Features of follicular mucinosis were observed in the same section with 3 hyperplastic follicular infundibula containing pools of mucin in the infundibular epithelium. The concurrent occurrence of these 2 distinct histopathological patterns in the same biopsy specimen has been reported rarely.

Ulcerated Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma of the Right Armpit in Childhood

Epithelioid hemangioendotheliomas are unique vascular tumors characterized by epithelioid or histiocytoid endothelial cells that mainly affect adults. This low-grade malignant vascular tumor was described as a distinctive condition in 1982 by Weiss and Enzinger. Although the tumor is classified in between an angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia and an epithelioid angiosarcoma, it sometimes takes a clinical course resembling that of angiosarcoma. We describe that case of a 12-year-old boy who presented with an approximately 6-month history of a spontaneous chronic lesion in his right armpit and became a painful ulceration in the prior 2-month period. The histopathologic examination revealed small nests and cords of spindling epithelioid endothelial cells, intracytoplasmic lumina containing erythrocytes, pinocytotic vesicles and a necrotic area. Immunohistochemical staining was positive for the endothelial markers CD31, CD34, CK(+), and vim(+). On the basis of these findings the diagnosis of EHE was made. After surgery, pathologic examination revealed metastasis in the lymph nodes. So polychemotherapy was started. As our case report shows, it is possibility that cutaneous ulceration of a malignant tumor such as EHE should be considered, even in children.

Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia That Was Possibly Induced by Vaccination in a Child

Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) is a rare benign vasoproliferative disease of an unknown cause involving the skin or subcutaneous tissue of the head and neck, and particularly around the ear. It predominantly affects Caucasian adults during the third and fourth decades and it very rarely occurs in children. We experienced a case of ALHE in a 2-year-old Korean boy who had a firm, pruritic, skin-colored, subcutaneous nodule on his right upper arm. The histopathological findings were compatible with ALHE and they showed prominent vascular changes with epitheloid or histiocytoid endothelial cells surrounded by inflammatory cells, including a large proportion of eosinophils. This unusual distribution of the lesion and the young age of the patient may be associated with vaccination.

Hémangioendothéliome épithélioïde simulant un anévrisme de l'artère occipitale

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a unique tumor of soft tissues, primarily occurring in adults. It is characterized by the proliferation of epithelioid or histiocytoid endothelial cells. Its clinical course being close to that of hemangioma and conventional angiosarcoma, the term epithelioid hemangioendothelioma was suggested. The authors report the case of 29-year-old women complaining of a right occipital nodule of the scalp, diagnosed later as an epithelioid hemangioendothelioma located in the scalp and appearing like an aneurysm of the occipital artery on clinical examination and on radiological investigations. On first clinical examination this tumor mimicked a sebaceous cyst. However during history taking we noted headaches and palpation revealed a pulsatile mass with a thrill. An aneurysm of the occipital artery was suspected according to ultra-sound and MRI findings. The treatment was a wide and complete excision of the lesion. Finally it was the histological examination which confirmed the diagnosis of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. There was no evidence of local recurrence at the twelve-month follow-up. This case is unusual on the following points: a rare occurrence of this kind of tumors, especially in the scalp region, arterial origin of the tumor, but also the fact that it mimicked an aneurysm of the occipital artery. Epithelioid hemangioendotheliomas belong to the epithelioid vascular tumor spectrum. They have in common the morphologic epithelioid aspect of endothelial tumor cells. Cutaneous involvement is rare and often associated with multi-systemic localizations.

Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with follicular mucinosis

Follicular mucinosis occurring along with angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophils (ALHE) has been described in a 54-year-old female. The patient presented with pruritic erythematous papules on the left frontoparietal scalp. Histopathological examination showed prominent blood vessels in the dermis lined by plump histiocytoid endothelial cells that were surrounded by a dense lymphoid infiltrate with numerous eosinophils; these findings are typical of angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophils. Features of follicular mucinosis were observed in the same section with several hyperplastic follicular infundibula containing pools of mucin in the infundibular epithelium. The concurrent occurrence of these two distinct histopathological patterns in the same biopsy specimen has been described in only three cases to date.

Multiple mucinous and lipomatous variant of eccrine angiomatous hamartoma associated with spindle cell hemangioma: a novel collision tumor?

Eccrine angiomatous hamartoma (EAH) is a rare, benign condition characterized histologically by increased numbers of eccrine elements, as well as numerous capillary channels. In most cases, EAH arises as a single lesion; however, multiple variants have been reported. We report a 35-year-old female patient with multiple, sudoriparous, subcutaneous nodules on the right foot, which showed typical histopathological findings of EAH, and vascular components of the tumor consisted of thin-walled dilated vascular spaces intermixed with spindle cells and some histiocytoid endothelial cells representing spindle cell hemangioma (SCH). To our knowledge, the co-existence of EAH with SCH is a novel finding and not yet described.

A case of childhood epithelioid hemangioendothelioma

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a unique tumor, mainly of adults, which is characterized by epithelioid or histiocytoid endothelial cells. It is a low-grade malignant vascular tumor first described as a distinctive entity in 1982 by Weiss and Enzinger. An 8-year-old girl presented with an approximately 3-year history of an erythematous plaque on the left frontal area of the scalp. The diagnosis of EHE confined to the skin was made by clinicopathologic and radiologic evaluation. To our knowledge, there are only 5 reported cases of EHE with skin involvement, 2 of which showed concomitant systemic involvement, and all occurred in adults. Our case is the fourth reported case of EHE confined to the skin and the first to describe childhood onset of isolated cutaneous EHE. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2000;42:897-9.)

Histiocytoid hemangioma: A disease spectrum: Report of a case with simultaneous cutaneous and bone involvement limited to one extremity

The collective term histiocytoid hemangioma encompasses a spectrum of diseases that share a histologic features characterized by distinctive histiocytoid endothelial cells. Several incompletely defined cutaneous and extracutaneous vascular tumors, including atypical pyogenic granuloma, pseudopyogenic granuloma, papular angioplasia, angiolym-phoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia, Kimura’s disease, and inflammatory arteriovenous hemangioma, have been included in this group. We describe a 31-year-old Mexican-American man with multiple histiocytoid hemangiomas involving skin, subcutaneous tissue, and bone limited to the left arm and hand. Examination of skin and bone lesion biopsy specimens showed a proliferation of histiocytoid endothelial cells with intracyto-plasmic vacuoles and associated vascular lumen formation. Ultrastructural and immuno-peroxidase studies supported endothelial cell differentiation. Radiation therapy resulted in significant clinical improvement. Current concepts regarding the clinical and pathologic features of this disease spectrum also are discussed.

Spindle Cell Hemangioendothelioma Report of Seven Additional Cases of a Recently Described Vascular Neoplasm

Seven cases of spindle cell hemangioendothelioma, a recently described vascular neoplasm, are presented. The lesions were multiple in five of the seven cases and primarily involved the upper extremities, particularly the fingers. On microscopical examination, the tumors were composed of two elements: cavernous spaces and spindled cells. In addition, clusters of histiocytoid endothelial cells, some with intracytoplasmic vacuoles, were present. The clinical behavior is marked by numerous local recurrences and slow but steady progression of the disease.