Hindering Factors Research Articles

Factors affecting African postdoctoral researcher capacity development within ‘learn-by-doing’ international research partnerships: findings from the ‘Partnership for Increasing the Impact of Vector Control (PIIVeC)’

IntroductionThe Partnership to Increase the Impact of Vector Control sought to develop the research and leadership capacity of 10 African postdoctoral vectorborne disease scientists via a ‘learn-by-doing’ approach. We identified...

Analysis of the Application of Character Values in the Learning Process in Grade IV Students of SDN Tiwu

Character education is an effort to balance the widespread effects of globalization. Globalization has reached every segment of society, including elementary school-aged children. There are both positive and negative impacts resulting from the prevalence of globalization. The issue at hand is the negative impact itself, and children are particularly vulnerable to these negative effects, as they are not yet capable of filtering or distinguishing between what is good and what is harmful. The aim of this research is to describe the implementation of three character values through analysis of planning, teaching execution, and learning evaluation. Additionally, the study seeks to identify the supporting and hindering factors in implementing these three character values in the fourth-grade class at SDN Tiwu Asem. This research adopts a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collected through in-depth interviews with informants. Data collection techniques also include field observations and documentation. Data validity is ensured through source triangulation, technique triangulation, and theoretical triangulation. Data analysis is carried out by collecting, reducing, presenting, and drawing conclusions from the data. The research findings indicate that the implementation of character values at SDN Tiwu Asem has been integrated into the teaching process through planning, execution, evaluation, and practical application. Supporting factors include the inclusion of character education in the curriculum and dedicated teachers who drive the implementation of character values. On the other hand, inhibiting factors include a lack of teacher understanding, student behavior, teaching execution, and the underdevelopment of a school culture to support character education.

A Qualitative Study of Stakeholders' Perspectives of Implementing Interprofessional Shared Decision-Making Education in Palliative Care.

Introduction Shared decision-making (SDM) in palliative care is a highly complex process that requires an interdisciplinary team. Interprofessional team members need education on how to facilitate discussion of patient/family wishes at the end of life in hospital settings. So far, interprofessional shared decision-making (IP-SDM) education frameworks have been used to a limited extent in the area of education on palliative care. The aim of this study was to explore policymakers', health professionals', faculty members', and students' perspectives on implementing an IP-SDM educational framework in palliative care to identify aspects that should be prioritized to further develop interprofessional education for SDM in palliative care. Methods We used the qualitative method to capture the micro, meso, and macro factors using Oandasan and Reeves' model for the implementation of IP-SDM education regarding palliative care. Data collection tools included in-depth, face-to-face interviews with individual policymakers and focus group interviews with health professionals, faculty members, and undergraduate health professionals. The interview guide explores the teaching of SDM in palliative care, factors that could facilitate or hinder the implementation of IP-SDM education for health professionsstudents in palliative care, and interventions to facilitate the implementation of this approach. This study was conducted at the Oncology and Palliative Care Department at King Abdulaziz Medical City in the Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs and at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Results The results indicated a high demand for IP-SDM in palliative care. The findings revealed factors that can facilitate or hinder the implementation of IP-SDM education in palliative care for undergraduate health professionsstudents that is going to the local community. Factors include culture, religion, gender, power issues, team hierarchy, and respect among team members. Also, our findings have revealed potential solutions to the hindering factors. Conclusions IP-SDM education in palliative care is a highly relevant topic for improving patient outcomes. However, it might be a complex process to implement, especially given the challenges of palliative care settings. We recommend starting such a course in the early clinical phases of undergraduate health professional education.

Digital Start-Up Ecosystems: A Systematic Literature Review and Model Development for South Africa

Digital start-ups play a crucial role in boosting the economies of many countries through technological innovations. Several studies have been conducted assessing digital start-ups or digital entrepreneurship, mainly from the perspective of the Global North. However, gaps exist in the literature regarding digital ecosystems, especially in the context of developing countries (the Global South), such as South Africa. This study fills this gap by exploring the structure as well as highlighting the hindering factors of the start-up ecosystem in South Africa. In addition, the study explores the influential factors of the digital start-up ecosystem and models that can be used to assess upscaling for the growth of new digital start-up ventures. The study conducted a systematic literature review using the PRISMA framework. The Scopus-indexed database was used to source published peer-reviewed papers on digital ecosystems between 2017 and 2023. Key findings of the study pertaining to South Africa’s start-up ecosystem revealed that the country is producing thriving digital start-ups. The current study also identified several challenges that affect the development of digital start-ups in South Africa. Some of the challenges include regulatory barriers, skills shortages, a lack of funding, and a digital infrastructure gap, among others. Furthermore, work is being conducted by ecosystem stakeholders to address these challenges, with a greater collective and cohesive effort needed to effectively address the hindering factors. The study advocates for intervention as well as policy and practitioner implications that could be utilised by ecosystem stakeholders, particularly entrepreneurs in the digital market. The research findings pertain to the South African start-up ecosystem but have greater appeal and relevancy for many developing start-up ecosystems globally, especially in the Global South.

Re -Assessing the School Factors Hindering the Application of Teacher Leadership in Improving School Performances

The purpose of this study was to re-evaluate the school-related factors that are impeding the application of teacher leadership in an attempt to improve academic rural performance of learners. The study included 8 purposely chosen schools that used a qualitative case study design. In the data collection process, interviews, observations, and various documents were used as instruments. Previous studies on factors, as well as the theoretical frameworks of Distributed leadership theory and symbolic interactionalism theory, were used to compare and contrast the study findings. The findings re- assured that teacher leadership practices even in rural schools compared to urban schools were hindered by the lack of cooperation and collaboration, lack of incentives and recognition and the lack of motivation and support. However, the study finds arising factors such as ; negative attitude, ignorance, lack of self-esteem and self-confidence, time limitation, traditional leadership structure and lack of leadership skills as new hindering factors as contribution to the discourse of teacher leadership.

Assessment of the Number of Phlebotomists in a Newly Established Sample Collection Center.

Phlebotomy, i.e., the collection of blood samples, is one of the most commonly performed procedures in almost all hospital settings.The phlebotomy center is the first point of contact for patient samples with the laboratory services. The patient load visiting the phlebotomy center of a rapidly developing hospital is very variable and unpredictable. This leadsto staffing issues related to a number of phlebotomists. The actual phlebotomy procedure requires only a few minutes, but the total time includes thepatient'sarrival to departure from the phlebotomy center.In this study, we have attempted to assess the adequacy of the number of phlebotomists in our sample collection center and to determine how many patients can be attended to comfortably by each phlebotomist. As the sample load increases, the burden on phlebotomists also increases, and they may or may not express the strain of it. We attempted to determine the cut-off patient numbers above which request for additional personnel has to be put into the hospital administration. This was a prospective, hospital-based, observationalstudycarried out in the outpatientsample collection center section at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Telangana, over a period of one month, i.e., December 2022. The movement of 1200 patients was observed for the phlebotomy procedure. Patient details, the time taken for registration, waiting time, and phlebotomy time were noted, along with the hindering factors in the phlebotomy center. There were 680 males and 520 females. The mean time for patient arrival to departure from the phlebotomy center and the mean waiting time was 9.8 minutes and 6.5 minutes, respectively. Various reasons for increased phlebotomy time were pediatric patients, anxious patients, postprandial sample patients, difficulty in finding veins, etc. Though the estimated capacity of the phlebotomy center is apparently satisfactory with four personnel, many hidden causes for time loss were observed. Conclusion: An adequate number of trained and effective phlebotomists is the first step in ensuring the success of any laboratory service, and while deciding on this "adequatenumber," not only the direct effort, but also the indirect effort, operational needs and emergencies have to be kept in mind. Each phlebotomist in a six-hour shift can comfortably attend 30 to 35 outpatients for phlebotomy. When this number exceeds it, additional staff has to be added. Adopting measures to reduce the waiting time for phlebotomy procedures will improve the phlebotomy center's service. The studyprovides a basis for the modification of a number of phlebotomistsin order to ensure optimal patient service.

Применение ситуации критической самооценки в процессе профессиональной подготовки сотрудников органов внутренних дел, впервые принятых на службу, в качестве участковых уполномоченных

The presented article actualizes the problems of improving the process of professional training of employees of the internal affairs bodies who were first hired as district commissioners. The subject of this study is the analysis of the possibilities of implementing the situation of critical self-assessment in the process of professional training of employees of the internal affairs bodies who were first recruited as district commissioners. The purpose of the study is aimed at identifying problematic factors that hinder the process of further improving the professional training of employees of internal affairs bodies who were first hired as district commissioners, and searching for ways to overcome them using the method of critical self-assessment on the example of the Barnaul Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation. The leading methodological basis of this work was the theory and technology of the motivational program-target approach. The methods used to achieve this goal were methods of analyzing theoretical sources on the studied issues, survey and analysis, and quantitative interpretation of the results of practical activities.
 The respondents in this study were 89 district commissioners who underwent initial professional training at the base (BYU) for six months of 2022. The results of the work. The conducted research made it possible to determine the prevailing intrapersonal, motivational nature of the hindering factors and determined the choice of an adequate tool for overcoming them. Such a tool in this work is the method of creating a situation of critical self-assessment, taking into account the specifics of the category of students and the scope of their activities, which allows for a corrective psychological impact on the individual by referring to the intrapersonal mechanisms of self-management of their behavior. The vast majority of listeners noted that as a result of introspection and subsequent work, they were able to realize the difficulties and determine the further line of their behavior, lower or increase the level of claims, concentrating on the tasks set, and not on past negative experiences. These results allow us to conclude about the effectiveness of the activities carried out. The novelty of the study may lie in the fact that for the first time the situation of critical self-assessment was used as a tool to overcome the motivational problems of professional training of employees of internal affairs bodies who were first recruited as a district commissioner. Conclusions. The preliminary results obtained suggest the conclusion that it is necessary to continue the research that has begun, which implies its further development from the technological and substantive side, as well as the expansion of the composition of groups of employees of internal affairs bodies, taking into account the peculiarities and specifics of service for each of the categories.

The Management of Foreign Language Development in an Islamic Boarding School (Pesantren)

The mastery of foreign languages, especially English and Arabic. is one of the educational goals in most pesantrens in Aceh. This study aimed to find the management of foreign language development along with its supporting and hindering factors in one of pesantrens in Aceh Tengah using a descriptive qualitative approach. The data collection technique applied was interview, and the subjects were the leaders, teachers, and the students. This study delved into the four functions of management: planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling. The result of the investigation showed some plannings of the foreign language development management, i.e., holding a meeting at the beginning of the semester, selecting the language coordinator, and devising methods and techniques language development program. Next, organizing included forming the structure of the dayah organization, students’ organization, and administrator in language department. In addition, actuating in the language development was implemented in direct method and control. Both applied muhadharah (speech), muhadatsah (conversation), mufradat (vocabulary), listening, watching movie, and studying kitab kuning (yellow book). Lastly, controlling was executed by holding the meeting of the staffs’ main task result either at the end of every month or semester. This phase was done by language coordinator through language administrators. Then, the teachers (ustaz and ustazah) controlled by walking around and worked together with the jasusah (secret agent). Furthermore, the supporting factors of language development included the existing facilities and infrastructure, qualified teaching staff, and students’ high learning motivation. While the hindering factors were the lack of teaching staff in English, the lack of motivation from the leaders, and the lack of students’ interest in participating language development process.

Teachers as Researchers: An Emphasis on the Readiness and Attitude towards Action Research

This study explored the readiness and attitude of teachers in conducting action research. Specifically, the study aimed to determine the profile of the teachers, the level of the participants' research readiness, the extent of the participant's attitude toward action research, and the factors that hinder the participants in conducting action research. The study employed a descriptive-correlational research design. Frequency counts, percentages, weighted mean, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson product-moment correlation were used in the study. Results revealed that the participants had a relatively high level of education and experience in teaching, but their research involvement was limited. The participants were motivated to conduct action research, but their research literacy and analysis skills needed improvement. In addition, the study highlighted the need for support from various stakeholders to equip teachers with the necessary knowledge and skills to conduct action research effectively. The hindering factors to conducting action research were overburdened work schedules, lack of fundamental skills, and inadequate training and experience. Several factors, including research outlook, research interest, research benefit, research motivation, research literacy, research support, and research analysis and interpretation, were found to have a strong positive correlation with research readiness. It is recommended that teachers may be provided more training, support, and resources for them to increase their research involvement and strengthen their readiness and positive attitude toward action research.

Understanding career-designing experiences of North Korean immigrant youths in South Korea

AbstractNorth Korean immigrant youth are underrepresented in career development research fields. We explored contextual factors that work as resources or hindrances to obtaining adequate education and exploring career paths in addition to the unfilled psychological needs they want to fill in through securing decent work. By analyzing the interview with 12 participants, we found three domains with 17 categories. The main hindering factors were the difference in language, academic curriculum, and lack of career information. Resources included increased self-understanding, social support, and past work or educational experience. Lastly, psychological needs were the sense of autonomy, economic stability, and social recognition.

Contextual factors influencing implementation of a university-based midwifery education programme in Central Africa: A qualitative study

AimTo investigate contextual factors and their influence on implementing a 90-credit midwifery education programme for nurses at a university in the eastern DRC. BackgroundTo improve maternal and neonatal health, there is a government policy in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) to educate midwives at a higher education level according to international norms. This study investigates contextual factors and their influence on the implementation of a midwifery education programme which is based on national curriculum and has a profile of person-centred care, simulation-based learning pedagogy and information and communication technology. MethodA qualitative study was conducted with data collected through semi-structured interviews with 22 participants who were directly or indirectly involved in establishing the midwifery education programme. Transcribed interviews were analysed using content analysis. ResultsThe factors influencing the implementation of the new midwifery education programme comprise facilitating and hindering factors. Facilitating factors were: (i) awareness that midwives educated at a higher education level can deliver higher-quality health care, (ii) women are motivated to seek care from well-educated midwives, (iii) the planned programme is attractive and (iv) the university has a stable academic administration and established collaborations. Hindering factors were: (i) Students’ lack of prerequisites for study; (ii) objections to educating midwives at a higher education level; (iii) inadequate teaching resources; and (iv) inadequate working conditions for midwives. ConclusionThe facilitating factors strengthen the belief that it is possible to implement this midwifery education programme, while the hindering factors need to be addressed to run the programme successfully. The findings can guide higher education institutions starting similar midwifery education programmes in the DRC and elsewhere, although it is crucial to conduct a context study in those specific contexts.

IMPLEMENTATION OF SCHOOL LITERACY MOVEMENT TO ENHANCE READING INTEREST OF STUDENTS IN SOUTH SUMATRA

This research aimed to evaluate the implementation of the School Literacy Movement (SLM) program, identifying the supporting and hindering factors to enhance the reading interest of students in some Elementary Schools (ES) such as ES of Yayasan IBA in Palembang, Elementary Schools of 01 Indralaya in Ogan Ilir Regency, and Elementary Schools of 3 Kayu Agung in Ogan Komering Ilir Regency. The analysis used a qualitative method with a descriptive and multi-site approach using interview guidelines, questionnaires, and observation sheets as instruments. The results showed that the implementation of the SLM program in ES of 01 Indralaya and ES of 3 Kayu Agung, effectively fostered the reading interest of fourth-grade students according to the indicators published by the Ministry of Education and Culture, including the stages of habituation, development, and learning. The supporting factors of the program that were identified included Libraries, Reading Corners, Bulletin Boards, Reading Gardens and School Literacy Carts, Identity Boards Literacy Trees, Media Utilization, School Gardens, Public Engagement, SLM Team, School Gardens, Training and Study Tours, Reading Materials, and Reading Campaign Posters. Furthermore, the hindering factors were reluctance to study, a lack of reading habits, inability to read proficiently, and insufficient support for library management by qualified librarians.

A cross-national study of internationalisation barriers with reference to SME value chain

Research background: The study responses to the internationalisation issue, one of the essential factors of SMEs growth. Particularly to companies' efforts towards setting international cooperation and circumstances obstructing these struggles. The study takes into consideration that internationalisation in specific areas of company's operations differs noticeably. Similarly, different barriers may arise depending on the areas of the company's value chain that are the focus of the enterprises' internationalisation strategies. Purpose of the article: This study aims to identify barriers to internationalisation regarding various areas of a company's value chain. The study employs the Value Chain Model by Porter. Methods: The field data was collected using a questionnaire survey on a sample of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) located in countries in the Baltic Sea region (Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland). A multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the impact of barriers on internationalisation. Finding & value added: The study indicates three areas that are most often the subject of internationalisation in SMEs: operations, outbound logistics and marketing and sales. Barriers differ between value chain areas; however, cultural differences and competition are perceived as the most important hindering factors by companies experienced in internationalisation. At the same time, barriers regarding knowledge and finance diminish when companies becoming more experienced in internationalisation in particular value chain areas. This study is one of few employing the value chain framework to examine internationalisation.

School-Based Management Perspectives: Exploring Top-down Policy Execution at the Grassroots Level

<p style="text-align:justify">The highlighted local and international perspectives of school-based management (SBM) offer logical findings on its efficacy at the grassroots level. Despite some hindering factors, its impact along leadership and governance, curriculum and learning, accountability and continuous improvement, and resource management are commendable. After methodical scrutiny of data, this paper concludes that the improvements in schools triggered by SBM are responsiveness to the needs and challenges of schools; contextualization of curriculum; improvement of physical facilities and linkages; and stakeholders’ awareness and involvement to school’s programs, projects and activities (PPAs). Principals likewise implemented SBM in their respective schools by holding SBM planning with its stakeholders. In fact, the different programs and projects implemented in schools include SBM crafting and planning; implementation, monitoring, and documentation of student learning activities; and clean-up drive and transparency board installation. Researchers, therefore, recommend that responsiveness of SBM to the needs and challenges of schools; contextualization of curriculum; improvement of physical facilities and linkages; and stakeholders’ awareness and involvement to school PPA be extensively maximized. Eventually, sound partnerships between schools and external stakeholders be cultivated.</p>

Hindering and enabling factors for young employees with common mental disorder to remain at or return to work affected by the Covid-19 pandemic - a qualitative interview study with young employees and managers.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, changes in working life occurred, even in Sweden, where there was no general lockdown. The aim of this study was to examine how the COVID-19 pandemic was perceived as affecting the hindering and enabling factors among young employees with CMD to remain at or return to work, here as investigated from the perspective of young employees and managers. A qualitative design was applied with semistructured interviews with 23 managers and 25 young employees (20-29 years old). The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, and the parts of the interviews related to the aim of this article were analysed using conventional content analysis. The hindering factors were changed working conditions, decreased well-being when spending more time at home, and uncertainty. The enabling factors were decreased demands, increased balance, and well-functioning work processes. For managers it is important to be aware of warning signals indicating blurred boundaries between work and private life, to create and maintain well-functioning communication, and leave room for recovery. The hindering and enabling factors can be described as two sides of the same coin. Changes in the working conditions during the pandemic led to difficulties for both young employees and managers when the margins of maneuver were insufficient.

Hindering and Supporting Factors of Entrepreneurship Implementation for Nurses: A Narrative Review

Entrepreneurship in the nursing field is still rising giving greater opportunity for these nursing entrepreneurs. However, nurses need to identify the obstacles and the supports so that their businesses will run well and succeed. To identify the hindering and supporting factors for nurses in entrepreneurship. This study was a narrative review with literature research using electronic databases, which included Science Direct and PubMed between 2011-2021. The framework from the European Medical Writers Association developed by Ferrari was used to guide the study From the total of 11 identified and analyzed literatures, there were seven hindering factors (fear; knowledge and skill; prior working culture experience; decision-making policy and regulations; health insurance, colleague jealousy; and unprofessional attitudes) and two supporting factors (knowledge and skills; ability to seek opportunities). Conducting entrepreneurship in nursing still faces several obstacles but also has some supports, and therefore can be done by developing nurses’ self-potentials and professional attitudes.

The need for vendor development programmes to increase the efficiency of the automotive industry in Pakistan

Although there is always a need for further development in business models and industrial organisations via gradual improvements in their operations including production activities, warehouse management and supply chain management, it is quite obvious that from the present rise in inflation, a gap between the employees and the employers has been observed in the automotive sector due to a lack of vocational training or vendor development programmes causing uncertain attributes. The study aimed to highlight the significance of vendor development programmes in the automotive sector along with hindering factors and uncover the impediments that do not allow the encouragement of vendor development programmes in the said industry in Pakistan. The methodology for this research is qualitative, which will take the best measures by collecting the data from the vendors, especially from the operations department as this department is having deep insight and core knowledge about the organisation. The study concluded that financial constraint is the major factor that limits vendor development programmes in the automotive industry of Pakistan. Keywords: Automotive industry, training programmes, vendor, vendor development programmes

Overcoming interference on the basis of lexical contrastive study in French and Georgian languages

Overcoming interference is important during foreign language teaching, it is one of the hindering factors in the process of foreign language acquisition. The uniqueness and lexical peculiarity of the native language lies precisely in the fact that the use of words is based on certain regularities. Often the reason for gross mistakes is the regularities in the mother tongue. Overcoming interference is easier if the forms of the foreign language to be studied are similar or completely different to the native language. The difference found between the means of expressing thoughts in a foreign language and in the native language is one of the important parts of solving the problem. Interference mainly refers to the plan of expression of thought or the use of linguistic forms.

Analysis of Green Finance Promotion Barriers in Underdeveloped Areas - Evidence from System Engineering

As a hot topic in the world, the promotion of green finance in underdeveloped regions has many obstacles with complex levels and different attributes. This paper combined relevant surveys and expert opinions to determine the barriers to the promotion of green finance in underdeveloped areas, used the ISM (Interpretative Structural Modeling) to sort out the hierarchical structure and action paths of the factors, and applied MICMAC (Matriced Impacts Corises-multiplcation Appliance Classement) to determine the key focus objects. The research results show that: the system of obstacles to the promotion of green finance in underdeveloped areas consists of 15 factors, which can be divided into three levels: the surface layer, the intermediate layer and the bottom layer. Among them, low policy effectiveness, low utilization rate of advantageous resources, single green financial products and services, lack of professional talents, and frail resultant force of ecological poverty have strong dependence and low driving force. The solutions to these factors depend on other factors’ solution. Insufficient government guidance, incomplete construction of information sharing platform, and unbalanced development of productivity have relatively high driving forces, which are the most fundamental hindering factors and should be focused on.

An efficient memory reserving-and-fading strategy for vector quantization based 3D brain segmentation and tumor extraction using an unsupervised deep learning network.

Deep learning networks are state-of-the-art approaches for 3D brain image segmentation, and the radiological characteristics extracted from tumors are of great significance for clinical diagnosis, treatment planning, and treatment outcome evaluation. However, two problems have been the hindering factors in brain image segmentation techniques. One is that deep learning networks require large amounts of manually annotated data. Another issue is the computational efficiency of 3D deep learning networks. In this study, we propose a vector quantization (VQ)-based 3D segmentation method that employs a novel unsupervised 3D deep embedding clustering (3D-DEC) network and an efficiency memory reserving-and-fading strategy. The VQ-based 3D-DEC network is trained on volume data in an unsupervised manner to avoid manual data annotation. The memory reserving-and-fading strategy beefs up model efficiency greatly. The designed methodology makes deep learning-based model feasible for biomedical image segmentation. The experiment is divided into two parts. First, we extensively evaluate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed model on two authoritative MRI brain tumor databases (i.e., IBSR and BrainWeb). Second, we validate the model using real 3D brain tumor data collected from our institute for clinical practice significance. Results show that our method (without data manual annotation) has superior accuracy ( Tanimoto coefficient on IBSR, 97.5% TP and 97.7% TN on BrainWeb, and 91% Dice, 88% sensitivity and 87% specificity on real brain data) and remarkable efficiency (speedup ratio is 18.72 on IBSR, 31.16 on BrainWeb, 31.00 on real brain data) compared to the state-of-the-art methods. The results show that our proposed model can address the lacks of manual annotations, and greatly increase computation speedup with competitive segmentation accuracy compared to other state-of-the-art 3D CNN models. Moreover, the proposed model can be used for tumor treatment follow-ups every 6months, providing critical details for surgical and postoperative treatment by correctly extracting numerical radiomic features of tumors.