High Level Of Integration Research Articles

Psychological and physical factors related to social integration of older adults in Ghana

BackgroundGlobally, older adults aged 60 years and over are outnumbering children under 5 and young people aged 15–24. Much evidence exists on the importance of high social integration and positive quality of life and health outcomes. However, evidence on how older adults are socially integrated in Ghanaian communities is limited. This study examined how self-reported well-being and quality of life (psychological and physical (psycho-physical) factors) predict the social integration of older adults in Ghana.MethodsA secondary analysis of longitudinal survey data of the 2014/15 Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE Wave 2) conducted by the World Health Organization was applied. Older adults aged 60 years and older (n = 1,927) were included in this study. Multilevel logistic regression analyses were used to examine psycho-physical factors associated with high social integration among older adults. The output was reported as odds ratios (OR).ResultsIn general, social integration varied based on older adults’ demographic characteristics. Those in rural communities had lower odds of having high social integration (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.56,1.03) when compared with older adults in urban areas. Having high physical and psychological well-being was associated with high social integration (OR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.41, 2.57), (OR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.56, 2.69). However, older adults with high levels of emotional and spiritual well-being were 9% and 7% (respectively) less likely to experience a high level of social integration (OR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.71,1.24), (OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.60,1.04).ConclusionThe higher the level of self-reported psychological and physical well-being, the higher the social integration for older adults aged 60 years and over. However, the higher the level of self-reported emotional well-being and spiritual well-being, the less likely to have high social integration. Improved social integration or participation in society for older adults with high emotional and spiritual well-being is needed. The findings of this study highlight the need for policymakers and stakeholders to consider psycho-physical factors as an important public health tool and metric to encourage more research on the well-being of older adults in Ghana.

Is Microcredit and Health Insurance Access Effective for Vulnerable Peoples?

Using secondary data collected from Dschang in the West region of Cameroon, we examined the effectiveness of microcredit and health insurance access on vulnerable groups which includes the physically disabled and other forms of vulnerability. We undertook a statistical and qualitative econometric analysis using a logit model and obtained the following results: microcredit and health insurance access reduce the vulnerability of people via their health, financial and social status. Our findings open the way for some economic measures that should be taken to assist vulnerable people. From a macroeconomic perspective, these measures include the implementation of a food policy targeted towards increasing access to nutrition; a financial policy to improve access to drugs for individuals, and a social policy to achieve a high level of integration of vulnerable peoples and a high level of literacy of individuals. From a microeconomic perspective, we recommend that microfinance managers develop more products specific to and targeting the vulnerable population as well as those involved in small jobs and the informal sector with specific loans that can help them move to formal and more conventional jobs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper with this objective and methodology focusing on the dataset along with the same case study.

Simplified decoy-state quantum key distribution based on planar lightwave circuit integration module

The BB84 protocol with decoy states for quantum key distribution (QKD) has generated significant interest due to its theoretical unconditional security. Presently, the most of QKD systems demonstrated rely on bulk optics. Nevertheless, in upcoming large-scale commercial availability, it is imperative to have highly integrated, consistently performing, and cost-effective systems. Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) based on silica planar lightwave circuits (PLCs) play a crucial role in QKD due to its mature manufacturing process, excellent stability, low loss, and high integration level. We develop a simplified BB84 time-bin QKD experiment system that can significantly improve the key rate because it does not require time basis decoding. And two silica PLC asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer (AMZI) module are used with a high-precision temperature control system (±0.01 °C). Three quantum states |ψ0⟩, |ψ1⟩ and |ψ+⟩ are encoded and decoded with the module. The system achieves an estimated key rate about 3.4 Mbps using an analytical model with one decoy state at a clock repetition rate of 1.25 GHz. Finally, we experimentally obtain a key rate of 531 kbps over a 20 km single-mode fiber (SMF) at a clock repetition rate of 156.25 MHz.

Ultrafast-response H2S MEMS gas sensor based on double phase In2O3 monolayer particle film

The regulation of crystal structure plays a crucial role in gas sensing. In this work, by precisely controlling the annealing temperature, we first synthesized rhombohedral corundum-type In2O3 (h-In2O3), cubic bixbyite-type In2O3 (c-In2O3) and double phase In2O3 (c/h-In2O3). The c/h-In2O3 possesses the heterostructures of double phases, the abundant oxygen vacancies (61.1 %), and the more adsorbed oxygen (35.9 %). Subsequently, by self-assembly method, the sensors with one monolayer In2O3 particle film were successfully fabricated. The c/h-In2O3 sensor shows excellent H2S sensing performances with high response of 54.4 (50 ppm), extremely fast response time of 3.3 s and low limit of detection (LOD) of 20 ppb at 160 °C. The reasons for the ultrafast response of the sensor were unveiled through the comparison experiment of 4 layers particle film sensor and the theoretical analysis. Additionally, the outstanding sensing performance could be attributed to the abundant oxygen vacancies, the double phase heterojunction and the monolayer particle film. This work provides a new idea for designing micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) gas sensors with high sensitivity, extremely fast response, low power consumption and high level of integration.

High Ecological Integration Within U.S. Art Teacher Education: A Collective Case Study

We live in a world of accelerating ecological devastation, where environmental violence is culturally and economically ingrained in dominant human societies. The term “Anthropocene” implies a threshold has been breached, and suggests radical reassessments of prevailing social, economic, political, and educational systems are needed. Some art teacher education programs in the United States deviate from predominant trends by embracing ecological integration and preparing art preservice teachers to implement ecological and environmental art pedagogies. Such “aberrant” programs offer rich sites to explore for methods that might be emulated beyond these singular cases. In this study, we examined how three U.S. art teacher education programs, identified as having high levels of ecological integration, infused ecological and environmental approaches into their course content and teaching methods. Themes included exposure to relational ways of being, entanglements with the land and community, collective productions of ecological integration, and infusion of art teacher educators’ multiple identities.

Performance analysis on the heating performance of CPV/T-air dual source heat pump system with finned microchannels heat exchanger

Solar-assisted heat pump technology is a clean building energy conserving technique with high efficiency, but it often has limitations such as large evaporator cover area and significant susceptibility to weather conditions, preventing it from being widely used. In this paper, a concentrated photovoltaic/thermal-air dual source heat pump system integrated with finned microchannel heat exchanger (CPV/T-FMC-SAHP) is proposed to solve these problems. A mathematical model for the CPV/T-FMC-SAHP system is developed, and sensitivity analysis of different environmental parameters on system performance is conducted by numerical simulation. Performance comparisons are made under dual-source and solar heating modes to explore the optimal operating conditions. The results suggest that changes in ambient temperature have a relatively minor impact, primarily attributed to the limited surface area of the evaporator. On the other hand, increased irradiance, facilitated by the concentrator, significantly improves the system's performance. In the case of solar irradiation at 600 W/m2 and an ambient temperature of 13 °C, the system's heating capacity is 1747.38 W, with a COP reaching 5.31. In comparison, the COP of existing solar-assisted heat pump systems under this condition are about 4.5, so there is an improvement of about 18 %. Furthermore, activating the air blower on the weather with bad irradiation but relatively warm can further increase the system's heating capacity. To sum up, the CPV/T-FMC-SAHP system exhibits a substantial improvement in performance and high level of integration compared to traditional solar-assisted heat pumps. Therefore, this system can provide ideas for improving the performance of heat pumps in the case of limited space. It is not only meaningful in the field of building energy conserving, but also conducive to addressing global energy challenges.

NEW CHALLENGES OF DISTANCE TEACHING AT THE INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL FACULTY DURING THE WAR AND CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC IN UKRAINE

The aim of this work is to address specific challenges related to the organization and future prospects of distance teaching in medical higher education institutions, especially pertinent amidst the current military situation in Ukraine. Materials and methods. In our analysis, we reviewed relevant experiences and documentation, considering the participation of medical students in higher education. The data analysis on student’s performance and engagement in online courses to assess the effectiveness of current distance teaching methods was performed. Results and discussion. The education of medical professionals at international faculties holds significant national importance, contributing to addressing various societal challenges and enhancing Ukraine's educational reputation. However, recent events such as the COVID-19 pandemic and martial law have posed new challenges for distance teaching practices in pedagogy. Ii is crucial for educators who work with international medical students to possess high levels of professionalism and moral integrity. Across the globe, simulation technologies are increasingly employed in medical training, offering innovative methods for preparing highly skilled medical personnel. One such technology is the "virtual patient," which allows learners to engage in realistic clinical scenarios, make diagnostic and treatment decisions, and understand the consequences of their actions without compromising patient safety. The development of communication and language skills among future medical professionals remains a pressing concern within higher education institutions. Utilizing technological storytelling methods to illustrate the journeys of successful specialists can provide valuable insights and inspiration for students. In the context of distance learning, maintaining prompt feedback channels between students and departmental teachers is essential for effective learning outcomes. Conclusion. Practical application of innovative methodological approaches provide with opportunity for teachers of medical higher education institutions to implement and improve the novel methods of work, to increase the effectiveness of the educational process and the level of knowledge of students of the international faculty. Innovative distance learning technologies stimulate the teacher's work, increase his/her professional level, since the organization of the educational process requires preparation for each class, constant pedagogical research, development and use of additional new materials, study of innovative technologies.

Pengaruh Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia dan Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai di Sekretariat DPRD Kota Ambon

This research aims to find out the Human Resource Development influences on the performance of employees in the Ambon City DPRD Secretariat; to know the organizational culture influence on the employee performance in the Secretariat of Ambon city DPRD; and to learn the development of human resources and the culture of the organization influence the workforce performance in Ambon town DPRD secretariat. The type of research in this study is qualitative descriptive research, with a population and sample of 53 employees (census method). This shows that the DPRD Secretariat gives an opportunity to officials who want to improve education and provide training in accordance with the Tupoxy, and by itself to influence the disadvantage of staff performance. Each employee has demonstrated a high level of work integrity in accordance with the characteristics of the organization, striving to be responsible in work, disciplined and result-oriented, thus contributing to improved employee performance. The development of human resources and organizational culture has influenced the improvement of staff performance in the Secretariat of the DPRD City of Ambon.

Flexible High-Temperature MoS2 Field-Effect Transistors and Logic Gates.

High-temperature-resistant integrated circuits with excellent flexibility, a high integration level (nanoscale transistors), and low power consumption are highly desired in many fields, including aerospace. Compared with conventional SiC high-temperature transistors, transistors based on two-dimensional (2D) MoS2 have advantages of superb flexibility, atomic scale, and ultralow power consumption. However, MoS2 cannot survive at high temperature and drastically degrades above 200 °C. Here, we report MoS2 field-effect transistors (FETs) with top/bottom hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) encapsulation and graphene electrodes. With the protection of the h-BN/h-BN structure, the devices can survive at much higher temperature (≥500 °C in air) than those of the MoS2 devices ever reported, which provides us an opportunity to explore the electrical properties and working mechanism of MoS2 devices at high temperature. Unlike the relatively low-temperature situation, the on/off ratio and subthreshold swing of MoS2 FETs show drastic variation at elevated temperature due to the injection of thermal emission carriers. Compared with metal electrode, devices with a graphene electrode demonstrate superior performance at high temperature (∼1-order-larger current on/off ratio, 3-7 times smaller subthreshold swing, and 5-9 times smaller threshold voltage shift). We further realize that the flexible CMOS NOT gate based on the above technique, and demonstrate logic computing at 550 °C. This work may stimulate the fundamental research of properties of 2D materials at high temperature, and also creates conditions for next-generation flexible harsh-environment-resistant integrated circuits.

Fault Detection and VSC-HVDC Network Dynamics Analysis for the Faults in Its Host AC Networks

High-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission is preferred over high-voltage alternating current (HVAC) for long power lines for asynchronous power grid interconnection and high-level renewable energy integration. The control and protection functions associated with HVDC systems help with fast and secure clearance of faults. The control and protection challenges in the embedded HVDC network are of great concern for the stable and secure operation of an HVDC network. The DC fault current may reach an extremely high level in a rather short period because of the low impedance in a DC system, which is dangerous for converters, and disturbances in the AC network directly influence the performance of the HVDC system. Sometimes, faults on the AC side may lead to disconnection or failure of the DC link, causing reliability problems as well as huge economic losses. AC and DC protection solutions are being developed for HVDC systems to enhance their sustainability and reliability. As such, AC and DC faults should be detected and cleared at a faster rate. Therefore, in this article, the feasibility of the synchro-squeezed transform (SST) is analyzed for detection purposes. For more accurate and faster detection, the signal is first decomposed using the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) technique, and then the SST is applied. A discrete Teager energy (DTE) spectrum is obtained with the processed signal, which works as the detection index. The algorithm shows low sampling frequency requirements, with higher efficiency and reliability for the purpose. PSCAD/EMTDC version 4.6 software and MATLAB 2022a software is used for the modeling and simulation.

The Impact of Forestry Industry Integration on the Forest Farmers' Income in China: A Theoretical and Empirical Study

Transforming the forestry development model and promoting the integrated development of the forestry industry has become an important way for forestry to break through development bottlenecks and achieve efficiency enhancement, prosperity of forest areas, and income increase for forest farmers. In this study, we have theoretically elaborated on the mechanism by which the integrated development of the forestry industry affects the income level of forest farmers. In terms of empirical research, we use the inter provincial panel data from 2005 to 2019 to empirically test the individual heterogeneity, regional heterogeneity, and spatial spillover effects of forestry industry integration on forest farmer income with the help of fixed effect model, quantile regression model and spatial panel model. Results showed that, firstly, the level of integration in the forestry industry is on the rise, with most provinces in the middle or high integration stage. Among them, the Northeast region has the highest level of integration. Secondly, there is a positive spatial correlation in the income of Chinese forest farmers, and the spatial correlation is gradually increasing. The income of forest farmers in coastal provinces is relatively high, as indicated by the presence of HH clusters. Thirdly, the integration of the forestry industry has significantly improved the income level of forest farmers, and there are group heterogeneity and regional differences. The heterogeneity of income is reflected in the increasing income effect of forestry industry integration, which continuously strengthens with the improvement of the income level of forest farmers. Regional heterogeneity is mainly manifested in the Northeastern, Eastern, and Central regions. The integration of forestry industries can significantly promote the growth of forest farmers’ income, while in the Western regions, the income increase effect of forestry industry integration has an inhibitory effect, but is not significant. Finally, the integration of the forestry industry has significant spatial spillover effect and the indirect effect is greater than the direct effect. However, the spillover effect coefficient is 0.007, which is still at a relatively low level, and the diffusion effect generated by factor flow still needs to be strengthened. Efforts to boost integrated forestry industry development will broaden the income channels of forest farmers by leveraging high productivity of the agglomeration effects, diffusion effect and demonstration effect, strengthening regional communication and cooperation, and promoting integrated forestry industry development with adjacent regions. This study helps to correctly grasp the relationship between forestry industry integration and farmers’ income, and provides decision-making reference for local governments to formulate policies for increasing farmers’ income in the development of forestry industry integration based on actual situations.

Polarizable Nonvolatile Ferroelectric Gating in Monolayer MoS2 Phototransistors.

Given the requirements for power and dimension scaling, modulating channel transport properties using high gate bias is unfavorable due to the introduction of severe leakages and large power dissipation. Hence, this work presents an ultrathin phototransistor with chemical-vapor-deposition-grown monolayer MoS2 as the channel and a 10.2 nm thick Al:HfO2 ferroelectric film as the dielectric. The proposed device is meticulously modulated utilizing an Al:HfO2 nanofilm, which passivates traps and suppresses charge Coulomb scattering with Al doping, efficiently improving carrier transport and inhibiting leakage current. Furthermore, a bipolar pulses excitable polarization method is developed to induce a nonvolatile electrostatic field. The MoS2 channel is fully depleted by the switchable and stable floating gate originating from remanent polarization, leading to a high detectivity of 2.05 × 1011 Jones per nanometer of gating layer (Jones nm-1) and photocurrent on/off ratio >104 nm-1, which are superior to the state-of-the-art phototransistors based on two-dimensional (2D) materials and ferroelectrics. The proposed polarizable nonvolatile ferroelectric gating in a monolayer MoS2 phototransistor promises a potential route toward ultrasensitive photodetectors with low power consumption that boast of high levels of integration.

Study of digital approach in education and psychology among selected users in Ukraine

The purpose of the article is to study the digital approach in pedagogy and psychology of the future, to characterise the main trends and globalisation challenges that will accompany this process in the future. The scientific research methods used for the study are survey (with a coverage of 300 people), analysis, synthesis. Descriptive statistics, correlation and thematic analysis were used to summarise the quantitative results. The results of the study indicate that significant transformations are observed at the level of interaction between mentors and students, in the process of shaping the content of education and using tools for knowledge transfer. Until now, the focus of digital technologies has been on the interaction between teachers and students, but in the modern context, this approach has evolved into comprehensive horizontal communication within the educational community. The results of the study confirm that the use of digital tools is a productive and useful measure, which is recognised by most respondents. At the same time, a significant number of respondents use digital tools on a regular basis, even daily or several times a week. This indicates a high level of integration of digital technologies into the work of teachers and psychologists in general. It is important to note that, unlike European and American colleagues who actively introduce elements of artificial intelligence into the educational process and activities of psychologists, Ukrainian respondents mainly focus on the use of online platforms such as Zoom, Microsoft Teams, Google Meet, Moodle, Google Classroom, etc. This is in line with current trends in assessing the impact of digitalisation on the professional activities of teachers and psychologists. The conclusions indicate that it is equally important to further develop research in the direction of using foreign experience that actively implements the capabilities of artificial intelligence.

Research on the village layout optimization in China's developed areas based on daily life circles.

Public service facilities are the basic material carrier of social services. It is of great significance for the operation of social justice and the improvement of residents' wellbeing. In the process of rapid urbanization, the demand for traffic convenience and diversity of public service facilities in rural areas has been further improved. Since the sudden outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, it is more necessary to meet the public service needs of human daily life within a certain space. The huge gap between urban and rural infrastructures, human living conditions, and supporting public services such as education, health, and culture has become a key bottleneck constraining the integration of urban and rural areas. It is appropriate to focus on the requirements for the construction of daily life circles and prioritize the satisfaction of villagers' increasing demand for public services in regions characterized by high levels of urban-rural integration. The behavior preference of public service facilities significantly affects the choice of residential areas. The existing research on village layout optimization focused on the spatial pattern, landscape morphology, influencing factors, and other contents. To some extent, the preference for equalization of public services in the context of urban-rural integration has been ignored. Uneven distribution and low utilization of public service facilities in villages resulted in an inability to adapt spatially and functionally in response to the renewal of urban-rural relations. Taking a highly developed urban and rural integration area named Wuxi City of Jiangsu Province in China as an example, this paper combines the current situation of public service facility allocation and the transport situation of residents in rural areas to build a life-circle system of different levels. On this basis, combined with the optimization goal of public service facilities and the constraints of agglomeration coverage, we try to determine the village layout optimization scheme under the construction of both the daily life circle and location-allocation model. The study can effectively adjust the allocation of public resources in rural areas and solve the problems of irrational village layout leading to long travel distances. It can also serve as a reference for improving the situation of lagging rural public service functions and promoting urban-rural equalization.

Sustainable medical tourism service network with a stakeholder perspective

ABSTRACT Along with the challenges and disruptions faced in the COVID-19 outbreak, medical tourism is an emergent field of business bringing multiple sources of service providers to provide cross-border medical treatment with affordable costs and touristic activity opportunities. The sustainability of medical tourism is of paramount importance in terms of economic, social and environmental dimensions with a high level of collaboration, coordination, cooperation and integration of the stakeholders of this service network. Hence, the purpose of this study is to analyze the sustainability objectives of medical tourism service with a detailed stakeholder involvement. In this regard, medical tourism stakeholders are identified via a systematic review of literature and industrial reports, and next, the objectives associated with sustainability are described in detail, then, a novel Fermatean Fuzzy MACTOR (‘Matrix of Alliances and Conflicts: Tactics, Objectives and Recommendations’) is proposed to determine the triggering relationship between each stakeholder and to highlight the convergency of each stakeholder towards each objective. Hence, the findings reveal the major responsibilities of stakeholders to achieve each individual sustainability objective. The analysis results indicate that even if the main service providers fulfil their duties perfectly, in case of having language barrier, demand of medical tourists cannot be sustained.

Academic Integrity among Graduate Studies Students at the University of Jordan during the Period of Distance E-Learning in Light of the Corona Pandemic and in Light of Selected Variables

This study aimed to identify academic integrity and academic motivation for Graduate studies students at the University of Jordan.it shows the impact level of the academic motivation and academic achievement in the academic integrity. To achieve the purpose of this study we have chosen a stratified random sample consisted of (500) students including (179) males and (321) female students from under-graduate students at university of Jordan registered in the first semester of academic year (2020/2021) in the program master and doctoral degrees in various Humanitarian, scientific and medical colleges, the data needed to answer the study questions were collected by applying two measures Academic integrity (AIQ) and Achievement motivation, the student's GPA were considered a measure of achievement. The results of the study showed that the under-graduate students at university of Jordan have high levels of academic integrity and have medium academic motivation. While the results of study indicated that, there were statistically significant difference in the academic integrity due to the variables: motivation & achievement for the higher motivation & achievement students. On other hand, there were no statistically significant difference due to the interaction between motivation and achievement.

Experimental and numerical investigations of goaf roof failure and bulking characteristics based on gob-side entry retaining by roof cutting

The stability control of gob-side entry retaining (GSER) has consistently been an important topic of interest within the field of no-pillar mining. This paper presents a novel discontinuous similar material for conducting physical model experiments, in conjunction with discrete element numerical simulation, to investigate the goaf roof failure and bulking characteristics based on gob-side entry retaining by roof cutting. The results indicate that the application of roof cutting technology (RCT) can significantly expand the failure range of the goaf roof vicinity to the roof cutting line. This expansion leads to a 20% increase in the volume of broken roof rock, which in turn facilitates the formation of effective support and stress compensation for the overlying strata, and the possibility of failure and displacement in the overlying strata is reduced. RCT can decrease the length of the cantilever beam located on the gob-side roadway, which is beneficial for maintaining the stability of the roadway. This paper presents a rational approach for determining an appropriate roof cutting height and angle. The in-situ application results show that the deformation of the surrounding rock of GSER by RCT is small, indicating a high level of integrity, fully meeting the requirements of serving the production of the subsequent working face. This paper serves as a reference for future research on the stability control of gob-side roadways based on GSER approach.

EXPLORING THE PERCEPTION OF ACADEMIC FRAUD, ACADEMIC INTEGRITY ON THE BEHAVIOR OF ACCOUNTING STUDENTS IN UNIVERSITIES

The aim of this research is to determine the perception of academic cheating and academic integrity and their impact on the behavior of accounting students in higher education. Academic fraud and academic integrity play a crucial role in shaping the character and professional ethics of accounting students, who will eventually become professionals. The research employs a quantitative approach, distributing questionnaires to Accounting majors at several universities in Palembang City. A total of 75 respondents participated, and the measuring tool used was multiple regression. The questionnaire was designed to gauge the level of perception regarding academic cheating, the level of academic integrity, and student behavior in dealing with academic pressure. The research results indicate a correlation between perceptions of academic cheating and the level of academic integrity. Students with a high perception of academic cheating tend to exhibit a lower level of academic integrity. Additionally, a relationship was found between academic integrity and student behavior in dealing with academic pressure. Students with a high level of academic integrity tend to approach academic pressure with a more ethical and responsible attitude.

Thermal performance of ultra-thin vapor chamber with etched micro-structure for electronics cooling

As a two-phase heat transfer element, vapor chambers (VCs) have received widespread attention in recent years due to the advantages of high-effective thermal conductivity, lightweight, and flexibility in design and application. With the development of microelectronic products towards higher levels of integration and compactness, there is also a growing demand for thinner VCs. In this paper, the heat transfer performance of novel ultra-thin vapor chambers (UTVCs) with a thickness of only 0.3 mm was designed and tested. The composite wick is made of an etched micro-structure and 300 in−1 copper mesh. The heat transfer performance of UTVCs such as the temperature distribution, the temperature difference and the thermal resistance was investigated under different heating power by evaluating the effect of etched micro-structures, liquid charging ratio and test direction. The results of the experiment showed that the optimal liquid charging ratio for continuous micro-structure and non-continuous micro-structure is 60 % and 80 %, respectively, and the minimum temperature difference is 1.3 °C and 3.5 °C for the heating power of 5.5 W, respectively. In addition, the continuous micro-structure UTVC with a liquid charging ratio of 60 % has better heat transfer performance and the maximum temperature difference is less than 5 °C in all test directions of horizontal direction, gravity direction and anti-gravity direction.

Is Foreign Direct Investment Resilient Post the COVID-19 Pandemic? The Case of a Subnational Economy

The disruption brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic has been unprecedented in its global reach and unique impacts. While the literature has addressed the disruption effect on FDI at the country level, we provide a unique dive into the presence and development of FDI at a subnational location. We use detailed data on spatial and industrial distributions of FDI in the U.S. state of New Hampshire and find support for all our hypotheses related to post-disruption recovery and resilience. Given the varied impact of the pandemic on FDI across locations, and the heterogeneity in local conditions, we contend that the subnational recovery depends on the impact of the disruption and happens at varying levels and timelines. While the literature documented that foreign businesses choose to embed in their local host environments, few studies have considered empirically how the level of local integration affects FDI recovery after disruption. We propose that subnational locations with a high level of integration maintain relative strength in FDI post-disruption. The COVID-19 pandemic disruption presents an opportunity to evaluate FDI resilience. We postulate that existing FDI and spatial agglomerations of FDI-related activities impact the post-disruption resilience of FDI at a subnational location. The analysis concludes on actionable insights for researchers and practitioners regarding how to navigate the FDI inflows and activities at their specific location.