High Volume Research Articles

Excellent adsorption and catalytic oxidation of toluene facilitated by metal-free nitrogen-doped mesoporous biochar

In this study, we synthesized a series of nitrogen-doped mesoporous biochar by a salt-templating method to assess the potential of our modified biochar for advanced remediation of toluene through either adsorption or catalytic oxidation. The principal findings indicated that the incorporation of nitrogen and the mesopore-forming agent significantly influenced the toluene removal performance by altering the physicochemical properties of the biochar. Notably, the sample synthesized at 900 °C (BUPZ-900) exhibited the exceptional toluene adsorption capacity, reaching 283.85 mg/g, due to its high surface area and mesopore volume. Advanced characterizations revealed that different nitrogen functionalities played distinct roles in the adsorption performance. The presence of graphitic nitrogen in BUPZ-900 enhanced toluene adsorption through π-π dispersion interactions. Conversely, BUPZ-600, boasting a high nitrogen content (8.66 at%) and a predominance of pyridinic-N (3.92 at%), exhibited the highest catalytic activity, despite its low adsorption capacity attributed to a smaller surface area. This heightened activity was attributed to the basicity of pyridinic-N, which acted as active sites, despite the material’s lower surface area. Our study highlights the promise of nitrogen-doped mesoporous biochar as an effective adsorbent or catalyst for advanced remediation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), even in the absence of metal catalysts. This work emphasizes the critical role of synthesis temperature and nitrogen functionalization in optimizing biochar properties for environmental applications.

Digital Financial Services Effort in Enforcing Anti-Money Laundering through Open Banking Optimization

Technology has revolutionized finance, but seamless services increase fraud risks. As digital finance grows, anti-money laundering (AML) systems struggle with high transaction volumes. The main objective of this study is to verify whether open banking catalyzes the efficiency of transaction monitoring in AML. Another objective is to analyze the current agenda of regulators in Indonesia, which is related to the Indonesia Payment Systems Blueprint 2025 and customer data security. The Delphi technique pinpointed contemporary AML compliance technologies, encompassing money laundering, Regulatory Technology, and regulatory bodies. The article delves into a comparative analysis between Regulatory Technology and financial crime, which emphasizes several actions to eradicate money laundering, such as strengthening the AML system, customer screening, and allowing cross-data sharing between institutions. In addition, this paper explores RegTech's limitations and forthcoming hurdles regarding AML compliance. The finding shows that open banking catalyzes the efficiency of transaction monitoring in AML and supports the regulator's agenda to combat money laundering with some requirements.

Controversy on the CONVINCE study findings: the PRO take.

The CONVINCE study, recently published in the New England Journal of Medicine, reveals a groundbreaking 23% reduction in the relative risk of all-cause mortality among end-stage kidney patients undergoing high convective volume hemodiafiltration. This significant finding challenges the conventional use of high-flux hemodialysis and offers hope for improving outcomes in chronic kidney disease patients. While some controversies surround the study's findings, including concerns about generalizability and the causes of death, it is essential to acknowledge the study's design and its main outcomes. The CONVINCE study, part of the HORIZON 2020 project, enrolled 1360 patients and demonstrated the superiority of hemodiafiltration in reducing all-cause mortality overall, as well as in specific patient subgroups (elderly, short vintage, non-diabetic, and those without cardiac issues). Interestingly, it was shown that hemodiafiltration had a protective effect against infection, including COVID-19. Future research will address sustainability, dose scaling effects, identification of subgroups especially likely to benefit and cost-effectiveness. However, for now, the findings strongly support a broader adoption of hemodiafiltration in renal replacement therapy, marking a significant advancement in the field.

The impact of treatment approach on survival among patients with clinical stage T2N0 and T3N0 rectal cancer.

e15637 Background: Treatment of early stage rectal cancer requires a multi-disciplinary approach and is often treated with curative intent surgery with use of total neoadjuvant treatment (TNT) or neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in select cases pre-operatively. In this study, we determine the various clinicopathologic factors associated with the use of these different approaches (Surgery upfront vs nCRT vs TNT) and their effect on patient survival. Methods: The National Cancer Database (NCDB) was queried for patients with clinical T2N0M0 and T3N0M0 rectal cancer between 2004-2019. Results: 36,869 patients were identified, of which about half had nCRT only while < 15% had received TNT. Patients who underwent nCRT had the highest median OS compared to those who underwent surgery only (106.8 vs 126.5 months, p < 0.001). The surgery upfront cohort had the highest proportion of patients who were seen at a facility with high/very high case volume per year quartiles (surgery: 52.5%, nCRT: 47.3%, and TNT: 48.3%, p < 0.001). The highest median age was among the surgery cohort at 69 years followed by the nCRT cohort at 64 years and TNT cohort at 61 years (p < 0.001). Amongst patients with a Charlson-Deyo co-morbidity score of 2 or more, the surgery upfront cohort had the highest proportion while the TNT cohort had the lowest (p < 0.001). Low anterior resection (LAR) was the most common procedure among all three cohorts. A multivariate logistic regression model revealed that when compared to surgery only, the nCRT (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 1.51, p < 0.001) and TNT (AOR = 1.62, p < 0.001) were both associated with an increased likelihood of 5-year long-term survival (LTS), with TNT having a stronger association. Among the various pre-operative characteristics, patients 70 years and older, patient with normal CEA and presence of LVI were less likely to have LTS with TNT as compared to surgery upfront. On the other hand, patients with clinical T3 stage who received TNT were much more likely to have improved LTS as compared to T2 stage (Relative Risk Ratio (RRR) 16.19, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Results of our study show that patients with early stage T2N0 and T3N0 rectal cancer who underwent neoadjuvant treatment had an improved median OS compared to patients who received surgery upfront. Both nCRT and TNT were associated with an increased likelihood of long-term survival, with TNT having a stronger association particularly in the T3N0 cohort.

Modifying the gastric tumor microenvironment with tadalafil: A transcriptomic analysis of immune signatures from underserved patients of southern Arizona.

e16104 Background: Gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide with significant morbidity and mortality. Recently, southern Arizona has seen a concerning surge in incidence of GAC due to ineffective H. pylori screening and treatment. Moreover, peri-operative chemotherapy treatment in stage IB-III GAC represents an area of unmet need for new targets. Our center serves a catchment area that is 40% Hispanic and sees a high volume of GAC patients, making this our research focus. Our preclinical work in Helicobacter infected mice showed a subset of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) expressing Schlafen4 (SLFN4) concurrently with gastric metaplasia, a GAC precursor. SLFN4+ MDSCs exhibit robust transcriptional signatures associated with type I interferon(IFN-I) inducible genes, coupled with T cell suppressor function. Pharmacological inhibition via phosphodiesterase (PDE) 5,6 inhibitor sildenafil resulted in the suppression of SLFN4, reversal of T cell suppression, and mitigation of metaplasia. This is the first clinical study aimed to characterize SLFN12L, the human ortholog of mouse SLFN4, and to analyze the neoplastic and immune signatures in GAC before and after PDE5 inhibition with tadalafil. Methods: Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we examined tissues from GAC patients enrolled in a "Window of Opportunity" study (NCT05709574). The patients receive tadalafil (20mg) for 14 days, followed by combined tadalafil and FLOT (5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and docetaxel) for 8 weeks. Gastric tissue and blood samples were collected i) before treatment, ii) after 14 days of tadalafil, and iii) after 8 weeks of combined treatment. We have enrolled 3 Hispanic patients to date with ongoing enrollment. Results: Tumors exhibited responses as per radiologic and pathologic criteria. In contrast to SLFN4, primarily expressed in myeloid cells, SLFN12L was found in most CD14+T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. A prominently activated and expanded myeloid population expressing SLFN12L was identified in the gastric mucosa of GAC patients. These cells exhibited transcriptional signatures associated with IFN-I signaling and immunosuppressive activities, diminishing after tadalafil treatment. Within GAC tissue, a notable increase in exhausted T cells and regulatory T cells was observed, decreasing after tadalafil. Post-tadalafil testing showed tissue PDE5/6 inhibition and higher plasma cGMP. Effector T cells exhibited an upward trend following tadalafil, suggesting a reduction in tumor immunosuppression. Conclusions: Preliminary data of this ongoing study show that tadalafil treatment combined with FLOT, has the potential to decrease SLFN12L+ MDSC, to attenuate their immunosuppression, and potentially inhibit tumor progression. The trial is active and further analysis will be presented in due course.

The hospital costs of high emergency department pediatric readiness.

We estimate annual hospital expenditures to achieve high emergency department (ED) pediatric readiness (HPR), that is, weighted Pediatric Readiness Score (wPRS)≥88 (0-100 scale) across EDs with different pediatric volumes of children, overall and after accounting for current levels of readiness. We calculated the annual hospital costs of HPR based on two components: (1) ED pediatric equipment and supplies and (2) labor costs required for a Pediatric Emergency Care Coordinator (PECC) to perform pediatric readiness tasks. Data sources to generate labor cost estimates included: 2021 national salary information from U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, detailed patient and readiness data from 983 EDs in 11 states, the 2021 National Pediatric Readiness Project assessment; a national PECC survey; and a regional PECC survey. Data sources for equipment and supply costs included: purchasing costs from seven healthcare organizations and equipment usage per ED pediatric volume. We excluded costs of day-to-day ED operations (ie, direct clinical care and routine ED supplies). The total annual hospital costs for HPR ranged from $77,712 (95% CI 54,719-100,694) for low volume EDs to $279,134 (95% CI 196,487-362,179) for very high volume EDs; equipment costs accounted for 0.9-5.0% of expenses. The total annual cost-per-patient ranged from $3/child (95% CI 2-4/child) to $222/child (95% CI 156-288/child). After accounting for current readiness levels, the cost to reach HPR ranged from $23,775 among low volume EDs to $145,521 among high volume EDs, with costs per patient of $4/child to $48/child. Annual hospital costs for HPR are modest, particularly when considered per child.

Outcomes of liver transplant recipients with pretransplant malignancies: Insights from a single institution’s experience.

11173 Background: Increasing liver transplantation (LT) utilization has resulted in more and more patients with a history of a non-hepatobiliary malignancy. Rather than deny such patients a lifesaving therapy the benefits must be weighed against risk of tumor recurrence and de novo malignancies (DNM) post-LT, especially with the immunosuppression required. While data has been presented on outcomes of pre transplant malignancies (PTM) in kidney and heart transplants, LT data is lacking. Our aim is to characterize rates of recurrence, DNM, and overall survival (OS) post-LT at a single, high volume American center. Methods: This retrospective study at Houston Methodist Hospital included patients who underwent LT with known history of PTM. Data was extracted from electronic health records, and descriptive statistics performed. Institutional IRB approval is obtained. Results: Between 01/1999- 12/2022, 1617 LTs were performed at our institute. We identified 261 LT recipients with 297 PTM, including 91 non- and 206 hepatobiliary cancers (See Table). Follow-up period ranged from 1 to 23 years. Post-LT malignancies were observed in 66 patients, 25% of the study population. Tumor recurrences accounted for 44 (17%) cases, and DNM were seen in 22 (8%). The DNMs included skin non-melanoma (n=8 cases), head & neck (3), PTLD (2), prostate (2), renal (1), lung (1), CRC (1), pancreatic (1), gynecologic (2), and poorly differentiated (1). The OS rate at 1-, 5-years (excluding those less than 5 years follow-up and unknown), and at time of last follow-up were 86.6%, 60-65% and 70%, respectively. Patients with post-LT malignancies had lower OS compared to those without (46% vs. 77.7%). Conclusions: To our knowledge, this study is the first to assess post-LT outcomes in patients with PTM. This study of LT recipients with PTM demonstrates post-LT malignancy rates of 25%, including 17% with recurrences and 8% with DNM. The latter is within the previously reported range of 3-14% DNM in the general post-LT population and dominated by skin cancers. Post-LT OS is excellent in these recipients and comparable to all LT patients. However, OS is lower in those with post-LT malignancies, implying a possible role for increased cancer surveillance. Limitations include retrospective design and potential chart bias. Future work in this cohort will focus on immunosuppression effects for this high-risk population. [Table: see text]

The ROSA robotic-arm system reliably restores joint line height, patella height and posterior condylar offset in total knee arthroplasty

IntroductionThere is growing interest in the use of robotic TKA to improve accuracy of component positioning in Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA). The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of implant component position using the ROSA® knee system with specific reference to Joint Line Height, Patella Height and Posterior Condylar Offset (PCO). MethodsThis was a retrospective review of a prospectively-maintained database of the initial 100 consecutive TKAs performed by a high volume surgeon using the ROSA® knee system. Both the image-based and imageless workflow were used and two prosthesis types were implanted. To determine the accuracy of component positioning, the immediate post-operative radiograph was reviewed and compared with the immediate pre-operative radiograph with regards to Joint Line Height, Patella Height and Posterior Condylar Offset. Results100 consecutive patients undergoing TKA using the ROSA system were included; mean age 70 years (range 49–95 years). Mean change in joint line height was 0.2 mm, patella height (Insall-Salvati ratio) 0.01 and posterior condylar offset 0.02 mm; there was no statistically significant difference between the pre and post-operative values. No difference was demonstrated between image-based or imageless workflows, or between implant design (Persona versus Vanguard) regarding joint line height, patella height and PCO. ConclusionThis study validates the use of the ROSA® knee system in accurately restoring Joint Line Height, Patella Height and Posterior Condylar Offset in TKA surgery. No significant differences were found between imageless and image-based groups, or between implant designs (Persona versus Vanguard).

Characteristics and outcomes of plasmablastic lymphoma in a predominantly Hispanic population.

e19079 Background: Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and is frequently associated with immunosuppression. PBL displays immunoblastic morphology and a plasma cell immunophenotype. Data regarding patient characteristics, outcomes, and optimal treatment for this disease is limited. The reported prognosis of patients with PBL has been historically poor, with median overall survival ranging from 6 to 18 months. A recent publication of the SEER/NCDB database found a significantly improved OS in the Hispanic population (HR 0.7, p=0.014). This study investigates demographic, treatment, and survival outcomes for a primarily Hispanic PBL population. Methods: We identified 42 cases of pathologically confirmed PBL at two high volume tertiary care centers in Southern California between March 2010 and June 2023. Chart review was used to collect data on clinical presentation, treatment, and outcomes. Results: Median age of patients at diagnosis was 46 years (range 17-91 years) and 90% were male. Hispanic patients represented 81% of the total cohort. Predisposing immunosuppression was identified in 60%, and 50% of the total cohort were HIV-positive. Pathologic analysis showed EBV positivity by EBER in situ hybridization in 67%. 76% of patients presented with advanced disease (Stage III/IV). The most common regimens were EPOCH (27%) and V-EPOCH (49%). Response rates and CR rates were 63% and 50% respectively. Median follow-up was 10.5 months. OS was 72% at 1-year and 60% at 2-years. Conclusions: Our cohort demonstrated a 1-year OS of 72% compared to the 56% 1-year OS for PBLs in the SEER/NCDB database. There was no statistically significant difference in survival between the Hispanic and Non-Hispanic cohorts in our study. However, this is likely due to the small sample size in the latter. Notably, our patient population had more advanced disease at presentation (76% Stage III/IV) than the SEER/NCDB cohort (60% Stage III/IV). This improved survival is likely multifactorial, but could represent ethnic differences in PBL biology, high EBV positivity, and the frequent utilization of higher intensity regimens (EPOCH/V-EPOCH = 76%). Further studies are needed to better characterize this disease in the Hispanic population. [Table: see text]

Real world outcomes with cabazitaxel (cab) plus carboplatin (car) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

e17052 Background: Taxane chemotherapies are a mainstay of treatment in mCRPC. The addition of carboplatin (car) to cabazitaxel (cab) has shown efficacy and toxicity within clinical trials. Although car/cab were initiated concurrently in trial, clinical efficacy of car addition in those with PSA progression on cab is unknown. Furthermore, little is known about outcomes in older patients treated with car/cab. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 72 patients with mCRPC treated with car/cab combination therapy. Demographics, disease characteristics, and treatment history were collected via electronic medical record. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), best overall response (BOR) per RECIST 1.1 in those with measurable disease, PSA30 and PSA50, defined as a decrease in PSA by at least 30% or 50%, respectively, were assessed. Adverse events related to treatment were assessed. In patients ≥ 65 years old, baseline frailty was assessed with the G8 screening tool, which incorporates recent food intake, weight loss, mobility, neuropsychological conditions, BMI, polypharmacy, self-assessed health status, and age. A score of ≤ 14 suggests geriatric vulnerability. Univariate association between clinical variables and the G8 score was assessed by Fisher’s exact test and Chi-square analysis. Survival outcomes were assessed via Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Median age was 66.5 years, 45.8% were Black, and 84.5 % had high volume disease. 88.1% of patients had an impaired G8 score even though 83.7% of all patients included were classified as ECOG 0-1 by their oncologist. Initially, 32 patients (44.4%) started cab monotherapy with car added later and received a median of 4 cycles of cab prior. Median OS was 10.8 months (95% CI 8.8, 13.3) and median PFS was 6.2 months (95% CI 5.8, 8.3). PSA30 and PSA50 were 38.6% and 25.7%, respectively, with BOR of partial response (PR) in 5 patients (8.6%). In those in whom car was added due to a lack of response to cab, 32.3% and 16.1% of patients were able to recapture PSA30 and PSA50 with the combination, respectively; only 1 patient (3.8%) had a PR as BOR. 56.9% of patients did not receive further treatment after car/cab. 93.1% of patients experienced toxicity (90.6% of those in whom car was added) and 34.7% stopped treatment due to toxicity alone. Fatigue (64.8%), anemia (85.9%), leukopenia (36.6%), and thrombocytopenia (40.8%) were the most common. G-CSF support was required in 70.8% and those with an impaired G8 score were significantly more likely to require this support (p=.008). Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study showing that the addition of car in those not responding to cab can recapture PSA response in roughly one third of patients. Since car/cab is toxic, this may represent a strategy to expose only those not responding to cab to the added toxicity of the doublet. More frail patients may experience increased toxicity with car/cab.

Prognostic implications of PSA levels at 7 months in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer treated with enzalutamide: Landmark analysis of ENZAMET (ANZUP 1304).

5079 Background: ENZAMET (NCT02446405) showed that enzalutamide added to testosterone suppression (TS) with or without docetaxel improves overall survival (OS) compared with TS plus standard non-steroidal anti-androgen (NSAA) in patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). We assessed PSA levels in ENZAMET participants at 7 months after randomization to determine correlations with OS. In CHAARTED, participants with mHSPC high volume disease (HV), 20% achieved PSA ≤ 0.2 with ADT (androgen deprivation therapy) alone versus 44% with low volume disease (LV) and for HV with ADT + Docetaxel, 36% achieved PSA ≤ 0.2 vs 64% with LV. Methods: Participants were included if they were followed for at least 7 months after randomization, and had availability of PSA and outcome data. Landmark analysis at 7 months used prognostic classifiers as previously identified in SWOG 9346 and CHAARTED of PSA ≤ 0.2 and > 0.2 at 7 months after initiation of therapy. Results: The total number of ENZAMET participants (pts) with PSA at 7 months of ≤0.2ng/mL was 646 of 1125 (57%): 271/562 (48%) in the NSAA arm versus 375/563 (67%) in the ENZA arm. Five-year OS for TS + NSAA (±Doc) arm PSA ≤ 0.2 = 71% vs PSA > 0.2 = 36% and for TS + ENZA (±Doc) arm PSA ≤ 0.2 = 74% vs PSA > 0.2 = 43%. The % of pts with PSA levels at 7 months ≤0.2ng/mL and corresponding 5-year OS outcomes by key prognostic groups (HV vs LV) ± docetaxel is shown (Table). In comparison with CHAARTED in those with HV, 37% achieved PSA ≤ 0.2 with ADT alone versus 61% with LV which increased to 55% for HV and 79% for LV respectively with addition of enzalutamide. In those with HV treated with ADT + D 39% achieved PSA ≤ 0.2 vs 58% with LV increasing to 60% for HV and 74% for LV respectively with addition of enzalutamide. Conclusions: A PSA nadir of ≤0.2 at 7 months is associated with a longer OS regardless of treatment and prognostic group (HV vs LV). Enzalutamide increased the rate of achievement of PSA <0.2 for all groups. Clinical trial information: NCT02446405 . [Table: see text]

Lung cancer in females from nonsmoker families in India: Observations and inferences in 5 years.

e20610 Background: Incidence in lung cancer in last two decades has been changing drastically in terms of gender, age, smoking behaviour of patients, stage at presentation, histopathology, genetic abnormalities, operability at presentation and survival. More perplexing is the increase in its occurrence in females from non smoker families, mitigating the sole importance of the traditional risk factors of tobacco and smoking in the recent times. This highlights the need to investigate other risk factors like radon exposure from indoor pollution where females stay most of the time, exposure to arsenic and other chemicals in daily life, particle pollution, physical inactivity and inflammatory diseases of airways. Methods: It was an observational study of patients who were diagnosed and treated at a high volume cancer centre in Karnataka state of India. 89 never smoker female patients under 50 years of age from non smoker families with no obvious exposure to second hand or third hand smoke were enrolled from October, 2018 to June, 2023. It was a longitudinal prospective cohort study where the demographic data, symptoms with duration, histopathology including genetic abnormalities, treatment details and survival were noted. Results: 89 never smoker females from non smoker families with ages ranging from 36 to 50 years had a median age of 46 years. About 70% of the ladies were from houses closely associated with farm in past or present. 55% of them had overweight and obese body habitus. Most common presenting symptom was dry cough with median duration of about 3 months in about 89%. Other symptoms were pleuritic chest pain(39%), breathlessness (19%), generalized body ache(9%) and jaundice(2%). Stage of disease was IV(69%), IIIC(12.3%), IIIB(11.2%), IIIA(5.6%) and II in just one patient. Most common sites of metastasis were contralateral lung(45%), bone(20%), liver(20%), adrenal glands(10%) and brain (15%). Most common histopathology was adenocarcinoma(87.6%), adenosquamous carcinoma(7.8%), squamous cell carcinoma(3.3%), large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma in just one patient. EGFR was mutated in 56(62.9%) with deletion 19( 33%) and L858R(21%) being the most common abnormalities. ALK rearrangements and ROS1 fusion were seen in about 9(3.3%) and 3(3.3%) patients respectively. Surgery was done in only 3 patients and chemoradiation after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was given in 8(8.9%) patients. Median overall survival was about 42 months in stage IV patients. Conclusions: Changing demographic profile of lung cancer warrants more research into the other causes of lung cancer. More stage IV disease highlights the emphasis on prevention and screening for the disease.

60‐3: CMOS Compatible microLED Epitaxy for Display Applications

Results from AlGaInP (red) microLED devices deposited by MOCVD on 200 mm Ge substrates will be presented. As a potential replacement for GaAs, Ge offers advantages which include ultra low levels of bulk defectivity, superior mechanical strength and cost competitiveness versus incumbent substrate technologies. Additionally, Ge is a CMOS fab compatible substrate which is a key to accessing high volume manufacturing within existing Si foundries, 300 mm being a future key enabler

High volume online hemodiafiltration: a global perspective and the Brazilian experience

RESUMO A hemodiafiltração (HDF) on-line é uma modalidade dialítica em rápido crescimento no mundo. No Brasil, o número de pacientes com planos de saúde privados tratados por HDF já ultrapassa aquele de pacientes em diálise peritoneal. O alcance de um alto volume convectivo associado à redução de desfechos clínicos e do risco de morte confirmam os benefícios da HDF. Dados nacionais do estudo HDFit forneceram informações práticas relevantes sobre a implementação da HDF on-line em clínicas de diálise no Brasil. O objetivo desta publicação é a disseminação de informações técnicas que possam auxiliar na utilização, com qualidade e segurança, dessa nova modalidade dialítica.

Development of nitrogen-rich hierarchical porous carbon for high selective adsorption of methanol in multi-VOCs waste gas recovery processes

Methanol is a typical polar volatile organic compound that has been commonly used as a solvent in industrial processes and is considered as an important resource. It often appears with aromatic compounds in practical application scenarios. Conducting methanol and aromatic compounds recycle technology can provide us with a sustainable carbon source for fuels and materials well beyond the fleeting fossil fuel era. Post-synthesis modification (PSM) has been utilized to incorporate 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (Atz) into ZIF-8, thereby enabling the derivation of mesopore structure and enhancement of nitrogen content in ZIF-8 derived carbon. With this method the obtained carbon exhibited a highly polarizable micro-mesoporous structure, resulting in high adsorption capacity for methanol adsorption at low concentrations. The experimental results showed that the VOCs adsorption on porous carbon is primarily dictated by its microporous structure at high pressure, and predominantly governed by the presence of nitrogen functional groups and the micro-mesoporous properties at low pressure. DFT theoretical analysis also showed that nitrogen functional group can improve the absorption capacity of methanol by adsorbents through changing the electron distribution and surface polarity of carbon-based materials. Finally, based on the emission properties that is low concentration and high volume of VOCs waste gas in industrial application, ZIF8-24-700 and BACs-36 materials (Wang et al., 2023) were used to further prove the feasibility of this technology under low VOCs concentration, which achieve recovery rates of 99 % for toluene and 95 % for methanol, respectively.

Utility of automated data transfer for cancer clinical trials.

e23011 Background: The burden of data collection on site staff for cancer clinical trials is steadily increasing, and inefficiencies in data entry into electronic data capture (EDC) systems lead to poor data quality and delays in reporting. Software that facilitates automated transfer of mapped structured data from the electronic health record (EHR) to the study EDC system can help to address these challenges. We examined the impact of multi-site usage of an embedded point and click EHR-to-EDC tool on study data capture across multiple cancer clinical trials. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of usage of an EHR-to-EDC tool among research teams at 3 Academic Medical Centers (AMCs) for 4 industry-sponsored Phase 1 cancer clinical trials from the start of use of the tool at each AMC to a cutoff date of 12/31/23. We assessed the types and volume of structured data accessible via FHIR APIs and amenable for transfer (“mapped”) across protocols, the volume of data transferred per protocol, and the time for data transfer, defined as time from case report form (CRF) launch to submission in EDC and time spent in the software application overall. Descriptive statistics were generated for all study metrics. Results: During the 10 month observation period, the EHR-to-EDC tool was used by 8 users to transfer data for 25 patients enrolled across the 4 protocols. Table 1 shows the percentage of total CRF forms mapped and breakdown of proportion of mapped fields per protocol. Overall, 8,597 individual data points (87% labs, 10% vitals and 3% concomitant medications) were pushed for 718 unique CRF submissions. The average number of individual data points and unique CRF submissions per patient were as follows: 400 and 36 (Study A), 420 and 36 (Study B), 251 and 16 (Study C), 270 and 21 (Study D). The average total time spent in the tool per CRF submission was 2.16 minutes (range 1.17-7.00 minutes, inclusive of potential inactive time, application launch and data search). The average time to complete a CRF was 46 seconds (range 15-65 seconds). Conclusions: Use of EHR-to-EDC software facilitated efficient automated transfer of a high volume of study data due to EDC-required repeat use of mapped CRF forms. The impact appeared consistent across protocols, with dozens of unique CRF submissions and hundreds of individual data points pushed per patient for each study. Time for CRF completion was low and uniform across users. This study supports the growing adoption of EHR-to-EDC technology among sites and sponsors, and highlights the evolving potential to further improve and facilitate clinical trial data entry, as tool capabilities are developed beyond structured fields to enable unstructured data capture and transfer. [Table: see text]

L12 nanoparticle-strengthened CoNi-based superalloy with ultrahigh yield stress developed using CALPHAD method

In this study, a Co-30Ni-10Ti-2Ta-3Al (30Ni3Al) alloy with high γ′ phase dissolution temperature (1215°C), excellent mechanical properties, and low density (8.46 g/cm3) was developed based on the thermodynamic database of Co-based high-temperature alloys established by our group. Compositional design and microstructure control were achieved through the utilization of thermodynamic phase diagrams and phase fractions. It is found that the addition of 2 at.% Ta significantly improves the γ′ phase fraction and solvus while maintaining a suitable working window. However, a rafting trend of γ′ phase was observed as heat treatment for a long time at 750°C. By introducing 3 at.% Al and 30 at.% Ni into the optimized Co-10Ti-2Ta master alloy, the rafting of the γ′ phase was effectively suppressed. Benefiting from the fine, stable, high volume fraction γ′/γ microstructure, the 30Ni3Al alloy demonstrates compressive yield strengths of approximately 1487±7 MPa and 1319±13 MPa at room temperature and 600°C, respectively. The superb mechanical property at high temperatures can be attributed to the work-hardening effect resulting from the interactions of superattice stacking faults in γ′ phase.

Intravenous fluid therapy in hospitalized adult dengue patients without shock: Impact on subsequent severe dengue and potential adverse effects.

There is a lack of evidence on the optimal administration of intravenous (IV) fluids in hospitalized adult dengue patients without compensated and hypotensive shock. This study utilized a well-established cohort of dengue patients to compare risks of progressing to severe dengue (SD) over time for patients who were administered IV fluid versus others who were not. We included adult patients (n = 4781) who were hospitalized for dengue infection from 2005 to 2008. Cases were patients who developed SD (n = 689) and controls were patients who did not up until discharge (n = 4092). We estimated the hazardratios (HRs) and risk of SD over time between groups administered different volumes of IV fluids versus the no IV fluid comparison group using Cox models with time-dependent covariates. The doubly-robust estimation approach was used to control for the propensity of fluid administration given clinical characteristics of patients. Subgroup analyses by age, sex, and dengue warning signs before IV fluid administration were conducted. High (>2000 mL/day) IV fluids volume was associated with a higher risk of development of SD for those who had warning signs (HR: 1.77 [1.05-2.97], p: 0.0713) and for those below 55 years old (HR: 1.53 [1.04-2.25], p: 0.0713). Low (<1000 mL/day) IV fluids volume was protective against SD for patients without warning signs (HR: 0.757 [0.578-0.990], p: 0.0883), no lethargy (HR: 0.770 [0.600-0.998], p: 0.0847), and females (HR: 0.711 [0.516-0.980], p: 0.0804). Over the course of hospitalization, there were no significant differences in IV fluid administration and SD risk in most subgroups, except in those who experienced lethargy and were administered IV fluid volume or quantity. Administering high volumes of IV fluids may be associated with an increased risk of SD during hospitalization for adult dengue patients without shock. Judicious use of IV fluids as supportive therapy is warranted.

Modifying the gastric tumor microenvironment with tadalafil: A transcriptomic analysis of immune signatures from underserved patients of southern Arizona.

e16104 Background: Gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide with significant morbidity and mortality. Recently, southern Arizona has seen a concerning surge in incidence of GAC due to ineffective H. pylori screening and treatment. Moreover, peri-operative chemotherapy treatment in stage IB-III GAC represents an area of unmet need for new targets. Our center serves a catchment area that is 40% Hispanic and sees a high volume of GAC patients, making this our research focus. Our preclinical work in Helicobacter infected mice showed a subset of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) expressing Schlafen4 (SLFN4) concurrently with gastric metaplasia, a GAC precursor. SLFN4+ MDSCs exhibit robust transcriptional signatures associated with type I interferon(IFN-I) inducible genes, coupled with T cell suppressor function. Pharmacological inhibition via phosphodiesterase (PDE) 5,6 inhibitor sildenafil resulted in the suppression of SLFN4, reversal of T cell suppression, and mitigation of metaplasia. This is the first clinical study aimed to characterize SLFN12L, the human ortholog of mouse SLFN4, and to analyze the neoplastic and immune signatures in GAC before and after PDE5 inhibition with tadalafil. Methods: Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we examined tissues from GAC patients enrolled in a "Window of Opportunity" study (NCT05709574). The patients receive tadalafil (20mg) for 14 days, followed by combined tadalafil and FLOT (5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and docetaxel) for 8 weeks. Gastric tissue and blood samples were collected i) before treatment, ii) after 14 days of tadalafil, and iii) after 8 weeks of combined treatment. We have enrolled 3 Hispanic patients to date with ongoing enrollment. Results: Tumors exhibited responses as per radiologic and pathologic criteria. In contrast to SLFN4, primarily expressed in myeloid cells, SLFN12L was found in most CD14+T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. A prominently activated and expanded myeloid population expressing SLFN12L was identified in the gastric mucosa of GAC patients. These cells exhibited transcriptional signatures associated with IFN-I signaling and immunosuppressive activities, diminishing after tadalafil treatment. Within GAC tissue, a notable increase in exhausted T cells and regulatory T cells was observed, decreasing after tadalafil. Post-tadalafil testing showed tissue PDE5/6 inhibition and higher plasma cGMP. Effector T cells exhibited an upward trend following tadalafil, suggesting a reduction in tumor immunosuppression. Conclusions: Preliminary data of this ongoing study show that tadalafil treatment combined with FLOT, has the potential to decrease SLFN12L+ MDSC, to attenuate their immunosuppression, and potentially inhibit tumor progression. The trial is active and further analysis will be presented in due course.

P‐107: High‐Resolution Periodic Patterning for Volume Manufacturing on +300mm Size Substrates Using Displacement Talbot Lithography

The photonic device market has a need for low‐cost, high‐resolution periodic patterning that scales with product maturity to large substrate sizes. Eulitha's DTL (Displacement Talbot Lithography) technology was limited to only a single exposure field per substrate on preexisting platforms which can fully pattern 100 and 150mm substrates. The new ‘PhableS' is Eulitha's step‐and‐repeat solution to bring all the advantages of the DTL patterning to larger substrates.The PhableS tool builds on Eulitha's patented displacement Talbot lithography technology to open the way for customers to fully scale to high volume production. This tool retains the strong technical performance; including 60nm half pitch resolution (DUV version), 140x140mm2 single shot exposure field, large depth of focus (hundreds of microns), high throughput (+40wph), non‐contact, mask‐based patterning. Automated wafer and mask handling support industry expected repeatability and defect‐free patterning.