With the development of modern technologies, diagnosing genetic diseases is not very difficult. The main difficulty is the assumption of the presence of a mutation when there are no ophthalmoscopic signs or functional disorders. Fundamental research into the morphology of the posterior pole of the eyeball in children has serious applied significance. Detection of the disease in the early stages allows young patients to receive high-quality and timely treatment, maintaining a high quality of life. Purpose of the study: to identify the morphological features of the macula in children. A retrospective analysis of optical coherence tomography materials was carried out on 24 children aged 4 to 12 years (average age 9.1 ± 2.5 years). All children had high visual functions; there were no hereditary eye diseases in their parents or family. The study was carried out on an Optovue RTVue XR Avanti Sistem device using standard Retina Map and 3D Retina programs. Conclusions: Intravital anatomy of the posterior pole of the eyeball can be qualitatively and quantitatively described using optical coherence tomography. With increasing age, the thickness of the retina in the central zone of the macula increases, and in the area of the retinal eminence decreases. The anatomical shape of the macula area does not change throughout childhood. Keywords: macula, human anatomy, age characteristics, individual approach