Higher Secondary School Research Articles

A study to assess the effectiveness of self-instructional module on knowledge regarding prevention of urinary tract infection among adolescent girls in selected higher secondary school, Kerala

A study to assess the effectiveness of self-instructional module on knowledge regarding prevention of urinary tract infection among adolescent girls in selected higher secondary school, Kerala

Awareness and availability of social media among higher secondary school students of Haryana

Awareness and availability of social media among higher secondary school students of Haryana

Emotional and Behavioral Problems Among Higher-grade Students

The current study investigates emotional and behavioral disorders among students in higher grades, focusing on both private and public sector schools. Moreover, the research is conducted in two phases that involve translation and validation of an assessment instrument, followed by administration to a sample of 406 students between the ranges of 13-18 years of age. In phase one, the instrument was translated and the translated version was administered to a sample N = 20. The effectiveness of items within the instruments was addressed and the scale exhibited good internal consistency and reliability. For the main study, the Problem with School Children Scale (PWSCS) was administered to a sample of 406 students with ages ranging from 13 to 18 years. Multiple regression and independent t-tests were used to analyze the data. The result showed that secondary high school students exhibited higher emotional problems as compared to behavioral problems. The finding also revealed that students from private schools face higher levels of emotional and behavioral problems compared to those from government schools. This study also revealed that demographic variables (socioeconomic status and family structure) did not significantly predict emotional and behavioral problems positively, while other demographic variables (gender, illness, and school type) did not significantly predict emotional and behavioral problems negatively among secondary high school students. These results highlight the significance of addressing emotional and behavioral issues among higher-grade students and recommend the importance of targeted interventions in both sectors.

From Screens to Minds: The Connection Between Cyberbullying, Psychological Well‐Being, and the Mediating Role of Perceived Social Support in High School Students

Introduction: Bullying has become a growing concern among adolescents, particularly in the context of cyberbullying, where electronic devices are used to harass others. Understanding the distinct roles of cyberbullies and victims of cyberbullying in relation to various consequences on psychological well‐being is crucial. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the mediating role of perceived social support in explaining the relationship between cyberbullying and the psychological well‐being of secondary high school students.Method: This study employed a cross‐sectional design, in high school students (aged 15–18 years) in Isfahan city, Iran, in 2021. A stratified sampling method was used to select 1051 students. Data were collected through a checklist and three cyberbullying psychological well‐being and perceived social support questionnaires. Considering that the purpose of the study was to examine a set of dependency relationships, the data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), Mplus, and Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) softwares and the structural equation method was applied.Results: The results revealed a significant negative relationship between cyberbullying, psychological well‐being, and all its dimensions, except for autonomy and positive relationship with others. Conversely, a positive and significant relationship was observed between cyberbullying victims and psychological well‐being, except for purpose in life dimension. Additionally, there was a negative and significant relationship between cyberbullying, cyber victimization, and perceived social support, including its dimensions. Furthermore, perceived social support was found to mediate the relationship between cyberbullying and psychological well‐being significantly.Conclusion: The study highlights that high school students involved in cyberbullying and cyber victimization are susceptible to a decline in their psychological well‐being. Therefore, it is imperative for parents, teachers, and education officials to understand the role of social support to mitigate the negative impacts of cyberbullying in adolescents.

The Effect of Implementing Flipped Reading Comprehension Classroom in Indonesian Secondary High School During Covid-19 Pandemic

The Effect of Implementing Flipped Reading Comprehension Classroom in Indonesian Secondary High School During Covid-19 Pandemic

Achieving Academic Success Through Fostering Career Planning of Nepalese Higher Secondary Students

Background: High school students often view career planning as a task for college, but initiating this process during high school is crucial for continuous self-discovery. This approach aims to enable citizens to navigate the complexities of the ever-changing labor market effectively.Method: Descriptive and exploratory research methodologies, strategically chosen to identify problems and illuminate current marketing conditions and practices within the realm of higher secondary schools. The target population encompasses all higher secondary schools and their students in Kathmandu Valley, with a sample of 25 colleges selected using a convenience sampling method.Result: The findings of the study exhibited noteworthy consistencies in responses across different demographic groups, thus providing a basis for generalization among the target audience. The study highlighted that a career is a composite outcome of job-related experiences acquired throughout an individual's professional journey. Furthermore, the research underscored the dynamic nature of career planning, which continuously adapts to the rapid changes in the global economy. The evolving landscape of career planning places a strong emphasis on career building, with the overarching goal of assisting individuals in developing resilience and self-reliance.Conclusion: This study emphasized the importance of maintaining a harmonious balance between work and life roles, recognizing the significance of holistic career development in the contemporary socio-economic context.

Fostering a Peaceful Tomorrow - Investigating the Impact of Yoga on Exam Stress in Higher Secondary Level Students of Meerut District

This research endeavors to explore the impact of yoga on exam stress among higher secondary level students in Meerut District, with the overarching goal of contributing to a more peaceful tomorrow. The study holds significance in its dual focus: identifying various training schedules suitable for school students and evaluating stress levels experienced by secondary school students. The research design encompasses a total of 20 girls and 20 boys from higher secondary schools in Meerut District, establishing a controlled environment for in-depth analysis. Among these participants, 10 girls and 10 boys have been deliberately assigned to both control and experimental groups. The investigation aims to ascertain the efficacy of yoga interventions in mitigating exam-related stress, with potential implications for educational practices and policies. By assessing stress levels and introducing tailored yoga interventions, the study aspires to contribute valuable insights that can positively impact the mental well-being and academic performance of higher secondary-level students. This research serves as a stepping stone toward fostering a more serene educational environment, ultimately contributing to the cultivation of a peaceful tomorrow.

Perceived Gender wise Judgement of NETs on English Language Errors

The purpose of this study entitled 'Perceived Gender wise Judgement of English Language Errors' was to evaluate and determine the gravity of English language errors in terms of acceptability and intelligibility by the native English speaking teachers. Quantitative research methodology was utilized in this study. An error evaluation questionnaire consisting of 100 questions which were collected from the works of the higher secondary school level students was prepared with a Likert scale survey. The questionnaire was mailed to the teachers of colleges and universities of the native English speaking countries and 100 useable surveys were received electronically for a response rate of 50%, which is a good response rate for a mail survey. Received responses were analyzed using an SPSS programme and explained descriptively. The result of the study revealed that country wise native English speaking teachers judge the ESL errors alike in acceptability judgement whereas in intelligibility judgement, female teachers are found to judge the errors slightly ahead by 3.49%. Overall, both these sub-groups of teachers have perceived the errors almost similar. Moreover, the results reveal that out of the five country English speaking teachers, Australian male teachers have shown their most severity in evaluation of errors and the New Zealander teachers employed lenient patterns in their evaluation patterns. Likewise, the most severe male teachers are the Australian teachers (77.55%/58.78%) and the most severe female teachers are the New Zealander (70.96%) and American (70.12%/56.13%) teachers whereas the most lenient male teachers are the Canadian teachers (56.62%/44.10%) and the most lenient female teachers are the Australian (65.98%) and Canadian (50.84%) teachers. It is recommended that the native English speaking teachers’ evaluation of the learner errors should direct to formulate a common error evaluation pattern which can be utilized in the classrooms so that the teachers of English become aware of such universal rating scales of the ESL errors.

Post COVID shift in BMI with special reference to dietary and behavioural pattern among adolescents: a school based study

Background: Covid-19 was a life altering pandemic leading to children getting restricted indoors with online education. This led to a change in dietary and socio-behavioral pattern. Aim were to assess change in post-Covid BMI in comparison to pre-Covid BMI among adolescents and to determine post-Covid dietary and sleeping habits, screen time, physical activity, psycho-behavioral pattern using a structured questionnaire. Methods: This study was conducted among 108 adolescent and mother dyads studying in a higher secondary school, during November 2022 to March 2023 using a pre-structured questionnaire. Anthropometry measurements were taken and compared with pre-Covid data available in the medical records. Using SPSS 21, analysis was done and association determined using Chi square test (p<0.05 significant). Results: M:F ratio was 1:0.9. Among dietary pattern compared to pre-Covid 54.6% had increase quantity of food intake, of which 83.05% had increase consumption of JUNCS. 68.5% reported disturbances in sleep pattern. Increase in screen time for non-academic is 74% and 51.9% for academic purposes. 49% preferred leisure activity, 25% preferred moderate and 25.9% preferred vigorous physical activity. 60.1% experienced signs of anxiety. On comparison of pre and post-Covid BMI showed that there was an increase in overweight from 22.2% to 37.9% and obesity from 2.8% to 6.5% and was statistically significant. Conclusions: There were significant changes in the lifestyle pattern with a double fold increase in overweight and obesity in the post-Covid assessment. This is an eyeopener regarding future burden of non-communicable disease and a warning to impart healthy lifestyle.

Comparison of Life Skills between Intercollegiate Athletes and Non-Athletes of Government Girls Higher Secondary Schools of District Mardan, Pakistan

This study aimed to compare the life skills about interpersonal relationship skills, stress management skills, and decision-making skills amongst intercollegiate athletes and non-athletes of government girls’ higher secondary schools in district Mardan, Pakistan. The researcher followed a descriptive survey research design to meet the set objectives of the study. girl athletes and non-athletes from Government Higher Secondary schools of District, Mardan with age range 15-21 years of class 9th, 10th, 1st year, and 2nd year constituted the target population for the current study. A close-ended adapted questionnaire University of Pretoria (South Africa) using a Likert scale from “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree” was used to collect the required information from the participants consisting of girls’ athletes and non-athletes from government higher secondary schools of district, Mardan. A total of 568 questionnaires were administered among the participants and 468 questionnaires with (an 82.39%) ratios were received back. For an inclusive assessment of life skills, different attributes were labeled to each life skill, whereas all 34 items were assigned to 04 skills in the questionnaire. The collected data were properly tabulated and processed through descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The findings of the study indicated that sport has produced a positive role in the development of life skills among athletes as compared with non-athletes. This finding can be helpful for those who intend to develop and promote the sport in their respective areas. It has been concluded that participants acknowledged the role that sport has essential in the development of life skills such as interpersonal relationships (2.90), stress management (2.37), decision making (2.66), and problem-solving skills (2.49). However, it was noticed that urban school athletes produced a higher mean score on one life skill such as interpersonal relationships (2.93) and the rest of life skills mean scores are lower. It is recommended that school sports participation of girls may be ensured/enhanced to develop and promote the positive life skills necessary for products as well as a dynamic role in society.

Electric Signals in Machine Learning Using AppInventor and Arduino

Recent developments in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have introduced machine learning and its applications into everyday life. As technology becomes increasingly integrated into the educational system, researchers are focused on developing tools that allow students to interact with machine learning in a way that sparks their curiosity and teaches them essential concepts. Our instructional proposal, titled “Electric Signals in Machine Learning Using App Inventor,” focuses on applying learning, transfer, and classification models of audio spectrograms to teach students in the first year of high Secondary school (A’ Lyceum) fundamental concepts of machine learning. This is accomplished using MIT App Inventor and Arduino’s visual programming environments. Students will use the website “Personal Audio Classifier” to train an audio model and App Inventor to connect computer science and machine learning. In addition, with the aid of the Arduino microcontroller, students will engage in visualising Morse code signals and investigating Physical Computing, allowing them to create digital solutions that connect to the real world.

Physiological impact of Tabata exercise on cardiometabolic and cardiorespiratory parameters in transgender people of Multan.

To investigate factors directly related to cardiometabolic and cardiorespiratory fitness in transgender people. The cross-sectional, experimental study was conducted at the Government Girls Comprehensive Higher Secondary School, Multan, Pakistan, from January to February 2023, after approval from the ethics review committee of the Muhammad Institute of Medical and Allied Sciences, Multan, and comprised transgender people aged 17-28 years. Data was collected using the physical activity readiness questionnaire. All the participants were subjected to Tabata sessions for 4 weeks. Standard cardiometabolic and cardiorespiratory fitness values were noted at baseline and post-intervention. Data was analysed using SPSS 23. Of the 44 participants, 26(59%) were trans-men, 18(40.9%) were trans-women, 16(36.3%) were aged 17-19 years, and 10(22.7%) had other transgender individuals in their families. Cardiorespiratory and cardiometabolic parameters showed significant improvement post-intervention compared to baseline values (p<0.05). Tabata exercises were found to be useful in maintaining cardiorespiratory and cardiometabolic parameters as well in increasing the participants' motor performance.

Assessing Secondary High School Student Needs for Descriptive Texts Concerning Climate Change

Addressing Indonesia's vulnerability to climate-related disasters, this study explores the development of English reading materials on climate change for secondary high school students. The goal is to tailor these materials to the students' specific needs, considering their English proficiency levels and the challenges they face in reading comprehension. Through a mixed-method approach involving questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, the study captures insights from students, English teachers, and stakeholders. The findings highlight the critical role of English in students' future careers. However, most students are beginners in English, and they experience significant difficulties in understanding reading materials. There is a clear need for descriptive texts that are accessible at their English level and integrate climate change topics relevant to their context. The study identifies a gap in current educational resources, emphasizing the necessity of incorporating climate change content in a manner that both informs and is comprehensible to students. In conclusion, this study advocates for the creation of supplementary descriptive texts about climate change, customized to align with the students' linguistic abilities and educational curriculum. This initiative aims not only to enhance students' English skills but also to increase their awareness and understanding of crucial environmental issues.

Investigating science teachers’ technology integration in classrooms. A case study of a private higher secondary school in Karachi, Pakistan

Investigating science teachers’ technology integration in classrooms. A case study of a private higher secondary school in Karachi, Pakistan

EFFECT OF YOGA BASED INTERVENTION ON ACADEMIC ANXIETY AMONG ADOLESCENT IN RELATION TO GENDER AND TYPE OF FAMILY

The aim of the study is to examine the effects of yogic intervention on academic anxiety among adolescents in relation to gender and type of family. For this study, 80 students with ages ranging from 13 to 18 years were selected. They consisted of 40 boys and 40 girls, as well as 40 adolescents who belonged to joined a family and 40 who belonged to a nuclear family. All of them were from Navjeevan Higher Secondary School in Baroda, Gujarat. A pre- and post-singal group study was conducted. The Academic Anxiety Scale( Atieq UI Rehman and M. Abid Siddiqui) was administered to assess the level of academic anxiety. The total number of 44 items on this scale In this study, random sampling was used. Signed informed consent was obtained from all the participants before starting the study. A three-month yoga programme included 55-minute yoga sessions five days a week. The obtained data were analysed using a paired t-test. A significant difference was found in the level of academic anxiety when the pre-data was compared with the post-data. Results revealed that yogic intervention is important to reduce academic anxiety. We conclude that yoga practice enhances students mental health and promotes holistic wellness based on our findings. We recommend further research in this field.

ChatGPT: Towards Educational Technology Micro-Level Framework

The study explores the role of ChatGPT in the development of a micro-level framework for Educational Technology (EdTech). This study employed an inductive research design particularly a Constructivist Grounded Theory (CGT) approach from thirty-four private secondary high school teachers in the Philippines. To gather insights from specific participants, a semi-structured interview format was utilized. The instrument went through face validation from two experts well-versed in education research, instrumentation, and three-stage prompts. In addition, using JAMOVI software, Fleiss’ Kappa was used with a value of 0.715 indicating a substantial agreement among the expert validators. The interviews were designed to be open-ended, allowing for a flexible exploration of the research topic then subjected for data analysis with the aid of QDA Miner lite software. The findings revealed three (3) distinct milieux: pedagogical support, professional development, and ethical sense. In the (a) pedagogical support milieu, ChatGPT emerges as a virtual compass, offering real-time assistance, explanations, and guidance for teachers. It demonstrates the capability to answer questions, clarify concepts, and provide step-by-step support, crafted to individual students’ needs and learning styles; within the (b) redesigning milieu, it serves as a catalyst for adapting and recalibrating assessment and teaching strategies to suit learning purpose; and (c) ethical sense milieu highlights various implications, including data privacy, plagiarism, transparency, accountability, and overly reliant to the AI tool. Thus, this paper offers a micro-level framework anchored to the ChatGPT’s role in EdTech and aims to stimulate further scholarly discourse in the field.

Unraveling the Layers of Inequality Among Chinese International High School Students

China's education system encompasses both regular and international high schools, catering to students seeking a global education experience. However, the association of international education with high costs raises concerns about educational inequality. This essay delves into the problem of educational inequality within Chinese international secondary high schools, employing an interdisciplinary socio-political perspective that considers both economic and cultural factors. Drawing upon Michael Sandel's educational theory and Pierre Bourdieu's examination of cultural capital and habitus, this research identifies two primary factors contributing to educational inequality. Firstly, regional wealth disparities and economic differences among individuals can result in unequal access to international education opportunities. Secondly, differences in the possession and utilization of cultural capital among students attending Chinese international schools further exacerbate these inequalities. Despite these challenges, the analysis highlights the potential for resolution. Collaboration between governments, schools, and individuals is essential to build a more equitable international education landscape. Policymakers may focus on providing financial support and scholarships to economically disadvantaged students, ensuring that no student is denied access based on financial constraints. Moreover, schools can implement inclusive admission practices and bridge programs to support students from diverse backgrounds. Emphasizing cultural competence within the curriculum can also help minimize cultural capital disparities and promote a more inclusive learning environment. Ultimately, by acknowledging and addressing the underlying factors that contribute to educational inequality, Chinese international high schools can become catalysts for positive change and provide a level playing field for students aspiring to gain a global education experience.

A Research to Evaluate Planned Teaching's Efficacy Program about the Awareness of Substance Abuse and Its Negative Impacts among Adolescents in a Selected Higher Secondary School in Sihora, Jabalpur (Dist.)

A Research to Evaluate Planned Teaching's Efficacy Program about the Awareness of Substance Abuse and Its Negative Impacts among Adolescents in a Selected Higher Secondary School in Sihora, Jabalpur (Dist.)

Knowledge and Attitude toward Antibiotic Use and Identification of Financially Feasible Options to Curb the Spread of Antibiotics in Environment.

A survey on antibiotic literacy in terms of the use and abuse of antibiotics to track and understand antibiotic consumption is crucial to optimize the use of antibiotics and minimizing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Purposive random sampling, using the snow-ball questionnaire technique, was adopted to ensure that the respondents distributed across India, coming from rural and urban settings, were adolescents as well as adults and had completed at least the higher secondary school level of education. Respondents were divided into five subcategories. The questionnaire was distributed between April 2021 and July 2021, during the second COVID-19 wave in India. The survey questionnaire included 34 questions, comprising multiple-choice and 5-point Likert scale-type questions. This study composed of 972 respondents. Most respondents considered antibiotics safe and frequently failed to discriminate between the symptoms of bacterial and viral infections, most often leading to self-prescription. About 34% of the rural participants and 50% of the urban participants considered antibiotic resistance a serious health concern. Antibiotic prescriptions by the medical or paramedical practitioner were largely empirical. At least 95% of participants acknowledged having heard about antibiotics; nearly 20% of antibiotic consumption came from nonprescription users, while 30% had not completed their antibiotic therapy for a variety of reasons. Sixty-two percent consumed antibiotics to treat cold and flu symptoms. Results from the survey suggest the presence of a crucial gap between the respondents' perception of antibiotics and levels of information regarding antibiotic use and misuse. The present study may serve as a benchmark that strongly recommends a financially feasible policy, which includes educating society regarding the spread of AMR and its severe consequences by incorporating AMR into the curriculum at the levels of senior secondary school and higher education.

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of central obesity/pre-central obesity and influencing factors in Jilin Province

Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of central obesity and pre-central obesity and influencing factors in residents in Jilin Province, and provide reference for the prevention and control of central obesity and pre-central obesity. Methods: Based on the results of early screening and comprehensive intervention program in high-risk groups of cardiovascular disease in Jilin dyring 2017-2018, a total of 11 903 participants aged 35-75 years in 6 project areas in Jilin were included as the survey subjects for physical examination, laboratory test and questionnaire survey. The prevalence of central obesity and pre-central obesity in populations with different characteristic and health status were analyzed by χ2 test, trend χ2 test, F-test. Multivariate logistic regression model was used for influencing factor analysis. Results: The central obesity rate was 33.35% (3 970/11 903), the standardized rate was 31.73%, the pre-central obesity rate was 28.79% (3 427/11 903), the standardized rate was 28.86%. Multifactor analysis results showed that being rural resident (OR=1.99, 95%CI: 1.78-2.23), being woman (OR=1.76, 95%CI: 1.57-1.97), 65-75 years old (OR=1.21, 95%CI: 1.03-1.45), senior high school and technical secondary school education level (OR=1.38, 95%CI: 1.17-1.63), annual family income >100 000 yuan (OR=1.65, 95%CI: 1.20-2.26), overweight (OR=9.27, 95%CI: 8.26-10.41), obesity (OR=82.82, 95%CI: 62.63-109.52), normal high blood pressure (OR=1.49, 95%CI: 1.27-1.74), hypertension (OR=1.70, 95%CI: 1.42-2.04), diabetes (OR=2.30, 95%CI: 1.94-2.73), dyslipidemia (OR=1.33, 95%CI: 1.18-1.50) were positively related to the risk for central obesity and pre central obesity. Conclusions: The prevalence rates of central obesity and pre central obesity in residents in Jilin were at high levels, being rural resident, being woman, older age, senior high school and technical secondary school education level, high income, overweight and obesity, normal high blood pressure and hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia were risk factors for central obesity and pre-central obesity in Jilin.