High Level Of Responsibility Research Articles

Stress-Inducing Factors vs. the Risk of Occupational Burnout in the Work of Nurses and Paramedics.

Introduction: Contemporary healthcare faces new challenges and expectations from society. The profession of a nurse, as well as a paramedic, is essential for the efficient functioning of healthcare. It has its importance not only in promoting and preserving health but also in prevention. With the increasing importance of providing medical care at the highest level, it is expected of these two professional groups to have more knowledge and skills than a few years earlier. The daily contact with patients and their families, the low level of control of the environment, the hierarchical system of professional dependence, and the dissatisfaction with remuneration are becoming extremely burdensome aspects of the nursing and paramedic professions. Long-term exposure to stressors associated with these medical professions may, in the long term, lead to the emergence of occupational burnout syndrome. The aim of this study is an attempt to answer the question of whether and how stress factors affect the occurrence of occupational burnout in the work of nurses and paramedics working in various medical entities. Material and Methods: The study covered a group of 434 respondents, including 220 nurses and 214 paramedics, working professionally in hospital departments and care and treatment facilities as well as in hospital emergency departments and ambulance services. The study was carried out using a diagnostic survey based on the questionnaire technique using the authors’ questionnaire and the standardized MBI Ch. Maslach. Two statistical values were used to statistically analyze the research results and verify the adopted hypotheses: the chi-square test and the Student’s t-test. Results and Conclusions: The current study showed that the phenomenon of occupational burnout among the studied group affects only nurses, while this problem does not apply to the studied paramedics. The main stressor among the nurses and paramedics is, above all, a very high level of responsibility. Nurses are overburdened by excessive demands and shift work, while paramedics are mostly burdened by an excess of duties. Both nurses and paramedics claim that their work is often stressful, which leads to physical and mental exhaustion.

The burnout syndrome in a woman lawyer in the city of Manaus

This article is part of a master’s thesis presented at the Universidad Europea del Atlántico that dealt with a field research that investigated: The burnout syndrome in a lawyer from the city of Manaus, and had as a problem: what are the effects of the burnout syndrome in women lawyer from the city of Manaus? Its general objective was to analyze the cases of syndrome of female lawyers in the city of Manaus, seeking to understand its effects on the daily life of the same. Five women were interviewed who had presented the problem in the last 2 years in the city of Manaus, State of Amazonas, Brazil. The results indicate that the therapeutic approach is multimodal and is based on recommendations for the psychosomatic management of functional somatic syndromes, complemented by interventions related to the work situation. It is concluded that Burnout among female lawyers has been little studied. The main burnout factors of the investigated workers are: professional factors and a high level of responsibility.

Activity of Muscovites in the Urban Environment: The Role of the Responsibility Factor

The article examines the role of responsibility of residents of a metropolis as a resource for their social activity aimed at ensuring the well-being of the urban environment. This problem is investigated by the authors on the example of Moscow residents. The study involved Muscovites (N = 359) aged 18-75 living in different administrative districts of the city. The following methods were used: questionnaires composed by the authors to identify the type of responsibility of the citizens and their readiness for active participation in the life of the city; value orientation technique by E.B. Fantalova; and set of questions about socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents. The first stage consisted in (1) dividing the respondents into three groups according to different levels of responsibility; (2) determining the direction of responsibility in these groups; (3) identifying the relationship between value orientations and indicators of responsibility; and (4) describing the readiness of the respondents with different levels of responsibility to take an active part in the life of their city. At the second stage, based on the data of regression analysis, the authors show the role of responsibility as a predictor of the activity of the respondents to improve living conditions in their city. It is found that the levels of responsibility for what is happening in their city in the three groups of the respondents differ mainly in the severity of their internal/external judgments or their pessimistic/optimistic moods regarding belief in their own strengths, willingness of other people to support initiatives, and positive/negative expectations of changes in urban life, subject to the active participation of all citizens in any transformations or events. Based on the results of the age analysis of the sample, it is concluded that young people are poorly represented in the group with a high level of responsibility. Prospects for further research are also outlined.

TECHNOLOGY OF DETERMINING MOTIVATION RESERVES FOR MANAGEMENT STAFF

In modern crisis conditions, the development and implementation of a mechanism for motivating management staff at enterprise faces a number of complications, the main of which is the lack of financial resources. The purpose of the article is to develop a technology for determining the reserves of motivational influence on the management staff of the enterprise. To achieve this goal, the following methods of scientific research were used: generalization, comparison, analysis and synthesis, the method of expert assessments, the questionnaire method, factor analysis, ranking and the graphic method. Therefore, in order to reduce costs and ensure effective motivation of management staff, it is proposed to identify reserves of motivational influence using the developed technology, which includes methods of factor analysis (identification of latent factors influencing work behavior), assessment of the level of job satisfaction (identification of positions that lag behind the standard) and ranking (arrangement of reserves by degree of influence). The list of motivation factors includes 16 indicators: organizational structuring of work; professional development, acquisition of new knowledge and skills; working conditions; financial incentive (salary and bonuses); power and influence; nature of relations with colleagues; the possibility of success at work; the possibility of career growth; the opportunity to be informed about the company’s affairs, to take part in the resolution of cases; recognition and approval of work results; high level of responsibility; the possibility of creative and personal growth; confidence in the future, guarantee of employment, stability; the nature of the relationship with management; level of work control; transparent assessment of work. The application of the proposed technology at PJSC “Kharkivenergozbut” confirmed the possibility and necessity of its use for determining reserves of motivational influence, and therefore, reducing motivation costs, forming an effective mechanism for motivating management staff.

Competency and clinical mentoring: Perceptions of newly graduated and experienced professional nurses in Lesotho

Clinical mentoring has been the norm to coach new nursing professionals to achieve professional competency. Structured mentoring programmes are effective. However, there is a need for research to understand newly graduated professional nurses’ initial workplace transition. PurposeTo explore and describe the perceptions of newly graduated professional nurses and experienced professional nurses regarding clinical mentorship and competency. Design and methodA qualitative descriptive research design was used. The research population included newly graduated professional nurses and experienced professional nurses working together in two regional hospitals in Lesotho, where most government health projects are piloted. Purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews were used for both groups. Data was analysed through content analysis by categorising data and formulating themes. FindingsTwo categories emerged. Firstly, the perceptions of newly graduated professional nurses describe their experience as newly graduated professional nurses, with four themes, namely a delay in getting employed post-graduating, the need for orientation, taking on a high level of responsibility and the fact that competency levels are influenced by various factors. Secondly, findings from both newly graduated and experienced participants could be divided into three themes with sub-themes, namely: standardisation of nursing competency; safe and cost-effective nursing care; and emphasis on persona and self-efficacy. ConclusionThere is a considerable gap in supporting newly graduated nurses to gain confidence. It is recommended to nurse leaders to plan, restructure, and implement structured clinical mentorship.

Project management system in State bodies from the standpoint of organizational and managerial efficiency

Subject. This article discusses the importance of project management in the activities of public authorities. Objectives. The article aims to determine the current level of development of project management techniques and trends in their progress with the public authorities of the Russian Federation. Methods. For the study, I used general scientific and special research methods. Results. The article describes the advantages of the project management methodology, which can contribute to saving from 20 to 30% of time and from 15 to 20% of the funds spent. Conclusions. The development of a fair system of motivation for project stakeholders, helping ensure a higher level of responsibility, is an important step in the development of project management in the public sector.

ECO-TOURISM AS A STIMULATION FOR TOURISM ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT – THE EXAMPLE OF THE MUCIPALITY OF GEVGELIJA

The purpose of the conducted practical research presented in the paper consists in assessing the real situation from the aspect on the development of the ecotourism in the municipality of Gevgelija and confirmation of the hypothesis that ecotourism sector is a developmental concept that enables achieving sustainable economic development (Butcher,2007). A survey questionnaire consisting of 20 questions has been used. The survey was conducted of 52 respondents in the period from 1.10.2019. until 30.11.2019. on the territory of the Gevgelija. We used programs SPSS, and made Spearman test of correlation rs, and test of Ordinal Regression. The primary goal of the conducted practical research was to assess the willingness of students in the development of ecotourism. The results obtained during the practical research allow to draw conclusions and guidelines that can imply certain behaviours and activities contributing to the development of ecotourism in the Republic of Macedonia and using opportunities for achieving sustainable economic development (Hill, 2009) The basic limitations was number of respondents. The original value of this study is confirmed through the obtained results from the conducted research confirmed the fact that ecotourism as an alternative form for tourism development and a modern concept for achieving sustainable development. Benefits for the local community that are expected from the development of eco tourism include maintenance of biodiversity, benefits for the local population, a high level of responsibility of tourism enterprises and employees working in this sector, and an active role of the local population.

Expert (Medical) Assessment of the Main Patients Complaints with Computer Visual Syndrome

The purpose is to conduct an expert (medical) assessment of the main complaints of patients with symptoms of computer visual syndrome (CVS).Methods: as part of the preliminary stage of work, an individual interview was performed (according to the standard developed methodology) with 100 patients aged 24–36 years, whose professional daily activity (at least 2 years) was characterized as visually-intense work associated with electronic systems displaying information (at least 4 hours a day) and with a fairly high level of responsibility for the final result. During the main stage of the study, a special questionnaire was developed, in which the identified complaints were transformed into questions. The task of the expert — ophthalmologist was to assess the relevance of each of the questions in terms of the severity of the impact on the “quality of life” of the patient. In this case, the assessment was carried out on a 10-point scale, where 0 points — the question is not relevant; 10 points — the question is very relevant. The study involved 96 ophthalmologists aged 41.3 ± 1.6 years (age range from 32 to 62 years) with an average of 17.3 ± 1.4 years of professional experience (range from 6 to 37 years).Results: more pronounced “ocular” manifestations of the CVS were established (mean score — 8.0 ± 0.2, range from 5.0 to 9.4 points, the highest scores for 8 complaints from 8.6 to 9.4 points) compared with “visual” (average score — 6.5 ± 0.2, range from 4.1 to 8.8 points, the highest scores for 5 complaints from 7.8 to 8.8 points). A sufficiently high level of practical significance of “professional” subjective manifestations of the CVS has been established.Conclusion. The obtained data can be basic in the framework of the prospective development of a questionnaire for assessing the “quality of life” of patients with CVS symptoms, since the use of an expert (medical) assessment of identified complaints from the position of the severity of a change in subjective status significantly increases the level of reliability, reliability, as well as meaningful and constructive validity methods of assessing the “quality of life”.

Case-Based Reasoning with an Artificial Neural Network for Decision Support in Situations at Complex Technological Objects of Urban Infrastructure

The article considers the tasks of intellectual support for decision support in relation to a complex technological object. The relevance is determined by a high level of responsibility, together with a variety of possible situations at a complex technological facility. The authors consider case-based reasoning (CBR) as a method for decision support. For a complex technological object, the problem defined is the uniqueness of the situations, which is determined by a variety of elements and the possible environmental influence. This problem complicates the implementation of CBR, especially the stages of comparing situations and a further selection of the most similar situation from the database. As a solution to this problem, the authors consider the use of neural networks. The work examines two neural network architectures. The first part of the research presents a neural network model that builds upon the multilayer perceptron. The second part considers the “Comparator-Adder” architecture. Experiments have shown that the proposed neural network architecture “Comparator-Adder” showed higher accuracy than the multilayer perceptron for the considered tasks of comparing situations. The results have a high level of generalization and can be used for decision support in various subject areas and systems where complex technological objects arise.

Актуальні питання вакцинації медичних працівників

Vaccination is one of the most successful and economically effective measures of the prevention of infectious diseases among all other measures which exist nowadays. The decrease of the level of community immunity leads to the risk of the recurrent disease progressing in adults and teenagers and also the deterioration of epidemiological situation. The issues of the control of infectious diseases among health care professionals have recently become significant. The purpose of the study is to investigate the level of vaccination rate of recipients of the first (Bachelor degree) of higher education in specialty 223 «Nursing», who work in medical institutions and to analyze legal framework of immune prevention of health professionals. Materials and methods. With the help of Google-platform, we conducted a survey among recipients of higher education, who follow online higher education at Educational and Scientific Medical Institute of Poltava State Medical University, who were divided into two groups. Results. All recipients of both two groups received Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine. Recipients of higher education of the 1st group also were vaccinated against hepatitis B virus. Among recipients of the 2nd group this index is high and is 75%. All 12 recipients of higher education of the 2nd group were vaccinated against poliomyelitis and measles, against diphtheria – 11 respondents, 10 and 9 correspondingly against tetanus and rubella. Among 6 responders of the 1st group against measles, rubella, diphtheria and tetanus 4 recipients of higher education were vaccinated, and 5 ones – against poliomyelitis. Members of the 2nd group by 2.5 times are more often vaccinated against seasonal grippe that proves the high level of responsibility for both their health and patients’. All members of the survey confirmed positive attitude to the vaccination. The article has been concerned with the analysis of World Health Organization recommendations, Center for Disease Control and orders of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine about vaccination of medical professionals. Conclusion. Therefore, among respondents, who work in medical institutions, there is enough high level of vaccination rate. Immunological prevention of health care workers is topical one, because they are in the risk group of the vaccination. Considering peculiarities of profession, contact with patients and potentially sick people, health professionals must be vaccinated and be the source of accurate information for patients

Now You See Me, Now You Don’t: A Conceptual Model of the Antecedents and Consequences of Leader Impostorism

Impostorism, a phenomenon whereby a person perceives that the role they occupy is beyond their capabilities and puts them at risk of exposure as a “fake,” has attracted plentiful attention in the empirical literature and popular media. However, despite evidence that impostorism is frequently experienced by people in leadership positions, there has been little consideration of why this happens. In this theoretical article, we explain why formal leadership roles—roles that are characterized by elevated expectations, high visibility, and high levels of responsibility—are fertile ground for impostorism experiences. We also discuss how the associated self-conscious emotions of shame and fear, can increase leaders’ risk-aversion and enhance leader role performance, yet at the same time drive emotional exhaustion, and reduce their motivation to lead. This can ultimately inhibit leaders from seeking, claiming, and thriving in leadership roles. We offer individual-, dyadic-, and organization-level contextual characteristics that can either enhance or reduce this phenomenon. We also discuss how supportive organizations can mitigate leadership impostorism. Furthermore, we highlight how women and minority-status leaders may be more vulnerable to this experience and conclude by suggesting the practical implications of the leader impostorism phenomenon for individuals and organizations.

Experience in effective changing of the tunneling parameters according to the data of automated hydrostatic levels to minimize the impact on the operating section of the Moscow Metro (from the experience of the organization)

Due to the intensive development of the underground space of Moscow and the increasing requirements for environmental protection, there is a need for continuous high-precision monitoring of the settlements of existing structures of normal and higher levels of responsibility. Moreover, if points of observation of the structure are located in an open space, then traditional geodetic methods (using optical levels, tacheometers) cannot ensure the continuity of observations (for example, in case of heavy rain, fog, snowfall or smoke). This, in turn, does not allow us to promptly respond to emergencies and take measures to prevent them. The article discusses the experience of automated real-time monitoring using Monitron hydrostatic leveling system to prevent an emergency during the construction of a collector tunnel with a diameter of 4.0 m under one of the Moscow Metro lines.

Specifics of coping strategies for ethnic differences among freelancers

The article deals with «stress», based on the model of interaction between a person and the environ- ment, as a response to the lack of correspondence between the capabilities of the individual and the requirements of the environment, where R. Lazarus refers to the cognitive model of psychological stress. According to the Lazarus model, stress is considered as a combination of external factors and internal manifestations, as an indirect relationship of a person to a situation. Therefore, this article has studied the features of freelancing, one of the new types of work. The author analyzes the features of new ways of remote employment / self-employment opportunities, in particular, Internet work and its study in other sciences and in psychological science. Various surveys and studies conducted among freelancers show that the main problem is ensuring a constant workload, financial factors, intensive and uneven workload, irregular working hours, working in a multitasking environment, a high level of responsibility, the need to constantly learn and master a variety of related competencies, be constantly on the lookout, manage customer relationships and ensure a continuous workflow. Using the experimental method i.e. The method of the Lazarus coping test investigated the coping strategies of individuals of different ethnic groups engaged in freelancing activities, and also revealed the relationship of the same coping strategies  with the characteristics of the ethnic group of respondents. A mathematical statistical analysis of the results of the study, as well as a discussion, was conducted. A total of 60 respondents (N=60) who are freelancers of the Kazakh ethnic group (N1=30) and freelancers of the Russian ethnic group (N2=30) took part. It was found that between the two ethnic groups there is a specific use of coping strategies and a discussion on the issue was held. Key words: stress, coping, freelancer, ethnos, Internet employment, Mann-Whitney U-test.

Effects of Participating in a Research Project During the COVID-19 Pandemic on Medical Students' Educational Routines and Mental Health: Protocol for a Web-Based Survey Study.

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in social isolation, which has a potential negative impact on the educational routines (eg, the suspension of face-to-face appointments) and mental health of medical students. The Mario Pinotti II (MPII) study is a 24-week observational study that conducted scheduled telephone calls every 2 weeks to verify the occurrence of COVID-19 in patients with rheumatic diseases on chronic hydroxychloroquine therapy (from March 29, 2020, to September 30, 2020). The effects of voluntarily participating in a research project (ie, one that involves interactions via telephone contact with patients, professors, rheumatologists, and colleagues) on the daily lives and mental health of medical students requires evaluation.ObjectiveAs medical students are professionals in training and have a high level of responsibility in terms of handling the emotional and physical aspects of several diseases, this study aims to evaluate the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and participation in the MPII study on the educational routines and mental health of medical students.MethodsA web-based survey was carried out to perform a cross-sectional comparative assessment of medical students who participated in the MPII study and their colleagues who were not involved in the MPII study. Participants from both groups were matched based on sex, age, and medical school. The web questionnaire was developed by a panel composed of graduate medical students, rheumatologists, medical school professors, and a psychology professor. The questionnaire included details on demographic and life habits data and evaluated participants' impressions of the MPII study and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their educational routines and medical training. In addition, depression, anxiety, and stress were evaluated using the Brazilian version of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS)-21, and currently, the DASS-21 scores are grouped as those that indicate a low, moderate, or high risk of mental distress. This project was approved by the Federal University of São Paulo Ethics Committee (CAAE: 34034620.0.0000.5505).ResultsData were collected from both medical student groups from July 20 to August 31, 2020. Data extraction was completed in September 2020. The data analysis is ongoing. We expect the results to be published in the first semester of 2021.ConclusionsThis study will provide insight into the effects of participating in a research project on depression, anxiety, and stress, which will be determined by applying the DASS-21 to a large sample of Brazilian undergraduate medical students. We will also evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical students’ educational routines and medical training.International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/24617

СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫХ СТАНДАРТОВ В ОБЛАСТИ НЕФИНАНСОВОЙ ОТЧЕТНОСТИ И ПРАКТИКА ИХ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ

This article discusses and analyzes the most popular standards of non-financial reporting, which has a significant impact on the transformation of the business environment. Already, domestic and foreign companies with a high level of responsibility are beginning to publish non-financial statements in addition to financial statements, which is an additional tool for communication with stakeholders and a new source of information about their activities. To date, reports of this type are clearly unregulated, there are no verification standards, however, there is already a positive trend and the active introduction of non-financial indicators in the regular reporting of companies.

The subjective view of teachers: the connection between emotional burnout and the quality of the educational process

In Russia, the work of teachers at all levels of the education system is currently subject to increased and often contradictory and frequently changing requirements. Analysis of the literature on the research problem allowed revealing a contradiction between declaring the importance of a teacher’s professional activity, on the one hand, and on the other hand, increasing responsibilities, reporting, psychoemotional tension of pedagogical work, and insufficient interest in the subjective assessment of the current situation by very teachers. The purpose of the present study was to identify the degree of emotional burnout among teachers and the subjective perception by teachers of the relationship between emotional burnout and the quality of the educational process. The study used survey methods, testing using a specially developed form and a Questionnaire to identify the level of professional burnout and deformation, the so-called Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) in the modification of O. Polyakova. The conducted study has shown that the problem of emotional (professional) burnout of teachers exists in educational organizations at all levels. However, the focus of this study has been shifted from the fact of teachers’ emotional burnout to the subjective perception by teachers of their emotional burnout as a predictor of the educational process quality. The study has allowed revealing the severity of emotional (professional) burnout components, such as emotional exhaustion and reduction of personal achievements. Psychoemotional tension, stress, feelings of depression and fatigue, which can be considered as manifestations of professional burnout, are associated by the interviewed teachers with irregular working hours, a significant range of noncore activities, and a high level of responsibility, which, in turn, worsen the quality of the educational and upbringing process.

Особенности научно-технического сопровождения изысканий и проектирования для зданий повышенного уровня ответственности на примере жилого дома в г. Самара

The paper describes the specific features of scientific and technical support of engineering survey and design for a residential building of a high level of responsibility in the city of Samara.

Personal Responsibility in Early Adulthood as a Predictor of Perfectionism and Psychological Well-Being

The article is devoted to the results of a study that revealed significant relationships between responsibility and such phenomena as perfectionism and psychological well-being of the individual. The results of the study allow us to attribute responsibility to the fundamental properties of the individual. The formation of responsible behavior is associated with normal (healthy) perfectionism and a subjective sense of well-being. Low levels of responsibility reveal a link with neurotic perfectionism and personality in General. At the same time, it was found that a high level of responsibility can occur with neurotic perfectionism and a low level of well-being.

Towards a Bipolar World. Book Review of ‘The Second World War and the Transformation of International Relations: From Multipolarity to a Bipolar World’ edited by L.S. Belousov and A.S. Manykin

In 2020 the whole world commemorated the 75th anniversary of the end of World War II — the most horrifi c war in the human history. However, the celebration of the victory over fascism was overshadowed by the growing tension among the leading actors of contemporary international relations. In this context, a high level of responsibility falls on the academic community to rebuff politically motivated attempts to rewrite history and revise the outcomes of this war. The book under review could make an important contribution to that end. The book provides a comprehensive and balanced analysis of the history of World War II. The reviewer emphasizes that rather than providing a detailed examination of military operations the authors focused on their impact on the development of the international relations system. In particular, the book provides a detailed picture of the complex interactions within the strategic triangle — the Soviet Union, the United States, and Great Britain — both during the war and in the years after the war. As a result, the book under review not only provides an opportunity to better understand the key trends in relationships between the Great Powers during the war, but also sheds new light on the origins of the bipolar system and the beginning of the Cold War. The reviewer concludes that, despite sometimes excessively Eurocentric approach of the authors, this book is a seminal work on the history of World War II and a major event for the Russian academic community. As such, this book can be recommended to both professional historians and a wider audience.

Experimental Study of Psychological Conditions of Development of High School Students’ Independence in Planning of the Professional Prospects

The purpose of this article is to highlight results of the experimental study of the psychological conditions of development of high school students’ independence in planning of the professional prospects. The following methods of the research were used: theoretical: theoretical and methodological analysis, systematization of scientific literature of the investigated problem; empirical: testing by «Methodology for the study of the professional identity status» (A. Azbel, A. Gretsov); «Multidimensional functional diagnostics of responsibility» (V. Priadein); «The style of self-regulation of behavior» (V. Morosanova); «Diagnosis of personality self-activation» (M. Odintsova, N. Radchikova); mathematical and statistical methods for experimental data processing based on the IBM SPSS-20 program (descriptive statistics, Spearman’s correlation analysis). The results of the research. Using theoretical analysis, psychological conditions of development of high school students’ independence in planning of the professional prospects have been determined: personal activity, developed self-regulation, high level of responsibility. The research of the independence manifestation in professional prospects planning has shown that most respondents are in the process of solving the problem of choosing a profession; their ideas about the professional future are imposed from the outside and are not the result of independent choice. The research of the psychological conditions has shown that a significant number of the studied adolescents are characterized by high and average levels of personal activity. It has been established that among respondents, the awareness of behavior self-regulation in professional prospects planning is manifested mainly at an average level, that is, the need for conscious planning and programming of their behavior is not completely formed, they depend on the situation and the opinions of people around them. The majority of the respondents have shown a neutral manifestation of responsibility.Conclusions. According to the results of the study, the noted psychological conditions of development of high school students’ independence in planning of the professional prospects have been statistically proved.