High Levels Of Vitamin Research Articles

Abstract 2565: Vitamin D deficiency and outcomes in prostate cancer patients: A real-world database

Abstract Introduction: Vitamin D is essential for many bodily functions, including bone health and the prevention of osteoporosis and rickets. In recent years, the importance of vitamin D metabolism in immune system regulation and cancer prevention has been studied with increased focus. With the advent of cancer immunotherapies this has become more important. Multiple recent publications document that vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in cancer patients. This has also been observed specifically in prostate cancer patients, with a high percentage of these deficient patients being of African- American ancestry. It has been theorized that high levels of vitamin D deficiency among African American prostate cancer patients could contribute to worse cancer outcomes and increased health disparities. However, routine vitamin D testing has not been commonly performed in the oncologic community. We hypothesized that deficient levels of vitamin D could lead to inferior prostate cancer outcomes in men with a wide range of ethnic and socio-economic backgrounds. In this project we recorded vitamin D levels in prostate cancer patients at a large community oncology group and evaluated them by stage, pathologic data, survival, race/ethnicity, and other clinical features. Methods: This study is a retrospective, observational study of the data from the electronic medical records of patients with prostate cancer who received vitamin D level testing at Florida Cancer Specialists & Research Institute from 2008- 2023, throughout the state of Florida. All data used in this study will constitute secondary data, it will have been collected originally for clinical use in the general oncology practice setting. No date parameters or patient limits will be applied to this study, and all eligible patients are included. Results: 451 patients with prostate cancer had determination of vitamin D levels, out of a total of 27,772 prostate cancer patients in the database. 38% of the prostate cancer patients analyzed had low 25-OH vitamin D levels (<32 ng/ml). Patients with low vitamin D levels had an average Gleason score of 7.46. Patients with low vitamin D levels who died had an average survival of 144 months. Patients with low vitamin D levels who presented with localized disease had a 35% chance of eventually developing castrate-resistant disease. 45% of the low vitamin D group developed metastatic disease during their course of treatment. Further comparisons of vitamin D levels with pathologic data, survival/longevity, race/ethnicity, and clinical course will be evaluated and presented. Citation Format: Lowell L. Hart, James Reeves, Stacey Garofalo, William Amick. Vitamin D deficiency and outcomes in prostate cancer patients: A real-world database [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 2565.

Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K.) and Brazil nut oil: effects on oxidative stress and potential therapeutic health benefits from human, animal, and cell culture models.

Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K.) is characterized by its high nutritional and energetic value. It contains high levels of l-arginine, antioxidant vitamins, phenolic compounds, and phytosterols. In addition to their biological functions, bioactive compounds and essential fatty acids present therapeutic effects on chronic disease prevention through their antioxidant effects. Thus, this review aims to present the most recent scientific evidence on the effect of Brazil nut on human health. A search for scientific articles was carried out through the MEDLINE/PubMed, Science Direct, and LILACS databases, considering articles published between the years 2010 and 2023. The results showed that Brazil nuts and Brazil nut oil, when consumed regularly and associated with a balanced diet, can improve lipid profile, attenuate inflammatory response, and improve oxidative stress through increased activity and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes. However, further studies are recommended to better understand the mechanisms of action.

Vitamin D and risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the SUN project: a prospective cohort study

PurposeVitamin D deficiency has been associated with multiple chronic diseases, including metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of the study was to analyze the association between validated predicted serum vitamin D status and the risk of developing T2D in a large prospective cohort based on a Mediterranean population.MethodsThe SUN project is a prospective and dynamic Spanish cohort that gathers university graduates who have answered lifestyle questionnaires, including a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire. The association between predicted serum vitamin D and the risk of T2D was assessed through Cox regression models according to quartiles (Q) of predicted vitamin D at baseline. The models were adjusted for potential confounders and sensitivity analyses were performed to ensure the robustness of our findings.ResultsOur study included a total of 18,594 participants and after a total follow-up of 238,078 person-years (median follow-up of 13.5 years), 209 individuals were diagnosed with incident T2D. We found a significant inverse association between predicted levels of serum vitamin D and the risk of developing T2D, after adjusting for potential confounders and performing different sensitivity analyses (hazard ratio Q4 vs. Q1: 0.48, 95% CI 0.26–0.88; p for trend = 0.032).ConclusionThe outcomes suggest that higher levels of vitamin D at baseline may be associated with a reduced risk of developing T2D.

High rates of vitamin D insufficiency among patients presenting for total knee arthroplasty.

Widely varying prevalence of vitamin D deficiency has been reported in patients presenting for total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The primary aim of this study was to determine vitamin D levels in TKA patients and to compare to patients already routinely evaluated for vitamin D levels, patients with fragility fractures of the distal radius (DRF). There is significant overlap between patients presenting for TKA and with DRF, both in terms of medical comorbidities and overall health status, making these populations suitable comparative cohorts. Wefound that all patients presenting for TKA consultation had vitamin D insufficiency and 33% had vitamin D deficiency, compared to only 37% and 14% in the DRF cohort, a patient population routinely evaluated for vitamin D due to the high risk of deficiency. Furthermore, patients with DRF had higher levels of vitamin D before (38 ± 16 vs. 23 ± 5) and after vitamin D supplementation (39 ± 17 vs. 33 ± 10), suggesting that patients presenting for TKA are at even higher risk of vitamin D insufficiency than patients presenting with DRF. Reassuringly, supplementation successfully corrected 39.0% and 55.8% of patients in the DRF and TKA cohorts, respectively.

Exploitation of Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) Grains for Physical and Functional Properties

Buckwheat is neither a nut nor a cereal but is included in a separate group called “pseudocereals”. Buckwheat grains contain high levels of protein, starch, dietary fibre, some minerals, vitamins, flavonoids and other bioactive compounds. The main aim of the study is to analyse physical and functional properties of buckwheat grains. The results showed that bread wheat (control) had significantly higher length (5.91 mm), length to width ratio (2.06) and lower width (2.86 mm) compared to other buckwheat varieties. In the present study, higher thousand grain weight and volume were recorded for bread wheat compared to buckwheat varieties indicating bolder grains of former. Significantly higher bulk (0.70 g/ml) for and true densities (2.08 g/ml) for Dharwad Selection-1 may be regarded as a consequence of volumes and shape of grains. Buckwheat varieties showed higher greenness (-0.80 to -1.14) lower brightness (78.12 to 82.36) and yellowness (6.30 to 8.09) compared to bread wheat. Chroma being higher for bread wheat (10.06) indicates having high brightness and saturation compared to buckwheat varieties (6.40-8.13). Hydration capacity and swelling index were higher for buckwheat varieties compared to bread wheat. where, in case of hydration index and swelling capacity it was vice versa. The overall information on physical properties plays an important role in food processing and its knowledge is essential to design the equipment for handling, aeration, storing and processing of food grains.

Mini Review] Role of Mango in Immune System

The mango, known throughout the world for its gastronomic and cultural value, occupies an exceptional place in the world of fruits. In addition to its pleasing taste, mango has a nutrient-rich profile, containing essential vitamins, minerals, and bioactive substances. In this chapter "Role of Mango in Immune System" the a fascinating relationship between mango consumption and its potential effects on immune health, paying particular attention to improving immunological function. The detailed nutritional facts about mangoes will help readers better understand how this tropical fruit may support a healthy immune system. The potential for mangoes to greatly boost immune cell activity, as well as their proliferation and functionality, is emphasized through a thorough examination of the scientific literature. The chapter also highlights how eating mangoes increases cytokine synthesis, which is important for immunological control and pathogen defence. Mangoes also contain high levels of vitamins A, C, and E, which improve immune system function by enhancing antioxidant enzymes and reducing oxidative stress. Readers will be motivated to eat more mangoes to reap the benefits of a stronger immune system and live a life full of health and vigour.

An apple a day keeps the doctor away? - a review of health benefits of apples

Introduction and purpose: Apples are a widely consumed fruit globally and are known to be a great source of nutrition. Studies have shown that apples contain high levels of antioxidants, dietary fiber, and vitamins that contribute to numerous health benefits. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the impact of apples on human health. State of knowledge: The paper reviews the current literature on the health benefits of apples, focusing on their impact on various health conditions such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and obesity. Additionally, it examines the role of apples in improving intestinal, immune, and cognitive function. The paper also discusses the potential mechanisms by which apples exert their health benefits, such as high levels of flavonoids, polyphenols, and dietary fiber. Summary: In conclusion, the vast body of evidence reviewed in this paper supports the notion that consuming apples regularly can contribute to better health outcomes. They may help reduce the risk of chronic diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes, as well as promote healthy gut microbiota and immune function. Despite the controversy surrounding the use of pesticides in apple cultivation, the benefits of consuming apples outweigh the risks. Therefore, it is highly recommended to include apples as part of a balanced and nutritious diet to promote optimal health and wellbeing. As the saying goes, "An apple a day keeps the doctor away".

Process parameters optimization for red globe grapes to enhance shelf-life using non-equilibrium cold plasma jet

In this work, a non-equilibrium cold plasma jet (NECPJ) operated by a bi-polar pulse power source was designed and developed, and its impact on red globe grapes (Vitis vinifera) was analyzed for shelf-life enhancement. A total of 17 separate experiments were conducted using a Box-Behnken design to identify the optimum plasma process parameters, i.e., applied voltage, gas flow rate, and treatment time. Food quality parameters such as pH, total suspended solids (TSS), weight loss, total phenol and flavonoid content, vitamin C, contact angle, and firmness were studied. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images were also taken to see the effect of NECPJ treatment on grape surfaces and E. coli bacteria. The results showed that the linear, quadratic, and interaction effects of all three process parameters were statistically significant (p < 0.001, p < 0.01). Accordingly, the optimized plasma process parameters were identified as applied voltage 3.36 kV, gas flow rate 2.87 SLPM, and treatment time 1 min. A shelf-life study of twenty-eight days was done with and without plasma treatment. It was found that NECPJ-treated grapes had a higher shelf-life. The treated grapes contained higher levels of vitamin C, firmness, red grape color index, and total soluble solids than controls. It is inferred that NECPJ can help reduce red globe grape deterioration and maintain quality during post-harvest storage.

Biochemical Clusters as Substitutes of Bone Biopsies in Kidney Transplant Patients.

Bone and mineral metabolism abnormalities are frequent in kidney transplant recipients and have been associated with cardiovascular morbidity. The primary aim of this study was to analyse the association between routine clinically available biochemical evaluation, non-routine histomorphometric bone evaluation, and vascular disease in kidney transplanted patients. A cross-sectional analysis was performed on 69 patients, 1-year after kidney transplantation. Laboratory analysis, radiography of hands and pelvis, bone biopsy, bone densitometry, and coronary CT were performed. One-year post-transplantation, nearly one-third of the patients presented with hypercalcemia, 16% had hypophosphatemia, 39.3% had iPTH levels > 150pg/mL, 20.3% had BALP levels > 40 U/L, and 26.1% had hypovitaminosis D. Evaluation of extraosseous calcifications revealed low Adragão and Agatston scores. We divided patients into three clusters, according to laboratory results routinely used in clinical practice: hypercalcemia and hyperparathyroidism (Cluster1); hypercalcemia and high BALP levels (Cluster2); hypophosphatemia and vitamin D deficiency (Cluster 3). Patients in clusters 1 and 2 had higher cortical porosity (p = 0.001) and osteoid measurements, although there was no difference in the presence of abnormal mineralization, or low volume. Patients in cluster 2 had a higher BFR/BS (half of the patients in cluster 2 had high bone turnover), and most patients in cluster 1 had low or normal bone turnover. Cluster 3 has no differences in volume, or turnover, but 60% of the patients presented with pre-osteomalacia. All three clusters were associated with high vascular calcifications scores. Vascular calcifications scores were not related to higher bone mineral density. Instead, an association was found between a higher Adragão score and the presence of osteoporosis at the femoral neck (p = 0.008). In conclusion, inferring bone TMV by daily clinical biochemical analysis can be misleading, and bone biopsy is important for assessing both bone turnover and mineralization after kidney transplantation, although hypophosphatemia combined with vitamin D deficiency is associated with abnormal mineralization. The presence of hypercalcemia with high levels of PTH or high levels of BALP, or hypophosphatemia and vitamin D deficiency should remind us to screen vascular calcification status of patients.Clinical Research: ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT02751099.

Vitamin intake and periodontal disease: a meta-analysis of observational studies

ObjectiveA meta-analysis was performed to assess the epidemiological correlation between dietary intake of various types of vitamin intake and the risk of periodontal disease.MethodsA comprehensive computerized search was conducted in eight databases, namely PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China Biology Medicine Disc, CNKI, VIP, and WanFang Database, and a random effect model was applied to combine pooled odds ratio (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the included studies, and the sensitivity analysis was performed to explore the impact of a single study on the comprehensive results.ResultsWe finally included 45 effect groups from 23 observational studies, with a total number of study participants of 74,488. The results showed that higher levels of vitamin A (OR: 0.788, 95% CI: 0.640–0.971), vitamin B complex (OR: 0.884, 95% CI: 0.824–0.948), vitamin C (OR: 0.875, 95% CI: 0.775–0.988), vitamin D (OR: 0.964, 95% CI: 0.948–0.981), and vitamin E (OR: 0.868, 95% CI: 0.776–0.971) intake all were negatively correlated with periodontal disease. After removing each study, leave-one-out sensitivity analysis indicated no significant change in the overall results of any of the five meta-analyses.ConclusionsThe results from this meta-analysis demonstrated a negative association between high-dose vitamin A, vitamin B complex, vitamin C, vitamin D, and vitamin E consumption and the likelihood of developing periodontal disease, revealing the significant role of vitamins in preventing periodontal disease.

Effects of vitamin D on the incidence and severity of COVID-19

In the fall of 2023, infection of a number of European countries population with coronavirus intensified, with the most noticeable increase in incidence observed in the Russian Federation. Patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 usually have a low level and high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. Data from measurements of vitamin D levels in the municipalities of the Khanty-Mansiysk autonomous Okrug — Ugra, compared with information from the department of health of the autonomous okrug based on the results of 2021, suggest that in the Khanty-Mansi autonomous Okrug — Ugra, the average duration of one case of disability due to illness with a diagnosis of COVID-19 is directly proportional to the prevalence of severe vitamin D deficiency. Our data characterizing the positive effect of a high level of vitamin D in the blood serum of a patient infected SARS-CoV-2, on the body’s ability to recover, is confirmed in foreign clinical practice, as evidenced by the results of our statistical calculations. In the Russian Federation, the dependence of the overall incidence of COVID-19 is directly proportional to the geographical latitude of the territory, and the relationship b etween the parameters is extremely high (p = 0.0008 in 2021 and p &lt; 0.000001 in 2022), which, along with other reasons, suggests the effect of ultraviolet radiation level decrease. Vitamin D levels are one of the key factors in the incidence of COVID-19, as it has a major impact on its duration, more severe lung damage, and higher mortality in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Clinical studies by domestic and foreign scientists have shown that severe vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D &lt; 10 ng/ml] in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 can be considered a predictor of death. During the COVID-19 pandemic, enormous positive experience has been gained in the use of vitamin D as a therapeutic agent to reduce the severity of the disease and the level of hospital mortality, however, in order to prepare informed recommendations for taking medications and identify severe vitamin D deficiency, mandatory measurement of 25(OH)D levels in patients is required in patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

The effect of different levels of vitamin C on performance, carcass characteristics, digestive organs, immunity, blood parameters, liver enzymes, cecal microflora, evaluation of meat taste and fatty acid profile of breast meat of broilers

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effect of different levels of vitamin C on performance, carcass characteristics, immunity, blood parameters, cecal microbial flora, evaluation of meat taste and fatty acid profile of Arbor Acres commercial strain broilers. In order to investigate the different levels of vitamin C, 120 one-day-old male broilers of the Arbor Acres commercial strain were used in a completely randomized design. In this way, three different levels of vitamin C (0, 250 and 50 mg/kg diet) were tested with 4 repetitions with 10 chicks in each repetition for 42 days. Average daily weight gain, average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio were determined. At the age of 42 days, 2 chicks were randomly selected from each replication and the characteristics of carcass components, blood parameters, liver enzymes, taste evaluation and fatty acid profile of breast meat were measured. The evaluation of the immune system was evaluated by measuring the antibody titers against the Newcastle vaccine, anvian influenza and sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and were analyzed with SPSS statistical software. The results showed that in the whole period, no statistical difference was observed between the treatment groups in terms of feed consumption and weight gain and feed conversion ratio (P&gt;0.05), The effect of vitamin C on carcass and intestinal characteristics was not significant, except for the relative weight of the breast (P&gt;0.05). The effect of vitamin C on blood parameters, except for HDL and total cholesterol which were increased were not affected by experimental treatments. Liver enzymes including creatine phosphokinase and lactate dehydrogenase in broilers receiving experimental treatments were increased by higher levels of vitamin C in the diet (P&lt;0.05). The examination of the immune system of broilers showed that the comparison of the average amount of white and red blood cells, hemoglobin, HTC, MCV, MCH and MCHC was not affected by different levels of vitamin C in the diet (P&gt;0.05). However, the percentage of lymphocytes and heterophils was affected by different levels of vitamin C (P&lt;0.05). The amount of antibody titer against Newcastle virus, influenza and SRBC and organs related to the immune system was not affected by experimental treatments (P&gt;0.05).The effect of vitamin C on taste evaluation traits showed that general acceptance and chewing ability were different in all three treatment groups (P&lt;0.05), but other traits were not affected by different levels of vitamin C (P&gt;0.05). The effect of vitamin C on the fatty acid profile of breast meat showed C12:0 was unchanged in the 3 treatment groups, but C14:0, C16:0, C18:0, C18:3 decreased with increasing consumption of vitamin C. The present research suggests that use of 250 mg of vitamin C per kg of diet of broilers of the Arbor Acres strain may have potential economic benefits.

Diet-induced nephrocalcinosis in aquarium-raised juvenile spotted wolffish Anarhichas minor.

Wolffish are regularly housed in aquaria, but little data on their husbandry and health is available for caretakers. High occurrence rates of nephrocalcinosis and urolithiasis have been observed in Atlantic Anarhichas lupus and spotted A. minor wolffish housed at 2 Canadian zoological institutions. To explore the effect of diet on nephrocalcinosis and urolithiasis development, a 16 mo prospective study was conducted. A total of 32 juvenile spotted wolffish were randomly assigned to one of 4 experimental groups fed exclusively with the following diet: (1) Skretting® Europa 18 pellets; (2) Mazuri® LS Aquatic Carni-Blend Diet Formula; (3) vitamin-supplemented fish-based diet, and (4) vitamin-supplemented invertebrate-based diet. Urinalysis, radiographs, and complete necropsies were performed at the end of the study. None of the wolffish developed uroliths during the study period. All specimens fed with the fish-based and invertebrate-based diets developed nephrocalcinosis, whereas this condition was seen in 12.5 and 0% of the fish in the Skretting® and Mazuri® groups, respectively. Affected wolffish often presented with oxalate crystalluria and increased radiodensity of the posterior kidneys. Urinalysis and radiographic study were considered useful in the antemortem diagnosis of nephrocalcinosis. None of the previously published risk factors for the development of nephrocalcinosis in fish were supported by the results of this study. However, nutritional analyses of the 4 diets suggest that high dietary levels of gelatin or vitamin C or low levels of vitamin E could be potential risk factors for the development of nephrocalcinosis in spotted wolffish and thus warrant further study.

Cord Blood Vitamin D Status and Its Anthropometric Correlation in Term, Appropriate-for-Gestational-Age Newborns: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Hypovitaminosis D is highly prevalent worldwide, including in India. Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy can also lead to deficiency in the foetus. This deficiency can have a negative impact on foetal growth, as vitamin D is essential for calcium and bone homeostasis, as well as skeletal growth. Aim: To determine the cord blood vitamin D status and evaluate the correlation between cord blood vitamin D levels and neonatal anthropometric measurements in term, appropriate- for-gestational-age newborns at birth. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care centre. Two hundred term, appropriate-for- gestational-age newborns were included in the study. Cord blood 25(OH)D levels and anthropometric measurements were taken at birth. The data were analysed statistically, and significance was determined using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test. Results: Vitamin D levels were deficient (&lt;12 ng/dL) in 80 (40%) samples, insufficient (&lt;20 ng/dL) in 93 (46.5%) samples, and sufficient in 27 (13.5%) samples of cord blood. No significant relationship was found between cord blood vitamin D concentrations and neonatal weight, length, and head circumference at birth (p&gt;0.05). Conclusion: A very high level of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency was observed in cord blood samples. There was no association between maternal vitamin D concentrations and neonatal anthropometric measurements in the infants.

Determination of vitamin D serum levels in women receiving vitamin supplementation: The PERSIAN Guilan Cohort Study

Background: Vitamin D is a basic nutrient and plays a very crucial role in preventing various diseases, so it is known as an indicator of health and survival. Objective: This study was conducted to determine the serum level of vitamin D in women receiving vitamin supplementation in Persian Guilan cohort study (PGCS). Methods: In this analytic cross-sectional study that was conducted on PERSIAN Guilan cohort, 614 subjects from 5633 women aged 35 to 70 years old who were taking vitamin D supplements were selected through census method. Required data were collected in two sections of demographic and social characteristics and serum measurement 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 at three levels of deficient (&lt;10), insufficient (10-20) and sufficient (&gt;20 ng/ml). Data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics. P &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of people was 50.3±8.7 years, of which 5.2 % of the subjects had vitamin D deficiency, 29.5% had insufficient serum level and 65.4% subjects with sufficient serum levels. Based on the results, there was a significant relationship between employment status, place of residence and housing area with vitamin D level (P&lt;0.05), and non-employed persons (P=0.044), living in the city (P=0.002) and a residential house with a higher area (P=0.014) had higher levels of vitamin D. There was no significant association between serum vitamin D levels with age, body mass index, marital status, alcohol consumption, level of education and how to take vitamin D supplementation. Conclusion: In the present study, about one third of vitamin consumers did not have a sufficient serum level despite taking the supplement, so it is expected that the country's health system, health officials, and policymakers pay attention to the education program of optimum consumption as well as appropriate prescription of vitamin D supplement.

Diversidade genética de Eugenia stipitate Mcvaugh. baseada nas características físicas e físico-químicas dos frutos em condições tropicais

Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity between genotypes based on the physical, chemical and physicochemical characteristics of araçá-boi in tropical conditions. The experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Roraima, in the municipality of Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil. Genotypes were obtained in the F1 generation, through open pollination. Twelve plants were evaluated, with 10 fruits being collected per plant. The physical and physicalchemical characteristics of the fruits were evaluated: fresh mass, length and diameter of the fruits, pulp yield, firmness, mass of the pulp, peel and seeds, number of seeds, soluble solids, tritratable acidity, pH, ratio SS/AT and vitamin C from fruits. The araçá-boi genotypes showed medium to high genetic variability, obtaining averages for the physical and physicalchemical characteristics higher than those observed in the literature. G genotypes A9, A10 and A6 adopted fruits with larger sizes and produced a greater number of fruits genotypes A1 obtained fruits with higher organoleptic quality. Genotypes A3 produced fruits with higher levels of Vitamin C and fruits with greater firmness. Genotypes A3, A6, A9 and A10 were promising with high agronomic potential and could be selected for the genetic improvement program of the species.

Altered trace elements, antioxidant vitamin C, and malondialdehyde levels are associated with the pathophysiology and development of pre-hepatic jaundice: A case-control study.

Pre-hepatic jaundice results from an imbalance between bilirubin production and clearance, often linked to hemoglobinopathies. Antioxidant vitamin C, malondialdehyde, and trace elements play roles in jaundice, yet their specific associations remain unclear. The objective is to assess and compare these biomarkers in pre-hepatic jaundice patients and healthy controls, aiming to identify potential diagnostic markers and understand distinctive characteristics related to the disease's pathogenesis. This case-control study enrolled 50 pre-hepatic jaundice patients and 50 healthy controls, utilizing advanced techniques for biomarker quantification. We completed blood sample collection from study participants between 1 September 2023 and 31 December 2023. This study investigates the correlation between various biomarkers and pre-hepatic jaundice using serum samples with a focus on antioxidant vitamin C, malondialdehyde, and trace elements. This study demonstrates elevated concentrations of malondialdehyde in patients with pre-hepatic jaundice, suggesting alterations in bilirubin metabolism and increased oxidative stress. We found that the serum levels of malondialdehyde were significantly higher in pre-hepatic jaundice patients compared to healthy controls. Our observations revealed a notable decrease in the average serum vitamin C levels in patients with pre-hepatic jaundice compared to healthy controls. The patients had lower serum Zn levels and higher serum Cu and Mn levels compared to the healthy controls. The correlation study demonstrates robust positive correlations among these biomarkers in pre-hepatic jaundice. As the levels of vitamin C rise, the levels of the other criteria often fall, and vice versa. There is an inverse relationship between higher levels of vitamin C and lower levels of malondialdehyde. The current investigation identifies possible changes in antioxidant vitamins, malondialdehyde levels, and trace elements, which provide significant insights for targeted interventions. The present research highlights the integrated significance of vitamin C, malondialdehyde, and trace elements in the progression of the disease.

Influence of vitamin D on muscle strength and botulinum toxin dosage through surface electromyography.

To evaluate the influence of patients' serum vitamin D levels on muscle strength characteristics and whether it impacts the durability of botulinum toxin (BT) treatment. The muscle strength of the frontal and corrugator muscles was evaluated before and after the application of TB with pre- and post-application control measurements, and at weeks 2, 5 and 12. The effect of vitamin D on muscle strength and its interaction with BT were investigated in 20 patients. The muscle contraction force was measured by surface electromyography. The results revealed statistically significant differences between the frontal measurement groups at weeks 2 and 5, as well as for the corrugator in the same weeks and at week 12. Regarding vitamin D, significant differences were observed only in the initial group with vitamin D > 30 ng/mL compared to < 30 ng/mL for the frontal muscles. Patients with higher levels of vitamin D had higher average muscle strength compared to those with lower levels in all evaluations. It was observed that vitamin D influences muscle strength and the necessary dosage of BT.

Hematoimmunological responses of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) receiving the dietary supplementation of immunomodulators and different levels of vitamins after challenge with physical stress.

In this study, we analyzed the hematoimmunological effects of dietary supplementation with immunomodulators (β-glucans + nucleotides) and different levels of vitamins on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) after exposure to physical stress. The following four diet treatments were used: diets with indicated vitamin levels (Vitind), diets with Vitind + immunomodulator (Vitind + Immune), diets with high vitamin content (Vithigh), and those with Vithigh + immunomodulator (Vithigh + Immune). The experiment included 560 fish in 28 tanks (20 fish tank-1), with seven replicates per treatment. After 60 days of supplementation, the water temperature was set at 20 °C, and complete biometrics were performed. The animals were then subjected to physical stress with temperature oscillations of 20 ºC to 30 ºC/30 ºC to 20 ºC/20 ºC to 30 ºC. Hematoimmunological data from 140 animals were collected post-stress. Antimicrobial titer and total plasma protein levels were significantly higher in fish not receiving immunomodulator-supplemented diets (2.88 ± 0.43 log2 and 26.81 ± 4.01 mg∙mL-1, respectively) than in those that did. Conversely, the agglutination titer increased in fish fed with lower vitamin levels (3.33 ± 0.66 log2) compared to those with higher vitamin levels. Increased immunoglobulin levels were observed in fish fed diets co-supplemented with vitamins and immunomodulators, revealing an interaction between immunomodulators and dietary vitamin levels. In summary, the inclusion of immunomodulators in the diet enhanced the animals' resistance to physical stress and improved hematoimmunological parameters. Additionally, a high vitamin content in the diet did not modulate the immune responses in the animals.

Pelatihan dan Aplikasi Pembuatan Produk Home Industry Coconut Chips dan Stick Kelor di Desa Kedungsari Kecamatan Kemlagi Kabupaten Mojokerto

This community service project refers to the UMKM program which includes providing outreach to residents on how to use coconuts and Moringa leaves as a food security innovation. Moringa leaves have the property of lowering blood sugar levels and also have quite high levels of vitamins A and C. And coconuts have the property of reducing inflammation and contain MCT compounds. For this reason, Moringa leaves are processed into Moringa sticks and coconut fruit into chips that are suitable for snacking. Using a hands-on practical approach, this community service project was completed with PKK women in Kedungsari Village. If this business is successful, it will provide benefits to the people of Kedungsari Village at a time when new snack foods are becoming popular and popular in the area because the way they are made is very rare. carried out in society. With its advantages and potential, the people of Kedungsari Village in Mojokerto Regency can gain economic benefits from increasing the use of coconut fruit and Moringa leaves in snacks. This article attempts to develop the original and creative thinking capacity of KKN students while also answering problems related to increasing local economic development through exercises and applications in making goods for the home industry. This activity is considered to have a lot of potential to help the Kedungsari community in building UMKM prospects