High Level Of Innovation Research Articles

A Bibliometric Review of the Knowledge Base on Mentoring for the Professional Development of School Administrators

Mentoring for the professional development of school administrators has become widely acknowledged as an essential means of providing psychosocial and career support, particularly for novice administrators. Due to its strong potential to support the sustainability of schools by enabling successful administration, much research has been conducted on mentoring for the professional development of schools and an extensive knowledge base has been accumulated. The current study aims to evaluate this knowledge base holistically, to reveal the intellectual structure and evolution of this research field. With this purpose, the study conducted a combined bibliometric and science mapping analysis of 121 articles selected from the Scopus database using SciMAT software. The period-based science mapping analysis results showed that research initially focused on professional development and networking functions and later focused on developing school administrators’ leadership skills through mentoring. During the last five years, the most prominent themes were enhancing the quality of mentoring and supporting school administrators’ capacity to enable social justice. The results suggest several implications for the sustainability of mentoring programs to improve school administrators’ professional capabilities and leadership skills, which would eventually help sustain a high level of school innovation and success.

TECHNOLOGY READINESS INDEX OF PADDY FARMERS IN MADA, KADA, AND IADA BLS, MALAYSIA

This paper aims to determine the technology readiness level of paddy farmers in MADA, KADA, and IADA BLS, Malaysia. Primary data were obtained through a face-to-face survey with paddy farmers in MADA, KADA, and IADA BLS using a structured questionnaire. A total of 315 respondents of MADA, 295 respondents of KADA, and 178 respondents of IADA BLS actively involved in paddy cultivation were interviewed. The technology readiness level of paddy farmers from three main granary areas is evaluated objectively and subjectively. The technology readiness index of paddy farmers is calculated to analyse the readiness level of paddy farmers. Thirty indicators are used to measure four dimensions of technology readiness, i.e., optimism, innovativeness, discomfort, and insecurity. The present study shows that 72.4%, 74.58%, and 74.16% of paddy farmers in MADA, KADA, and IADA BLS have a moderate readiness level to adopt the new technology in paddy cultivation. The four dimensions of the technology readiness index was evaluated to provide a better picture of the technology readiness level. All three granary areas have a score mean index (0.51-1.0) for technology readiness driver, optimism, and innovativeness, which indicate that the paddy farmers have a moderate and high level of optimism and innovativeness to adopt the new technology. However, the score means index for the negative factors of technology readiness for all three granary areas is in the quantile range (0.51-0.75), which means the paddy farmers have a moderate level of discomfort and insecurity. Thus, the result suggests that although the paddy farmers exhibit innovativeness and optimism, they also experience some discomfort and insecurity.

Financial reform and haze pollution: A quasi-natural experiment of the financial reform pilot zones in China

Financial reform becomes a new tool for environmental governance because it can indirectly affect the environment by promoting economic and financial agglomeration and technological innovation. Despite China's aggressive financial reform pilot (FRP) policy since 2012, little is known about whether and how such policy affects haze pollution (HP). We exploit geographic and temporal variations in China's FRP policy and compile a dataset covering 284 cities over the period from 2003 to 2019. Employing a difference-in-differences (DID) approach, we document that China's FRP policy has a negative causal effect on HP in the pilot cities. The estimates obtained from an instrumental variable constructed by religious temples also support the haze-abatement effect of such policy. This effect is largely driven by advances in technological innovation and increases in economic agglomeration, while financial agglomeration is proven to have little effect. Finally, our estimate is particularly pronounced in cities with high levels of economic development, financial development and technological innovation, and that in large-sized and non-mineral resourced cities. Overall, our findings shed light on the importance of financial reform in environmental governance in a developing country.

Influence of Enterprise’s Factor Inputs and Co-Opetition Relationships to Its Innovation Output

In the context of economic globalization, innovation has become a major drive for the sustainable development of enterprises, which emphasizes the importance of studying the influencing factors of enterprise innovation output. The purpose of this study is to clarify the influence mechanism of different indicators on enterprise innovation output, and then provide relevant suggestions for improving enterprise innovation ability. This paper takes 562 enterprises in Chaoyang Sub-park and Fengtai Sub-park of Zhongguancun in Beijing within the time span between 2015 and 2016 as the research objects, and constructs a comprehensive indicator system of influencing factors for enterprise innovation output from the perspective of enterprise co-opetition relationship, factor input and environmental factors. A quantitative model of innovation output and influencing factors was built and then solved, via spike-and-slab sparse function and stepwise regression, aiming at analyzing the influence of different indicators on enterprise innovation output. In addition, this paper also classifies enterprises according to their innovation level and explores the influence of indicators on different types of enterprises. The innovation of this study lies in the modeling of competition and cooperation between enterprises and the establishment of a relatively comprehensive indicator system of influencing factors for enterprise innovation output. The results show that the degree of technological collaboration between enterprises, the level of financing and the degree of capital and labor input in innovation activities have significant positive effects on enterprise innovation output. On the contrary, product and service competition, as well as capital competition, tends to have a negative impact, which urges enterprises to pay heed to the intensity of competition faced by products and services as well as the diversity of financing sources and investment targets to reduce the negative impacts. In addition, enterprises with different levels of innovation should take customized measures in terms of factor input and co-opetition relationships, in that some indicators such as network structure indicators negatively influence the innovation output of enterprises with lower levels of innovation, but has positive impacts on those with higher levels of innovation.

Towards Innovation Performance of the Hospitality and Tourism Industry: Interplay among Business Ethics Diffusion, Service Innovation, and Knowledge-Sharing

This paper examines the direct relationship between business ethics diffusion and innovation performance. This study also investigates the mediating role of service innovation and the moderating role of knowledge-sharing between business ethics diffusion and innovation performance. This is quantitative research, and cross-sectional data were collected from hotels and tourism firms through adapted scales. The results show that business ethics diffusion and innovation performance are directly linked. Service innovation acts as a mediator between business ethics diffusion and innovation performance. Findings also demonstrate that knowledge-sharing moderates significantly between business ethics diffusion and innovation performance. Service innovation performs a crucial role in enhancing the innovation abilities of the hospitality and tourism industry. The current study shows that knowledge-sharing enhances the effects of business ethics diffusion on innovation performance. The theoretical model enlightens the critical role of business ethics diffusion in promoting a high level of service innovation among individuals to boost innovation performance for the hospitality and tourism industry.

ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ СУЧАСНОГО РИНКУ ПРАЦІ В УМОВАХ ЦИФРОВИХ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЙ ЕКОНОМІКИ

The article is devoted to the study of transformational changes in the labor market under the influence of the spread of the processes of digital transformation of the economy. Scientific approaches to the content of the "digital transformation" category have been analyzed. It was concluded that digital transformation reflects the process of digitization, which is one of the defining trends in the development of human civilization. The main indicators of digitalization of the economy have been determined. Attention is focused on the continuous impact of digital transformations on the sphere of population employment. The effects of digitalization of the economy on the employment of the population at different levels of the economy: at the level of individual companies, at the sectoral level, and at the macro level have been studied. Five new characteristics of the employment system due to the digitalization of the economy are highlighted: the emergence of new forms of competition in the labor market (between high-value employees; between employers for labor); formation of almost unlimited virtual space for labor mobility of employees; high level of innovativeness and dynamism of the labor market; specific demographic structure of the digital labor market; digital employment can be a tool to ensure balance in the labor market. A number of risks in the field of employment of the population as a result of the digital transformation of the economy have been studied, in particular, a possible increase in the level of unemployment, automation of jobs, updating of work skills, difficulty in employment of the population of various age groups, in particular, the elderly. It was concluded that under the influence of digital transformations of the economy, the labor market expands the employment opportunities of the population, transforms the nature and conditions of work, increases the requirements for the qualifications and competencies of employees, and determines the formation of modern regulatory mechanisms of social and labor relations. The expediency of conducting further scientific research on the transformation of the labor market in the conditions of deepening the processes of digital transformation of the economy is substantiated. Keywords: labor market, employment, digital transformation, digital economy, digitalization, digital technologies.

Foreign direct investments and participation in global value chains: New evidence from advanced manufacturing industries in Central and Eastern Europe

Foreign direct investments (FDIs) and trade within global value chains (GVC) have been considered one of the most important vehicles of economic development and competitiveness, especially for countries in transition. The countries of Central and Eastern Europe are competing to attract not only high amounts of FDI inflows but they also put emphasis on the FDIs’ sectoral structure. FDI inflows into advanced industries can represent the basis of technological development that will lead to the creation of a greater number of high-skill jobs and a higher level of innovation, thereby influencing the reduction of the economic gap in relation to developed countries. This study aims to explore the importance of FDI inward stock for GVC participation in the advanced manufacturing industries in eleven EU member states that transferred to market economies in the 1990s and attracted vast amounts of FDI inflows since then. The dynamic panel data analysis results indicate the importance of FDI inward stock in the manufacturing industry for the GVC participation in advanced manufacturing industries across this set of countries while also stressing the important implications of manufacturing share in GDP changes for these industries’ backward GVC participation. The findings confirm a positive association between attracting FDI in the manufacturing sector and GVC integration in advanced manufacturing industries. Such FDI targeting can be a vehicle for internationalization and development of high-tech and knowledge-based industries.

Discussion on the Construction of Practice Platform of Diversified and High-Level Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education in Colleges and Universities

Discussion on the Construction of Practice Platform of Diversified and High-Level Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education in Colleges and Universities

Disproportions in the level of innovation in European Union countries

Purpose: One of the most important areas of reflection on innovation and innovativeness is regional policy and issues related to the development of the economy. The phenomena of globalisation and pressure to create a knowledge-based economy means that not only enterprises, but also countries are forced to optimise the use of their potential on a macro, meso or micro scale. For this reason, the issue of innovativeness is connected with particular economic entities and sectors of the economy, with the activity of state, regional and local authorities and the European Union. In the conditions of deepening European integration, stimulating innovation of territorial socio-economic systems is an important instrument of economic policy at the international, national and regional levels. The aim of the study is to assess the level of innovativeness of the region in spatial and dynamic terms. Multivariate Statistical Analysis will be used to determine the aggregated indicator based on data taken from Eurostat database. Design/methodology/approach: The implementation of the objective will be achieved through the evaluation and comparison of the level of innovativeness of EU countries with the use of a synthetic measure, estimated by using one of the model methods of linear ordering of objects in the years 2015, 2018 and 2021. In the proposed method, the synthetic measure is determined using the distance of the examined objects from the model objects. The dynamic approach will allow to determine the directions of changes. The level of innovation of regions (EU countries) determined by a number of indicators that were adopted in four areas: human capital, finance, business activity and intellectual property protection. Findings: The region's innovativeness is a multidimensional phenomenon, which is directly unmeasurable, hence the need to use statistical methods when measuring it. Obtained results will allow to assess the studied phenomenon, build a ranking and identify countries with a high, medium or low level of innovation. The results of the analyses confirmed that it is advisable to consider innovation by plane, because in this case there is a greater differentiation of countries. Due to the level of innovation, the highest positions in the ranking were taken by Sweden, Germany, Finland and Austria, at the end of the ranking were countries from Central and Eastern Europe, Poland, Latvia, Bulgaria and Romania. In the area of innovative activities, Estonia ranked very high being classified in the group I of the most innovative countries. The country is characterized by high employment in innovative enterprises, significant expenditure on innovation and a large share of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) introducing product innovations. The fact that the countries of Central and Eastern Europe are reducing the distance to more innovative EU countries should be assessed positively, as evidenced by lower values of the coefficients of variation in 2021 compared to 2015. Keywords: innovation of regions, dynamics, Multivariate Statistical Analysis. Category of the paper: research paper.

Optimization of management functions and business processes at road transport enterprises

The motor transport industry, along with others, has its own characteristics and rates of development in Russia and abroad. Management, as a science, is also based on relevant types: strategic, innovative, anti-crisis, financial, production and many other varieties of it, which form the appropriate management vectors in the organization based on functional or problem blocks of its activities. Most of the theoretical research is not used by specialists and managers in practice, noting the isolation of problems solved by fundamental science and fixed real situations that take place in the native industry. On the one hand, the problems relate to all areas, business processes, enterprises of many forms of ownership and complexes of the national economy: in relation to maximizing profits and improving reputation, maintaining a high level of quality, work, services, innovation, further development and building up strategic potential. It becomes more difficult to fulfill the above priorities and sub-goals in the conditions of crisis response, staff reduction, minimization of costs for the development of innovations in the economic activities of Auto-Transport Enterprises (AT enterprises). Business processes are a set of interrelated works performed in an organization to create a product, goods and services of high quality that are in demand among consumers. It is also necessary to take into account the concepts that consider business processes as the most important resources of the enterprise, the management of which becomes the area of control and influence from outside and ordinary performers. [1, 2]

Research on the Impact of Digital Economy on Industrial Energy Efficiency

Under the background of "dual control" of total and intensity of energy consumption in China, improving energy efficiency has become an important topic in China's economic development. The penetration effect, synergy effect and substitution effect of digital economy on industry have brought about great changes in the industrial development model, which may have an impact on energy efficiency. Based on the analysis of the mechanism of the effect of digital economy on industrial energy efficiency and the panel data of 280 cities in China, this paper empirically analyzes the impact of digital economy development on industrial energy efficiency. The empirical results show that digital economy promotes the improvement of industrial energy efficiency. The intermediate mechanism is that digital economy realizes the improvement of energy efficiency through the integration of production and marketing and accelerating the substitution of data elements for power resources elements, which is more significant in cities with high levels of economic development, innovation and industrial structure.

FinTech and financing constraints of enterprises: Evidence from China

Using a sample of China's A-share listed companies from 2011 to 2018, this research examines the impact of financial technology (FinTech) on financing constraints experienced by enterprises. Results show that the development of FinTech can significantly reduce firms’ financing constraints, and this effect is partially mediated by facilitating firms’ direct and indirect financing, and by promoting inter-bank competition. The mitigating effect of FinTech is more pronounced in non-state-owned enterprises, in small- and medium-sized enterprises, and enterprises in the more highly developed eastern region of China. The direct mitigating effect of FinTech on reducing financing constraints is stronger for companies with a higher level of innovation or a lower level of social responsibility performance. Theoretical and practical implications of our findings are discussed.

Direct utilization of crude and waste H2 via CO-tolerant hydrogenation

Direct utilization of crude and waste H2 via CO-tolerant hydrogenation

Crowdsourcing innovation challenges: How participants react when their ideas are rejected

Although crowdsourcing challenges as tools for generating high levels of innovation have received much attention, little research has investigated the impact on participants when their submissions are rejected. This research is aimed at gaining a better understanding of the consequences of rejection for participants' relationships with the brand engaged in the crowdsourcing activity. To investigate these issues, two quantitative studies were carried out with participants whose challenge proposals had not been selected. The results highlight positive effects on participant–brand relationships, especially on brand attachment, proselytism, brand commitment and brand loyalty. A confirmatory, interview‐based qualitative study then identifies managerial perspectives and marketing strategies for brands and crowdsourcing platforms following the announcement of challenge results. This paper contributes to both the co‐creation and crowdsourcing literature by extending academic knowledge and provides opportunities for further research.

Computer-aided food engineering.

Computer-aided food engineering (CAFE) can reduce resource use in product, process and equipment development, improve time-to-market performance, and drive high-level innovation in food safety and quality. Yet, CAFE is challenged by the complexity and variability of food composition and structure, by the transformations food undergoes during processing and the limited availability of comprehensive mechanistic frameworks describing those transformations. Here we introduce frameworks to model food processes and predict physiochemical properties that will accelerate CAFE. We review how investments in open access, such as code sharing, and capacity-building through specialized courses could facilitate the use of CAFE in the transformation already underway in digital food systems.

‘Tail-dipping’ to drink from an open water source in Cebus imitator (Primates: Cebidae) in a protected area of Costa Rica

Primate species demonstrate high levels of intelligence, innovation, and social learning. These characteristics give rise to a high likelihood of new behaviours occurring and being socially transmitted to other individuals within a group. Capuchin monkeys are group-living and are commonly considered to be among the most intelligent non-ape primates. They exhibit a large repertoire of complex behaviours and have been shown to be capable of innovating to problem solve. However, observations of new behaviours in wild populations are rare in comparison to captive populations. Here we describe Panamanian white-faced capuchins (Cebus imitator) carrying out a behaviour which has not been previously documented in capuchin species and may be related to predator avoidance. This behaviour was video-recorded and to our knowledge is the first record of a capuchin species using tail-dipping behaviour to access an open water source in the wild.

The key enablers of competitive advantage formation in small and medium enterprises: The case of the Ha'il region.

The primary objective of this research is to establish the extent to which small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs) in the Ha'il region benefit from a significant competitive advantage brought about by an entrepreneurial mindset (innovativeness, proactiveness, risk-taking, competitive aggressiveness, and autonomy). To achieve these objectives, the study used a questionnaire to collect data. A total of 220 SMEs in the Ha'il region were surveyed. The participants completed an online self-administered survey and used the PLS-SEM technique. The researchers found a robust link between differentiation advantage and higher levels of innovativeness, proactiveness, risk-taking, competitive aggression, and autonomy. In addition, the outcomes of the survey reveal that a greater cost advantage is substantially associated with vastly greater innovativeness, proactiveness, risk-taking, and competitive aggression overall. However, cost advantage is not strongly correlated with autonomy. These findings are significant because they shed new light on how competitive advantages are formed through the entrepreneurial orientation of entrepreneurs in the Ha'il region. This is a significant theoretical contribution to the literature on entrepreneurial orientation, specifically in the context of SMEs. The findings may also be valuable in supporting SMEs in being successful by enhancing their competitiveness, as SMEs are key contributors to the development and growth of the economy.

What makes networks innovative? A configurational analysis of 18 collaborative innovation cases

Collaborative innovation has received substantial scholarly attention, but we still know little about its underlying mechanisms. Using qualitative comparative analysis (QCA), this study examines how four conditions, namely, network initiation by key stakeholders, high network diversity, extensive network prehistory, and highly engaged network process, combine with one another to lead to a high/low level of collaborative innovation. Our study contributes to the governance and policy literature through uncovering the mechanisms for collaborative innovation. Specifically, it has identified three generic mechanisms that lead to a high level of collaborative innovation: the urgency-based mechanism, the interdependence-based mechanism, and the trust-based mechanism.

Spatial threshold effect of tax competition on carbon dioxide emissions intensity in China

ABSTRACT Tax policymaking in China has created conditions for local governments to strategically leverage tax policies (e.g. tax preferences, tax collection and management efficiency, and fiscal subsidies) to have carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions peak before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060. By constructing an endogenous growth model with tax competition, capital mobility, technological innovation, and carbon emissions, this study investigates how tax competition is influencing firm-level behaviour and providing climate-relevant policy implications. It has theoretically demonstrated that this effect depends on technological innovation and operates through the capital mechanism. This finding is empirically confirmed in this analysis using a spatial panel threshold model with fixed effects designed to fit a balanced provincial panel dataset in China over the period 2005–2018. The main results are fourfold. First, provinces with similar carbon emissions intensity (CEI) tend to cluster spatially. That is, a province with a high CEI usually has neighbours with high CEIs. Second, a threshold effect is confirmed, revealing that higher tax collection and management efficiency (lower tax competition) decreases CEI if technological innovation is below the threshold value; otherwise, lower tax competition usually increases CEI. Third, capital mobility is a potential mechanism through which tax competition influences CEI. Specifically, provinces with a high level of technological innovation attract more knowledge- and technology-intensive firms and crowd out firms with low innovation capacities, potentially reducing local CEI. Finally, as indicated in our spatial heterogeneity analysis, the effect of higher tax competition decreasing CEI is only observed in the western region. These findings suggest the need for cross-provincial collaboration in developing taxation policies to ensure these policies help to advance the transition to a low-carbon economy and raise capital entry barriers for high-carbon emission projects in provinces with a low level of technological innovation. Key policy insights: Cross-provincial taxation policies can be designed to encourage the transition to a low-carbon economy due to spatial agglomeration and heterogeneity of carbon emissions intensity (CEI). The focus of tax competition should be knowledge- and technology-intensive firms with a high level of technological innovation. Tax competition can be relaxed in China’s provinces with a low level of technological innovation to reduce CEI; otherwise, it should be strengthened. The central government in China could usefully raise capital entry barriers for high-carbon emission projects in provinces with low levels of technological innovation and guide local governments to attract more projects with high returns and low carbon emissions to avoid a race to the bottom.

Kuiki Credit: scaling innovation in a growing fintech startup

Learning outcomes Following successful discussion of this case, students should be able to:▪ understand and apply the principles of effectuation;▪ understand the difficulty of obtaining traditional financing in Latin America;▪ determine the importance of matching new hire and company values, particularly in a small business; and▪ analyze some of the unique problems facing a business at the point of scaling up and provide suggestions for how the protagonist could address those problems. Case overview/synopsis This case provides an introduction to the Fintech industry in South and Central America, fruitfully combining tenets of the lean startup methodology, effectual principles of entrepreneurship and a novel method of managing personal finances via decentralized vehicles provided through fintech. In addition, Kuiki Credit and its use of fintech represent a compelling example of industry disruption by an entrepreneurial firm. Owing to its unique location, this case provides students with a lens into a part of the world rife with bureaucracy and, in some cases, corruption. The disruption is thus unique in that not only does one view traditional disruption of industry dynamics, but also government policy and cultural mores. This is evinced within the body of the case through direct quotes from founder Ernesto Leal and Eduardo Morán, one of the company’s first employees. This information highlights the market Kuiki Credit pursued, one underserved by traditional financing and thus lacking access to credit.Consistent with effectual entrepreneurship principles, Ernesto Leal, the main protagonist and a Nicaraguan entrepreneur, drew upon his significant corporate experience in financial institutions and as a franchise owner to create a new venture. Kuiki Credit is designed to increase access to capital and disseminate fintech throughout Central and South America, and in particular first in Costa Rica and later in Nicaragua. The case is set in 2018, when Leal faces a scaling issue. Specifically, he wonders how to maintain an entrepreneurial company with high levels of innovation and a culture of continuous improvement despite the need to grow. Near the end of the case, some specific issues relative to culture are briefly reviewed in relation to the sales department and Leal feeling the need to restructure the company, while being encouraged by the board to hit breakeven targets for three consecutive months prior to expanding to new markets. Complexity academic level This case most appropriately lends itself to discussions in entrepreneurship at the junior or senior undergraduate level. To engage in this case most productively, students should have a basic understanding of entrepreneurship, the equivalent of two to three weeks into the semester. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS:3: Entrepreneurship.