High-level Abilities Research Articles

Readability of the Orthopaedic Trauma Association Patient Education Tool.

Online educational materials have become a fundamental resource for orthopaedic surgery patients; however, they are frequently written at a high level of reading ability and are too complicated for some patients to understand. The aim of this study was to appraise the readability of the Orthopaedic Trauma Association (OTA) patient education materials. All forty-one articles on the OTA patient education website (https://ota.org/for-patients) were analyzed for readability. Readability scores were calculated by two independent reviewers using the (1) Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) and the (2) Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) algorithms. Mean readability scores were compared across anatomic categories. One-sample t-test was done to compare mean FKGL with the recommended 6th-grade readability level and the average American adult reading level. The average (SD) FKGL of the 41 OTA articles was 8.15 (1.14). The average (SD) FRE for the OTA patient education materials was 65.5 (6.60). Four (11%) of the articles were at or below a 6th-grade reading level. The average readability of the OTA articles was significantly higher than the recommended 6th-grade level (p < 0.001, 95% CI [7.79 - 8.51]). The average readability of the OTA articles was not significantly different from the average 8th-grade reading skill level of U.S. adults (p = 0.41, 95% CI [7.79 - 8.51]). Our findings suggest that despite the majority of the OTA patient education materials having readability levels suitable for the average US adult, these reading materials are still above the recommended 6th-grade level and may be too difficult for patient comprehension.

Development of Teaching Materials to Support Merdeka Curriculum Learning on Basic Law of Chemistry Phase E

This research aims to develop teaching materials to support merdeka curriculum learning on the basic laws of chemistry phase E SMA / MA. This research uses the Educational Design Research (EDR) method using the Plomp development model as its research approach. The subjects of this study were three chemistry lecturers, two chemistry teachers and nine students with high, medium and low ability levels. Data were collected through the use of validation questionnaires and practicality questionnaires. The results showed that the teaching materials developed had an average validity of 0.89 which was included in the valid category. Furthermore, the results of the practicality test showed that students rated the teaching materials with an average practicality of 93%, which is classified as very practical. Similarly, teachers assessed the teaching materials with an average practicality of 95%, also considered very practical. Overall, the results of the study indicate that the development of teaching materials to support merdeka curriculum learning on basic chemical laws is valid and practical.

How Can I write a Discussion that is Effective?

Writing scientific papers needs a high level of ability, scientific understanding, and adherence to accepted scientific practices. Every article should fundamentally adhere to the IMRAD format, which is virtually reflected, with slight variations, throughout the entirety of contemporary scientific publishing. Writing articles requires staying on topic, having a clear beginning and finish, and drawing from every aspect of the context. Additionally, it highlights the paper's strengths and weaknesses by highlighting any confusing issues that may require additional investigation in some future research by the same or a different set of authors. Therefore, the Discussion chapter serves as the core of any scientific work. The discussion itself must make reference to the particular of the work's outcomes. When scientists prepare their papers by presenting their own results and comparing them with those of other authors with comparable topics, the author aims to emphasize the relevance of a high-quality chapter discussion.

Parental Competence as a Teacher in the Auditory Development of Children with Cochlear Implants.

The number of children with partial or total hearing loss is increasing every day, and most of them are undergoing cochlear implant surgery. The paper aims to assess the teaching competence of parents of children with cochlear implants. The study took one year (2022) in 1 [Almaty, Kazakhstan] kindergarten and 1 specialized school. Twenty-four parents of children (mean age 3.5 ± 0.5 years) and 20 parents of children of primary school age (10.0 ± 0.5 years) who underwent surgery at the age of 1-2 and 6-9 years were included in the study. A minimal number of parents had a high level of competence; sufficient competence was noticed among the two times larger number of parents; however, most of the parents had insufficient competence. The indicators of children were as follows: 3 children had a high level of listening perception; twice as many of them had a sufficient level; the same number had an insufficient level. There were more children with a low level, 3 times more than with a high level. A high level of pedagogical competence of parents correlated with a high level of children's auditory verbal abilities (on the scale of auditory ability integration). There was also a direct relationship with the level of speech development (on the scale of speech use) for children who had the surgery a year earlier. The obtained data can apply to the educational process for children with cochlear implants to improve their auditory and speech skills as quickly as possible. The involvement of parents in the education and rehabilitation of children with cochlear implants is crucial for the successful adaptation and development of the child. Parents can become irreplaceable partners of specialists and educational institutions, providing their children with optimal support and assistance on their way to the development of auditory and communication skills. To enhance parental competence in the area of auditory development of children with cochlear implants, it is recommended to participate in specialized educational programs designed for parents, offered by professionals and organizations. Additionally, actively engaging with educational resources, online materials, and informational communities is beneficial for acquiring up-to-date knowledge and receiving support from other parents, specialists, and experts.

Exploring the Multilingual Applications of ChatGPT

ChatGPT's ability to realistically mimic human conversation and its high level of ability to handle linguistic ambiguity opens new and exciting avenues in language learning. Building upon the technical affordances of ChatGPT, this study explores the perceptions of educational affordances when incorporating ChatGPT across languages discussed by language communities on YouTube and identifies best practices for its effective use in language education. Through inductive content analysis, this study discussed 18 languages categorized into four groups: (1) romanized languages with high resources, (2) non-romanized languages with high resources, (3) languages with medium resources, and (4) less frequently used languages. The findings reveal consensus that (a) ChatGPT is a valuable and remarkable tool for language teaching and, (b) learning and it cannot fully replace teachers, as humor, wit, and sympathy cannot be programmed. Two potentially significant issues or two gaps were identified and discussed: namely, the learning optimization gap and the knowledge comprehension gap.

VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS' ABILITY TO SOLVE WORD PROBLEMS IN THE TOPIC OF LINEAR EQUATIONS SYSTEM WITH TWO VARIABLES

Problem-solving is a mathematical skill that students need to develop to solve challenges in everyday life. However, this ability has yet to be fully mastered by students. Therefore, this study analyzes the problem-solving skills of ten-grade private Vocational High School students in Sragen, Central Java, Indonesia, particularly in the Linear Equations System with Two Variables (LESTV). This study used a descriptive qualitative method involving 25 Computer and Network Engineering students (CNE). The problem-solving indicators used are understanding the problem, devising a plan, carrying out the plan, and looking back. This study grouped students into three levels based on the results of the Mid Semester Assessment (MSA) of students' initial abilities, namely low, medium, and high initial ability levels. Based on the analysis, this study indicates that students with low initial ability levels are less able to understand problems and the other stages. Students with a moderate level of initial ability can meet the indicators of understanding the problem and devising a plan. Students with a high level of initial ability fulfill all problem-solving indicators. Students have been able to understand problems, devise a plan, carry out the plan, and look back. Students with a high level of initial ability can analyze and conclude the results of the answers correctly, accompanied by re-examining the solutions they have obtained.

Evidence for an amodal domain-general object recognition ability

A general object recognition ability predicts performance across a variety of high-level visual tests, categories, and performance in haptic recognition. Does this ability extend to auditory recognition? Vision and haptics tap into similar representations of shape and texture. In contrast, features of auditory perception like pitch, timbre, or loudness do not readily translate into shape percepts related to edges, surfaces, or spatial arrangement of parts. We find that an auditory object recognition ability correlates highly with a visual object recognition ability after controlling for general intelligence, perceptual speed, low-level visual ability, and memory ability. Auditory object recognition was a stronger predictor of visual object recognition than all control measures across two experiments, even though those control variables were also tested visually. These results point towards a single high-level ability used in both vision and audition. Much work highlights how the integration of visual and auditory information is important in specific domains (e.g., speech, music), with evidence for some overlap of visual and auditory neural representations. Our results are the first to reveal a domain-general ability, o, that predicts object recognition performance in both visual and auditory tests. Because o is domain-general, it reveals mechanisms that apply across a wide range of situations, independent of experience and knowledge. As o is distinct from general intelligence, it is well positioned to potentially add predictive validity when explaining individual differences in a variety of tasks, above and beyond measures of common cognitive abilities like general intelligence and working memory.

Apakah Model Pembelajaran Problem Solving Berbantuan Media Magic Spin Board Mampu Meningkatkan Literasi Sains?

Scientific literacy is one of the high-level abilities that is important for students, however, based on the results of PISA, Indonesia is in the top 10 of the bottom 10 out of 72 countries. The research aims to describe the application of problem solving models to improve scientific literacy with the help of magic spin board media. Research subjects IV SD 2 Rejosari with 20 students. The research method is Classroom Action Research and conducted in two cycles and two cycles were conducted in two meetings. This research finds improvement of the literacies, in the first cycle, the average percentage is 67.5%, good. It improves on second cycle into 79.12%, good category. good.. It can be concluded that the use of problem solving models assisted by magic spin board media can improve the scientific literacy of fourth grade students of SD 2 Rejosari

Reflection on the program requirements of doctoral students majoring in science, engineering, agriculture, and medicine in China

The cultivation of frontier science and technology talent to adapt to social needs and national rejuvenation is a challenging task faced by doctoral education in science, engineering, agriculture, and medicine in China. Ensuring the quality of doctoral education should begin with improving the related program requirements. Investigating 1142 frontier science and technology talents, this article summarizes the high-level abilities and essential characteristics that frontier science and technology talents should master from five perspectives: knowledge, ability, values, motivation, and traits. Using this as a reference, the problems in the current program requirements for 72 first-level disciplines in science, engineering, agriculture, and medicine are analyzed. The study found that the program requirements highlighted high-level ability; however, the essential character was not sufficiently stressed. Therefore, it could be adjusted by following the overall cultivation concept of doctoral students' core quality and adding the content of essential characters with clear guidance and discipline characteristics.

FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO THE USE OF CODE-SWITCHING AMONG TEACHERS AND STUDENTS IN THE CLASSROOMS

The purpose of this study is to investigate how ESL teachers in Jordan's secondary schools use their mother languages (L1). This study addresses the purpose of L1, the proportion of L1 in courses with lower and higher ability levels, and teachers' views on utilizing L1 as a pedagogical tool to facilitate target language (TL) learning. The study discovered that instructors typically employed students' first languages (L1) when instructing at lower competency levels in order to accommodate their limited language skills and to foster a less frightening learning environment. The study also discovered that in the ESL classroom, students' first language is employed for educational, managerial, and interactional objectives. Higher competence levels used it mostly for interaction. The majority, in general, expressed approval for the use of L1 because they believed that it assisted students in learning languages by lowering their emotional filters and making the information more intelligible. The findings imply that using the students' first language (L1) may be a useful strategy to speed up TL acquisition. The research recommends that teachers receive training on the most effective ways to use L1 to maximize language acquisition and it’s potential.

Problems of interpersonal interaction in a students’ group

The article explores the concept of interpersonal interaction as a necessary condition for the development of human life activity. The key problems of interaction of student groups in collaborative work are considered. The study suggests that in collaborative work on a project, each learner gains experience, learns and creates new things, and establishes contacts within the group. The conducted diagnostics indicate a high level of communicative ability of the students, and a high degree of favorable microclimate within a small group. On the basis of the studied material, the authors come to the conclusion that the students will be the most productive in working on a project in collaboration in small groups due to harmonious relations and mutual solidarity.

“What Does It Take to Succeed Here?”: The Belief That Success Requires Brilliance Is an Obstacle to Diversity

Why are some fields and occupations more diverse than others? In this review, we describe a conceptual framework—the field-specific ability beliefs (FAB) model—that provides a promising answer to this question. This model proposes that gender and racial/ethnic imbalances in a field or occupation result in part from the confluence of two beliefs: (a) the belief that success in that context requires high levels of intellectual ability (“brilliance”) and (b) the cultural stereotype that associates intellectual ability with (White) men more than other groups. We describe the FAB model and detail evidence for it, including evidence that the beliefs at its core are present even among children. We conclude by highlighting open questions.

Spatial and Numerical Abilities as Correlates of Academic Achievement in Economics

The school system's primary concern and essential function are improving students' academic performance and producing a pool of skilled human resources to help grow and develop a nation. Despite how vital economics is to society, several factors determine students' choices and interests, among which spatial and numerical abilities are significant. This has led to students’ inability to cope with real-life situations, self-independent, and basic entrepreneurial skills. The paper examined spatial and numerical abilities as correlates of academic achievement in Economics. Four research questions guided the study with three instruments to collect data analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and regression analysis at a 0.05 significance level. The results revealed that the mean of all items is higher than the criterion mean of 0.50. Students had a high level of spatial ability (0.50 &lt; 0.91), but performance in numerical ability was poor (0.50 &gt; 0.43). The relationship between the independent variable revealed a significant positive relationship (r= 0.17, p&lt;0.05(0.00)). There was a significant effect of independent variables on the dependent variable (F(2,997)= 41.093; p&lt;0.05(0.000)). Teachers should be trained on how to incorporate spatial ability in economics classes.

DEVELOPMENT OF CONDITIONED ABILITIES OF TAEKWONDO ATHLETES AT THE AGED OF 15-17 WITH THE METHOD OF CIRCULAR TRAINING

The relevance of the work is due to the fact that a high level of conditioned abilities plays a crucial role in achieving high sports achievements in taekwondo, and one of the best ways to achieve it is the method of circular training. The aim of the research is to develop an effective methodology for developing conditioned abilities of taekwondo athletes at the age of 15-17. When analyzing the results of the experiment, it was found out that the taekwondo athletes, involved in the experimental and control groups, had positive changes in conditioned abilities. Of the five exercises tested, significant differences were registered in only three of them, and in the first and fourth exercises, although there are positive changes, they are unreliable. The most effective method of joint development of conditioned abilities is the method of circular training. To increase the level of physical fitness, it is necessary to use circular workouts at least twice a week.

Effect of Attentional Bias on the 3D Rotated Objects Recognition Ability of Dogs.

The ability to recognize rotated objects has been widely reported in the animal kingdom. Studies on animal and human spatial cognition highlighted the importance of visuo-spatial cognitive capability for surviving in a dynamic world. Although domestic animals are frequently involved in activities requiring a high level of visuo-spatial ability, currently, little is known about their visuo-spatial skills. To investigate this issue, we trained six dogs to discriminate between 3D objects (using a modified version of the Shepard-Metzler task) that were then reproduced digitally on a computer. We found that the dogs recognized three-dimensional objects and their rotated versions (45° and 180°) more easily when presented on the left side of the screen, suggesting right hemisphere superiority in the control of visuo-spatial functions. Moreover, we report inter-individual variability in their performance in the visuo-spatial task. Our preliminary results suggest that dogs could use a rotational invariance process for the discrimination of 3D rotated shapes that deserves further investigation.

Novice school counselors’ countertransference management on emotional exhaustion: The role of daily emotional processes

AbstractThe present study aimed to examine the role of daily emotional processes in the relationship between countertransference (CT) management and emotional well‐being in novice school counselors. We collected data for 7 consecutive days from 305 novice school counselors in South Korea. Multilevel mediation analyses revealed that novice school counselors with low CT management ability were less likely to be aware of their emotions, increasing their daily emotional exhaustion. In contrast, novice school counselors with a high level of CT management ability were more likely to engage in daily decentering and, in turn, were less likely to experience daily emotional exhaustion. Although emotional inhibition (lack of emotional awareness) significantly exacerbated emotional exhaustion over time, decentering was not related to emotional exhaustion over time. The practical and theoretical implications of this study are discussed.

Psychological Analysis of Manifestations of Nonverbal Intelligence of Senior Pre-Schoolers in the Context of Inclusive Education

Inclusive preschool education ensures the full development of pre-schoolers with disabilities and promotes their social adaptation. The use of visual material is one of the effective means of stimulating cognitive activity in the process of preschool inclusion. The success of its perception and assimilation depends on the level of non-verbal intelligence.&#x0D; Aim: The research aims to analyze the manifestations of non-verbal intelligence in healthy senior pre-schoolers and children with disabilities.&#x0D; Methods: The research involved theoretical methods of systematization and generalization of academic information, as well as empirical methods of psychological diagnostics. Statistical indicators were determined through descriptive statistics and a one-factor analysis of variance.&#x0D; Results: The study's results showed a high level of nonverbal intelligence and creative abilities in healthy senior pre-schoolers and pre-schoolers with disabilities. The analysis didn’t reveal any statistically significant differences (р≥0.05) between the indicators of non-verbal intelligence of the studied healthy senior pre-schoolers and pre-schoolers with disabilities.&#x0D; Conclusions: children with disabilities have medium-high indicators of the development of non-verbal intelligence and creative abilities, which do not statistically differ from the indicators of their healthy peers.&#x0D; Prospects: The obtained results can contribute to developing adaptation schemes for children with disabilities in the context of inclusive education. The obtained data provide the background for expanding the teaching materials for developing non-verbal intelligence in inclusive groups.

The Jordanian Population's Knowledge, Attitudes, and Willingness to Help People with Autism: A Cross-Sectional Study.

To assess the knowledge and attitudes of the general public in Jordan towards autism. In addition, we aimed to assess their awareness of various treatment options for autism, and their attentiveness and willingness to assist. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Jordan for the period between April and May 2022 using an online questionnaire developed based on a literature review. A total of 833 individuals in Amman city completed the questionnaires assessing participant demographics, knowledge of and attitude towards ADS, awareness of management options, perception, and ability to help. Using logistic regression, the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for those who are more likely to be informed about autism were determined. The participants' overall understanding of autism spectrum disorder was poor, with a mean score of 6.2 (SD: 3.1) out of 17, or 36.5%. The participants showed a moderately positive attitude towards autism, with an average agreement of 60.9% for government support for ADS children. The items about management options auditory integration training therapy had the highest level (50.1%). Additionally, the participants showed a moderate to high level of attention and ability to help people with autism. The majority confirmed that they see the need to implement changes in public facilities to meet the needs of autistic patients (71.8%). When compared to others, females, aged below 30, single, with family income less than 500 JD, holding a bachelor's degree, and working outside the healthcare field had a higher likelihood of knowing more about the autism spectrum condition (p ≤ 0.05). Our research illustrates the lack of awareness and knowledge among the Jordanian population regarding autism. To fill this gap, educational awareness programs should be conducted to promote Jordanian knowledge regarding autism and find ways in which communities, organisations, and governments can support so as to allow for early diagnoses and an appropriate treatment plan and therapy for autistic children.

Analisis Kesulitan Siswa Dalam Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Pada Materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel Kelas VIII SMPN 1 Biru-Biru

This study aims to determine the difficulties experienced by students and to determine the level of mathematical problem solving ability of grade VIII students of SMP N 1 Blue – Blue. In this study using qualitative descriptive method. The population in this study was the entire class VIII of SMP Negeri 1 Biru – Biru consisting of 6 classes whose total students were 183 students. while the sampling in this study was as suggested by the teacher, namely class VIII-1 whose number of students was 31 students where there were 3 subjects whose subjects were selected based on high, medium, and low ability levels. The material used in this study is the Two Variable Linear Equation System (SPLDV). As a research instrument, test result data is used in the form of essay tests on SPLDV material, where each question amounts to 3 questions and has been validated by mathematics lecturers. The results of the analysis obtained are based on written tests conducted in class VIII-1. Subjects who have a high level of ability are able to answer questions well and only experience slight obstacles in calculating operations, but can be corrected by these subjects, subjects who have a moderate level of ability are able to understand problems and determine variables but have difficulty translating problems into mathematical sentences, err in operations so that they are wrong in calculations. Subjects who have a low level of ability are able to understand problems and determine variables but are unable to understand problems on varied problems. The subject has not been able to sort the information on the problem, and the subject has difficulty identifying the information on the problem and the formulas used to create the mathematical model. The subject does not master the principle of operation of algebra. The subject has not been able to complete correctly, the subject made some mistakes and was not careful in calculations.

Effects of Computer-Animation among NCE Students’ of Different Ability Levels in Biology Concepts in Bauchi State, Nigeria

Computer-animation is the use of computer device to create an illusion of moving images in sequential form. Computer-animations, when effectively used in teaching abstract and complex concepts especially in Biology, better performance could be granted. This study investigated the effects of computer-animation on NCE students with different ability levels in Biology concepts in Bauchi State, Nigeria. The objective of the study was to determine the effects of ability levels on NCE students’ performance when taught biology concepts using computer-animation-package. The study adopted quasi-experimental design. The population for this study comprised 2,594 Biology students in colleges of education in Bauchi State, while the target population was 878 NCE II Biology students. There are four NCE-awarding institutions in the State of which only two run Biology Education programme at the NCE level. Sixty NCE II Biology students participated (42 for experimental of 21 males, 21 females taught using animation-package and 18 for control group of 9 males and 9 females taught with lesson note). Six instruments were developed: animation-package, questionnaire, lesson notes, to-do lists, manual and test. The 6 instruments were validated but only the animation-package test items were pilot tested for reliability. The results were 0.432 for pretest, and 0.001 for posttest. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer research question. Analysis of Variance at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed no significant difference in the performance of high ability, medium ability and low ability levels students, when taught biology concepts using computer-animation. The study concluded that computer-animation strategy enhanced NCE students’ academic performance in biology concepts irrespective of their ability levels. The implication is that computer-animation instructional strategies played significant role in the teaching and learning biology concepts among students with different ability levels in colleges of education in Bauchi State, Nigeria. The study recommended that lecturers of Biology in colleges of education to incorporate computer-animation into their teaching