High Frequency Terms Research Articles

Prevention of Age-Related-Increases in the Risks of Incident Functional Disability and Dementia by Home-Delivered Functional Dairy Product Consumption in Japanese Older Adults.

Dairy products formulated with bioactives are widely distributed in Japan, but it remains to be clear whether a regular consumption of these products would help reduce the risks of incidental functional disability and dementia in older adults. This study aimed to investigate Japanese subjects aged ≥65 y (n=629) that routinely consumed three functional dairy products, a calcium-enriched milk supplemented with Bifidobacterium longum BB536, a yogurt supplemented with lactoferrin, B. longum BB536 and heat-killed Lacticaseibacillus paracasei MCC1849, and a drinkable yogurt supplemented with lactoferrin, B. longum BB536 and heat-killed L. paracasei MCC1849, through a home delivery service. Intake frequency and intake duration of these functional dairy products were compared with the risk scores of incident functional disability and dementia, developed by the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. In the participants aged <75 y, the incident functional disability risk was significantly maintained or decreased in the participants with the long intake duration level compared with the short intake duration level (OR, 95% CI: 0.48, 0.25-0.93). In the participants aged ≥75 y, the dementia risk was significantly maintained or decreased in the participants with the high intake frequency level compared with the low intake frequency level (OR, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.22-0.95). A high intake frequency or long term duration of these functional dairy products may be effective in preventing an aging-related increase in the risks of incident functional disability and dementia in older adults, but this warrants further investigation using different products containing different bioactives.

Association rule mining with a special rule coding and dynamic genetic algorithm for air quality impact factors in Beijing, China.

Understanding air quality requires a comprehensive understanding of its various factors. Most of the association rule techniques focuses on high frequency terms, ignoring the potential importance of low- frequency terms and causing unnecessary storage space waste. Therefore, a dynamic genetic association rule mining algorithm is proposed in this paper, which combines the improved dynamic genetic algorithm with the association rule mining algorithm to realize the importance mining of low- frequency terms. Firstly, in the chromosome coding phase of genetic algorithm, an innovative multi-information coding strategy is proposed, which selectively stores similar values of different levels in one storage unit. It avoids storing all the values at once and facilitates efficient mining of valid rules later. Secondly, by weighting the evaluation indicators such as support, confidence and promotion in association rule mining, a new evaluation index is formed, avoiding the need to set a minimum threshold for high-interest rules. Finally, in order to improve the mining performance of the rules, the dynamic crossover rate and mutation rate are set to improve the search efficiency of the algorithm. In the experimental stage, this paper adopts the 2016 annual air quality data set of Beijing to verify the effectiveness of the unit point multi-information coding strategy in reducing the rule storage air, the effectiveness of mining the rules formed by the low frequency item set, and the effectiveness of combining the rule mining algorithm with the swarm intelligence optimization algorithm in terms of search time and convergence. In the experimental stage, this paper adopts the 2016 annual air quality data set of Beijing to verify the effectiveness of the above three aspects. The unit point multi-information coding strategy reduced the rule space storage consumption by 50%, the new evaluation index can mine more interesting rules whose interest level can be up to 90%, while mining the rules formed by the lower frequency terms, and in terms of search time, we reduced it about 20% compared with some meta-heuristic algorithms, while improving convergence.

Iron-Related Laboratory Profile May Predict Response and MRD Negativity Rate in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients

Introduction: iron metabolism is deeply related to the pathogenesis and prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and remains largely unexplored in the era of MRD-driven therapy. Several studies have assessed prognostic implications of altered iron-related laboratory values at diagnosis and there is growing interest towards the inherent pathobiology of iron in AML since new therapeutic strategies (i.e. targeting ferroptosis) are being investigated. Nonetheless, no clear association has been established between a specific risk subtype of AML within the new ELN2022 classification and a metabolic iron signature at diagnosis. Furthermore, data correlating an altered iron profile at diagnosis with post-induction response, rate of infections and need for PRBC transfusions are lacking. Methods: We performed a retrospective monocentric analysis in intensively (IC) and non-intensively (NIC) treated AML patients. Effects of altered iron parameters at diagnosis (at least one between ferritin and transferrin saturation [TSAT] according to local-lab reference range) were investigated sub-dividing patients into an altered (AC) vs a non-altered cohort (NAC). 110 AML patients diagnosed between June 2019 and April 2023 were screened for this study. 62 patients were eligible: 46 IC (AC:22 vs NAC:24) and 16 NIC (AC:12 vs NAC:4) patients were analysed. 48 patients were excluded because of previous PRBC transfusions (if &amp;gt; 5 PRBC), active infection at diagnosis or severe comorbidity. We compared the two cohorts in terms of ELN22 risk classification, frequency of MDS-related mutations using an NGS-based panel, TP53 mutation rate, and rate of complex karyotype (CK). Furthermore, we compared AC vs NAC (both in IC and NIC) in terms of overall survival (OS), morphologic complete response (CR) rate, rate of post-induction measurable residual disease negativity (both PCR-based and MFC based), rate of G4 infections and PRBC transfusions during induction. In addition, ferritin and TSAT cut-off values to predict CR and MRD response were calculated using ROC analysis. Selection bias was assessed considering age, risk category, PRBC count before therapy, therapy regimen, comorbidity using Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) and CRP values. Results: There was not a significant difference in terms of high risk subtype frequency between AC vs NAC group in both the IC and NIC population (IC p: 0,39/NIC p: 0,29). In both macro-groups, the AC group did not show a significantly higher frequency of CK (IC p: 0,66/NIC p: 0,84), TP53 mutations (IC p: 0,91/NIC p: 1) and MDS-related mutations (IC p: 0,76/NIC p: 0,14). OS was not significantly different in the AC group in both IC and NIC (IC p: 0,16/ NIC p: 0,62). No significant differences were found between the two cohorts in terms of post-induction CR rate (IC p: 0,6/NIC p: 0,25), MRD-negativity rate (IC p: 1/NIC p: 1) and rate of G4 infective complications (IC p: 0,5/NIC p: 0,59). In the IC patients with high risk disease, an altered iron profile at diagnosis correlated with a higher need (&amp;gt;10) of PRBC during induction compared to high risk patients with normal iron profile (p-value 0,014). Iron-related lab values at diagnosis were informative in predicting post-induction CR and MRD status in both the IC and NIC population. In the IC population (figure 1) a ferritin cut-off value of 190 ng/ml (AUC: 0.625) predicted CR rate while a TSAT cut-off value of 48% (AUC: 0,587) was informative about MRD negativity rate. Similarly, in the NIC population a ferritin cut-off value of 246 ng/ml (AUC: 0,772) was informative about MRD negativity rate (figure 2). Conclusions: Our retrospective study did not find an undisputable correlation between a specific ELN2022 AML risk subtype or gene-mutation using NGS and altered iron lab-values at diagnosis, whereas an association in ELN2022 high risk IC patients regarding PRBC transfused during induction in AC vs NAC was found. Although the AC did not exhibit a shorter OS compared to the NAC in both IC and NIC population, specific iron-related cut-off values were informative about disease response to both intensive and non-intensive treatments, including MRD negativity rate. Larger clinical trials to dissect iron-metabolism in AML pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment are highly warranted. Keywords: Acute Myeloid Leukemia, iron metabolism, ferritin, transferrin saturation, ELN22, MDS-related gene mutations, NGS, induction therapy, MRD, OS, transfusion rate

LiNbO3 Surface Acoustic Wave Resonators with Large Effective Electromechanical Coupling

This paper reports an LNO surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonator based on a shear horizontal mode with high operating frequency over 3 GHz, large electromechanical coupling of 33.54%, Q factor of 380, and a relatively good figure of merit (FOM) of 127. Combing crystal-ion-slicing (CIS) technology with a room temperature bonding method, a 4-inch single crystalline LNO thin film on silicon is prepared successfully. The influence of damaged LNO film on crystalline quality and SAW performance is comprehensively analyzed. After totally removing the damaged layer, the electromechanical coupling and Q factor is significantly improved. The high-performance SAW resonator possesses the potential to meet the requirements of SAW filters for the fifth-generation (5G) communication in terms of high frequency, large bandwidth, and a high-quality factor.

Global research trends and focus on the link between colorectal cancer and gut flora: a bibliometric analysis from 2001 to 2021.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly prevalent cancer, and the global healthcare system bears a significant burden due to its incidence. Modulating the gut microbiota is a promising approach to enhance the efficacy of CRC treatment and reduce its adverse effects. The causal relationship between specific microorganisms' presence and CRC development has been widely validated. However, few studies have investigated this relationship using bibliometric methods. Therefore, this study analyzed the research hotspots and trends in human gut microbiology and CRC over the last two decades from a bibliometric perspective. The study aims to provide novel insights into basic and clinical research in this field. The articles and reviews on gut microbiota in CRC were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) on November 2, 2022. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to conduct the bibliometric and knowledge-map analysis. A total of 2,707 publications were obtained, with a rapid increase in the number of publications since 2015. The United States and China are the main contributors in this field and have established a network of partnerships in several countries. 414 academic journals have published articles on this topic. The author with the highest number of publications is Jun Yu from the Chinese University of Hong Kong. In addition to "intestinal flora" and "colorectal cancer," high frequency terms in the keyword co-occurrence network analysis included inflammatory bowel disease, Fusobacterium nucleatum, inflammation, long-chain fatty acids, ulcerative colitis, bile acids, and resistant starch. Analysis of keyword trends using burst testing revealed that biomarkers, abnormal crypt foci, bifidobacteria, β-glucuronidase, short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, and DNA methylation are at the forefront of research in this area. The findings of this study provide a bibliometric analysis and visualization of the key research areas in gut microbiota and CRC over the past 20 years. The results suggest that the role of gut microbiota in CRC and its underlying mechanisms should be closely monitored, particularly in the areas of biomarkers, metabolic pathways, and DNA methylation, which may emerge as hot topics in this field.

Highly Efficient CO Oxidation on Atomically Thin Pt Plates Supported on Irreducible Si 7 × 7

Electronic interaction between metal nanoparticles and irreducible supports is an important aspect of heterogeneous catalysis due to its capability of controlling the associated catalytic performance. We elucidate the relationship between metal–support electronic interactions and catalytic activity on size-selected singe layered platinum plates Ptn (n = 10, 20, 30, and 45) supported on a Si (111)-7 × 7 reconstructed surface (Si-RS). Our first-principles density functional theory study shows that CO oxidation catalysis over Pt supported on the nonreducible Si-RS is affected by variations in charge transfer, cluster size, and electronic interactions between clusters and support. CO adsorbs on Ptn adsorption sites in two distinct ranges of adsorption energies, which explains the experimentally observed two different desorption temperatures of CO. Pt30/Si-RS is more active than other Ptn/Si-RS under the same conditions, showing markedly enhanced catalytic activity in terms of high turnover frequency of CO2 production. This superior activity originates from the optimum CO and O2 adsorption on Pt30 arising from the position of the d-band center being midway between their π orbitals. Experimental observations convey that the TOFs of CO2 production on Pt30(45)/Si-RS are very high, and these are tolerant to CO poisoning between 450 and 550 K. DFT computations of TOF on Pt30(45)/Si-RS for CO2 validate the experimentally observed trends at 350, 450, and 550 K and exhibit that the CO oxidation activity exceeds that of the conventional catalysts between 450 and 550 K. Our results depict the importance of size control and electronic structure tailoring while designing Pt-based catalysts and will motivate the effective utilization of rare elements on irreducible substrates.

Understanding the Degradation of 1.2-kV Planar-Gate SiC MOSFETs Under Repetitive Over-Load Current Stress

Silicon carbide (SiC) metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) has superior performances in terms of high switching frequency and low power loss, but its widespread applications in markets have been partly hindered by its ruggedness and reliability. Overcurrent operation is a common phenomenon which causes overheat of power devices and further leads to degradation or even device failures in power electronic systems. However, in- depth degradation mechanism and limiting factors of repetitive overcurrent capability have not been comprehensively studied yet. In this article, we investigated the conduction and the switching overcurrent stress separately to figure out the roles of each operation processes in the degradation of 1.2-kV SiC planar-gate MOSFETs for the first time. It is observed that the conduction overcurrent stress causes a positive shift of threshold voltage, while the switching overcurrent stress leads to a negative shift of threshold voltage as well as larger gate leakage current. Electrons captured at the SiC/SiO2 interface may be the reason for the positive shift of threshold voltage, while the negative shift of threshold voltage may be due to the injection and accumulation of the holes into the gate oxide at JFET and near-channel region. Both experimental results and simulation analysis show that the switching overcurrent stress plays a major role in the degradation of 1.2-kV SiC planar-gate MOSFETs under repetitive overcurrent stress. In addition, the influence of major limiting factors, including overcurrent level, overcurrent duration, and drain–source voltage, is also investigated to evaluate the reliability of SiC planar-gate MOSFETs under different overcurrent conditions, which will provide a useful guidance for dedicated design and utilization of SiC MOSFETs.

Impact of Short-Term Heart Rate Variability in Patients with STEMI Treated by Delayed versus Immediate Stent in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective Patients with ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) have been treated with the delayed stent strategy to reduce the occurrence of postoperative no-reflow and improve the recovery of postoperative cardiac function. However, the effects of electrocardiac activity and autonomic nerve function after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) have been rarely reported. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of short-term heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with STEMI treated by immediate stent (IS) and delayed stent (DS) strategy. Methods A total of 178 patients with STEMI were divided into 124 cases (69.66%) in the IS group and 54 cases (30.34%) in the DS group from July 2019 to September 2021. The mean heart rate, premature ventricular contraction (PVC), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVED), and HRV indexes were compared between the two groups. Results In terms of cardiac electrical stability, the number of PVCs, the percentage of PVCs, and the number of paired PVCs in the DS group were lower than those in the IS group. In terms of HRV, high frequency (HF) and standard deviation of all NN (SDNN) intervals were higher in the patients with DS strategy than IS strategy. There were no significant differences in the LVED and LVEF between the two groups. Conclusion Compared to the IS strategy, the DS strategy in pPCI in patients with STEMI has advantages in postoperative cardiac electrical stability and short-term cardiac autonomic nerve function, with no difference in postoperative short-term cardiac function.

Cross-time-frequency analysis of volatility linkages in global currency markets: an extended framework

This research aims to detect cross-border volatility linkages among various currencies within the foreign exchange market with respect to different sampling frequencies. Eleven currency pairs are included in the sample, which covers a period from 2009 to 2020. Volatility linkages among these selected exchange rates were tested by utilizing a multivariate VAR-BEKK-GARCH model. Results indicate that volatility linkages among currencies sampled are far stronger in higher frequency terms. Strikingly, the results denote that the major currencies do not play a strong leading role in volatility transmission. This finding is more apparent when daily and intraday results are compared.

Correlation of term usage and term indexing frequencies

There have been several studies on the distributions of index terms, title terms, authors and other elements used in searching bibliographic databases. What is needed is to relate this information of the actual usage of terms in searching. This study uses data from monitoring the actual usage of terms in an online catalog at the School of Library and Information Science at the University of Western Ontario. Every time a term was used in a search expression, a count in the dictionary file was updated. If a word was not in the dictionary it was added. In this way we can see which words are in the catalog and not searched and also those which were searched but not in the dictionary. As a check on other studies the rank distribution of terms used in searching was checked and found to be of a general Zipf type.&#x0D; The main interest was to check if high frequency terms in the catalog were used frequently in searching. Several measures of this were tried. First the regular scatterplot of frequency of use in the catalog versus the frequency in searching was checked and Pearson’s correlation coefficient was calculated. The correlation was reasonably high at 0.74. Since the total number of terms and frequencies was much larger in the catalog, a plot of the rank of the terms in the catalog was plotted against the rank of the term in searching.&#x0D; This provided a very scattered plot with less clustering at the origin as in the original plot of frequencies. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient was moderate at 0.58. Some studies have suggested that removing high frequency and very low frequency terms from the search vocabulary will improve retrieval performance. This data shows that many general users actually use these terms in searching.&#x0D; Currently a sample of search words are being analyzed for factors which affect the correlation, such as errors in both the catalog and searching, the effect of truncations, and the effect of stemming (which was done on both the catalog vocabulary and the search terms).

Are We Indeed So Illuded? Recency and Frequency Illusions in Dutch Prescriptivism

In 2005, Arnold Zwicky posited two misapprehensions about language: the Recency Illusion, or the false idea that certain language variation is new, and the Frequency Illusion, the erroneous belief that a particular word or phrase occurs often. Since their conception, these concepts have received widespread attention in popular scientific linguistics, but quantitative research investigating their application is scarce. The purpose of this paper is to provide an empirical investigation of Zwicky’s proposed illusions. It does so by collecting statements about recency (‘this word is new’) and frequency (‘this construction occurs often’) from a database of Dutch prescriptive publications (1900–2018). I assessed their accuracy by comparing them to linguistic sources, including dictionaries, and usage corpora and other data. Our research showed that recency statements were rare, but that frequency statements, especially using high frequency terms such as vaak (‘often’), were commonplace. Compared to usage, most prescriptive recency and frequency statements for both lexis and grammar indeed constituted Zwickian illusions. This seems partly due to genuine erroneous or unsupported beliefs by authors, but also partly to prescriptive genre conventions and rhetorical choices. Our explorative research highlights the complex usage–prescriptivism interface, and argues for more research into this aspect of language perceptions.

RF/Analog and Linearity Performance Evaluation of Lattice-matched Ultra-thin AlGaN/GaN Gate Recessed MOSHEMT with Silicon Substrate

In this article, the authors have demonstrated and analyzed various analog/RF, and linearity performances of an AlGaN/GaN gate recessed MOSHEMT (GR-MOSHEMT) grown on a Si substrate with mathematical modeling based Technology Computer-Aided Design (TCAD) simulation. Specifically, an Al2O3 dielectric GR-MOSHEMT has shown tremendous potential in terms of AC/DC figure of merits (FOM’s) such as low leakage current, high transconductance, high Ion/Ioff current ratio, and excellent linear properties corresponding to conventional AlGaN/GaN HEMT and MOSHEMT. The figure-of-merit metrics such as VIP2, VIP3, IIP3, and IDM3 are performed for the different drain to source voltages (VDS) of 2.5 V, 5 V, and 10 V. All the modeling and simulation results are generated by Commercial Silvaco TCAD and found to be satisfactory in terms of high frequency and power applications. The present GR-MOSHEMT device shows superior performance with a threshold voltage of 0.5 V, a Current density of 888 mA, a high transconductance of 225 mS/mm, and a high unit gain cut-off frequency 0.91GHz. The developed AlGaN/GaN GR-MOSHEMT considerably improves the device performance and is also suitable for high power distortion-less RF applications.

Knowledge and Attitude towards Vitamin D among Saudi Female university students at Princess Nourah University

Aims: The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitude towards vitamin D and sunlight exposure among female university students.&#x0D; Study Design: Cross Sectional study design.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted among 500 female Saudi students in Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University (PNU).&#x0D; Methodology: A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge about vitamin D sources, health benefits and effects of vitamin D deficiency and assessing the attitude towards vitamin D and sunlight exposure.&#x0D; Results: The present study recognized that health college students (52.7%) had better knowledge than non-health college students (47.3%). Although PNU students had good knowledge about vitamin D, only 6.0% of them knew the current recommended daily dose. Female students showed good behavior and attitude in terms of high frequency of sunlight exposure daily (34.8%). Educational institutions were the main sources of information about vitamin D (43%). Hot weather (54.8%) and fear of pigmentation (51.2) were the main reasons for limited sunlight exposure among students.&#x0D; Conclusion: There was a good level of knowledge (52.2%) about vitamin D sources, benefits and effects of vitamin D deficiency among female students. In fact, health college students had better knowledge about vitamin D than non-health college students. Hot weather (54.8%) and fear of pigmentation (51.2%) were the main barriers to sunlight exposure.

Surgical outcomes of tension-free vaginal tape (TVT)- abbrevo® and TVT-obturator® for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence: a retrospective study.

ObjectiveWe compared the efficacy and postoperative complications of tension-free vaginal tape (TVT)-abbrevo® (TVT-A) and TVT-obturator® (TVT-O) surgeries for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 143 female patients with SUI who underwent TVT-A or TVT-O surgery between January 2010 and December 2019 at the Asan Medical Center in Seoul. We evaluated intra- and postoperative complications such as bladder injury, groin pain, urinary retention, and mesh exposure. We also checked the success rate at 6 months after surgery.ResultsThere were no complications, including fever, hematuria, hematoma of the vulva, or bladder injury, immediately after surgery in either group. Postoperative complications 2 weeks post-surgery were groin pain (11.3%), urinary retention (4.9%), and mesh exposure (0.7%). Groin pain was not significantly different between the two groups at 2 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after surgery (TVT-O vs. TVT-A after 2 weeks: 12.5% vs. 10.3%, P=0.791; 3 months: 0.0% vs. 1.4%, P=0.999; and 6 months: 0.0% vs. 0.0%, P=0.999). Over 90% of the patients reported cure or improved symptoms in both groups. In the univariate logistic analysis, the type of TVT (TVT-O or TVT-A) was not associated with the success rate (odds ratio, 3.21; 95% confidence interval, 0.59–17.40; P=0.175).ConclusionTVT-A surgery is comparable with TVT-O in terms of high success rate and low frequency of complications, including bladder injury and groin pain.

Graph signal processing based underwater image enhancement techniques

This paper presents two new methods based on graph signal processing (GSP) techniques to enhance underwater images. The proposed schemes utilize the graph Fourier transform (GFT) and graph wavelet filterbanks in place of the conventional Fourier and wavelet transforms. Initially, the raw images are represented on a chosen graph structure, and then the root-filtering is applied in the GFT and graph wavelet transform (GWT) domains in the present work. It is observed that the root-filtering parameter plays a crucial role in the image enhancement process. The root filtering method highlights the high frequency terms, which pertain to edges and textural elements with smaller amplitudes, while de-emphasizing the higher magnitude frequency components. As a result, the high frequency components are accentuated in contrast to the lower frequencies, resulting in a sharper and more visually appealing image. The simulation results of the proposed techniques are compared with the existing enhancement methods. It is shown that the proposed approaches offer more improvement in the enhanced image quality than the current methods considered in this paper. It is also seen that the root-filtering parameter in the range of 0.75 to 0.95 and Mexican hat wavelet in the proposed graph wavelet filterbank based approach with N = 5 improve the quality of enhancement of underwater images.

Prevalence and influencing factors of hearing status for workers with different subjective perception of hearing in Wuhan City from 2017 to 2019

Objective To investigate the hearing status and influencing factors of hearing among people with different subjective perception of hearing in Wuhan City from 2017 to 2019. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to select some automobile manufacturing workers who underwent physical examination in Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Disease from Jan 2017 to Dec 2019 as the research subjects. Questionnaire survey and pure tone threshold test were conducted. After excluding individuals with missing information, a total of 15 594 individuals were finally included for analysis and research. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of hearing status for workers with different subjective perception of hearing. Results Among the 15 594 male workers in automobile manufacturing industry, the proportion of subjective feeling of hearing for good, general and poor was 45.86% (7 152/15 594), 51.75% (8 070/15 594) and 2.39% (372/15 594), respectively. In terms of speech frequency, the proportion of hearing loss of the workers with good subjective hearing was 3.45%. In terms of high frequency, the proportion of hearing loss of workers with good subjective hearing was 18.47%. Age≥40 (OR=4.53, 95% CI=3.34-6.14, P Conclusion Some people with good subjective perception of hearing still have hearing loss, and risk factors of hearing loss among people with different subjective perception of hearing are different.

Solidly Mounted Longitudinally Excited Shear Wave Resonator (YBAR) Based on Lithium Niobate Thin-Film.

This paper proposed a solid-mounted (SM) longitudinally excited shear wave resonator (i.e., YBAR). By adopting a 200 nm x-cut LiNbO3 film, top (aluminum) and bottom (platinum) electrodes in 50 nm thickness and 500 nm width, this resonator simultaneously achieves an operating frequency over 5 GHz with an electromechanical coupling coefficient exceeding 50%. Compared with previously proposed YBAR with suspended structure, the proposed SM-YBAR can effectively suppress unwanted spurious modes with only a slight loss of the electromechanical coupling coefficient. The SM-YABR also provides better device stability, possible low-temperature drift coefficient, and a more convenient and mature device processing. It has the potential to meet the multiple requirements for the next generation signal processing devices in terms of high frequency, large bandwidth, stability, and low cost, etc.

The rise of global research trends on cathinones during 1994-2018: lessons from a systematic bibliometric analysis

ABSTRACT Background Cathinones have emerged as a worldwide health concern due to their increasing use. Objectives The aim of this study was to perform a bibliometric review of global research trends in psychoactive cathinones as illegal addictive substances. Methods We developed a search strategy and established several databases based on Web of Science (WoS) screening. After screening, 944 scientific papers from 1994 to 2018 (including 99 in the substance-abuse category) were used for scientometric analysis regarding various indicators, including outputs trends, institution/country/territory contributions, and high-frequency terms. Results Analyses indicated that annual publications increased dramatically after 2011, then showed fluctuating increases. Institutions in developed countries, especially the United States and European countries, demonstrated high contribution to outstanding papers and top-cited publications. High-frequency terms, which are indicative of widely covered research topics, included pharmacological effects, chemical analysis, clinical neurology, as well as toxicity, psychology, and behavior. Conclusions This bibliometric analysis revealed the emerging trends in research interest on cathinones, especially designer drug synthesis. Therefore, regulations should be updated to set clear boundaries related to potential medical and illegal use. With joint academic and societal effort, research strategies and prevention policies related to these illegal stimulants could be improved.

Network analysis and scientific mapping of the field of e-learning in Iran

The main objectives at this research to network analysis and present the scientific map of the field of e-learning in Iran. The importance of this research is to identify emerging and prominent subject areas; and to identify and analyze the co-occurrence network of the e-learning in Iran based on the closeness and betweenness centrality measures. It is a scientometric research, using quantitative method and citation analysis. In order to draw a scientific map of e-learning research literature, the data were extracted from the Web of Science database within a specified time period. The retrieved records were formatted using WC10.exe conversion software, and were then mapped using VOSviewer software. The findings revealed a growing trend in the number of articles published in the field of e-learning, and this number increases on an annual basis. The most widely used subject areas in the field of e-learning were identified. High frequency keywords such as e-learning, education, technology, system and satisfaction are the newly emerging and active concepts in this field. Regarding the widely used subject areas in the field of e-learning, it was noted that the two areas of e-learning and education are ranked first and second as the most frequently used terms. The keywords “technology, system and satisfaction” are the other high frequency terms representing the newly emerging concepts in this field. The field of e-learning was mapped based on the closeness centrality measure and its findings revealed that topics such as learning, technology & system learning have the greatest impact on the map. In contrast, information technology, education technology and learning with the lowest centrality and the least impact.

An Interactive Dialogue Agent to Assist African American and Hispanic/Latino Heart Failure Patients with Self-Care Needs

Introduction Heart failure (HF) is a public health problem, and self-care remains poor, especially among minorities. Access to personalized educational material via an interactive dialogue agent (DA), a system intended to converse with humans in natural language, has the potential to improve self-care. This abstract outlines the initial steps of developing an artificial intelligence-based DA to assist African American (AA) and Hispanic/Latino (H/L) HF patients with their self-care needs. Hypothesis Analysis of HF education sessions between health educators (HE) and patients can provide insight into the topics that AA and H/L patients value. Method In this IRB approved pilot study, we have recorded, transcribed, and verified 20 (18 AA and 2 H/L) HF education sessions between HE and HF patients. Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), a topic modeling algorithm and Empath, a text analysis tool were used to identify common discussion topics in the transcripts. An initiative analysis was performed to identify conversation drivers where each turn (unit of speech by a single speaker, without interruption from the other speaker) was classified as either a question (ending with ‘?’), a prompt (having only filler words like umm, okay) or an assertion/command (others). Lastly, we compared the transcripts against a HF ontology published by the National Center for Biomedical Ontology and the Consumer Health Vocabulary (CHV) available in the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) to identify the term overlap. Results On average, HE took 117 turns comprising 205 sentences and 2281 words per conversation, whereas patients took 108 turns comprising 131 sentences and 850 words. Per conversation, HE asked 26 questions and had 17 prompts as opposed to 3 questions and 39 prompts by the patients. LDA identified HF and heart function, effects of HF, low salt diet, and follow-up appointment and medication as the top 4 most common topics discussed by the HE. When looking at the entire transcripts, Empath identified eating, health, and cooking as the most common topics for both the HE and the patients. Patients frequently discussed children and family, whereas HE focused on providing HF information as indicated by LDA. Lastly, only 2.1% of HE terms overlapped with the HF ontology. Our analysis revealed that 25% and 22% of the terms (without stop words such as at, the) used by the patients and HE respectively match with the ‘preferred label’ in the CHV. For both, the high frequency terms included heart, heart failure, salt, water, and fluid. This also correlated with our topic analysis findings from Empath and LDA. Conclusion Our analysis helps triangulate the kind of information HE and HF patients value. Though mostly HE dominated the conversation, it is essential to incorporate the topics that patients brought up into the DA and use culturally sensitive vocabulary while communicating them. Next, we will collect more recordings, conduct focus groups, and evaluate the usability of our prototype DA.