Higher Educational Institution Research Articles

Didactic conditions for improving demonstration experiments in physics in pedagogical universities

Relevance. The relevance of the research is conditioned upon the problems of improving the methodological foundations of teaching physics in the format of a visual experiment for the sustainable development of the educational process in a pedagogical higher educational institution. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to develop a model for conducting demonstration experiments on the subject of physics using computer technology in pedagogical universities. Methodology. The leading method to investigate this problem is testing developed by M.I. Lukyanova and N.V. Kalinina's "Methodology for studying the motivation of students' learning". Results. For more successful assimilation and understanding of practical material within the subject of physics, a model for organising practical experiments considering environmental orientation was developed. It includes a demonstration of a multi-level process with didactic conditions, such as starting from the final version in its practical application of a physical phenomenon or a set of mechanisms. The process gradually deepens knowledge, beginning from the mechanical work of the object made to a detailed examination of each chain of its operations. This is accompanied by explanations at the level of physical formulas and regularities. Conclusions. The study showed that the developed model enhances learning experiences in physics. It emphasizes practical experiments visible through computer simulations, fostering intellectual development and environmental conservation awareness. This model enhances both the educational process and practical applications in physics, benefiting teachers, physicists, and educators alike. Keywords: physics; experiment demonstration; methodology; visibility of the educational process; education

FORMATION OF FUTURE MANAGERS' PROFESSIONAL STRESS RESISTANCE AS A CONDITION FOR THEIR COMPETITIVENESS

The article is devoted to the issue of formation of professional stress resistance of managers in terms of their competitiveness. The state of research in scientific sources on the issue of managers’ professional stress resistance is analyzed and the necessity of targeted influence to level up the future managers’ professional stress resistance at the stage of master’s training in a higher educational institution is substantiated. The study's purpose: to clarify the essence of professional stress resistance, to develop a comprehensive program for its formation in future managers, and determine the content, directions, and ways of its implementation at the stage of master's training. The results of a diagnostic study using the developed questionnaire and the SACS-strategy and coping behavior model (S. Hobfoll) are presented. A comprehensive program for the formation of future managers’ professional stress resistance is created. Ways of its implementation at the stage of master’s training in a higher educational institution are outlined. This program provides for the search and activation of stress resistance resources, the formation of constructive coping strategies in management activities, the development of assertiveness, and the harmonization of the personality of future managers. The ways of implementing a comprehensive program for the formation of professional stress resistance of future managers are identified: educational activities (lectures, practical classes, independent work), individual consultative and methodological work, participation in training groups, independent and research work, participation in volunteer activities/volunteer educational projects, non-formal education of master's students. The role of anti-stress training in increasing professional stress resistance is revealed.

STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL MODEL OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE FORMATION OF FUTURE MILITARY INTELLIGENCE OFFICERS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE INFORMATION AND EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF HMEI

The article updates the problem of the formation of professional competence of future military intelligence officers in the information and educational environment of a higher military educational institution, substantiates the theoretical foundations of professional training of future officers. The need to protect the territorial integrity of our state was analyzed, which determined the importance of the challenges posed to the transformation of military education into the professional training of Ukrainian officers. It is noted that one of the directions of the development of an effective system of military education, with the aim of gaining full membership of Ukraine in NATO, is the modernization of the officer training system, strengthening the integrity of the professional training of military specialists. It has been observed that military-professional education in accordance with the principles of the military doctrine of the state, target instructions of military policy and science, state educational standards, within which the professional training of future military intelligence officers is carried out, is based on the educational-professional program, the modern model of training competent specialists taking into account the methods preparation of NATO member countries. It has been found that the social order of society to ensure the interests of national security and defense of the state for the training of military specialists in higher military educational institutions, in accordance with modern requirements, determines the important problem of forming the professional competence of future military intelligence officers and the development of a structural and functional model of such a process in conditions of the informational and educational environment. It was found that modeling allows to analyze the real content, establish goals, highlight the main components of the structure, essential features, relationships, graphically display the functional specificity and determine the formation of professional competence of future military intelligence officers. A structural-functional model for the formation of professional competence of future military intelligence officers in the information and educational environment of higher military educational institutions has been developed, which contains blocks: conceptual-target (social order, goal, task, conceptual and methodological approaches, principles, functions), procedural- technological (informational and educational environment at higher military educational institutions, organizational and pedagogical conditions, stages, components, methods, forms, means, technologies, educational disciplines), effective (criteria, level indicators, result).

The effectiveness of using mobile applications for studying in non-language specialties at higher education institutions

Using mobile apps for learning professionally oriented English is highly topical and widely recognized as an effective and convenient method for language acquisition. Mobile apps provide a range of benefits that contribute to their popularity among undergraduates. The key reasons why using mobile apps for learning English is considered topical: accessibility, convenience, interactive and engaging content, personalized learning, variety of learning materials, social and community features, progress tracking. So, the aim of the paper is to study the effectiveness of mobile applications for learning professional English during the study at higher education institutions in Ukraine. Instruments of data collection used were analysis of scientific sources, questionnaires, interviews, and focused group discussion. The results of questionnaires and interviews prove the need to use mobile apps for developing the level of English by students of higher education institutions. Searching the problem provide the opportunities to determine the most used mobile apps for studying English and describe their advantages in the process of learning English in non-linguistic specialties. The process of learning English at higher education establishments aimed at using mobile apps proved the effectiveness of such process because of increasing English level of Ukrainian higher education students.

КОУЧИНГОВИЙ ПІДХІД ДО ФОРМУВАННЯ ЛІДЕРСЬКИХ ЯКОСТЕЙ МАЙБУТНІХ ОФІЦЕРІВ

The purpose of the article is to substantiate a coaching approach that ensures the effectiveness of developing leadership skills of future officers and to provide practical recommendations on the example “peer-to-peer” leadership training in higher military educational institution. The article substantiates that the coaching approach of the leadership skills formation of future officers begins with the establishment and development of relationships between cadets and instructors before providing relevant content that agrees with the stage of leadership development, learning and experience of cadets. The implementation of the coaching approach covers all areas of learning (cognitive, reflective and behavioral) through numerous forms of learning (training, role-playing, simulation games) contributing to carefully organized environment and space conductive to learning. Cadets should see the benefits of the leadership development program contributing to their personal growth. It is established that the purpose of the coaching approach is to create a positive experience for future officers. The result of the coaching approach to training is cognitive growth, development of leadership skills and sustainable behavioral change of future officers. The coaching approach is proven to be based on connection rather than content to build trust and strengthen the social structure between participants. This is done through reflection and building reflective connections that allow sharing and discussing difficult situations. It is summarized that the coaching approach offers a new perspective on leadership development by eliminating the shortcomings of traditional approaches and justifies the emergence of leadership development training programs. The coaching approach puts less emphasis on formal teaching and instead uses discussion, situation solving and emotional storytelling. Future officers develop and apply new knowledge and skills together with instructors and fellow students, developing relationships between them and creating a positive learning environment. The peculiarities of the coaching approach are considered on the example of “peer-to-peer” leadership training. Key words: future officers, cadets, leadership skills, reflection, coaching approach, training, higher military educational institutions.

Students' Perspective on Freedom of Expression and Hate Speech in Albanian Universities

This article presents an analysis of the perspective of university students in Albania toward freedom of expression and hate speech within the academic environment. This study confidently investigates Albanian university students’ attitudes and perceptions towards freedom of expression, its significance in academic institutions, and its relationship with principles of equality and non-discrimination. Based on survey data collected from 622 participants, the study examines student’s attitudes toward the freedom of expression and hate speech. Study results strongly support previous research that highlights the significance of freedom of expression for young people in high educational institutions. The high level of participant agreement on the importance of freedom of expression in this study provides further evidence of the universal recognition of this fundamental right. The study contributes valuable insights to the discourse on freedom of expression and its implications for fostering inclusive and respectful academic environments in Albania. Received: 20 February 2024 / Accepted: 30 April 2024 / Published: 5 May 2024

Sociological analysis of military education in Kazakhstan

Relevance. High-quality military education, which guarantees the creation of effective armed forces capable of repelling threats to national security, is one of the main factors in determining the strength and influence of a state in the international arena. Purpose. The purpose of the study was to determine the features and specifics of military education in Kazakhstan by studying the activities of military educational institutions and departments in large cities of the country. Methodology. The study used system-analytical method, with the help of which it became possible to consider the basic characteristics of the military education system in Kazakhstan; and the historical method, facilitating the analysis of the process of training in military specialities over time. Results. The determining factors and prerequisites for the formation and development of the independent armed forces of the Republics of Kazakhstan were identified and the state's military education system was characterized at all levels, from school to postgraduate education and advanced training courses. Key points in the processes of transformation of state military education were identified, in particular regarding the reorganization of a number of higher military institutions and the creation of a state higher educational institution � National University of Defence of the First President of the Republic of Kazakhstan � Elbasy. The effectiveness of the military sector was measured using qualitative and quantitative indicators. Additionally, the main military specialities and faculties offered in higher educational institutions in major cities were listed. Conclusions. This study covered the main directions, issues, tasks, and methods of the educational process in Kazakh military universities. It also examined the development of military education in Turkey and Russia, identifying key factors affecting their educational systems. The findings and conclusions can serve as a practical foundation for enhancing national programs to train military specialists in Kazakhstan and other countries. Keywords: army training; higher education institutions; specialized departments; military science; national security

Psychological benefits of game practice in higher education settings: from stress to happiness

Introduction. Teaching/learning and professional work at higher educational establishments, being an intellectually and emotionally intense activity, provokes stress in teachers and students, which has a negative impact on their health: fear, anxiety, fatigue, irritability, and nervousness. Game practice is the most effective method to relieve emotional tension and activate the educational process within the framework of students’ and teachers’ successful cooperation through communication. The purpose of the article was to assess the influence of game practice on the psychological state of teachers and students at higher school, as well as the levels of stress and happiness. Materials and methods. The study involved 69 university teachers (89% women, 19% men) from 29 regions of Russia and 176 students (51% males, 49% females) in the first-year undergraduate course at Volgograd State Technical University (Russian Federation). The study was carried out using a Google Forms survey. Results. The present study did not find any significant relationship between the manifestation of stress and the use of the game practice in the teaching process at higher educational establishments, which proved to be an unexpected result, since the lecturers (49%) and students (56%) recognised that game practice reduced their stress levels. However, the analysis of the revealed results showed that most of the students were affected by academicrelated stress: 46% of the respondents had high stress level, 34% – moderate stress level, and 20% – mild stress level. The stress level in the teachers’ professional activity also revealed a high rate – 52% of the respondents answered that they experienced professional stress quite often. At the same time, psychological well-being within the framework of game technologies had the following indicators: 54% of the teachers felt quite happy, 29% – absolutely happy. As to the students, they reported a middling indicator of happiness (46%). Conclusion. Game practice is a modern learning tool used at higher educational establishments, which improves the psychological well-being of students and teachers and is an effective way to combat stress and achieve increased happiness level. However, a more profound study of this subject, along with the development of due methodological recommendations, can contribute to more effective integration of game practice into the educational process and enhance the well-being of both students and teachers.

FOSTERING DIGITAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN MILITARY ENGINEERING EDUCATION: INTRODUCTION OF A TECHNOLOGY-ENHANCED LEARNING ENVIRONMENT

Digital tools have become integral to training military engineers, and the introduction of a technology-enhanced learning environment may improve the educational process at higher military educational institutions. This study explores the impact of digital transformations in military engineering education through a technology-enhanced learning environment. To answer the research questions, mixed methodology was used, which involved integration and data triangulation matrices. The survey included 17 experts who possess the competences to evaluate the integration of technology into the learning environment. The results showed that a positive technology-enhanced learning environment is represented through ICT-supported learning, e-learning, blended learning, and virtual learning environments. The researchers distinguished groups of digital tools used at higher military educational institutions (communication tools, content creation tools, Learning Management Systems, collaboration tools, assessment tools, simulation and modelling, and adaptive learning tools). The impact of digital tools applied for the formation of professional competence among future military engineers was evaluated. Then, the algorithm for creating and developing a positive technology-enhanced learning environment was explained as the set of systematic measures used to design and implement a learning environment that integrates technology. The measures to be taken to foster digital technologies while training future military engineers were described during the study. The outcomes can be used to improve the existing system of military engineering education at the Ukrainian military institutions and to maximize the professional training at the active military units. Keywords: digital tools, higher military educational institution, learning environment, professional competence, technology-enhanced learning

Factors Influencing Girl Students’ Drop Out in Higher Educational Institution

Factors Influencing Girl Students’ Drop Out in Higher Educational Institution

What is the link between entrepreneurial knowledge, business planning and entrepreneurial intentions? An empirical study on Indian Higher Education Institutions

PurposeThe study seeks to conduct an empirical investigation on the impact of entrepreneurship education (EE) through its components, i.e. entrepreneurial knowledge (EK) and business planning (BP) on entrepreneurial intentions (EI) in India.Design/methodology/approachAn electronic questionnaire was used to collect data from 340 engineering students and partial least square-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyze the collected data.FindingsThe findings revealed that EK and BP have no direct impact on EI, however, they have an indirect influence through attitude towards entrepreneurship (ATE) and perceived behavioral control (PBC), whereas subjective norms (SN) have no mediation impact on the relationships.Research limitations/implicationsThis research has been conducted on students of engineering background only, future studies can be carried out by incorporating more attitudinal and environmental determinants with larger data sizes from diverse educational streams.Practical implicationsThis study is of immense significance to policymakers and educational establishments in designing the purposefully designed EE courses that can drive the entrepreneurial intentionality of students.Originality/valueThe study adds to the paucity of research on the systematic elaboration of EE construct underlining the specific impact of EK and BP as EE dimensions on students' EI. To the best of authors' awareness, this kind of investigation has not been conducted in indian higher educational institution (HEI) context.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЗМІШАНОГО НАВЧАННЯ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ

The article deals with the issues of applying mixed learning techniques for the formation of the students’ professional competence at higher medical educational institutions under wartime conditions. It is found out the essence of the concept of “mixed learning”, its peculiarities, methods, advantages and disadvantages, which must be taken into account to train a future healthcare worker. The need of mastering mixed learning basic techniques for the correct organization of the educational process is emphasized. English communicative approach to medical students’ professional competence is an integral aspect of professionally oriented study at the higher medical educational institution. Military actions in the country require the application of new principles and practices of higher medical education transformation. Therefore, the issue of mixed education for students of medical institutions of higher education under wartime conditions is one of the most crucial problems in Ukraine. Attention is focused on the need to organize and establish a high-quality educational process in the conditions of war using distance model of education. The issues of semantic content for English for Specific Purposes, selection of training material, and development of communicative component in the process of students’ mastering English language skills in the process of distance learning in the conditions of war are under consideration. Both theoretical and methodological aspects of mixed learning for mastering English for Specific Purposes and the Latin language, which are studied through combining the organic application of modern distance learning technologies, are covered. The main distance learning technologies using the MS Teams and Moodle platforms are characterized. The use of information technologies of mixed learning under wartime conditions at professionally targeted classes of English and Latin has been found to develop speech skills and abilities that make possible to express an opinion, develop thinking, as well as to have high motivational characteristics, taking into account the realities of today.

A probabilistic reliable linguistic model for blockchain-based student information management system assessment

The growing necessity for robust security and trust in systems has prompted the widespread adoption of blockchain technology in student information management systems (SIMS). While existing literature has concentrated on the development of blockchain-based student information management systems (BC-SIMS), a notable gap remains in the evaluation of these systems. This study addresses this gap by employing a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) approach. Recognizing the inherent uncertainties in BC-SIMS evaluation due to inadequate information, the study introduces the Probabilistic Reliable Linguistic Term Sets (PRLTSs) theory to address these problems. As a result, the Measurement of Alternatives and Ranking according to the Compromise Solution (MARCOS) method is extended into the Probabilistic Reliable Linguistic environment, resulting in the Probabilistic Reliable Linguistic-Measurement of Alternatives and Ranking according to the Compromise Solution (PRL-MARCOS) method. This method supports the evaluation and selection decisions on BC-SIMS in higher education institutions. The study further designs the Probabilistic Reliable Linguistic-Coefficient of Variation (PRL-CV) method to determine the relative importance of selection criteria. Twenty selection criteria for BC-SIMS are identified through a literature review, and an illustrative case study is employed to assess the practicality and validity of the proposed PRL-CV-MARCOS approach in a higher educational institution. Experimental results highlight cost reduction (0.0778), interoperability (0.0717), security (0.0628), service improvement (0.0557) and responsiveness (0.0538) as the top five criteria for BC-SIMS selection, with BC-SIMS P5 identified as the optimal solution for managing student information. Finally, a comprehensive comparative and sensitivity analysis verifies the stability and effectiveness of the proposed decision support model.

Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures Assessment of Private Higher Educational Institutions Using Web Application Security

The advancements in technology has led to advancements in threats and vulnerabilities as well. Academic websites are not spared from this. This study aims to evaluate the common vulnerabilities and exposures of private higher educational institution’s website using Open Web Application Security Project. Seven private higher education institutions were evaluated using Open Web Application Security Project Zed Attack Proxy and Open Web Application Security Project top 10. The top vulnerabilities the higher educational institutions were exposed to were broken access control, insecure design and software and data integrity failures. There were two higher educational institutions with high level of risks. Also, a total of thirty-two risks or vulnerabilities were identified in the study. The identification of vulnerabilities or exposures in websites will help the private schools to become aware of possible cyberattacks to their institution’s website. This will help the institution to identify and prevent further loss or damage.

The Potential for the Development and Implementation of Blended Learning at the Universities of Kazakhstan

This research paper centers its attention on analyzing the blended learning method used in educational system in America, Europe and Kazakhstan, its holistic concept, perspectives, potential, applications, effectiveness and implementation. To determine the efficiency of the blended learning, we conducted a survey among English teachers using comparative analysis, an interview, a survey, and a questionnaire which revealed that the opinions differ regarding to the essence of blended learning technology, frequency, difficulties, problems in use and their solutions within the framework of the students’ independent work (SIW) and students’ independent work with a teacher (SIWT). According to the study the most effective, frequently used models in teaching a foreign language are considered by teachers to be the “Face-to-face” model (20.4%), as well as the "Training with continuation" model (12.2%). We also conducted a pedagogical comparative experiment among students on the basis of a higher educational institution. Two groups of students were selected: control group and experimental group. The research showed that using this method increased the students’ level of English language skills (listening by 15%, reading by 18%, writing by 10%, speaking by 9%, and students’ motivation in learning boosted by 22%) during one semester. Overall, the findings derived from the investigation indicate a pressing demand for a pragmatic comprehension of the theoretical foundations of the blended learning in the specific context of higher education programs.

The use of an Internet resource in young people to identify female students at risk for polycystic ovary syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a polygenic endocrine disorder caused by both genetic and epigenetic factors. Depending on the period of a woman’s life, the clinical picture, diagnosis, and treatment tactics of the disease are different. The syndrome has a set of reproductive, metabolic, and psychological features. Objective. To study the prevalence of PCOS among female students and to evaluate the effectiveness of using Internet platforms in identifying the manifestations that characterize reproductive health disorders. Subjects and methods. A total of 330 respondents studying in the higher educational establishments of Khabarovsk were interviewed using the Google Forms platform in October to December 2021 in order to identify whether they had irregular menstruation, hyperandrogenism, which was followed by an examination and verification of the diagnosis of PCOS in an outpatient setting. Results. According to the survey results, 87.58% of the respondents did not plan pregnancy in the next 2 years, so infertility as one of the PCOS symptoms did not cause anxiety in them. According to the survey among the female students with an irregular menstrual cycle, the incidence rate of PCOS was 24.7%. Conclusion. In our opinion, the active detection of PCOS in patients with an irregular menstrual cycle among young people using Internet resources allows them to focus their attention on reproductive health disorders and on the need to consult a gynecologist.

ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ МАТЕМАТИЧНОГО МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ НА СПЕЦІАЛЬНІСТЬ "АВТОМОБІЛЬНИЙ ТРАНСПОРТ"

The paper considers the use of mathematical modeling in the educational process. The influence of model experiments on the development of students' cognitive activity is noted. The role of the functioning of the student scientific group (SSG) "Research of performance of details of motor-car technique" in a higher technical educational institution in the preparation of future highly qualified specialists is assessed.

Constructing Academic Identity of research students by English resourse at technical higher educational institution

Constructing Academic Identity of research students by English resourse at technical higher educational institution

FORMATION OF LEADERSHIP QUALITIES IN THE PROCESS OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF AN INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION

The research is conducted in the article and theoretical and practical analysis of the characteristics of leadership and the substantiation of the psychological and pedagogical conditions for the formation and development of leadership qualities in students in the process of professional training in a higher educational institution. An analysis of various approaches to the interpretation of the concepts of "leader", "leadership", "leadership in education", and "educational leadership" is proposed; Based on the various definitions analyzed, he identifies the signs of student leadership: initiative, contact, sensitivity, goodwill, broad social and intellectual horizons, willingness to help, etc. It is noted that the concept of leadership is considered by scientists in such aspects as leadership as a mechanism for introducing innovative changes, leadership as a model of personality formation, and leadership as the spiritual mission of an individual. The results of a study conducted among students of the first (bachelor's) level of higher education of specialty 013 "Primary Education", which was conducted to study the state of formation of leadership qualities. future primary school teachers are presented and characterized. Empirical studies have shown that students systematize all leadership qualities into the following groups: organizational, communicative, perceptual, creative, and self-regulatory. It is noted that confirmation of the qualities of a leader in future primary school teachers involves the creation of appropriate favorable conditions that ensure that students’ activities are focused on the development of leadership motivation. The article defines and characterizes the necessary psychological and pedagogical conditions: the formation of the motivational and value sphere of a future teacher education specialist for impact on the process of increasing the level of personal professional development within the limits of future professional activity; the readiness of the university’s scientific and teaching staff to work with potential leaders; formation of practical leadership experience in the conditions of educational applicants undergoing various types of teaching practice; development and implementation of training sessions in the educational process of professional training of future specialists.

Influence of Hand-to-Hand Combat Training on Functional Fitness of Cadets at Higher Educational Establishments of the Ministry of Internal Affairs

Purpose: to analyze the influence of Hand-to-Hand Combat on functional fitness of cadets of a higher educational establishment of the national police of Ukraine. Materials and Methods. The study involved 125 Cadets at Higher Educational Establishments of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Research methods: methods of theoretical level of research; empirical research methods: pedagogical observation, pedagogical experiment; chest rheography (to determine functional state of the cardiovascular system); assessment of anaerobic performance according to the Wingate test and physical performance according to the PWC170 test; methods of mathematical statistics. Results: the service and combat activities of police officers in modern social and political environment in Ukraine set high demands to functional capabilities of the body. Hand-to-hand combat can have a significant impact on professional and psychophysiological fitness of personnel for effective actions to apprehend and detain a criminal, as well as under conditions of limited space. Hand-to-hand combat is an effective sport for quality formation of the process of training cadets of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, as evidenced by improvement of all indicators of cadets of the experimental group, namely: heart rate variability, anaerobic and aerobic mechanisms of motor activity. Conclusions: for the first time, data on HRV, the Wingate test and physical performance of cadets of the Ministry of Internal Affairs were obtained. The changes of these indicators under the influence of Hand-to-Hand Combat classes in annual dynamics have been presented. Positive influence of Hand-to-Hand Combat classes on functional state of cadets has been established, which contributes to increase of the efficiency of their professional activities in future. At the end of the study, cadets of the experimental group had significantly better indicators of functional fitness than the cadets of the control group. The obtained results proved that the developed training program based on the application of Hand-to-Hand Combat is effective and proves expediency of its application in practice.