Higher TG Levels Research Articles

Correlation of Uric Acid Levels with Lipid Profile among MCU Patients

Introduction: Uric acid (C5H4N4O3) is a product of purine degradation and can act as a pro-oxidant substance because of the formation of ROS through the enzymatic activity of xanthine oxidase. Previous research has shown that uric acid can affect lipid metabolism in the body. Purpose: This study aims to explore the relationship between lipid profiles in MCU patients and uric acid levels. This study employs a cross-sectional design, and we will analyze the data using linear regression. Methods: This study is an observational analytic study without intervention, using a cross-sectional study design. The research data came from secondary data, especially the medical records of MCU patients. Researchers selected the study sample using a random sampling technique. The study uses 86 secondary data samples. Results: Linear regression analysis reveals a significant positive correlation between uric acid and triglycerides (p-value < 0.001 and r = 0.464), total cholesterol (p-value = 0.018 and r = 0.255), and LDL (p-value = 0.011 and r = 0.273). A significant negative correlation exists between uric acid levels and HDL (p-value < 0.001 and r = 0.477). Increased uric acid levels are associated with higher levels of TG, TC, and LDL, as well as a decrease in HDL levels. The average levels of LDL and total cholesterol are 140.27 mg/dl and 206.66 mg/dl, respectively, which are at the high threshold, while all other variables are within normal limits. Conclusion: This study concludes that uric acid levels and lipid profile levels are significantly related

Increased atherogenicity in mood disorders: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) often coexist with metabolic syndrome. Both are linked to increased atherogenicity and a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases. Nevertheless, a comprehensive analysis of key atherogenic biomarkers in MDD/BD is still lacking. This meta-analysis evaluates the relationship between atherogenic indices and MDD/BD, while identifying the most effective atherogenic biomarker. This study adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We searched electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, for articles published up to August 1, 2024. We included 85 eligible studies (14 on BD and 71 on MDD), covering 70,856 participants: 18,738 patients and 52,118 healthy controls. MDD/BD patients showed significant increases (p < 0.001) in the Castelli Risk Index 2 (CRI2), Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP), and (triglyceride or TG + low-density lipoprotein + very low-density lipoprotein)/(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol or HDL + Apolipoprotein A or ApoA) ratio, but not CRI1 and ApoB/ApoA ratio. Significant lower HDL and lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase activity, and higher TG levels were observed in MDD/BD patients compared with controls. There were no significant differences between MDD and BD patients. Most included studies lacked the most essential information on the inclusion and exclusion of important confounders. AIP is the most effective atherogenicity index for mood disorders. Regular lipid profiling and metabolic syndrome screening are crucial in MDD/BD. Early intervention with lipid-lowering therapies is recommended to prevent the worsening of atherogenicity and disease progression.

Sodium Sensitivity/Sodium Resistance in Patients with Arterial Hypertension: Effect on Lipids Profile, Glucose Level, Clinical and Anthropometric Parameters

The objective: to determine the lipid metabolism, glucose level, individual clinical and anthropometric indicators depending on sodium sensitivity/sodium resistance and gender in patients with essential arterial hypertension (EAH). Materials and methods. 100 patients with stage II EAH and 60 practically healthy individuals of the control group took part in the study. All persons underwent a complex of clinical and laboratory examinations. Sodium sensitivity/sodium resistance was determined according to the method of M.H. Weinberger. Metabolism was analyzed according to the lipid profile (total cholesterol, high- and low-density lipoproteins – HDL-C, LDL-C, atherogenicity coefficient, triacylglycerols – TG), glucose, creatinine, cystatin-C, bilirubin and albuminuria in blood. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), their ratio (WC/HC) were also determined. Results. The course of EAH in sodium sensitivity patients is characterized by higher BMI and WC than in sodium resistance patients, regardless of gender – by 29.32–33.54% (p &lt; 0.001) and 15.02–23.40% (p &lt; 0.001), a higher ratio WC/HC, but only in men – by 8.51% (р = 0.003), which is probably greater than that in women of all study groups by 6.82–28.75% (р ≤ 0.028–0.001). At the same time, sodium sensitivity hypertensive men had marginally higher albuminuria – by 42.34% (p = 0.05) and higher blood levels of creatinine and cystatin-C than sodium resistance men – by 11.39% (p = 0.022) and 11. 88% (р = 0.022), which causes a lower estimated glomerular filtration rate, but probably only for cystatin-C – by 12.23% (р = 0.044), respectively. Probable differences, taking into account sodium sensitivity, were not found in the blood pressure levels, lipid and glucose concentrations in the patients. In the control group sodium sensitivity individuals have a higher TG level than sodium resistance individuals – by 58.50% (p = 0.011) with lower HDL cholesterol in both women and men – by 15.82% (p = 0.004) and 41.04% (p = 0.004), respectively. Conclusions. Sodium sensitivity in EAH patients is associated with changes in certain anthropometric parameters (higher BMI, WC) regardless of gender and metabolic factors (greater albuminuria, higher levels of cystatin-C and blood creatinine, WC/HC), but only in men.

Association between night eating frequency and thyroid function and sensitivity: a cross-sectional study from the NHANES database

Thyroid function is closely linked to circadian rhythms, but the relationship between the frequency of night eating and thyroid function remains unclear. Our study aimed to investigate the association between night eating frequency and its impact on thyroid function and sensitivity. This study included 6093 participants from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007–2012). Night eating behavior was assessed through 24-hour dietary recall, with night eating frequency calculated on the basis of food intake between 10:00 PM and 4:00 AM. The thyroid hormone indices examined included T3, T4, FT3, FT4, TSH, TGA, Tg, and TPOAb, whereas thyroid hormone sensitivity was assessed via indices such as the FT3/FT4, TSHI, TT4RI, and TFQI. The associations between night eating frequency and thyroid function were analyzed via weighted univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses. Subgroup analyses and interaction test analyses were also employed to test this correlation. Compared with individuals who did not eat at night, those who ate more frequently at night had higher levels of Tg (OR 1.223 [95% CI 1.048, 1.429], p trend=0.015) but lower levels of T3 (OR 0.728 [95% CI 0.611, 0.868], p trend=0.235) and TPOAb (OR 0.728 [95% CI 0.611, 0.868], p trend=0.235). Subgroup analysis indicated that this association between Tg and night eating was stronger in the DM group (Tg: OR 1.49 [95% CI 1.15, 1.93]), p interaction=0.022) and that the association between TPOAb and night eating was stronger in the group without DM (TPOAb: OR 0.9 [95% CI 0.82, 0.97]), p interaction=0.003). Our findings suggest a significant association between night eating frequency and thyroid function. However, no statistically significant differences were found in thyroid sensitivity based on night eating frequency. Despite these findings, the hormone fluctuations observed were within normal clinical ranges. Further rigorously designed studies are needed to establish a causal relationship between night eating frequency and thyroid function.

The Influence of Long COVID on the Cardiovascular System and Predictors of Long COVID in Females: Data from the Polish Long COVID Cardiovascular (PoLoCOV-CVD) Study.

Background/Objectives: Female sex is one of the Long COVID (LC) risk factors; however, the LC predictors in females have not been established. This study was conducted to assess the influence of LC on the cardiovascular system and to assess the age-independent predictors of LC in females. Methods: Patient information and the course of the disease with symptoms were collected in women at least 12 weeks after COVID-19 recovery. The study participants were followed for 12 months. ECG monitoring, 24 h ECG monitoring, 24 h blood pressure monitoring, echocardiography, and biochemical tests were performed. Results: We studied 1946 consecutive female patients (age 53.0 [43.0-63.0] vs. 52.5 [41.0-63.0], p = 0.25). A more frequent occurrence of LC was observed in females with a severe SARS-CoV-2 infection (p = 0.0001). Women with LC compared to the control group had higher body mass index (p = 0.001), lower level of HDL cholesterol (p = 0.015), higher level of TG (p < 0.001) and higher TG/HDL ratio (p < 0.001), more often myocardial damage (p < 0.001), and lower LVEF (p = 0.01). LC women had more often QRS fragmentation, longer QTcB, and one of the ECG abnormalities. In a multivariate analysis in younger females with BMI > 24.8 kg/m2, TG/HDL ratio > 1.89 and severe course of COVID-19 and in older females, TG/HDL ratio > 1.89, lower LVEF, and also severe course of infection were independent LC predictors. Conclusions: Independent predictors of LC occurrence in women, regardless of age, are severe course of COVID-19 and TG/HDL ratio > 1.89. The presence of comorbidities and lifestyle before COVID-19 had no impact on the occurrence of LC in females regardless of age.

Association of maternal pyrethroid pesticides exposure during the whole pregnancy with neonate lipid metabolism: A prospective birth cohort, Yunnan, China

Dyslipidemias may emerge during the fetal period. However, the association between prenatal pyrethroid pesticides (PYRs) exposure and neonatal lipid metabolism remains uncertain. To explore the association of prenatal PYRs exposure and neonates’ lipid metabolism, pregnant women were recruited in rural Yunnan, China, and their urine samples in the first, second, and third trimester and their neonates’ cord blood samples were collected to obtain urinary PYRs metabolites (3PBA, 4F3PBA, and DBCA), cord blood TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, and Non-HDL-C, AIP, CRI-I, CRI-II, AC, and LCI. We found the total PYRs detection during pregnancy was 99.6 %. High-level DBCA in the first and third trimester and high-level 3PBA in the second trimester increased risks of high AIP. High-level ∑PYRs in the third trimester enhanced risks of high levels of TG, LDL-C, Non-HDL-C, AIP, and LCI. Repeated high-level 3PBA in two trimesters and above elevated risks of high levels of TG, LDL-C, CRI-I, AIP, AC, and LCI. Repeated high-level DBCA group in two trimesters and above increased the risk of high AIP. Repeated high ∑PYRs in three trimesters intensified risks of high levels of TC, LDL-C, Non-HDL-C, and AIP. Thus, our study suggests high PYRs exposure during the whole pregnancy may increase the risk of neonate abnormal lipid metabolism. The third trimester is the most sensitive window of high prenatal PYRs exposure. The adverse effects on neonate lipid metabolism increased as the increasing of trimesters repeated high-level PYRs exposure during pregnancy. Different kinds of PYRs exposure may induce different cord blood abnormal lipids.

Integrating lipidomics and metabolomics to reveal biomarkers of fat deposition in chicken meat

Local chicken breeds in China are highly regarded for their superior meat flavor. This study utilized lipidomics and non-targeted metabolomics to identify biomarkers influencing intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition in the breast muscle of 42- and 180-day-old Jingyuan chickens. Results revealed that IMF content was higher in the breast muscle of 180-day-old Jingyuan chickens compared to 42-day-old chickens (P < 0.01). We identified 248 differentially expressed lipids (DELs) and 1042 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs). The breast muscle of 180-day-old chickens contained higher levels of TG, fatty acid (FA) and cholesteryl ester (CE), with C16:1 and C18:1 being particularly abundant. Integration of non-targeted metabolomic analyses emphasized glycerolipid metabolism and vitamin digestion and absorption as the main pathways distinguishing between 42- and 180-day-old chickens. Additionally, the differential metabolites LysoPS 18:1, LysoPC 20:3, LysoPC 18:2, LysoPI 20:3, and Pantothenic acid contributed to enhanced meat flavor in Jingyuan chickens.

Prevalence and clinical correlates of impaired fasting blood glucose in children and adolescents with depressive disorder and relationship with triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein ratio

Depressive disorder is a significant public health problem worldwide, which adversely affects children and adolescents’ health. Impaired fasting blood glucose (IFG) is more common in depressive disorder, which becomes a clinical problem that needs to be focused on. The study purposed to determine the prevalence and related factors of IFG in Chinese children and adolescents with depressive disorder and the relationship between triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio and IFG. This research encompassed 756 individuals aged 8 to 18 with major depressive disorders, all diagnosed under DSM-5 criteria at the Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang from January 2020 to December 2021. We detected fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipid levels and assessed the suicidal behaviors and depressive symptoms severity of each participant. The sociodemographic and included study variables were collected and analyzed. Our study employed multiple logistic regression to discern independent factors affecting IFG in conjunction with depressive disorders among children and adolescents. The prevalence of IFG was 6.5% (49/756). IFG was positively correlated with FBG, BMI, TG, TG/HDL-C, and was negatively correlated with gender and the type of antidepressant drug taken. Binary logistic analysis showed that male (OR = 2.57, 95% CI: 1.43–4.63, P = 0.002) and higher levels of TG (OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.11–2.38, P = 0.013) were independently associated with IFG in children and adolescents with depressive disorder. The incidence of IFG in children and adolescents with depressive disorder was high and was positively related to the TG/HDL-C ratio. The evaluation and management of IFG in pediatric depression should extend beyond pharmacological interventions. Comprehensive strategies in both assessment and management of IFG are essential to address this condition effectively in young patients facing depressive disorders.

CYP2C19 Poor Metabolizer Status and High System Inflammation Response Index are Independent Risk Factors for Premature Myocardial Infarction: A Hospital-Based Retrospective Study.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a sustained chronic vascular inflammatory response caused by lipid metabolism disorders and immune response disorders and is the main cause of premature (men ≤ 55 years old, women ≤ 65 years old) myocardial infarction (PMI). Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) (related to vascular function and lipid metabolism) and peripheral immune cell levels and plays an important role in the course of AS. The association CYP2C19 polymorphisms, comprehensive immunoinflammatory indices with PMI susceptibility is unclear. This study included 485 PMI patients, and 639 age-matched non-PMI individuals as controls, from January 2019 to March 2024. The relationship between CYP2C19 polymorphisms, peripheral immunoinflammatory indices (pan-immune inflammation value (PIV), systemic immune inflammation index (SII), and system inflammation response index (SIRI)) and PMI risk were analyzed. The inflammatory indices levels in PMI patients were higher than those in controls (all p<0.05). The frequencies of the CYP2C19 *1/*2 and *2/*2 genotypes were higher, while the frequency of the *1/*1 genotype was lower in the PMI patients than those in controls. The cut-off values of TC, TG, LDL-C, PIV, SII, and SIRI were 5.065, 1.305, 2.805, 410.485, 869.645, and 1.495 for distinguishing PMI, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that male (odds ratio (OR): 1.607, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.134-2.277, p=0.008), history of smoking (OR: 7.108, 95% CI: 4.351-11.614, p<0.001), diabetes mellitus (OR: 4.906, 95% CI: 3.333-7.223, p<0.001), CYP2C19 poor metabolizer (PM) (*2/*2, *2/*3, and *3/*3) (OR: 2.147, 95% CI: 1.279-3.603, p=0.004), and high TG (≥1.305 vs <1.305, OR: 2.598, 95% CI: 1.864-3.623, p<0.001) and SIRI level (≥1.495 vs <1.495, OR: 2.495, 95% CI: 1.432-4.349, p=0.001) were independent risk factors for PMI. CYP2C19 PM phenotype, high SIRI level (≥1.495) and TG level (≥1.305), male, history of smoking, and diabetes mellitus were independently associated with PMI susceptibility.

Cardiovascular risk factors and all-cause mortality in older age (15-year cohort study)

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) occupy a leading position in the structure of all-cause mortality. Prospective and interventional studies have identified the major risk factors for CVD and shown their associations with the risk of cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause death. The impact on the individual risk of death may vary by age, sex, study design, and may be population-specific. We aimed to study the contribution of major CVD risk factors to the 15-year risk of all-cause death in the Russian (Siberian) population cohort aged 45–69 years.Material and methods. A random population sample (men and women 45–69 years old, n = 9360) was examined at baseline in 2003–2005 (Novosibirsk, Russian branch of the HAPIEE project) and re-examined twice in 2006–2008 and 2015–2018. Current analysis included individuals without baseline CVD (n = 8087), the average follow-up period – 15.6 (SD 0.69) years. The fatal events were registered based on death certificates from the Population Registration Bureau (ZAGS), and using the data received at serial examinations and postal interview. We analyzed the association between CVD risk factors and all-cause death using multivariate Cox regression.Results. In a cohort aged 45–69, in the adjusted model, 15-year risk of all-cause death was positively associated with age (HR = 1.08; 95 % CI 1.07–1.09), male sex (HR = 1.46; 95 % CI 1.24–1.71), hypertension (HT) (HR = 1.39; 95 % CI 1.25–1.55), smoking (HR = 2.37; 95 % CI 2.08–2.70), high WHR (HR = 1.19; 95 % CI 1.06–1.33), and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) (HR = 1.52; 95 % CI 1.34–1.73), and it was negatively associated with elevated total cholesterol (TC) or LDL-C in blood. In age- and sex-adjusted model, the risk was additionally associated with high triglycerides (HTG), obesity and elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG). In men, the risk of death was independently associated with age, HT, smoking, low HDL-C, high WHR, and T2DM. In women, the risk of death was independently associated with age, HT, T2DM smoking, and, in age-standardized models, obesity, high WHR, and hyperglycemia.Conclusions. In a population cohort of 45 years and older, among CVD risk factors male sex, HT, smoking, central obesity, and T2DM independently contributed to the risk of all-cause death. Among lipid parameters, low HDL-C and high TG levels increased the risk of death in men. Associations between cardiovascular risk factors and the risk of all-cause death in older people have the patterns specific for older age; these features are important to take into account in a strategy to reduce mortality in the population.

Low dose radioactive iodine ablation therapy (1.11GBq) for differentiated thyroid cancer in Western Turkey

ObjectiveAblation therapy is employed in low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) cases to facilitate patient monitoring by reducing thyroglobulin (Tg) levels to measurable levels below after surgery by eliminating residual thyroid tissue. However, there is still uncertainty about the minimum activity dose required for effective ablation. Opting for low-dose [131I]-NaI for ablation offers several advantages for both patients and healthcare services. Particularly in this tumor group with a high life expectancy (approximately 90–95 % at 10 years), [131I]-NaI treatment should not pose a risk to the patient's post-treatment life and should not compromise their quality of life. However, there is a need for a well-defined identification of factors predicting successful ablation. MethodsClinical data, laboratory findings, and imaging tests of 287 patients with low-dose 1110 MBq (30 mCi) [131I]-NaI ablation therapy for DTC were retrospectively reviewed. Post-ablation imaging and laboratory findings categorized ablation success/failure. The successful ablation group was determined according to the excellent response criteria outlined in ATA criteria. Relationships between clinical, pathological findings, biochemical common variables, and treatment failure were analyzed. ResultsAn excellent response was achieved in 77% of the entire group according to ATA criteria post-ablation. Male gender and high Tg levels on the day of ablation (Tg cut-off: 10 ng/mL and 5.35 ng/mL) were associated with unsuccessful ablation. ConclusionsOur results indicate that a 1110MBq (30mCi) ablation dose is sufficient to achieve an excellent response in most low-risk DTC cases 6–12 months later. When selecting the dose for ablation, besides the histological markers mentioned in guidelines and age, we observed that stimulated Tg values and gender may be important in predicting ablation success.

Exploring the relationship between lipid metabolism and cognition in individuals living with stable-phase Schizophrenia: a small cross-sectional study using Olink proteomics analysis

BackgroundCognitive impairment is a core symptom of schizophrenia. Metabolic abnormalities impact cognition, and although the influence of blood lipids on cognition has been documented, it remains unclear. We conducted a small cross-sectional study to investigate the relationship between blood lipids and cognition in patients with stable-phase schizophrenia. Using Olink proteomics, we explored the potential mechanisms through which blood lipids might affect cognition from an inflammatory perspective.MethodsA total of 107 patients with stable-phase schizophrenia and cognitive impairment were strictly included. Comprehensive data collection included basic patient information, blood glucose, blood lipids, and body mass index. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). After controlling for confounding factors, we identified differential metabolic indicators between patients with mild and severe cognitive impairment and conducted correlation and regression analyses. Furthermore, we matched two small sample groups of patients with lipid metabolism abnormalities and used Olink proteomics to analyze inflammation-related differential proteins, aiming to further explore the association between lipid metabolism abnormalities and cognition.ResultsThe proportion of patients with severe cognitive impairment (SCI) was 34.58%. Compared to patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), those with SCI performed worse in the Attention/Alertness (t = 2.668, p = 0.009) and Working Memory (t = 2.496, p = 0.014) cognitive dimensions. Blood lipid metabolism indicators were correlated with cognitive function, specifically showing that higher levels of TG (r = -0.447, p < 0.001), TC (r = -0.307, p = 0.002), and LDL-C (r = -0.607, p < 0.001) were associated with poorer overall cognitive function. Further regression analysis indicated that TG (OR = 5.578, P = 0.003) and LDL-C (OR = 5.425, P = 0.001) may be risk factors for exacerbating cognitive impairment in individuals with stable-phase schizophrenia. Proteomics analysis revealed that, compared to individuals with stable-phase schizophrenia and normal lipid metabolism, those with hyperlipidemia had elevated levels of 10 inflammatory proteins and decreased levels of 2 inflammatory proteins in plasma, with these changes correlating with cognitive function. The differential proteins were primarily involved in pathways such as cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, chemokine signaling pathway, and IL-17 signaling pathway.ConclusionBlood lipids are associated with cognitive function in individuals with stable-phase schizophrenia, with higher levels of TG, TC, and LDL-C correlating with poorer overall cognitive performance. TG and LDL-C may be risk factors for exacerbating cognitive impairment in these patients. From an inflammatory perspective, lipid metabolism abnormalities might influence cognition by activating or downregulating related proteins, or through pathways such as cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, chemokine signaling pathway, and IL-17 signaling pathway.

Apolipoprotein E E3/E4 genotype is associated with an increased risk of premature coronary artery disease

ObjectiveDyslipidemia is one of the causes of coronary heart disease (CAD), and apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene polymorphism affects lipid levels. However, the relationship between APOE gene polymorphisms and premature CAD (PCAD, male CAD patients with ≤ 55 years old and female with ≤ 65 years old) risk had different results in different studies. The aim of this study was to assess this relationship and to further evaluate the relationship between APOE gene polymorphisms and PCAD risk in the Hakka population.MethodsThis study retrospectively analyzed 301 PCAD patients and 402 age matched controls without CAD. The APOE rs429358 and rs7412 polymorphisms were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) -chip technique. The distribution of APOE genotypes and alleles between the case group and the control group was compared. The relationship between APOE genotypes and PCAD risk was obtained by logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe frequency of the APOE ɛ3/ɛ4 genotype (18.9% vs. 10.2%, p = 0.001) and ε4 allele (11.1% vs. 7.0%, p = 0.007) was higher in the PCAD patients than that in controls, respectively. PCAD patients with ɛ2 allele had higher TG level than those with ɛ3 allele, and controls carried ɛ2 allele had higher HDL-C level and lower LDL-C level than those carried ɛ3 allele. Regression logistic analysis showed that BMI ≥ 24.0 kg/m2 (BMI ≥ 24.0 kg/m2 vs. BMI 18.5–23.9 kg/m2, OR: 1.763, 95% CI: 1.235–2.516, p = 0.002), history of smoking (Yes vs. No, OR: 5.098, 95% CI: 2.910–8.930, p < 0.001), ɛ3/ɛ4 genotype (ɛ3/ɛ4 vs. ɛ3/ɛ3, OR: 2.203, 95% CI: 1.363–3.559, p = 0.001), ε4 allele (ε4 vs. ε3, OR: 2.125, 95% CI: 1.333–3.389, p = 0.002), and TC level (OR: 1.397, 95% CI: 1.023–1.910, p = 0.036) were associated with PCAD.ConclusionsIn summary, BMI ≥ 24.0 kg/m2, history of smoking, APOE ɛ3/ɛ4 genotype, and TC level were independent risk factors for PCAD. It means that young individuals who are overweight, have a history of smoking, and carried APOE ɛ3/ɛ4 genotype had increased risk of PCAD.

Investigating the tamoxifen/high-fat diet synergy: a promising paradigm for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis induction in a rat model

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a severe liver condition characterized by excessive fat deposition, ballooning, and lobular inflammation. This investigation was conducted to estimate the capability of concomitant tamoxifen administration (TAM) with a high fat diet (HFD) to induce a reliable NASH model that mimics human NASH features. Rats were administered TAM (25 mg/kg/day p.o.) and consumed HFD for 5 weeks. A time-course investigation was conducted to determine the optimal time for NASH development. Liver function indices, hepatic lipid profile factors, oxidative stress biomarkers, and inflammatory mediators were estimated. Additionally, macroscopic and microscopic changes were examined. Compared with the time-matched control group receiving vehicle alone, TAM/HFD significantly impaired liver function indices represented as marked elevation in ALT, AST, and ALP serum levels. TAM/HFD significantly increased lipid profile factors including high TG and TC hepatic levels. Additionally, TAM/HFD remarkably raised hepatic levels of TNF-α and IL-17 and significantly decreased IL-10. The combination also increases the oxidative status evidenced by high content of MDA as well as low activity of GPx and SOD. Accordingly, the combination of TAM and HFD for 5 weeks collaboratively promotes NASH development by initiating compromised hepatocyte functionality, elevated lipid levels, oxidative stress, and liver inflammation.Graphical abstract

Novel Insights of ANGPTL-3 on Modulating Cholesterol Efflux Capacity Induced by HDL Particle.

Angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL-3) modulates lipid metabolism and the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), especially stable angina (SA), via suppressing lipoprotein lipase (LPL). However, whether there are other mechanisms is not elucidated yet. The current research explored the modulatory roles of ANGPTL-3 on high-density lipoprotein (HDL), which further affects atherosclerotic development. A total of 200 individuals were enrolled in the present study. Serum ANGPTL- 3 levels were detected via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Cholesterol efflux capacity induced by HDL particles was detected through H3-cholesterol loading THP-1 cell. The serum ANGPTL-3 levels presented no significant discordance between the SA group and the non-SA group, whereas the serum ANGPTL-3 levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) group were significantly elevated compared with those in the non-T2DM group [428.3 (306.2 to 736.8) ng/ml vs. 298.2 (156.8 to 555.6) ng/ml, p <0.05]. Additionally, the serum ANGPTL-3 levels were elevated in patients with low TG levels compared to those in patients with high TG levels [519.9 (377.6 to 809.0) ng/ml vs. 438.7 (329.2 to 681.0) ng/ml, p <0.05]. By comparison, the individuals in the SA group and T2DM group presented decreased cholesterol efflux induced by HDL particles [SA: (12.21±2.11)% vs. (15.51±2.76)%, p <0.05; T2DM: (11.24±2.13)% vs. (14.65± 3.27)%, p <0.05]. In addition, the serum concentrations of ANGPTL-3 were inversely associated with the cholesterol efflux capacity of HDL particles (r=-0.184, p <0.05). Through regression analysis, the serum concentrations of ANGPTL-3 were found to be an independent modulator of the cholesterol efflux capacity of HDL particles (standardized β=-0.172, p <0.05). ANGPTL-3 exhibited a negative modulatory function on cholesterol efflux capacity induced by HDL particles.

Polygenic Risk Score, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: WASEDA'S Health Study.

This study estimated an individual's genetic liability to cardiometabolic risk factors by polygenic risk score (PRS) construction and examined whether high cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) modifies the association between PRS and cardiometabolic risk factors. This cross-sectional study enrolled 1296 Japanese adults aged ≥40 yr. The PRS for each cardiometabolic trait (blood lipids, glucose, hypertension, and obesity) was calculated using the LDpred2 and clumping and thresholding methods. Participants were divided into low-, intermediate-, and high-PRS groups according to PRS tertiles for each trait. CRF was quantified as peak oxygen uptake (V̇O 2peak ) per kilogram body weight. Participants were divided into low-, intermediate-, and high-CRF groups according to the tertile V̇O 2peak value. Linear regression analysis revealed a significant interaction between PRS for triglyceride (PRS TG ) and CRF groups on serum TG levels regardless of the PRS calculation method, and the association between PRS TG and TG levels was attenuated in the high-CRF group. Logistic regression analysis revealed a significant sub-additive interaction between LDpred2 PRS TG and CRF on the prevalence of high TG, indicating that high CRF attenuated the genetic predisposition to high TG. Furthermore, a significant sub-additive interaction between PRS for body mass index and CRF on obesity was detected regardless of the PRS calculation method. These significant interaction effects on high TG and obesity were diminished in the sensitivity analysis using V̇O 2peak per kilogram fat-free mass as the CRF index. Effects of PRSs for other cardiometabolic traits were not significantly attenuated in the high-CRF group regardless of PRS calculation methods. The findings of the present study suggest that individuals with high CRF overcome the genetic predisposition to high TG levels and obesity.

The abnormalities of lipid metabolism in children and adolescents with major depressive disorder and relationship with suicidal ideation and attempted suicide

BackgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a widespread health issue in many countries, which has an extremely negative impact on the health of children and adolescents in particular. In the context of depression and metabolic disorders, dyslipidemia and metabolism-related problems become more prominent comorbidities. However, they continue to be the main barrier to the successful recovery of the clinical progress. In this study we investigated the rate of dyslipidemia, additional risk factors among Chinese children and adolescents with MDD, and association of the suicidal behavior with lipid levels. MethodsThe study took 756 people from the Third People's Hospital of Fuyang between January 2020 and December 2021, aged between 8 and 18, with major depressive disorders diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). We determined the FBG (fasting blood glucose) and lipid parameters in all subjects and also investigated the history of suicidal ideation, the cases of attempted suicide, and the scores of depressive symptoms. Sociodemographic and clinical data were gathered and analyzed using the SPSS-23.0 version. ResultsThe prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, high LDL-C, and low HDL-C were 5.42 % (41/756), 10.58 % (80/756), 3.84 % (29/756) and 5.42 % (41/756) respectively. For hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, they were positive associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts, and the positive correlation is shown between low HDL-C levels and suicide attempts. Nevertheless, non-ideation and inversely suicidal attempts were not discovered among high-LDL-C subjects. Logistic analysis showed that high levels of FBG (OR = 2.86, 95 % CI: 1.31–6.25, P = 0.008) and worse LDL-C (OR = 357.82, 95 % CI: 66.16–1935.10, P < 0.001) are the independent associated factors for hypercholesterolemia. More hospitalizations (OR = 1.89, 95 % CI: 1.07–3.35, P = 0.028), obesity (OR = 2.55, 95 % CI: 1.25–5.18, P = 0.010), high levels of TC (OR = 2.15, 95 % CI: 1.03–4.48, P = 0.042), and higher doses of antidepressants (OR = 1.02, 95 % CI: 1.00–1.04, P = 0.029) were independently associated factors for hypertriglyceridemia, while high levels of HDL-C (OR = 0.11, 95 % CI: 0.04–0.31, P < 0.001) were protective factors. In addition, high levels of TC (OR = 113.94, 95 % CI: 20.01–648.85) were statistically different (P < 0.001) and suggested that the factor was significantly related to high LDL-C. Meanwhile, older age (OR = 1.25, 95 % CI: 1.02–1.52, P = 0.030) and high levels of TG (OR = 3.00, 95 % CI: 1.98–4.55, P < 0.001) were independent factors contributing to low HDL-C. ConclusionThe high prevalence of dyslipidemia in childhood and adolescence among children and adolescents with depressive disorder has become a public health issue. Hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia showed a positive correlation with suicidal thoughts and suicidal attempts. Monitoring the incidence of suicidal thoughts and attempts among them would carry some predictor meaning in therapy and for jumping back to health.

Abstract P185: Plasma Lipidome Signature of Visceral Fat Reveals Heterogenous Cardiometabolic Risk Profiles

Background: Excessive visceral fat is associated with metabolic alterations and is a causal risk factor for CVD. The plasma lipidome is altered in obesity and lipidome signatures of BMI and obesity have been identified. However, few studies have examined the plasma lipidome in relation to visceral fat. Methods: Plasma lipids were measured using the C8-positive LC-MS method in 671 participants from the HERITAGE Family Study (56% Female, 35% Black, 35 yrs). Visceral fat was measured using CT scans. Linear mixed models were used to test the associations of 193 known plasma lipids with visceral fat adjusting for age, sex, race, and BMI. A FDR&lt;5% was used to determine significance. Results: In individual models, 156 lipid species were significantly associated with visceral fat, with 109 species associated after additional adjustment for BMI ( Fig 1 ). The top positively associated lipids were triglycerides, while cholesterol esters showed the strongest inverse associations with visceral fat. A LASSO regression model retained 73 lipids and explained 78.5% of the variance in visceral fat. Delta visceral fat was calculated as the difference between predicted (from LASSO) and measured visceral fat. Examining quartiles of delta visceral fat showed that discordance between predicted and actual visceral fat was associated with differing cardiometabolic profiles independent of age, sex, race, visceral fat, and BMI. Individuals with higher delta visceral fat (Q4, overpredicted) had significantly (p&lt;1.0x10 -04 ) higher levels of TG, apoB, total cholesterol, LDL-C, and fasting insulin and lower levels of large HDL particles and LPL activity compared to those with lower delta visceral fat (Q1, underpredicted). Conclusions: The plasma lipidome is widely associated with visceral fat levels. A lipidome-based visceral fat score may provide additional information over measured visceral fat for assessment of cardiometabolic health. Further studies are needed to test and validate the clinical utility of such lipidome-based scores.

Effects of rosemary enriched diet on physiological parameters in common carp Cyprinus carpio L reared in cages culture

The current study investigated at how rosemary leaf powder supplementation influenced the growth performance, carcass composition, hematological and biochemical parameters, stress hormones, and heat shock proteins of cage-reared common carp. Nine cylindrical cages of 0.2 m³ (radius = 25 cm, height = 100 cm) were randomly allocated to hold 54 juvenile common carp C. carpio (mean weight=18.18±0.08 g). Three groups of fish were fed a control diet (C) as well as diets containing 1.5% and 3% rosemary powder, respectively. The addition of 3% rosemary resulted in a substantial enhancement in growth parameters and feed consumption. The levels of WBC, Hb, MCHC, RBC, and Hct were significantly elevated by the addition of rosemary to experimental fish. A rosemary-supplemented diet resulted in higher levels of TG, urea, total protein, albumin, lipase, amylase, ferrum, and globulin. However, the addition of substantially reduced the levels of ALT cholesterol, creatinine, and glucose. The value of cortisol, T3, and T4 were considerably reduced with the addition of rosemary to diets of experimental fish. HSP70 and HSP90 levels in fish feed diets administered rosemary increased significantly as supplementation amount increased. According to the findings of this investigation, adding rosemary leaf powder, particularly at a concentration of 3%, in the diet improved growth parameters, hematological and biochemical parameters, and be able to reduce stress responses, thyroid hormone levels, and other stressors that fish exposed in cage culture system.&#x0D;

Correlation Between Thyroid-Related Hormones and Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Normal Thyroid Function: A Retrospective Study.

To investigate the correlation between thyroid-related hormones and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in euthyroid patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients with T2DM admitted to our hospital between January 2023 and June 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into DR and non-diabetic retinopathy (NDR) groups according to whether DR occurred. Thyroid function-related hormones (TSH, FT3, and FT4), blood glucose indices (FBG and HbA1c), and blood lipid indices (HDL-C, LDL-C, TC, and TG) of the two groups were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression to explore the risk factors for DR. Pearson correlation analysis and multiple stepwise regression analysis were used to investigate the correlation of TSH or FT3 with FBG, HbA1c, and TG in DR patients. Of the 286 patients with T2DM included in this study, 101 (35.31%) developed DR and 185 (64.69%) did not. High TG, FBG, HbA1c, and TSH and low FT3 levels were independent risk factors for DR in T2DM patients. TSH positively correlated with TG, whereas FT3 negatively correlated with TG and HbA1c in T2DM patients with DR. Higher TSH and lower FT3 in T2DM patients with normal thyroid function may affect glucose and lipid metabolism, thereby increasing the risk of DR.