AbstractSingle crystals of trismethylammonium pentachlorobarium dihydrate were grown by slow evaporation method at ambient temperature. The crystals were characterized through powder XRD, thermal, infrared and NMR spectral studies. While the powder XRD pattern confirms the crystallinity of the title compound, the TG indicates the removal of occluded and adsorbed water molecules from the crystal when it is heated up to 86 °C. The TG study also confirms the presence of two water molecules of crystallization which are dehydrated on heating the crystal between 107 °C and 150 °C. The anhydrous compound is found to be stable at least up to 900 °C. The DTA curve shows two endothermic dips corresponding to weight losses observed in the TG curve. The low temperature DSC study shows thermal anomalies during the heating and cooling cycles indicating both first and second order phase transitions. The high temperature DSC shows the stepwise dehydration indicating phase transitions at temperatures 103 °C and 145 °C. The characteristic vibrational frequencies due to methylammonium ion, BaCl5 and other groups are assigned based on FTIR spectra. The NMR spectrum confirms the presence of protons of the methyl group and water of crystallization in the compound. In this paper, an attempt is also made to understand the effect of methyl group on the phase transitions of the compound in comparison with a closely related compound, trisammoniumpentachloro barium dihydrate. (© 2003 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)