High Technology Research Articles

High throughput platform technology for rapid target identification in personalized phage therapy

As bacteriophages continue to gain regulatory approval for personalized human therapy against antibiotic-resistant infections, there is a need for transformative technologies for rapid target identification through multiple, large, decentralized therapeutic phages biobanks. Here, we design a high throughput phage screening platform comprised of a portable library of individual shelf-stable, ready-to-use phages, in all-inclusive solid tablets. Each tablet encapsulates one phage along with luciferin and luciferase enzyme stabilized in a sugar matrix comprised of pullulan and trehalose capable of directly detecting phage-mediated adenosine triphosphate (ATP) release through ATP bioluminescence reaction upon bacterial cell burst. The tablet composition also enhances desiccation tolerance of all components, which should allow easier and cheaper international transportation of phages and as a result, increased accessibility to therapeutic phages. We demonstrate high throughput screening by identifying target phages for select multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus with targets identified within 30-120 min.

BRICS enlargement: Benefits for Russia and priority areas for further cooperation

Aim. To identify the advantages of BRICS enlargement and justify the most priority areas of further cooperation from the point of view of Russia’s geopolitical and geo-economic interests. Objectives. To study scientific materials in the context of the research topic; to assess the impact of BRICS on the political situation in the world arena and identify promising areas of further cooperation; to assess the change in the balance of power in the global energy market; to identify the most effective areas of cooperation between the countries to ensure BRICS security; to specify the relevant interaction between the countries in the financial sphere; to assess the impact of BRICS on integration with African countries; to identify the most priority areas of further cooperation; to identify the most effective areas of cooperation between the countries of the BRICS and Russia.Methods. The study uses the methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, and systematic approach.Results. The article assesses the advantages of the expansion of the association and the directions of further cooperation from the point of view of Russian geopolitical and geo-economic interests. The article substantiates that the most promising areas of cooperation are deepening the coordination of foreign policy of the BRICS countries, implementation of measures to ensure collective security, establishment of monopoly pricing in the energy market, introduction of a common settlement system and a single unit of account for the countries of the association, implementation of large-scale logistics projects. The author proposes a mechanism for pricing commodities in BRICS units of account, whereby the exchange market price in BRICS units of account is adjusted by the BRICS countries based on agreements between them.Conclusions. BRICS is changing the vector of global development from unipolar to multipolar. Russia, being in the center of these processes, increases its political weight due to the commitment of more and more countries to the ideas of changing the existing world order. The most priority areas for further interaction are the work in the direction of foreign policy coordination of the member countries, joint search for effective responses to the challenges and threats to international and regional security, closer cooperation in the field of pricing in the energy market, financial sphere, scientific and technical sector and high technology; implementation of global logistics projects.

Studies on in-flight aircraft rerouting

With the publication of this article, the authors continue the research on the development and testing of a methodology for in-flight aircraft rerouting which have begun in previously published articles in the Civil Aviation High Technologies of the Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation. This article presents the results of the study in terms of developing the potentials of the methodology from reconfiguring a route of a hypothetical aircraft and obstacles in the horizontal plane, which were previously demonstrated, prior to rerouting in both the horizontal and vertical planes for two different types of obstacles: 1) ground natural or artificial (mountain, power line support, etc.); 2) air (squall line, prohibited flight area, etc.) and their combinations using an example of a Mi-8 helicopter flight on route using a real digital map of the terrain. As mentioned above, a large amount of aviation accidents is associated with the loss of control in-flight, as well as the collision with terrain in a controlled flight (categories LOC-I, CFIT, LALT). As a result of the investigation of the aviation accidents, it was found that these accidents are often caused by the requirement to reroute quickly due to obstacles, for example, a squall line. When determining alternatives to avoid an obstacle, as well as while implementing the selected route for avoiding action, the crew makes errors due to the increased psychophysiological load and lack of time. The methodology and the algorithms, proposed by the authors, make it possible to assess the safety of an original route, estimate options for alternatives to avoid around obstacles detected in-flight, check them for feasibility, taking into account aircraft performance, flight envelope, and also select the optimal route from the view of some criterion, for example, based on minimizing the route length increase, reducing additional fuel consumption, the time required to implement a new route of flight, etc.

Levels of Rare Earth Elements in Food and Human Dietary Exposure: A Review.

Rare earth elements (REEs) are a group consisting of the following 17 metals: Ce, Dy, Er, Eu, Gd, Ho, La, Lu, Nd, Pr, Pm, Sc, Sm, Tb, Tm, Y and Yb. In the current century, the number of applications of REEs has significantly increased. They are being used as components in high technology devices of great importance industrial/economic. However, information on the risk of human exposure to REEs, as well as the potential toxic effects of these elements is still limited. In general terms, dietary intake is the main route of exposure to metals for non-occupationally exposed individuals, which should be also expected for REEs. The current paper aimed at reviewing the studies -conducted over the world- that focused on determining the levels of REEs in foods, as well as the dietary intake of these elements. Most studies do not suggest potential health risk for consumers of freshwater and marine species of higher consumption, or derived from the intake of a number of vegetables, fruits, mushrooms, as well as other various foodstuffs (honey, tea, rice, etc.). The current estimated daily intake (EDI) of REEs does not seem to be of concern. However, considering the expected wide use of these elements in the next years, it seems to be clearly recommendable to assess periodically the potential health risk of the dietary exposure to REEs. This is already being done with well-known toxic elements such as As, Cd, Pb and Hg, among other potentially toxic metals.

РАЗВИТИЕ НАУЧНОГО НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ В ОБЛАСТИ ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕНИЯ ЧРЕЗВЫЧАЙНЫХ СИТУАЦИЙ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ХАРАКТЕРА

Substantiates the strategy for the development of a promising scientific area of activity of the All-Russian research institute for civil defense and emergency situations of EMERCOM of Russia (Federal center for science and high technologies) in the field of preventing the environmental consequences of emergencies, ensuring environmental safety, in terms of the activities of EMERCOM of Russia. The development of a new interdisciplinary field of research into interrelated problems of ensuring the safety of life of the population, the state of human protection from emergencies, monitoring and forecasting their environmentally adverse consequences is becoming particularly relevant in a complex geopolitical situation, the reduction of reserves of uncontaminated natural resources, and the ever-increasing technospheric impact on the natural environment. The novelty of the approaches proposed by the authors lies in a new format for studying the processes of environmental hazard from the standpoint of preventing its occurrence at the stage and in the sources of origin. The purpose of this study was to develop new conceptual approaches, the main activities of a scientific institution in the interdisciplinary subject area of monitoring, forecasting the state of protection of the population, the natural environment, territories from threats of natural and man-made emergencies in terms of preventing dangerous environmental and related consequences. One of the applied tasks of the work was to substantiate the formation of one of the first joint dissertation councils in Russia in the scientific specialty «Environmental safety». According to the authors of the article, the development of scientific research within the framework of the work of the new dissertation council will serve as a powerful impetus to the intensification of research activities in the relevant field of knowledge aimed at ensuring the safety, favorable conditions of Russian citizens, protection and preservation of the natural environment, ensuring sustainable socio-economic development of the Russian Federation.

Investigation of europium(III) uptake from highly sulphate solution via cloud point extraction by mono-Schiff base combined with Triton X-100

ABSTRACT Owing to its unique physico-chemical properties, europium is one of the most precious and sought-after rare earth elements in the field of high technology. The major economic and commercial importance of such an element, combined with the pollution risks associated with its intensive use, require the development of efficient and eco-compatible recovery and recycling processes. This study focuses on the recovery of europium from highly saline sulphate media (0.5 mol/L) using an environmentally friendly two-phase aqueous extraction technique (known as cloud point extraction (CPE)), using 2((phenylimino)methyl)phenol mono-Schiff base (HPIMP) as the extractant and Triton X-100 as the non-ionic surfactant. The influence of key experimental parameters such as pH, extractant concentration, surfactant concentration and separation temperature on the europium extraction process was systematically studied and optimized. Under optimum experimental conditions, a quasi-quantitative extraction with a minimal volume fraction of surfactant-rich phase (φs = 0.025), and concentration factor of (CF = 38) was achieved at pH 9.8, in one stage. The analysis of the extraction data revealed that the CPE of europium(III) takes place by a cation exchange-solvation mechanism. The stoichiometry of the complex extracted into the surfactant-rich phase was ascertained to have a composition of 1:2 [Eu:HPIMP] with the slope analysis method. A higher extraction constant was obtained for CPE compared with conventional solvent extraction, confirming the feasibility and usefulness of CPE for Eu(III) recovery. On the other hand, this new HPIMP/Triton X-100 chelating system showed superior extractability for Eu(III) in the CPE process relative to other systems reported previously.

An Analysis of Innovative Contributions to the Important Discourse on the Development of New Quality Productivity

The discourse on developing high-quality productivity marks a significant theoretical innovation, which is conducive to the modernization and sinicization of Marxism. It refines our understanding of “new quality productivity,” defining it as an advanced form driven by innovation, embodying “high technology, efficiency, and quality,” with the aim of comprehensively enhancing productivity. It elucidates the necessity of cultivating such forces, asserting that they are crucial for achieving high-quality development, securing a leading position in global technology, and fulfilling the aspirations for a better life. Moreover, it outlines a new implementation route, emphasizing strategies such as fostering technological autonomy, nurturing emerging industries, integrating education and talent in technology, adopting a “build through challenges” approach, adjusting solutions locally, and providing categorized guidance, all of which are based on the ongoing comprehensive reforms.

History of Domestic Legal Regulation of Information and High Technologies

History of Domestic Legal Regulation of Information and High Technologies

Application of Cations, Acids, and Antioxidants on Mitigating Acrylamide Formation in Food with a Special Focus on Potato and Cereal Based Foods - A Review

Acrylamide is a toxic substance that formsin food during high-temperature processing methods such as deep-frying, baking, and roasting, through the Maillard reaction or the acrolein pathway. Since acrylamide has been identified for its carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, and neurotoxicity, global food authorities have established benchmark levels for different food categories. Consequently, researchers have proposed various mitigation strategies, focusing on agronomical, chemical, physical, and microbial approaches. However, most of these approaches are associated with high cost, technology, extended time, and poor sensory and nutritional quality. In this context, application of various additives such as metal cations, organic and inorganic acids, and antioxidants in optimum amounts have been effective in reducing acrylamide formation. Additives contribute to reducing acrylamide either by interacting with its precursors and/or intermediate products or by breaking down acrylamide into other non-toxic substances. Since cations can form thermostable asparagine/matrix intermediates through chelation reaction between asparagine and metal cations, asparagine will be unavailable to react with carbonyl compounds to form the Schiff base. Lower pH conditions inhibit the acrylamide formation by blocking the protonation of the α-amino group of asparagine and reducing any possibility for nucleophilic addition reactions with carbonyl groups. Toxicity associated with Maillard products can be reduced by using antioxidants in the frying oil or the food. Polyphenols are capable of reducing the acrylamide formation by directly trapping acrylamide at elevated temperature. It is essential to identify the most appropriate additive, its concentration and the optimum process conditions when applying additives to get an optimal acrylamide inhibition. This review article highlights the effect of various additive applications, their effectiveness and possible future advances in food to control acrylamide formation within the accepted level.Keywords: Acrylamide, Antioxidant, Carcinogenicity, Deep-frying, Maillard reaction

CONTOURS OF THE NOOSPHERE IN THE XXI CENTURY: A LOOK INTO THE FUTURE

The article attempts to comprehend the modern understanding of the noosphere, taking into account both the achievements of mankind in the creation of high technologies and the crisis phenomena that arise in the process of reaching the planetary stage of development. Destructive types of activity and human desire for creation are considered; the dominant types of human activities in relation to nature in different types of civilizations are indicated. The global noospheric aspect of intelligence was discovered, which reveals the noospheric unity of nature and humanity; content of noospheric intelligence as a civilizational asset; it shows the signs of noosphericity in the intellectuality of the individual; we foresee four stages of formation and development of noosphere society.

Understanding the Dynamic and Episodic Nature of Technostressors and Their Effects on Cyberdeviance: A Daily Field Investigation

From a management perspective, our results first reveal the detrimental impacts of daily technostressors on the functioning of an organization and its employees. Managers should be cognizant of these consequences and create a relaxing work environment or design tools to reduce technostressors. Managers can institute more daily breaks and ensure that employees have autonomy over when to take breaks and what they do during their break time. We also encourage executives to avoid using information and communication technologies to technologically invade the lives and personal time of employees in the evening after work. Second, to reduce the incidence of daily cyberdeviance, managers should offer assistance programs to their employees to teach them how to control or manage their emotional and cognitive resources and to better cope with techno-overload and techno-invasion. Third, the moderating effect of technology self-efficacy suggests that there are added benefits to selecting and training employees with high technology self-efficacy, as doing so not only helps employees to cope with techno-overload but also enables them to regulate their immediate emotions rather than engage in daily cyberdeviance at work.

CONTOURS OF THE NOOSPHERE IN THE XXI CENTURY: A LOOK INTO THE FUTURE

The article attempts to comprehend the modern understanding of the noosphere, taking into account both the achievements of mankind in the creation of high technologies and the crisis phenomena that arise in the process of reaching the planetary stage of development. Destructive types of activity and human desire for creation are considered; the dominant types of human activities in relation to nature in different types of civilizations are indicated. The global noospheric aspect of intelligence was discovered, which reveals the noospheric unity of nature and humanity; content of noospheric intelligence as a civilizational asset; it shows the signs of noosphericity in the intellectuality of the individual; we foresee four stages of formation and development of noosphere society.

Hybrid fault tolerant cost aware mechanism for scientific workflow in cloud computing

Cloud computing provides solutions for diverse commercial and academic applications which is the primary goal. Scientific workflows are used in the cloud-computing environment to analyses large-scale scientific applications. For scientific workflows, many data is required, and a single scientific workflow that includes hundreds of stages, depending on the application's time restrictions, task failures, money limits, incorrect task organization, and task management issues can all hinder the implementation of scientific methods. In light of this, a cloud-based scientific workflow management and scheduling system that is fault-tolerant and data-oriented method are proposed. This research designs a novel hybrid cost-aware fault tolerant (HCFT) mechanism for minimizing the cost. Moreover, HCFT integrates optimal clustering and efficient resource utilization through parallel and distributed execution. Novelty of HCFT lies in novel clustering of the similar task for improvisation, CyberShake, laser interferometer gravitational wave observatory (LIGO), Montage, and sRNA identification protocol using high throughput technology (SIPHT) processes are used in the simulations to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach.

Phyllanthuse emblica polyphenols: optimization of high-voltage pulsed electric field assisted extraction, an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro

BackgroundThe polyphenols extraction of Phyllanthus emblica is primarily carried out using organic solvents, and assisted by physical fields such as ultrasound and microwave for extraction. High voltage pulsed electric field technology (PEF) is a non-thermal processing technology that has high efficiency and minimal damage to thermosensitive substances. PEF has been applied to plant extraction in many studies, however, the extraction of polyphenols from Phyllanthus emblica using the PEF has still not been reported; ObjectiveThis study explores the optimal extraction process of polyphenols from Phyllanthus emblica using the PEF, and investigates its relaxation and anti-wrinkle based on anti-oxidation and anti-inflammatory experiment, in order to develop a Phyllanthus emblica extract with substantial efficacy; Materials and MethodsThe method of Phyllanthus emblica extract using PEF is established, and compared with a traditional extraction method. The experimental conditions, such as electric field intensity (0.5~6.0kV/cm), pulse times (20~120), extraction time (0~60min) and material concentration (0.5%~3%), are investigated and optimized using orthogonal experiments; Resultsthe polyphenols in the Phyllanthus emblica extract were highest at the electric field intensity of 5kV / cm, 120 pulses, extraction time of 30minutes, and 2% material concentration. The PEFcontained more polyphenols than the conventional water extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction. The Phyllanthus emblica extract had substantial antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, with a good clearance effect on DPPH ( IC50 of 1.82%) and ABTS ( IC50 of 1.80%) radicals. At the Phyllanthus emblica extract concentration of 1.25%, inflammatory factors (TNF-α) were reduced by 47.08%; and ConclusionThe PEF is a leading-edge and promising method for preparing Phyllanthus emblica extracts.

Factor mismatch measurement of resource-based cities: Evidence from all-round optimization total factor productivity decomposition framework

In-depth analysis of the factors affecting the transformation of resource-based cities can provide effective support for the transformation and development of resource-dependent regions.How to comprehensively identify the factors affecting the transformation of resource-based cities is a complex problem. This study starts from the total factor productivity model and focuses on the two core basic factors that affect the transformation process of cities reliant on resources. Economic benefits and energy efficiency, respectively, from the economic benefit analysis framework and energy efficiency analysis framework for reconstruction, the two frameworks are combined with the use of distorted prices of resource elements to solve the problem that the synergistic effect of economic benefits and energy efficiency can not be measured. In order to quantitatively analyze the factors that affect the development efficiency of cities reliant on resources under the single or synergistic effect of the comprehensive framework, this study optimizes the directional distance function from three perspectives : exogenous weight, direction vector endogeneity, and absolute distance transformation relative distance, thus achieving an accurate assessment transformation efficiency of cities reliant on resources. Considering the impact of the new coronavirus epidemic, this study only selected the data of resource-based cities from 2003 to 2018, and found through model calculation that the impact on the transformation of cities reliant on resources : (1) Labor mismatch is mainly achieved by affecting the structure about the production of resource-based enterprises and industrial human resources; (2) Capital mismatch is mainly realized by affecting the production of resource-based enterprises ; (3) Energy mismatch is mainly achieved by affecting high energy consumption enterprises and low production technology level enterprises. Further research shows that the main objects of these factors are the four parts of production technology level, energy consumption, total factor productivity and industrial structure. Through these contents, they affect environmental efficiency and deeply affect the transformation process of resource-based cities.

Implementation of sub-100 nm vertical channel-all-around (CAA) thin-film transistor using thermal atomic layer deposited IGZO channel

In–Ga–Zn–O (IGZO) channel based thin-film transistors (TFT), which exhibit high on–off current ratio and relatively high mobility, has been widely researched due to its back end of line (BEOL)-compatible potential for the next generation dynamic random access memory (DRAM) application. In this work, thermal atomic layer deposition (TALD) indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) technology was explored. It was found that the atomic composition and the physical properties of the IGZO films can be modulated by changing the sub-cycles number during atomic layer deposition (ALD) process. In addition, thin-film transistors (TFTs) with vertical channel-all-around (CAA) structure were realized to explore the influence of different IGZO films as channel layers on the performance of transistors. Our research demonstrates that TALD is crucial for high density integration technology, and the proposed vertical IGZO CAA-TFT provides a feasible path to break through the technical problems for the continuous scale of electronic equipment.

High energy-storage properties of Sr0.7Bi0.2-xLaxTiO3 lead-free relaxor ferroelectric ceramics for pulsed power capacitors

Ceramic capacitors are very promising to be commercialize with ease for high pulse power technology owing to their fast charging/discharging rate, high bending strength and as well as their high energy density. Small, fine, and compacted grains in conjunction with slim P-E loops, and high breakdown electric field strength (Eb) play crucial role in the improvement of recoverable energy storage density. In this work, the microstructure and electrical properties of La2O3 modified Sr0.7Bi0.2-xLaxTiO3 ceramics (SBLTO, x=0, 0.01, 0.02, and 0.05, and short for SBTO, SBLTO-0.01, SBLTO-0.02, and SBLTO-0.05, respectively) were investigated in details. Furthermore, introducing La2O3 into SBTO ceramics not only refined grains and increased insulation resistance, but also resulted in significantly better energy-storage characteristics, as compared with the pure SBTO ceramics. Recoverable energy-storage density (Wrec) was obtained up to 5.8 J/cm3 in SBLTO-0.01 lead-free ceramic, which is better than that of other reported SBTO-based ceramics. Moreover, the Wrec of the SBLTO-0.01 ceramic also presents good frequency (2-500 Hz) and thermal (25-120°C) stabilities under an electric field strength of 150 kV/cm. Furthermore, the charge-discharge results demonstrated a high power density∼92 MW/cm3 and a short discharging speed time∼39 ns. As a result, our work offers SBTO-based ceramics with a feasible method for enhancing the energy-storage characteristic.

Metaverse ve Psikiyatri: Bir Gözden Geçirme

Today, with the development of technology, the concept of the virtual world is gaining more and more importance. "Metaverse", which has become popular in recent years, aims to provide an environment where people can interact, do business, have fun and even live in the digital world. Metaverse, which has become increasingly popular in recent years, offers many different uses in the field of mental health. However, we do not yet have enough information about the effects of this technology on mental health. The effect of Metaverse on mental health has been the subject of many researches that it can be used in areas such as the treatment of psychological disorders, stress reduction, self-confidence, and development of social interaction skills. The biggest advantage of using Metaverse for psychiatric treatment is that the virtual world is separated from the real world. Therefore, the stress, anxiety and other emotional reactions experienced during treatment have no real-life consequences. In addition, the therapist is easier to access in the virtual world and can help patients adapt to treatment more easily. However, the use of Metaverse for psychiatric treatment also has some disadvantages. For example, this method of treatment may be an unrealistic experience for some patients and not effective enough for others. Also, this treatment modality has limited accessibility as it requires high cost equipment and technology. In particular, there has not been enough research on the relationship between the use of Metaverse in the diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric diseases. More research is needed on the effect of Metaverse on mental health. In particular, more studies are needed on its long-term effects and effects on different people. In this review, studies investigating the potential relationship between Metaverse technology and psychiatry and how this technology can be used in the psychiatric field are reviewed.

Predicting High Technology Exports of Countries for Sustainable Economic Growth by Using Machine Learning Techniques: The Case of Turkey

In this study, the estimation of high-tech exports for Turkey’s foreign trade target in line with sustainable development was carried out. The research was carried out for Turkey since it has been focusing on sustainable and environmentally friendly production and an export-oriented growth model, with a transformation in its economic growth strategy as of 2021, and high-tech products are a determining factor in the export target. In this research, three different machine learning techniques, namely artificial neural networks, logistic regression, and support vector regression, were used to determine a successful prediction method close to the ideal scenario. In the models, high technology exports for the period of 2007–2023 with data obtained from the World Bank were taken as the dependent variable, while the gross national product, number of patents, and research and development expenditures were taken as independent variables. By calculating the R2, MAPE, and MSE metrics, the success of the model with the least error was evaluated, and it was seen that artificial neural networks (ANNs) were the most successful model, with values of 94.2%, 0.011, and 0.073, respectively. The ANN model was followed by support regression and logistic regression.

Development of a model of the information and analytical system for making decisions on detecting failures of information transmission channels

The object of the research is the channels of information transmission during the control of the information-analytical decision-making system. The development of high technologies and computing capabilities ensures the evolutionary development of smart technologies and socio-cyber-physical systems on the one hand. On the other hand, it forms the integration of targeted (mixed) attacks with the possibility of integration with social engineering methods. In addition, mobile technologies significantly increase the possibilities of data transmission speed. However, this only provides the authentication service, which does not provide a full range of security services. Under such conditions, an urgent task at the decision-making stage is the use of auxiliary systems that ensure the adequacy of decisions and the promptness of their adoption. The proposed mathematical model of the information and analytical system allows to calculate the main technical characteristics of information transmission channels and identify their possible failures. The use of an information and analytical system simplifies the decision-making process, allows to increase the reliability of such decisions due to an increase in the level of automation. Increasing the level of automation in the decision-making process removes subjective factors and the decision depends on the availability of information. Therefore, the reliability of the information transmission channels of the information and analytical system significantly affects the quality of the decisions made. The developed model allows to ensure the required level of reliability of information transmission channels. The obtained results are explained by determining the dependence between the parameters of the information and analytical system and their influence on the quality of information transmission through channels. The results of the study can be used in practice when considering systems with a limited number of states during operation