High-speed Railway Transport Research Articles

Recognition of Wheel Polygon Based on W/R Force Measurement by Piezoelectric Sensors in GSM-R Network

The influence of polygonal wheels on vehicle dynamic responses and condition monitoring measurement, are a focal point of research to ensure operation safety and improve service quality of high speed railway transportation. Wheel defects are commonly identified by the detection of wheel–rail (W/R) contact forces based on installing strain gauge on wheelsets or rails. Compared with strain gauge, PVDF piezoelectric sensor has the advantages of high sensitivity, wide frequency response, vast dynamic range, and perfect electromagnetic-immune property. Hence, a measure system to recognize wheel polygon based on W/R force measurement by PVDF strain sensors in Railroad network is built, which has long distance and high stability. On the basis of W/R contact forces derived from wheel polygon impacts, the measured PVDF strain sensor response is processed to generate an index that reflects the condition of wheel polygon. An automatic remote condition monitoring system is designed under GSM-R transmission lines. The preliminary experimental results showed that this system is suitable for complex electromagnetic environment and stable demands of high speed railways.

Models and Algorithms of Conflict Detection and Scheduling Optimization for High-Speed Train Operations Based on MPC

The high-speed train with high transport speed and punctuality rate has become a leading tool of daily traveling. Compared with the general-speed railway transportation, the high-speed railway transportation requires a timely and automatic adjustment capability in the centralized traffic control (CTC) system. In order to improve the capability, this paper mainly explores the models and algorithms of conflict detection and scheduling optimization of high-speed train operations. They are implemented under the mechanism of model predictive control (MPC) over the rolling prediction horizon. A train movement prediction model with conflict resolution is established. The mechanism of conflict detection and scheduling optimization is implemented through a case study. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed mechanism.

Estimation of conditions of using combined single-track and double-track railways at high-speed traffic

An important condition when arranging high-speed railway transportation with insignificant traffic is saving of capital investments in construction of new lines or the reconstruction the existing ones. Development of methods for multi-criteria estimation of the possibility of using fully single-track blocks on a line with high-speed traffic, as well as single-track blocks with double-track inserts, is a relevant issue. The purpose of the study is to develop the criteria and the method for estimation of the feasibility of using single-track elements on a line with high-speed traffic. Methods of simulation modeling, mathematical statistics, regression analysis were used. A method that includes estimation of the technological conditions of using single-track elements on a line with high-speed traffic instead of double-track blocks was developed. The method can be used for multi-criteria optimization of the configuration of a combined single-track and a double-track line using single-track elements in high-cost areas.

Evaluation of Effectiveness of Different Transport Modes for Regular Mass Freight Transportation

The article deals with different transport modes for regular mass freight transportation, their efficiency evaluation is conducted on the bases of cost, operational and environmental properties. Introduction. Due to demand in ensuring mass transportations between Southeastern Asia and Europe, there is a topical issue of efficient application of different types of ground transport. There is a request rising, to use cutting edge achievements in technology, to increase speeds of freight transportation for long distance and their safety and environmental friendliness enhancement. Analysis. Consideration of cost properties of application of different transport modes for mass freight transportation allows revealing that the lowest infrastructure cost is typical for conventional railway transport; the lowest prime cost of transportation is ensured by maglev transport with permanent magnets of the “RosMaglev” technology; the lowest commercially profitable mode of transport for today’s level of science and technology is vacuum transport. Operationally, the leading project is “RosMaglev”, with the vacuum transport having the lowest operational efficiency. From environmental and carrying safety points of view, railway transport has gone pretty far in the recent two decades. However, a more sustainable and safe one is the maglev and vacuum modes of transport, which is explained by lack of emissions and other types of pollution, including noise pollution. In terms of safety, maglev transport is the most competitive mode of transport. Whereas, vacuum transport is the most dangerous one. Results. For mass freight transportation, the most promising mode of transport is the “RosMaglev” permanent magnets maglev transport, according to the authors. The technology allows significant increase of infrastructure construction costs. The second most promising mode is conventional railway transport. However, if the demand in transportation is low and the energy efficient traction rolling stock is implemented, the high-speed freight railway transport may be highly competitive, especially in countries with developed high-speed railway network. The vacuum transport holds firmly the third place. Conclusion. The relevance of maglev transport implementation for mass freight transportations is obvious. The maglev technologies now in use in many countries for carrying passengers have proved profitable, safe and convenient. Technical “maturity” of these technologies allows considering all points and factors when constructing maglev freight lines which is very topical due to increasing need in searching transport routes alternative to sea routes.

Implementing a GPU-based numerical algorithm for modelling dynamics of a high-speed train

ABSTRACTThis paper discusses the initiative of implementing a GPU-based numerical algorithm for studying various phenomena associated with dynamics of a high-speed railway transport. The proposed numerical algorithm for calculating a critical speed of the bogie is based on the first Lyapunov number. Numerical algorithm is validated by analytical results, derived for a simple model. A dynamic model of a carriage connected to a new dual-wheelset flexible bogie is studied for linear and dry friction damping. Numerical results obtained by CPU, MPU and GPU approaches are compared and appropriateness of these methods is discussed.

Телекоммуникационные системы и сети высокоскоростного железнодорожного транспорта

Objective: To consider the main approaches to organization of systems and communication networks on high-speed railway transport and provide cyber security on the basis of current international and home practice in the given sphere. Methods: Game-theory approach, hierarchy analysis method as well as topological transformation of stochastic networks were applied in the given study. Results: It was detected that a single realization of organizational and technical measures on cyber security cannot provide strong security from threats of cyber security during a long period of time; the latter is connected with constant development of data infrastructure, modification of methods, as well as the methods of attacks, potential attacker opportunities and other factors. Telecommunication networks’ security (TKS) of OJSC “Russian railways” and high-speed railway lines (VSM) from cyber impact is a systemic problem, for the solution of which fundamental research studies are to be conducted, aimed at the detection of basic patterns of information confrontation and directions of TKS cyber security provision and, subsequently, research and development activities for creating an automated communication control system of OJSC “Russian railways” and VSM, the constituent part of which is a subsystem of TKS information security. It is advisable to create an expert council based at regional transport universities, which provide extensive analysis conduct of systems and means of providing information security offered by the industry, as well as cyber security of OJSC “Russian railways” and VSM critically important systems including TKS. Practical importance: The realization of the suggested approach to OJSC “Russian railways” and VSM cyber security provision will make it possible to form the conditions for safe functioning of elements of information infrastructure, provide the creation, effective functioning and the improvement of cyber security control system, as well as to minimize damage from possible attack attempts.

Управление безопасностью высокоскоростного железнодорожного транспорта

Objective: To determine the main approaches to safety management of high-speed railway transport on the basis of modern international and domestic practices in the specified sphere. Methods: Analysis methods of security risks on railway transport were considered in accordance with modern international standards of management of interconnected indices’ complex, which include reliability, availability, maintainability and safety and cost (Life Cycle Cost – LCC) at all stages of transportation systems’ life cycle: EN 50126 (IEC 62278), EN 50128 (IEC 62279), EN 50129 (IEC 62425) and IEC 60300-3-3. Results: The main approaches to safety measures of high-speed railway lines (VSM) were detected. The former involve using a lifecycle concept of engineering systems and facilities, management methodology of RAMS/LCC interconnected indices’ complex at all stages of a life cycle, wide application of the process approach and the tools of quality and safety management systems, development and implementation of technological maturity assessment methodology for security management activities, as well as object-oriented and coherent improvement of regulatory base, the systems of administrative and control and permission authorities, technical and technological development, management of external, inland and allocated risks under market relations. Practical importance: The examined approaches of VSM safety control make it possible to obtain a priori estimates of safety control processes and thus determine the achieved level of safety together with the levels of technological maturity of railway organizations’ processes.

Analyze China High-Speed Railway Ticket for Spring Transportation from the Perspective of Microeconomics

In recent ten years, the rapid development of China high-speed railway is called "China miracle", and it not only provides great convenience for people's daily life trip, but also greatly promotes the economic development. However, the annual spring transportation in the special period is still a great challenge to high-speed railway transportation, and this paper analyzes the high-speed railway ticket for spring transportation from the perspective of microeconomics, and then thinks for the solution.This paper specifically analyzes the problem that demand exceeds supply for high-speed railway ticket by using the theories of the demand elasticity of supply and demand and the influence of price on supply and demand, monopoly markets. In addition, opportunity cost, incomplete information and other economic principles are used to think about the theoretical reasons for the difficulty of buying tickets during the spring transportation. I have given my understanding for the two problems owned by China spring transportation, and the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions. For example, speed up the development of substitutes and carry out the mechanism of price fluctuation; In the ticket refunding mechanism, this paper boldly conceives the method to relieve the pressure through a reasonable and scientific ticket refunding mechanism. Finally, this paper starts from the source and find the key point to solve the problem of spring transportation in China by breaking the urban-rural dual structure.Hereafter the final conclusion was drawn: Although there are some problems to cope with the spring transport for the current China high-speed railway, it is believed that in the near future, the difficulty of buying a ticket in spring transportation will no longer hinder the homecoming of wanderers.

A conceptual model of power supply for the integrated grid of high-speed railway transport in Russia

The strategy of railway-transport development in Russia until 2030 and beyond involves the application of new technologies ensuring the competitiveness of Russian railways, which act as one of the key growth factors of the economy and its system-forming sector in the transportation industry of Russia. The article discusses the main factors and breakthrough technologies on the basis of which an integrated grid of high-speed railway connection is created. Paramount importance is given to increasing the speed of passenger and freight trains, combining high-speed railway lines into a single grid to provide an agglomeration effect, mobility, energy efficiency, and environmental safety. One of the priorities is the factor of reliable and safe power supply of competitive railway connections, for which a conceptual model of railway power supply is developed.

Design of Cyber-Physical Systems Architecture for Prognostics and Health Management of High-speed Railway Transportation Systems

The high-speed railway (HSR) transportation system in China has been growing rapidly during the past decade. In 2016, the total length of HSR in China has reached to 22,000 kilometers, and there are over 2,000 pairs of high speed trains operating daily. With the advancement of design and manufacturing technologies, the reliability and construction costs have been improved significantly. However, there is still great need for reduction of their operation and maintenance costs. With such incentive, a pilot project has been launched in CRRC to develop a prognostics and health management system for rolling stock to transform the maintenance paradigm from preventive to predictive maintenance. Considering the high task variety and big data environment in HSR real-time monitoring system, a cyber-physical system (CPS) architecture is proposed as the framework for its PHM system. This paper reviews the needs of predictive maintenance for the HSR system, and then present a concept design of the CPS-enabled smart operation and maintenance system.

The Problem of High-Speed Railway Noise Prediction and Reduction

In view of the rapid high-speed railway transport development in the world, the question of ecological safety of the people living in the areas adjacent to transport infrastructure networks, including physical factors compliance, becomes crucial. The article introduces problems of high-speed railway noise control and prediction (with train speed from 250 to 400 km\\h), calculation methods for determining high-speed train noise characteristics; comparison of the calculation and experimental results is made. The article describes main ways of high-speed train noise reduction, in the noise source in particular, such as installing small local noise barriers and aerodynamic streamlining of the rolling stock and its separate elements (pantograph, etc.), implemented in China, Japan, France, German, South Korea and other countries. The article also considers efficiency of the main practically applied noise mitigation measures.

A Passenger Flow Risk Forecasting Algorithm for High-Speed Railway Transport Hub Based on Surveillance Sensor Networks

Passenger flow risk forecasting is a vital task for safety management in high-speed railway transport hub. In this paper, we considered the passenger flow risk forecasting problem in high-speed railway transport hub. Based on the surveillance sensor networks, a passenger flow risk forecasting algorithm was developed based on spatial correlation. Computational results showed that the proposed forecasting approach was effective and significant for the high-speed railway transport hub.

Passenger Flow Detection of Video Surveillance: A Case Study of High-Speed Railway Transport Hub in China

Detect moving object from a video sequence is a fundamental and critical task in many computer vision applications. With video surveillance system of high-speed railway transport hub, one of the aims for passenger flow detection is to accurately and promptly detect potential safety hazard hidden in passenger flow. In this paper, a procedure of passenger flow detection in high-speed railway transport hub is presented. According to the key steps of procedure, a modified background model based on Dempster-Shafer theory, and a passenger flow status recognition algorithm based on features of image connected domain are proposed to improve the accuracy and real-time performance of passenger flow detection. Credit and effects of proposed methods were proved by experiment on data from high-speed railway transport hub video surveillance system. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eee.21.1.9805

Sensor Networks Hierarchical Optimization Model for Security Monitoring in High-Speed Railway Transport Hub

We consider the sensor networks hierarchical optimization problem in high-speed railway transport hub (HRTH). The sensor networks are optimized from three hierarchies which are key area sensors optimization, passenger line sensors optimization, and whole area sensors optimization. Case study on a specific HRTH in China showed that the hierarchical optimization method is effective to optimize the sensor networks for security monitoring in HRTH.

RESEARCH OF MODERN PASSENQER TRANSPORTATION OF RAILWAY TRANSPORT IN UKRAINE

In the article deals with the study of modern high-speed passenger railway transport of Ukraine andthe proposals on their improvement. The sides discussed the efficiency of operation of modern systems ofhigh-speed traffic on the example of trains category intercity+ and intercity and determined prospects of itsdevelopment. As the most promising areas was selected the necessity of introduction of domestic high-speedrolling stock, creation of the system of decision support for flexible control of the operation of the rollingstock and the application of the elements of the marketing and logistics management to improve the quality of passenger service.

Analysis on the Main Factors Influencing the High-Speed Railway Passenger Flow

With the rapid development of our national economy, the fast process of city, regional passenger demand is increasing rapidly, high-speed railway emerging as the times requiring. High-speed railway has many advantages in essence and also some disadvantages. How to use its advantages, how to avoid their disadvantages, is important for the advantageous to improve the interests of the company on high speed railway transport department and railway sector, as well as the social development. Through the way of questionnaire survey, statistics and analyzes the main factors affecting the High-speed Rail passenger flow, provides more active mode of operation for the High-speed Rail department. This paper raised the urgent and realistic basis to improve the service level.

Research on Passenger's Choice Behavior Based on Beijing-Guangzhou High-Speed Railway Ticket Data

This paper has analyzed passenger flows' characteristics of Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway based on the ticket data of 2013 January, including passengers' distribution on the ranges of trip distance and passengers' composition in each range. Furthermore, it concentrated on analyzing preferences on passenger's choice behavior among the passengers of different OD pairs and the difference between weekday and weekend on passenger's behavior. The result shows short journey passenger had lower sensitivities on ticket price and travel speed, the selection of passengers from low-level node to high-level node on departure time had obvious clustering effect. With the increase of trip distance, the sensitivities of passengers on ticket price, travel speed and originating train would increase correspondingly. The paper's conclusion has referential meaning for researches on the optimization of high-speed railway transport organization.

Studying colloidal greases with hard nanoparticles of aluminum silicates used to reduce wear of steel friction pairs

Electron diffraction analysis was used to study the dispersion of natural bentonite particles accompanied by the formation of nanoparticles of aluminum silicates and the rheological behavior of these colloidal systems was investigated. Based on these results, an additive to grease has been proposed, which was highly efficient in terms of improving the wear resistance of lubricated steel surfaces. This additive was produced by the chemical disintegration of modified natural aluminum silicates and their homogeneous distribution in the bulk of the grease using the resonance method. The effect of the amount of the antifriction additive to the grease on the wear resistance of steel specimens was studied. Improving the wear resistance of lubricated steel surfaces was due to the use of the antiwear additive that contained available and inexpensive components. The proposed grease is promising for lubricating the rail-wheel contact, especially in high-speed railway transport.

Design and Implementation of the Management Decision Support System of High-Speed Railway Transport Capacity Based on UML

On the basis of the demand analysis of high-speed railway transport capacity management decision support system, we build static structure view, dynamic behavior view and model management view basing on the Modeling Language of UML and described the essential factor, events and activities of this system in time and space separately. On the basis of the above, we develop the management decision support system of high-speed railway transport capacity, which provide fundamental basis for the optimal configuration of transportation capacity resource, and then form the high-speed railway calculation evaluation and management system. In the end, we apply the system to the calculation examples of Beijing-Shanghai high speed railway.

Design of High-Speed Railway Train Dispatching Simulation Training System

With China's high-speed railway are built in large quantities to a huge network, the new features of the high-speed railway present a severe challenge for train dispatching command. Therefore, development and design of high-speed railway train dispatching simulation training system is indispensable. This paper analyzes the requirement of the system, puts forward the overall structure of system, describes the data flow and designs the function modules. All work lays the foundation for the systems development and use. It has important significance in the cultivation of the high-speed railway transport professional talents and improves the railway transport information.