High-skilled Talents Research Articles

Academic return migration amidst North-to-South trend: an integrative inquiry into the case of Chinese international STEM researchers

ABSTRACT Set against the booming reverse migration of scientific talents from developed nations to newly-emerged advanced economies, this study particularly examines the return of Chinese early career researchers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Deploying a mixed research design that integrates quantitative and qualitative traditions, it aims to address three prominent knowledge gaps surrounding this emergent pattern of transnational academic migration. According to survey results, caring duties, career prospects, and cultural attachments have consistently emerged as the primary drivers for returnees who received PhD training in various host destinations. In contrast, economic and lifestyle concerns were of much less import to those completing the doctorate in leading Anglophone countries. Stark gender disparities were also observed, with male returnees’ desire to secure cultural familiarity and upward mobility especially evident and their use of transnational academic networks more prevalent. Moreover, participants who made the decision to return toward the end of their overseas sojourn and whose doctoral education was sponsored by the Chinese government demonstrated a significantly higher likelihood of considering onward migratory movement. While largely corroborating the quantitative findings, interview data further highlights the vital role of a justice-oriented university environment in attracting high-skilled talents from across different axes of social disadvantage. Throughout, it points to the prospective stickiness of return migration instigated amidst the radical shifts in global science. We conclude the paper with critical reflections on our empirical and methodological focus.

The Role of Global High-Skilled Talent in Entrepreneurship and Innovation

The Role of Global High-Skilled Talent in Entrepreneurship and Innovation

Discussing the Reshaping of Employment Structure by Artificial Intelligence: Opportunities and Challenges

This paper first introduces the development trend of AI, including more powerful and universal models, deep integration with various fields, the rise of reinforcement learning, integration with edge computing, the importance of AI ethics, the development of embodied robots, and the popularization of AI applications. At the same time, the importance of changes in employment structure was emphasized, such as optimizing human resource allocation, promoting industrial upgrading and transformation, enhancing the quality and skills of workers, promoting economic structural adjustment, and narrowing regional development gaps. Then, the opportunities brought by artificial intelligence were analyzed, such as the emergence of new professions related to data and algorithms and models, as well as the demand for digital skill enhancement and cross-domain skill integration. Then, the challenges brought by artificial intelligence were discussed, such as job substitution (repetitive and regular job positions) and employment polarization (the potential impact of the growth in demand for high skilled talent and the dilemma and polarization of low skilled workers). Finally, strategies to address the challenges were proposed, covering education and training reform (curriculum system adjustment, vocational training strengthening, and enhancing employment competitiveness) and policy guidance and protection (employment policy adjustment, social security improvement).

People-centric variables in the fourth industrial revolution: an application of SWARA methodology

PurposeThe accelerating business transformation through Industry 4.0 (I4.0) is expected to create significant value in the manufacturing industry by delivering considerably high productivity, superior quality, better efficiency and effectiveness. However, its evolutionary processes have far-reaching challenging for humanity. This has triggered a need to analyze the impact of I4.0 on various people-centric variables (PCVs).Design/methodology/approachThis paper attempts to analyze the interrelationship dynamics between the PCVs in the current digital-industry ecosystem using a focus-group approach and causal loop diagrams. Application of the SWARA (stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis) methodology has provided its prioritized ranking in terms of importance.FindingsThe study has highlighted that I4.0 has a significant influence on five of the 13 PCVs – human quality of life, digital dexterity, high-skilled talent, low-skilled employment and creativity which contribute to 80% of the total impact.Originality/valueThe prioritized weights of the human factors from the SWARA approach have facilitated the assessment of the Human Resource Development Index (HRDI). The study is also contributing in enriching the literature on the human impact of the growing I4.0 and triggered the researchers to study further its adverse impact on critical human factors.Key pointsThe paper pertains to debates on a very critical issue of impact of integration of the current intelligent digital technologies in manufacturing and services to transform businesses to be more flexible and agile.This paper features I4.0 as a technology that allows integration of new products in the existing production lines, one-off manufacturing runs and high mix manufacturing.The paper also highlights major adjustments in operational activities, processes, supply chain, and organizational redesign due to I4.0 adoption.The current research study has significantly enriched the literature on the I4.0 impact on people-centric variables (PCVs) using the SWARA method. The use of the Causal Loop Diagram has very aptly brought out the type of causality (polarity) between the different PCVs in the growth of I4.0.

Does technological innovation have an impact on employment in the hospitality industry?

PurposeThis study aims to empirically analyze the impact of technological innovation on the quantity and quality of employment in the hospitality industry.Design/methodology/approachUsing the data of 30 provinces in China from 2010 to 2020, this paper makes an empirical analysis through the fixed effect model.FindingsThe results show that process innovation has a significant positive impact on employment quantity, while product innovation has a significant negative impact on employment quantity. The creative effect of process innovation and the substitution effect of product innovation offset each other, so in the long run, the impact of technological innovation on employment quantity is not significant. However, technological innovation has significantly improved the employment quality of the hospitality industry.Practical implicationsBecause technological innovation has replaced part of the labor force, hospitality could guide the labor force in a positive direction. To promote innovation and retain talents, hotels should train employees’ digital thinking and attract high-skilled talents.Originality/valueThis research is unique in using process innovation and product innovation as the main measurement indicators of technological innovation, unlike previous studies that often relied on technological progress to conclude.

Research on the Effectiveness of Ideological and Political Education in Secondary Vocational Colleges in The New Era

In the vocational education of socialism with Chinese characteristics, it is necessary to cultivate high quality technical and skilled talents and implement the fundamental task of "cultivating virtues and cultivating people". Education as the foundation, moral first, ideological and political education into the implementation of vocational education, ideological and political education to achieve the full, full, all-round role of education. Secondary vocational education plays a fundamental role in vocational education and has great influence on the continuous education of vocational education. However, in vocational schools, the development of ideological and political education theory course has some problems, such as teachers, students, parents' understanding of vocational education deviation, students' bad behavior habits and lack of practical activities. It is necessary to create a good social and school atmosphere, change people's inappropriate understanding of vocational education, teachers of various subjects cooperate with each other, set teaching objectives based on professional characteristics, To set up or perfect the second class of ideological and political education to improve the effectiveness of ideological and political education in secondary vocational education.

Research on the Connotation, Characteristics, and Promotion Path of Teacher Leadership in Higher Vocational Colleges

In vocational education, teacher leadership is an important factor in promoting school development and improving teaching quality. Enhancing teacher leadership has practical significance for the connotative development of vocational colleges. It involves improving education and teaching quality, cultivating high-skilled talents, building excellent teaching teams, enhancing school governance systems, and other areas. The core elements include professional knowledge, teaching innovation, teamwork, and communication skills. The enhancement of teacher leadership can effectively enhance teachers’ enthusiasm to participate in educational and teaching reforms as well as promote the overall efficiency of vocational colleges. In order to enhance teacher leadership in vocational colleges, it is necessary to achieve a breakthrough in institutional barriers, combine personal and external factors, strengthen institutionalized teacher leadership construction through a top-down design, and strengthen evaluation and feedback mechanisms to establish a scientific leadership evaluation system and improve teacher leadership cognition.

Research on Innovative Training Mode of High-Skilled Talents in Equipment Manufacturing Industry Based on School-Enterprise Cooperation

School-enterprise cooperation is not only one of the prominent features of modern vocational education, but also helps to strengthen the cooperation between vocational colleges and enterprises, and the combination of teaching and production. It is an important way to realize the development of modern vocational education and build a high-skilled personnel training system. From the perspective of the significance of school-enterprise cooperation in the process of cultivating high-skilled talents, the key factors of the cultivation system of high-skilled talents based on school-enterprise cooperation, the mechanism of "government leadership, industry guidance, and enterprise participation" should be played to promote the deep integration of vocational education with industrial and regional economic development, improve the quality of the cultivation of skilled talents in high-end equipment manufacturing industry, and improve the innovation of the cultivation mode of high-end equipment talents.

RESEARCH ON THE INNOVATION MODE OF INDUSTRY-EDUCATION INTEGRATION：A CASE STUDY OF AN INDUSTRY-EDUCATION PARK IN NORTHWEST CHINA

The integration of industry and education has attracted wide attention from all walks of life since it was proposed. Under the background of the integration of industry and education, some higher vocational colleges aim at training graduates with high comprehensive quality and strong practical ability, serve the local economic development as the orientation, and continuously provide high-skilled talents for various industries. An economic and technological development zone in Northwest China combines industrial characteristics, takes industry-education integration science and technology innovation park as the carrier, vigorously develops industry-education integration, innovates operation mode, collaborates education, and creates a new ecology of industry-education integration.

Analysis of the Development Characteristics of New Employment Forms in China under the Background of Digital Economy

With the development of the digital economy (DE), a large number of new economies, new models and new business types characterized by "Internet+" have been born, and the scale of the employment field of the DE has been expanding. New forms of flexible employment, such as live video with goods, we media videos, online consultants and copywriters, have emerged. The DE and the new forms of business and employment, such as platform economy, part-time industry economy and sharing economy, are developing vigorously. Under the DE, the competition environment faced by enterprises is increasingly fierce, and the market demand presents the trend of personalized and diversified. In the society, the demand for high-skilled talents surges, and more high-skilled jobs are created, accompanied by better wages and more comfortable employment environment, thus improving the quality of employment for some people. Based on this, this paper studies the development characteristics of China's new employment forms under the background of DE.

Digital Transformation of Enterprises and Share of Laebor Income: evidence from China

Promoting the digital transformation of enterprises and increasing the proportion of labor remuneration in the initial distribution are necessary guarantees for constructing a modern economic system and realizing the essential requirements of socialism. Based on the data of A-share listed firms, the essay explores the impact of digital transformation on labor income share. It is shown that the digital transformation of enterprises significantly increases the share of labor income, which is still valid after dealing with endogenous problems and a series of robustness tests. The research also finds that the digital transformation of enterprises increases the proportion of high-skilled talents, and then increases the wage rate and labor productivity. Its positive effect on the wage rate exceeds the positive impact on labor productivity. Additionally, the essay points out that the impact on labor income share is more significant in non-state-owned firms, large-scale firms, firms located in the eastern and western regions, and firms belonging to high-tech industries. Finally, from the perspective of the specific content of the digital transformation of enterprises, the promotion effect of the application of digital technique on labour income share is the most evident. The findings help assess the impact of digital transformation on the share of labor income and provide policy implications for the two-way empowerment of the digital economy and common prosperity.

Effect of Industrial Robots on Employment in China: An Industry Level Analysis.

China has been the world's largest market for industrial robots since 2013. Industrial robots improve accuracy, safety, and efficiency in industrial production but have a substantial impact on the labor market. This investigation uses the task-based model to explore the relationship between industrial robots and employment across industries. This study uses industrial robot data from the International Federation of Robotics and employment data from the China Statistical Yearbook from 2010 to 2019 to examine robot applications' influencing mechanisms on labor demand in different industries in China. The results show a significant positive correlation between robots' exposure and labor demand for IT, health and social services, science research and technical services, and management of water conservancy and environmental industries. Based on the results, the use of robots promotes high-skilled talent employment and some third-sector employment, like education, food and beverages, utilities, household appliances, and transport. However, multiple regression analysis reveals that the use of robots has reduced employment in traditional industries such as agriculture and mining.

The evolution of urban innovation space and its spatial relationships with talents’ living demands: evidence from Hangzhou, China

ABSTRACT Urban innovation space functions not only as physical carriers for innovative activities but also as coordinating entities for balancing innovation production and talents’ living demands in the city. However, existing studies pay inadequate attention to the demand side of high-skilled talents who build urban innovation space. This paper, therefore, focuses on the evolution of urban innovation space and its spatial relationships with supporting factors (i.e. high-tech enterprises, intellectual carriers, public transportation, commercial facilities) satisfying talents’ living demands in Hangzhou, China. It is found that the urban innovation space in Hangzhou has evolved from a monocentric pattern towards a polycentric one, which is coined as ‘one main core, three sub-cores and six groups’. The spatial agglomerations of high-tech enterprises reflect the recent expansion trends of urban innovation space. The intellectual carriers have intensified a high-level spatial agglomeration of innovation in central and peripheral urban areas. Transportation conditions operate to enhance the agglomeration and selective dissemination of urban innovation space along key traffic corridors. Urban innovation space is primarily located within the service scope of business and commercial facilities. In short, the four supporting factors spatially match well with the urban innovation space in Hangzhou at present, which contributes to sustainable innovation and people-oriented urban development.

Does Fiscal Expenditure Promote the Upgrading of Regional Manufacturing Industry? Empirical Test Based on the Dual Perspective of Infrastructure and Basic Public Services

The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee set the tone that China’s manufacturing industry should upgrade to advanced, intelligent and high quality. In the traditional theory of industrial structure upgrading, fiscal expenditure is not the main influencing factor. In the new pattern of “dual circulation” development of Chinese economy, the important role of government in economic development should not be ignored in the study of the high-end upgrading of manufacturing industry. Using the panel data of 28 provinces in China from 2008 to 2016, this paper deeply studies the economic effect of the most important expenditure on basic public services and infrastructure on the upgrading of manufacturing industry, as well as the regional heterogeneity and the nonlinear characteristics of the technological progress stage. It is found that the economic effect of general budget expenditure and basic public service expenditure on the high-end upgrading of manufacturing structure shows the characteristics of strong heterogeneity and marginal decline, which mainly comes from the promotion effect of the two types of fiscal expenditure in the eastern region and the hindrance effect in the central and western regions. Especially in the five western provinces where industrialization is slow and heavily dependent on transfer payments, infrastructure expenditure and basic public service expenditure show negative economic effects around 2010, but this does not completely mean the failure of the policy effect of local governments. Poverty reduction and poverty alleviation in such underdeveloped areas often rely more on the development of labor-intensive manufacturing industry. With the improvement of the level of innovative technological progress, the role of basic public service expenditure in promoting the upgrading of manufacturing industry will be gradually strengthened. This paper holds that under the new pattern, the eastern provinces should increase investment in information infrastructure, promote the reform of affordable housing, and release the restrictions on both the household registration of high-skilled talents and the school district of children’s basic education. The central provinces should give further play to the role of the market in allocating resources, and focus on improving the quality of public services such as education and medical treatment to the eastern region, so as to better undertake the transfer of high-skilled talents and manufacturing industry in the eastern region. For special provinces with slow industrialization and mainly relying on central transfer payments, we can appropriately increase the proportion of special transfer payments, strengthen the guidance of subsidies and financial policies on social capital, and stimulate the vitality of market players. Under the background of “tax cut and fee reduction”, this paper provides empirical evidence for the improvement of government fiscal expenditure efficiency, the regional policy design of the upgrading of manufacturing industry, and the optimization of fiscal expenditure structure.

Talent as a Spearhead of Construction 4.0 Transformation: Analysis of Their Challenges

Global industries are investing in technology to accelerate digital transformation. Construction is also most likely to be digitalised based on current technology trends. However, technology adoption is not the only ingredient to successfully transform the construction industry towards the fourth industrial revolution (4IR). This transformation requires additional changes for the employees. It is expected to significantly impact the talent landscape, ranging from job categories to skill sets. While this transformation holds excellent benefits, it also poses many challenges. This paper discusses the challenges that individuals, construction companies and governments face from a talent perspective. The data is obtained from literature review results and content analysis through focus group discussion. A focus group discussion was conducted among experts with high knowledge in both the construction industry and 4IR. Information obtained from the discussion was used to identify and categorise the determining challenges. The study revealed nine (9) major talent challenges that the construction industry is currently facing, such as inadequate high skilled talent, lack of education and training to widen talent readiness, talent job security, lack of awareness or clarity of 4IR, dependency on outside talent, employer’s readiness, negative attitude of future talent towards changes, the potential of emigration of highly trained or qualified talent, and strong resistance towards new changes and technologies. 4IR can be implemented effectively in the Malaysian construction industry if key challenges that hold the talent are overcome. In conclusion, an active role from quadruple helix collaboration positively assist the transformation.

Teaching System of Embedded Mechanical Manufacturing Specialty Based on Deep Learning

With the increasing development of electronic computers and the popularization of computer technology, management systems have been widely used in the society. With the continuous improvement of the teaching system, the methods of education and teaching are also quietly changing, especially in the field of higher vocational education. Due to the characteristics of vocational education, it makes “training project progress control” and “teaching resource integration” the teaching requirements of “distribution,” “strictly restricting daily work habits,” “improving professional quality,” and “teachers’ effective control of the quality of students’ personal projects” that have become increasingly urgent needs in vocational colleges. There is a certain gap between the standards and quality of talent training in our country’s applied undergraduate colleges, and the society’s requirements for high-skilled talents and practical teaching in applied undergraduate colleges are a necessary condition for cultivating high-skilled talent. This subject research takes the mechanical manufacturing professional practice teaching system as the research object, conducts in-depth investigation and research in applied undergraduate colleges, explores the status quo of the mechanical manufacturing professional practice teaching system of applied undergraduate colleges, and analyzes the reasons for the problems. In this study, six classes of mechanical manufacturing majors in six applied undergraduate colleges were selected as the experimental group and the control group for comparison. The experimental group adopts an embedded mechanical manufacturing professional teaching system based on deep learning. In daily teaching, the control group used traditional teaching methods to learn. The questionnaire understands the role of the embedded machinery manufacturing professional teaching system in teaching from four aspects: practical teaching curriculum, practical teaching content, practical teaching equipment, and practical teaching teachers. Experiments have proved that more than half of the people think that the teaching effect of the current mechanical manufacturing professional practice teaching courses is average; only 17.18% think that the classroom is good, and 24.36% think that the classroom is poor. This shows that the construction of similar engineering professional practice is in line with the major itself, and the teaching system has theoretical guiding significance, which is conducive to the seamless connection of mechanical manufacturing majors and industrial positions in applied undergraduate colleges; it is conducive to continuously improving the core competitiveness of mechanical manufacturing majors in industrial and applied undergraduate colleges.

Analysis on the Construction of Enterprise Practice Base for Vocational Education Teachers – Taking Industrial Park as an Example

Higher vocational education is the main place for cultivating high skilled talents. Only teachers with rich skills can cultivate excellent skilled talents. In order to promote the reform of vocational education, the focus should be on building a team of high-quality professional teachers. In the Opinions on Comprehensively Improving the Teaching Quality of Higher Vocational Education that was issued by the Ministry of Education, it has been proposed that professional teachers should be encouraged to practice in enterprises, accumulate practical work experience, and improve practical teaching ability. The purpose of the vocational education community is to establish an enterprise practice base to meet the needs of the modern industry as well as effectively cultivate technical and skilled talents in line with enterprises. The industrial park industry is used as an example in this article to explore the operation mode of enterprise practice base in adapting to the development of the modern industry as well as to better serve the development of vocational teachers and the improvement of students’ professional ability.

Construction of a Hierarchical Neural Network Power Source Model for Human Capital Technology Innovation and Benefit Distribution with Big Data Analysis

In this paper, a hierarchical neural network power source model is used to conduct an in-depth analysis and research on human capital technology innovation and revenue distribution. A hierarchical neural network analysis method was chosen to evaluate the human capital value of professional degree master students, and the applicability of the index system was confirmed through errors; moreover, the significance of the output results was analyzed according to the weight assignments of the input, implicit, and output layers. The analysis found that there was a large disagreement in the assessment of their human capital value, which led to the lack of practical utility of human capital. Knowledge-skilled talents have a wealth of theoretical knowledge and can use theories to guide related work. Compared with technically skilled high-skilled talents, their educational level is higher, and they can summarize past intuitive experience into theoretical guidance. Therefore, the hierarchical neural network method we constructed is theoretically effective in assessing the value of the human capital of professional master’s students and the role of the main constituents. Based on the assessment results, we can provide policy-informed suggestions for improving the quality of school education. To quickly verify whether the model can converge during the training process, a simple dataset with only two sequences and the elements in the sequences being real numbers rather than vectors are constructed to speed up the computation; meanwhile, the length of the sequences in this dataset is adjustable to initially verify the model’s ability to alleviate the long-time dependence problem.

Discussion on the Promotion of High Skilled Personnel Training Base Construction to Professional Development

With the rapid development of China’ s comprehensive national strength, various schools have launched the promotion education of students’ professional development, and require teachers to use the corresponding training base to give students professional teaching, so as to ensure that the school can cultivate high skilled talents. In order to cope with the development of the times, higher vocational education came into being, and gradually attracted people’ s attention. Students in higher vocational schools can learn more skills, for their own learning direction will also have a certain grasp. To carry out the construction of high skilled talents training base can enable students to carry out targeted professional learning practice, deeply learn their professional knowledge and technology, and master professional knowledge more quickly. This paper will explore the role of high skilled personnel training base in professional development and promotion.

Physical Training Information System of College Sports Based on Big Data Mobile Terminal

The development of information technology is changing all walks of life. People’s health problem is more and more prominent; people begin to talk about the reform of college sports training. Sports no longer rely on individual games, but on the comprehensive strength of science and technology competition. The fierce competition for Olympic gold medal in modern competitive sports is largely due to the competition of scientific and technological strength of various countries. China has also conducted a lot of research on sports information and made some achievements. Through the investigation, we know that, at present, the provincial level sports teams have established the relevant sports training information management system, which is very effective. The latest scientific and technological achievements are combined with sports to establish the university sports information system. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the university sports physical training information system based on big data mobile terminal, study the big data embedded system, improve the effect of sports skills training, and meet the social demand for high skilled sports talents. This paper uses the literature method, experimental investigation method, and big data spectral clustering algorithm-related experiments to study the advantages of big data and uses the value of big data and embedded system model to study the university sports physical fitness training information system based on big data mobile terminal. The results show that 40.6% of college students spend more time in physical exercise, based on the application of big data embedded system in college sports training; it is of great significance to arrange sports training methods to improve students’ sports training performance.