High Level Of Correlation Research Articles

INFLUENCE OF BREEDING BULLS ON THE SIGNS OF THE EXTERIOR OF PRIMARY COWS OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY BREED IN SC RF "SHEVCHENKIVSKE"

A number of recommendations on the method of linear classification of dairy and dairy-meat cows by body structure type have been proposed in Ukraine and other countries. A certain experience of their implementation in practical selection was obtained. In recent years, the interest in the study of the exterior-constitutional features of dairy cattle has increased significantly, as it has become obvious that in countries where the improvement of livestock productivity was carried out simultaneously with the intensification of selection for exterior-constitutional qualities, positive results were achieved.Objective of the research: to study the influence of bogai breeders of different genealogical lines on the signs of the posteriority of the cows – the first Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed.
 The research was conducted according to the materials of the primary breeding stock in the breeding plant of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed DP "Shevchenkivske" of the Kyiv region. The materials of the electronic information database in the format of SUMS ORSEC were used. We evaluated the level of the first cows of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed at 2–5 months of lactation according to the method of linear classification.
 The differences in absolute values of certain dimensions of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy cows of different breeds have been established.
 Relation of signs of the stud to the duration and efficiency of long-term use of cows has been investigated by many scientists. The results of our research testify to the presence of a significantly complementary and statistically significant correlation between both individual and group characteristics, the overall complex linear evaluation of dairy cows by the type of body structure and the duration of economic use and long-term productivity.
 Among the described features the sufficient correlation level was found for the breast width (r = 0.264 ... 0.11 with P < 0.05), trunk width (r = 0.310 ... 0.10 with P < 0.01) and compactness (r = 0.394 ... 0.10 with P < 0.001). Also high level of correlation we have for the group signs of the mammary type (0.413 ... 0.11 for P < 0.001), tulub (0.371 ... 0.12 for P < 0.01) and nominal (0.370 ... 0.11 for P < 0.001) for the general estimation of the type of corps (0.413 ... 0.11 for P < 0.001).
 It is recommended to conduct selection of first-calf cows with the highest indicators by measurements and linear evaluation by type for maternity herds repair, which will provide more functional reliability and prolong the duration of economic exploitation of the cows.

Pyrenophora teres: Population structure, virulence and aggressiveness in Southern Russia

The barley net blotch agent Pyrenophora teres (Died) Drechs. is one of the dominant fungal pathogens in agricultural crops worldwide. Here we aim to study the aggressiveness and virulence of P. teres populations collected at different ontogenesis stages (BBCH 30 and BBCH 47) from winter barley cultivars of various resistance types: moderately resistant, moderately susceptible and highly susceptible. We observed a direct proportional relationship between cultivar resistance and the aggressiveness of P. teres populations collected in both growth phases of the host plant. The isolates collected at an early stage of host plant development have a large difference in aggressiveness criteria: colony growth rate, sporulation intensity, latency period, plant damage degree, and the number of identified races. At the BBCH 30 growth stage, the growth rate of fungus colonies selected from a resistant cultivar is 1.2 times higher than that of a susceptible cultivar. The growth rate of colonies selected from resistant and susceptible cultivars in the earlier BBCH 30 stage is 1.04 times higher than the growth rate of colonies selected from the later phase. The sporulation intensity of fungal populations selected from a resistant cultivar is higher than that of populations selected from a susceptible cultivar (for BBCH 30–5.4 times, for BBCH 47–4.0 times); and it is 1.3 times higher in an earlier phase of plant development. Correlation between colony growth rate and spore formation rate in the BBCH 30 is r = 0.4. A high correlation level (r = 0.9) and notable difference between the variants were revealed when studying the duration of the latent period. The average value of plant damage by the P. teres from resistant cultivar is 4 times higher than from the susceptible cultivar in the BBCH 30 stage; and 12 times – in the BBCH 47 stage. There is a moderate negative correlation between the plant damage degree and the number of races identified from the fungal population, r = −0.59 for the BBCH 30, r = −0.8 for the BBCH 47. The number of races identified from P. teres populations collected in the late phase of plant growth was one third less. Our study helped to acquire new knowledge about intrapopulation processes under the influence of various factors – plant growth stage and cultivar genotype. The results obtained are the basis for the development of adaptive-integrated techniques for managing populations of the hemibiotrophic pathogen, barley net blotch.

The trust levels of Omani public school principals and their distributive leadership as perceived by their teachers

Evaluating the relationship between the different components of distributive leadership help researchers and practitioners understand strength of relationships and potentially insight into how they are related with trust levels. The research aims at studying the trust levels of public-school principals in Oman and their distributive leadership as perceived by their teachers in Sultanate of Oman. The study adopts a quantitative research methodology were data was collected using the teacher trust in administration survey with 10 items, and the IB world school distributed leadership survey. A total of 201 teachers participated in the study. The study results indicated that the level of trust level was in moderate level that reported by teachers. All of the dimensions of distributed leadership were in moderate level. The correlation test showed that there was significant positive correlation trust level and all dimensions of distributed leadership. High level of correlation was between “school organization” and trust level (r=.891). Future research may also be explored, focusing on building trust between school leaders and teachers.

PROBABILITY JUDGMENT AND EFFECTS OF THE SET

This article examines functional peculiarities of probability judgments from the perspective of set psychology. We studied the impact perceptual standards on quantitative and probability evalua- tions (the level of human perceptual activity). Yielded following results: the introduction objective  standards values (number of countries population and correct examples of mortality reasons) had a  bigger impact on qualitative evaluations, then on probabilistic estimations. In these forms estimations  of the degree of confidence and the knowledge revealed to the objects under evaluation showed high  level of correlation. Relationship between those factors to be higher in the case of quantitative evalu- ations. Moreover, we investigated the influence prospective (orientation on the result of future event)  and situational (orientation on result current event) sets on functioning probability judgments (the  level of human purposive activity). Obtained data showed: prospective set, compared with situational  set, made significant impact on the correction of erroneous probabilistic judgments. At the same time,  it revealed, in the process of prospective sets functioning, stimulating impact of feedback (mark of the  fulfilled task) on probabilistic judgment. It indicates the importance of cognitive fixation by subject of  instrumental dependence between primary and secondary expected results.

Stochastic aggregated dynamic model of wind generation with correlated wind speeds

The paper describes a method to study the transient behaviour of power systems with correlated wind speeds. With this aim, a generalised method to extract correlation from real-world measurement data is proposed. This method allows accommodating data with any sampling rate and any probability distribution. The case study discusses the impact of correlated wind speeds on power system dynamics by utilising the well-known two-area system modified to include a distribution network with wind power generation. The correlation of wind speeds is set up using real-world data. Simulation results show that a high level of correlation among the wind speeds worsens the dynamic performance of the system.

A prediction model for skeletal muscle evaluation and computed tomography-defined sarcopenia diagnosis in a predominantly overweight cohort of patients with head and neck cancer

PurposeThis study investigates the feasibility of computed tomography (CT)-defined sarcopenia assessment using a prediction model for estimating the cross-sectional area (CSA) of skeletal muscle (SM) in CT scans at the third lumbar vertebra (L3), using measures at the third cervical level (C3) in a predominantly overweight population with head and neck cancer (HNC).MethodsAnalysis was conducted on adult patients with newly diagnosed HNC who had a diagnostic positron emission tomography–CT scan. CSA of SM in CT images was measured at L3 and C3 in each patient, and a predictive formula developed using fivefold cross-validation and linear regression modelling. Correlation and agreement between measured CSA at L3 and predicted values were evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland–Altman plot. The model’s ability to identify sarcopenia was investigated using Cohen’s Kappa (k).ResultsA total of 109 patient scans were analysed, with 64% of the cohort being overweight or obese. The prediction model demonstrated high level of correlation between measured and predicted CSA measures (ICC 0.954, r = 0.916, p < 0.001), and skeletal muscle index (SMI) (ICC 0.939, r = 0.883, p < 0.001). Bland–Altman plot showed good agreement in SMI, with mean difference (bias) = 0.22% (SD 8.65, 95% CI − 3.35 to 3.79%), limits of agreement (− 16.74 to 17.17%). The model had a sensitivity of 80.0% and specificity of 85.0%, with moderate agreement on sarcopenia diagnosis (k = 0.565, p = 0.004).ConclusionThis model is effective in predicting lumbar SM CSA using measures at C3, and in identifying low SM in a predominately overweight group of patients with HNC.

Prediction Model of the Coring Asphalt Pavement Performance through Response Surface Methodology

Pavement evaluations provide crucial information regarding the performance and service life of asphalt concrete (HMA). They examine the structure of an existing pavement before deciding on different maintenance alternatives. The Klang Valley, as part of one of the developing areas in the state of Selangor, generates a high volume of traffic every day due to the increasing number of vehicles crossing the area. Every day, the impact of axle loads caused by vehicles has a negative impact on flexible pavement, resulting in road deterioration due to extreme distress. Pothole failures are one of the most common causes of distress. Five research areas in the Klang Valley area that have deteriorated owing to pothole failures were chosen as case studies. The objective of the study is to investigate the existing flexible pavement conditions by means of laboratory testing consisting of physical, volumetric, and performance tests using collected core samples. As a result, the data collected was compared to the Malaysian Public Work Department’s (PWD) standard. Data from laboratory tests was analyzed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to determine correlations with parameters influencing distress. Historical data design was carried out between test components and responses, which consisted of laboratory parameters. Axial strain, tensile strength ratio, and stability were the responses measured in the RSM. The created models between the independent variables and responses revealed a high level of correlation. The binder content, degree of compaction, and stiffness were the most significant operating parameters from the 3D plots. Optimized performance due to asphaltic pavement failure was observed at binder content (5.1%), degree of compaction (97%), and stiffness (3.1 kN/mm) to achieve ultimate axial strain (5000 microstrains), tensile strength ratio (80%), and stability (9.2 kN). The study showed that the response surface methodology (RSM) is an effective statistical method for providing an appropriate empirical model for relating parameters and predicting the best performance of an asphaltic mixture to reduce flexible pavement failure.

Determination of antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria by flow cytometric method

In this study, it was aimed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial strains by using flow cytometry method by comparing them with current standardized methods.Eleven clinical isolates and 6 standard bacterial strains were included in the study. MIC values were determined by broth microdilution method (BMD), VITEK 2® automated system and flow cytometric method (FCM). FCM was performed with the Accuri C6 flow cytometer.For all strains except P. aeuruginosa ATCC 27853 [BMD-FCM:r = 0.557(p = 0.048); VITEK 2-FCM:r = 0.529(p = 0.063)], E. faecalis ATCC 29212 [BMD-FCM:r = 0.393(p = 0.295); BMD-VITEK 2:r = 0.393(p = 0.295)], and vancomycin-resistant E. faecium clinical isolate [BMD-FCM:r = 0.452(p = 0.063)] r values were in the range of 0.802-0.969 for BMD-FCM (p < 0.001), 0.655-0.941 for BMD-VITEK 2 (p < 0.005) and 0.667-0.953 for FCM-VITEK 2 (p < 0.005).Correlation values of antibiotic susceptibility test results between three methods for Gram-negative bacteria were found as follows; r = 0.927(p < 0.001) for BMD-FCM, r = 0.851(p < 0.001) for BMD-VITEK 2, r = 0.807(p < 0.001) for VITEK 2-FCM. Correlation values were found as follows for Gram positive bacteria; r = 0.848(p < 0.001) for BMD-FCM, r = 0.877(p < 0.001) for BMD-VITEK 2, r = 0.800(p < 0.001) for VITEK 2-FCM. When all bacteria included in the study were evaluated as a total; it was r = 0.911(p < 0.001) for BMD-FCM, r = 0.888(p < 0.001) for BMD-VITEK 2, r = 0.835(p < 0.001) for VITEK 2-FCM. The methicillin resistance of the clinical methicillin resistant S. aureus isolate could not be detected by FCM.It was determined that there was a high level of correlation between methods. FCM shortens the duration of antibiotic susceptibility tests by 12-14h and gives results within the same day. However, it has not been standardized to be widely used in microbiology laboratories and experienced personnel are needed for its implementation.

ҚАЗАҚ БАТЫРЛАР ЖЫРЛАРЫНДАҒЫ ДӘСТҮРЛІ ЖАҚ (ЖАЙ) ҚАРУЫ

The article introduces information about heroic epics of the Kazakhs, containing facts about a ranged weapon – a bow of the nomads of the Great Steppe of the Middle Ages and New Age. Before this information was not an aim of special scientific research and was not translated into other languages. Based on a comprehensive analysis of folklore, artefacts and written sources, there was an attempt to find out the original names of the bows of the Turkic warriors of the Middle Ages and New Age as well as their construction features. The basic terms used in the heroic epics of the Kazakhs were identified and attributed to denote a ranged weapon of the nomads of the abovementioned period on the basis of the research of collected, systematized and analyzed facts. In addition, in particular, it was found out that in the Middle Ages and New Age, a ranged weapon of nomadic warriors of Kazakhstan and adjacent lands was differently named: jaq, jai, saadaq, sarja, buharja, adyrna. Here, we see, a name of a ranged weapon – a bow (jaq, jai) of the Turkic warriors known in the ancient times and early Middle Ages, changed and a few various names became applicable, largely as a result of metonymic transition, that is, a name of a separate part of the structure of the bow was applied to the whole item, which then entered the military vocabulary of the Kazakhs. Thus, for instance, the name limb – adyrna and baіenek made of bone, horns, and wood, featuring the basic functional structure of the bow, was applied to the common name of a traditional bow of the nomads. And known as a bow case of a bow – saadaq entered later military vocabulary of the Kazakhs to denote the bow. When comparing the description of a ranged weapon in the heroic epics of the Kazakhs with its genuine samples from archaeological monuments and traits of written sources, a high level of correlation between folklore and artefacts is noticeable.

PENGARUH GAJI, BONUS DAN FASILITAS TERHADAP MOTIVASI KERJA KARYAWAN (Studi Pada PT. BRI Unit I Sumbawa Besar)

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of salary (X1), bonus (X2), and facilities (X3) on employee work motivation (Y) at Bank Rakyat Indonesia Tbk Unit Kota 1 Sumbawa Besar, either partially or simultaneously. This type of research is associative research. The data used is primary data in the form of respondents' answers obtained through questionnaires. The population in this study were all employees of PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI) Unit 1 Sumbawa Besar, totaling 20 people. The number of employees can be known with certainty and the number is not large, so the determination of the number of samples is carried out using a saturated sample. The data analysis technique used multiple linear regression analysis, t and F statistical tests, and the coefficient of determination (R2) test. The test was carried out using the SPSS version 16.0 application for windows. The research findings show that bonuses and facilities partially have a positive and significant effect on employee work motivation, while salaries partially have no effect on employee work motivation at Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI) Unit 1 Sumbawa Besar. Simultaneously, salaries, bonuses and facilities have a significant effect on employee motivation at Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI) Unit 1 Sumbawa Besar. The ability of the salary, bonus and facilities variables in influencing variations in employee motivation changes at Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI) Unit 1 Sumbawa Besar is 71.7% or is at a high level of correlation (relationship) so that the relationship is significant (meaningful), while the rest is 28.3% influenced by other variables outside the study.

The Correlation Study between Students’ Vocabulary Mastery and Descriptive Reading Comprehension

The purpose of this study was to find out if there was a positive correlation between students' vocabulary skills and descriptive reading. These was a correlational research methodology by using test of students’ vocabulary knowledge and assess descriptive reading skills. The study used SPSS to assess the relation between students' vocabulary knowledge and descriptive reading skills. The significant value was 0.000 ≤ 0.005, indicating that there was a relation among vocabulary competency and descriptive reading ability among the students. According to the data, 0.700 is the value of the correlation coefficient. So, based on ranges of correlation from 0.60 up to 0.799, it is clear that there was a strong degree of relevance relationship which means that the correlation was indicating a high level of correlation.

Secukinumab improves the quality‐of‐life of family members and partners of people with psoriasis: Family Dermatology Life Quality Index (FDLQI) results from a randomised open‐label study (SIGNATURE)

AbstractBackgroundThe Family Dermatology Life Quality Index (FDLQI) was developed to meet a need for a dermatology‐specific family member/partner quality‐of‐life (QoL) measure. This paper focuses on the analysis and interpretation of FDLQI data (used as an exploratory outcome) collected in the SIGNATURE study.ObjectivesTo measure the impact of secukinumab therapy for moderate to severe plaque psoriasis on the QoL of family members/partners of patients.MethodsRandomised, open‐label, non‐comparator study in 53 dermatology centres in the UK and Republic of Ireland. Patients received secukinumab 300 or 150 mg subcutaneously weekly for 4 weeks, then 4‐weekly.FDLQI ResultsFamily members of PASI 75 responders and non‐responders showed improved FDLQI compared to baseline, greater for responders. There was a high level of correlation between FDLQI and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) scores and positive correlations across all mapped FDLQI and DLQI questions, and a close association between the scales at all timepoints. The estimated FDLQI scores were consistently 56% of those obtained for DLQI. There was an improvement for all FDLQI questions at Week 16 with a mean total score change of 8.2. Most family member subjects had an improved score for all FDLQI questions (75%–91%, Week 12, and 77%–91%, Week 16). Family subjects with a corresponding patient visit DLQI score &gt;10 improved for all FDLQI questions at Week 16 (mean total score change of 5.2).ConclusionsSuccessful therapy for severe psoriasis greatly improved QoL of family members/partners. The FDLQI questionnaire responds well and appropriately to major changes in the disease severity of those affected by plaque psoriasis.

Spatial Pattern of Technological Innovation in the Yangtze River Delta Region and Its Impact on Water Pollution.

The impact of technological innovation on water pollution is an important parameter to determine and monitor while promoting and furthering a region’s economic development. Here, exploratory spatial data analysis was used to analyze: the spatial patterns of technological innovation and water pollution in the Yangtze River, the changes in technical innovation and the resulting changes in water pollution, and the impact of technological innovation on water pollution. The following major inferences were drawn from the obtained results: (1) The spatial pattern of innovation input has a single-center structure that tends to spread. The patent innovation output has evolved, from a single spatial pattern with Shanghai as the core to a diffusion structure with three cores-Hangzhou, Shanghai, and Nanjing. (2) The aggregation mode of water pollution has evolved from the original “Z” mode to a new mode of core agglomeration, and water pollution is constantly being reduced. (3) The trends of change in patent innovation output and innovation input are roughly the same, while the trends of both and that of water pollution are contrary to each other. (4) The correlations between innovation input, patented innovation output, and water pollution are relatively low. From the perspective of spatial distribution, the number of cities with medium and high levels of gray correlation with water pollution is the same.

Integrated view and comparative analysis of baseline protein expression in mouse and rat tissues.

The increasingly large amount of proteomics data in the public domain enables, among other applications, the combined analyses of datasets to create comparative protein expression maps covering different organisms and different biological conditions. Here we have reanalysed public proteomics datasets from mouse and rat tissues (14 and 9 datasets, respectively), to assess baseline protein abundance. Overall, the aggregated dataset contained 23 individual datasets, including a total of 211 samples coming from 34 different tissues across 14 organs, comprising 9 mouse and 3 rat strains, respectively. In all cases, we studied the distribution of canonical proteins between the different organs. The number of canonical proteins per dataset ranged from 273 (tendon) and 9,715 (liver) in mouse, and from 101 (tendon) and 6,130 (kidney) in rat. Then, we studied how protein abundances compared across different datasets and organs for both species. As a key point we carried out a comparative analysis of protein expression between mouse, rat and human tissues. We observed a high level of correlation of protein expression among orthologs between all three species in brain, kidney, heart and liver samples, whereas the correlation of protein expression was generally slightly lower between organs within the same species. Protein expression results have been integrated into the resource Expression Atlas for widespread dissemination.

Applying convolutional neural networks to speed up environmental DNA annotation in a highly diverse ecosystem

High-throughput DNA sequencing is becoming an increasingly important tool to monitor and better understand biodiversity responses to environmental changes in a standardized and reproducible way. Environmental DNA (eDNA) from organisms can be captured in ecosystem samples and sequenced using metabarcoding, but processing large volumes of eDNA data and annotating sequences to recognized taxa remains computationally expensive. Speed and accuracy are two major bottlenecks in this critical step. Here, we evaluated the ability of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to process short eDNA sequences and associate them with taxonomic labels. Using a unique eDNA data set collected in highly diverse Tropical South America, we compared the speed and accuracy of CNNs with that of a well-known bioinformatic pipeline (OBITools) in processing a small region (60 bp) of the 12S ribosomal DNA targeting freshwater fishes. We found that the taxonomic labels from the CNNs were comparable to those from OBITools, with high correlation levels for the composition of the regional fish fauna. The CNNs enabled the processing of raw fastq files at a rate of approximately 1 million sequences per minute, which was about 150 times faster than with OBITools. Given the good performance of CNNs in the highly diverse ecosystem considered here, the development of more elaborate CNNs promises fast deployment for future biodiversity inventories using eDNA.

Rooting green cuttings of Altai seabuckthorn cultivars in industrial-scale experiment

Green cutting propagation technologies of seabuckthorn ( Hippophae rhamnoides L.) are well developed and highly effective under optimal parameters of implementation. Differences in root development in most cases are connected with varietal specificity. In conditions of uncovered greenhouses, weather particularities can influence significantly on development of cuttings. Hence, the aim of investigation was to study the cultivar difference in root development of seabuckthorn green cuttings in a long-term industrial-scale experiment in conditions of uncovered greenhouse facilities. The experiments were carried out in forest-steppe area of Altai krai in 2018-2021. Seventeen seabuckthorn cultivars developed by Federal Altai Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnologies were taken as research objects. Significant varietal specificity of rooting ability of green cuttings has been established. The experiments showed that season particularities just slightly affect this parameter, indicating significant homeostasis of seabuckthorn cultivars in this regard. Altaiskaya, Ognivo, Gnom, Ethna, Elizaveta and Athena varieties showed the highest level of rhizogenesis with everage rooting percentage from 91.2 to 95.5 %. Group of low rooted cultivars included Azhurnaya, Aurelia, Zlata, Sudarushka and Avgustina with rooting percentage from 70.5 to 79.7 %. Other cultivars showed intermediate figures. High correlation level (0.590.21) was shown between total root quality and rhizogenesis ability. Cultivars which demonstrated high rooting percentage also formed high level of first grade seedlings. In this regard, the best cultivars were Altaiskaya, Gnom and Ognivo, which formed 79.1, 82.1 and 83.8 % of first-grade seedlings, respectively. Low rooting ability was observed in cultivars Avgustina, Sudarushka and Zlata, which provided only 55.464.4 % of first-grade planting material. The variation coefficient of seabuckthorn standard seedlings was low and did not exceed 9.7 % for Avgustina cultivar. The variation of seedlings quality was at a higher level - u p to 27.3 % for cv. Sudarushka, however, for the rest of the cultivars it was low or medium and ranged from 2.7 to 18.7 %. According to the results of cluster analysis, the seabuckthorn cultivars were divided into three separate groups - slow-, medium- and fast-to-root genotypes.

Comprehensive assessment of Krascheninnikoviaceratoides L. development and its productive potential in reclaimed pastures of arid zone

Improper use of pasture lands has become one of the factors resulted in destruction of natural vegetation. In order to stop desertification, forest reclamation works were carried out in the Caspian region in the mid-20th century, and significant areas of Krascheninnikovia ceratoides (L.) plantings were created. The Pamirian winterfat is a wide distributed plant. It has a well-developed root system, providing sufficient water in climatic conditions of the arid zone. The article provides a systematic assessment of the long-term impact of afforestation and the development of a subshrub layer in various humidity conditions over the growing season during the functioning of pasture ecosystems in reclaimed Molodezhny-teresken territory. The main taxation indicators used to assess the development of Krascheninnikovia ceratoides were determined: height, crown diameter, plant standing density. The research was based on field taxational and morphological measurements of the subshrub and calculations of the complex indicator D. The study revealed that the generalized analysis of the biometric parameters of Pamirian winterfat according to criterion D was an objective tool for assessing its development in the prevailing climatic factors of a certain year. A direct correlation was established between the amount of precipitation in autumn period of research years and the values of the integral indicator D (r = 0.97) with its higher value in 2012 (D = 0.905). There is a high level of direct correlation between the values of the integral indicator D and the yield of feed mass (r = 0.90). Krascheninnikovia ceratoides reclamation and forage plantations have stability, durability, high price-forming potential and are the best way to improve and restore pastures in arid and semi-arid zones.

Abstract 3072: Functional assays of drug sensitivity in real-time from patient material for precision oncology in bladder cancer

Abstract Introduction: Bladder cancer (BC) is the most frequent urinary system cancer in the US. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy before cystectomy for muscle-invasive BC is standard management, though the absolute survival benefit is small, with many patients progressing during chemotherapy. Identifying therapies with a high probability of specific activity against each patient’s tumor remains a critical need. Methods: Following informed consent, from patients undergoing a transurethral resection of bladder tumor or cystectomy, 1+ gram of tumor was procured and divided between DNA/RNA sequencing, organoid drug-screening, and single-cell sequencing of cells surviving chemotherapy. Tissue was dissociated, filtered, and resuspended in organoid media for minimal passaging and drug screening. Drugs were tested at the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) in human trials, so to provide physiologic relevance. When material was sufficient, cells were additionally tested using dose response. Cmax screening results were normalized to control such that a value of “100” indicated no difference in organoid viability compared to control, and a value of 0 indicated complete response. The number of drugs screened was dependent upon tissue available, with up to 34 drugs screened at Cmax and 9 drugs screened in dose response format. Results: Thus far, &amp;gt;100 patient-derived organoids have undergone collection and development with ~ 2/3 samples collected resulting in organoid development and drug screening. RNA sequencing and GSEA enriched pathways across organoids was compared to other published datasets, noting high levels of correlation between our organoid models and in particular, the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia urethral lines. Moreover, analysis of subtype and mutation/copy number data further indicate that our organoid dataset is representative of the full spectrum of disease. RNA sequencing and subtyping of cultured organoids compared to patient tissue indicate that organoid models are representative of patient tissue and do not undergo subtype shifts in our short-term 3D cultures. Our drug screening results highlight the large spectrum of response to chemotherapies that in fact, clinically benefit only a small proportion of patients in the neoadjuvant setting. Crucially, we identify promising targeted therapies to consider for patients who progress following resection and adjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusions: Rapid organoid development, characterization, and drug screening allows for the prediction of therapeutic response in ~10 days following sample collection. Use of this technique on tissue provided during disease work-up may further guide selection of effective therapeutic agents in patients with bladder cancer. This would overall minimize the morbidity of standard of care therapies and could be used to identify alternative therapeutics for patients who progress on standard therapies. Citation Format: Nathan M. Merrill, Liwei Bao, Xu Cheng, Nathalie Vandecan, Zhaoping Qin, Albert Liu, Athena Apfel, Laura Goo, Lila Tudrick, Armand Bankhead III, Phil Palmbos, Samuel Kaffenberger, Khaled Hafez, Jeffrey Montgomery, Todd Morgan, Ajjai Alva, Aaron Udager, Matthew Soellner, Sofia Merajver. Functional assays of drug sensitivity in real-time from patient material for precision oncology in bladder cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3072.

CT angiography-based radiomics as a tool for carotid plaque characterization: a pilot study.

Radiomics is a quantitative method able to analyze a high-throughput extraction of minable imaging features. Herein, we aim to develop a CT angiography-based radiomics analysis and machine learning model for carotid plaques to discriminate vulnerable from no vulnerable plaques. Thirty consecutive patients with carotid atherosclerosis were enrolled in this pilot study. At surgery, a binary classification of plaques was adopted ("hard" vs "soft"). Feature extraction was performed using the R software package Moddicom. Pairwise feature interdependencies were evaluated using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient. A univariate analysis was performed to assess the association between each feature and the plaque classification and chose top-ranked features. The feature predictive value was investigated using binary logistic regression. A stepwise backward elimination procedure was performed to minimize the Akaike information criterion (AIC). The final significant features were used to build the models for binary classification of carotid plaques, including logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), and classification and regression tree analysis (CART). All models were cross-validated using fivefold cross validation. Class-specific accuracy, precision, recall and F-measure evaluation metrics were used to quantify classifier output quality. A total of 230 radiomics features were extracted from each plaque. Pairwise Spearman correlation between features reported a high level of correlations, with more than 80% correlating with at least one other feature at |ρ|> 0.8. After a stepwise backward elimination procedure, the entropy and volume features were found to be the most significantly associated with the two plaque groups (p < 0.001), with AUCs of 0.92 and 0.96, respectively. The best performance was registered by the SVM classifier with the RBF kernel, with accuracy, precision, recall and F-score equal to 86.7, 92.9, 81.3 and 86.7%, respectively. The CART classification tree model for the entropy and volume features model achieved 86.7% well-classified plaques and an AUC of 0.987. This pilot study highlighted the potential of CTA-based radiomics and machine learning to discriminate plaque composition. This new approach has the potential to provide a reliable method to improve risk stratification in patients with carotid atherosclerosis.

Development of an Interprofessional Handoff Assessment for Doctor of Physical Therapy Students

Background and Purpose: Handoff communication, especially interprofessional (IPE) handoff communication, has been shown to make up a large portion of communication errors in health care. There is variability in the way professionals are trained and deliver the pertinent patient information in handoffs, which, causes confusion, makes recall difficult, and increases the incidence of medical errors. Thus, this study aimed at assessing IPE handoffs for individuals who are trained in SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation) method of IPE communication developed by TEAM STEPPS®. Method: To assess IPE handoffs for those who are trained with the SBAR method, an existing tool was modified to make it more explicit to IPE handoff communication using descriptors from SBAR. Reliability and internal consistency were evaluated using videos of IPE handoffs of doctor of physical therapy (DPT) students. Results: Spearman rank coefficients for the revised assessment domains ranged from 0.56 to 0.86, indicating a strong correlation. The communication and content domains had the highest level of correlation. The interrater reliability of the 5 raters was 0.85, indicating high reliability. Discussion and Conclusion: This assessment proved to be simple and reliable to measure IPE handoff communication skills during emergent situations between DPT students and standardized nurses. Thus, this assessment can be used to assess interprofessional handoffs, develop competencies improved teamwork, and reduce medical errors.