High Information Rate Research Articles

Multi-secret Sharing Model based on Hermite Interpolation Polynomial and Quantum Graph State

With the rise of the Internet plus blockchain, quantum secure communication has become a hot topic of interdisciplinary research. Secret sharing is the key technology to realize blockchain. In this paper, the Hermite interpolation polynomial combined with the idea of homomorphic cryptography is used to construct a multi-secret sharing model based on quantum graph theory. This paper relies on the theory of quantum theory to have mature theoretical and experimental foundations in quantum preparation, storage transmission, and measurement feasibility and overcomes the existing program feasibility problems and potential security problems with classical cryptography. This model is outsourced, verifiable, and extensible and has a high information rate. It can effectively resist external interception, replay, entanglement, tampering attacks and internal forgery, impersonation, deception, and collusion attacks. This paper has carried on a detailed analysis of the model.

Effects of Different Losses on Satellite Systems

Satellite signal quality during propagation degrades due to absorption, scattering of the particles in space. For high information rate satellite technologies, this degradation significantly affects the received information. This degradation also depends on the link, atmospheric losses. Rain, cloud imposes a major effect on signal attenuation above 10 GHz frequencies. Low elevation angle transmission during rain, condensed clouds increases the effective path length and causes degradation in the received signal level. The change of transmitted signal parameters like frequency f and elevation angle θ, impacts atmospheric impairments considerably. In this paper, effects free space loss, rain attenuation and cloud attenuation are studied in the frequency range of 10-50 GHz for lower elevation angles. The link calculation method is used for determining free space loss. The ITU-R Rec. P.837-4 and ITU-R Rec. P.676-11 are used for calculation of rain and cloud attenuations respectively. The results of these three losses are plotted and tabulated using MATLAB software.

Measuring access to high-modulation-rate envelope speech cues in clinically fitted auditory prostheses.

The signal processing used to increase intelligibility within the hearing-impaired listener introduces distortions in the modulation patterns of a signal. Trade-offs have to be made between improved audibility and the loss of fidelity. Acoustic hearing impairment can cause reduced access to temporal fine structure (TFS), while cochlear implant processing, used to treat profound hearing impairment, has reduced ability to convey TFS, hence forcing greater reliance on modulation cues. Target speech mixed with a competing talker was split into 8-22 frequency channels. From each channel, separate low-rate (EmodL, <16 Hz) and high-rate (EmodH, <300 Hz) versions of the envelope modulation were extracted, which resulted in low or high intelligibility, respectively. The EModL modulations were preserved in channel valleys and cross-faded to EModH in channel peaks. The cross-faded signal modulated a tone carrier in each channel. The modulated carriers were summed across channels and presented to hearing aid (HA) and cochlear implant users. Their ability to access high-rate modulation cues and the dynamic range of this access was assessed. Clinically fitted hearing aids resulted in 10% lower intelligibility than simulated high-quality aids. Encouragingly, cochlear implantees were able to extract high-rate information over a dynamic range similar to that for the HA users.

A Band Pass Coupled Line Filter with DGS for Ultra-Wide Band Application

Abstract Systems with ultra-band width make use in wireless scenario which enables information transmission over long range of frequency of small distances with a minimum power and high information rates. An ultra-wide band filter is an important requirement for high-quality signal transmission and reception. Designing a compact UWB filter insertion loss much lower is a very difficult task. A structure with ground defected is defined to be etched periodically or non-periodically, cascaded configuration of a planar transmission line whose ground is defected disturbs the current distributed in the ground. A microstrip ultra-wideband filter is introduced in this paper. The filter includes interdigital feed lines on the upper face of substrate and rectangular-shaped structure defected ground at the bottom. The filter is 26.5 x 7.546 x 1.6 mm3 of dimension. The filter provides excellent passband (from 2.4-14.3 GHz) with a reduced return loss of -21.24 dB and insertion loss of -0.7dB at 6.9 GHz. Simulations are carried using ANSYS HFSS Electromagnetic Solver version 16.2.

Evolution of millimeter-wave communications toward next generation in wireless technologies

Next generation in wireless communication systems being deployed in the world, 5G/6G mobile and wireless communication technologies has been widely studied. This work clarifies that Millimeter-Wave (mm-Wave) is in its early stages and will be driven by consumers who keep on desire higher information rates for the consumption of media. Millimeter-Wave innovation represents for next generation cellular technology and includes a wide range of advanced features which make next innovation most dominant technology in near future, these abilities incorporate high achievable information rates in addition to lower delays and constant connectivity on wireless devices.

Proposed Sensing -Transmission Model for Uncoordinated Cognitive Radios

The radio range accessible is a constrained asset and the quantity of devices with high information rates can't be suited in the present static range. The range detecting is the gauge on which the entire procedure of psychological radio works. To maintain a strategic distance from the impedance with the authorized clients and deciding the available range for expanding the range's use is the crucial errand of intellectual radio. Subjective radio developed to be a powerful technique to conquer this constraint by progressively getting to the information. In this paper, a strategy liable for detecting the range and after that transmitting on that range is proposed. FHSS-ED (Frequency Hoping Spread Spectrum- Energy Detection) is the methodology assessed. It has two phases; right off the detection is finished utilizing Vitality Identification Procedure and Transmission is finished by jumping on accessible channels derived from detecting stage by utilizing FHSS system. Comparison of the proposed strategy FHSS-ED is made with the current FHSS-OBRMB system and reenactment results demonstrate that proposed method has preferred outcomes over the leaving. Examination has additionally been made based on commotion vulnerability conditions.

Uncertainty Analysis of Factors Influencing Stimulated Fracture Volume in Layered Formation

Hydraulic fracture dimension is one of the key parameters affecting stimulated porous media. In actual fracturing, plentiful uncertain parameters increase the difficulty of fracture dimension prediction, resulting in the difficulty in the monitoring of reservoir productivity. In this paper, we established a three-dimensional model to analyze the key factors on the stimulated reservoir volume (SRV), with the response surface method (RSM). Considering the rock properties and fracturing parameters, we established a multivariate quadratic prediction equation. Simulation results show that the interactions of injection rate (Q), Young’s modulus (E) and permeability coefficient (K), and Poisson’s ratio (μ) play a relatively significant role on SRV. The reservoir with a high Young’s modulus typically generates high pressure, leading to longer fractures and larger SRV. SRV reaches the maximum value when E1 and E2 are high. SRV is negatively correlated with K1. Moreover, maintaining a high injection rate in this layered formation with high E1 and E2, relatively low K1, and μ1 at about 0.25 would be beneficial to form a larger SRV. These results offer new perceptions on the optimization of SRV, helping to improve the productivity in hydraulic fracturing.

The BER Analysis of MIMO System for M-PSK over Different Fading Channels using STBC Code Structure

High information rates inside the restricted frequency (RF) spectrum is often fascinating that results in radios with capabilities on the far side a single-input single-output (SISO) topology. In recent days introduced wireless systems have adopted multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) topologies that use 2 or more transmitters and 2 or more receivers to send information at the same time over same RF bandwidth. The performance of MIMO system may be improved by involving multiple antennas at transmitter and receiver therefore on offer spatial diversity. during this paper, the performance analysis of MIMO system over AWGN attenuation channel and Rician Channel with ZF receiver is bestowed. The consequences of the antenna choice can even be analyzed from the simulated results. The BER (Bit Error Rate) performance characteristics of Zero-Forcing (ZF) receiver is investigated for M-PSK modulation technique over the AWGN channel and Rician Channel.

The BER Analysis of MIMO System for M-PSK over Different Fading Channels using STBC Code Structure

High information rates inside the restricted frequency (RF) spectrum is often fascinating that results in radios with capabilities on the far side a single-input single-output (SISO) topology. In recent days introduced wireless systems have adopted multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) topologies that use 2 or more transmitters and 2 or more receivers to send information at the same time over same RF bandwidth. The performance of MIMO system may be improved by involving multiple antennas at transmitter and receiver therefore on offer spatial diversity. during this paper, the performance analysis of MIMO system over AWGN attenuation channel and Rician Channel with ZF receiver is bestowed. The consequences of the antenna choice can even be analyzed from the simulated results. The BER (Bit Error Rate) performance characteristics of ZeroForcing (ZF) receiver is investigated for M-PSK modulation technique over the AWGN channel and Rician Channel.

Spectral Efficiency Enhancement Through Wavelet Transform Filter Bank for Future Mobile Communications

In the 5th generation of wireless communications for multiple apps, such as sports, video etc, the large transmission rate of information is the main requirement. To satisfy the high information rates, bandwidth can be increased by using greater frequency bands that is not feasible owing to the restricted frequency spectrum accessibility and the limitation placed on accessible spectrums by Standard. A further way is to effectively use the existing spectrum. OFDM overrides all multiplexing methods in the last century because with Cyclic Prefix (CP) and enhanced Bit Error Rates (BER) the system improves intersymbolic interference (ISI). It offers low sensitivity owing to the intercarrier orthogonality to time synchronization. Bandwidth is lost by CP, in addition to all of these benefits. The lack of orthogonality between pilots that interfere (ICI) is also due to the multipath fading. Discrete Wavelet Transform is used to extract a bandwidth and spectral efficiency improvement and remove CP in turn. Transforming Wavelet (WT) is less sensitive to multipath distortion., so that ICI improves.. We present FBMC's unifying structure, discussion and efficiency assessment in this paper.

Wavelength remodulation and dispersion compensation for full-duplex radio over fiber System using fiber Bragg grating

Radio over fiber (RoF) is an amalgamation of both optical and wireless technologies offering the benefits of high information rate and increased mobility. In this paper, a full-duplex RoF passive optical network (PON) is proposed based on wavelength remodulation using fiber Bragg grating (FBG). Simulation of the proposed system demonstrates 1Gbps uplink and 1Gbps downlink signals sharing the same continuous wave (CW) laser source located at the remote central station (CS). The performance of the system is investigated in terms of bit error rate (BER), optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR), received optical power and eye diagrams of the transmitted signals. From the result, it is observed that the proposed sensor gives us an acceptable result at 100 Km with BER 10−9, output power 9 dB m and OSNR 36 dB. The results show that the network performance is improved by decreasing the overall dispersion of the fiber link using FBG and dispersion compensating fiber (DCF). The system exhibits smooth execution up to a transmission distance of 100 km and henceforth, is capable of supporting long haul transmissions.

An effective hybrid approach for PAPR reduction in MIMO-OFDM

Multi-input multi-output (MIMO) frameworks in blend with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) have drawn huge consideration for the next generation broadband multimedia applications because of their capability of giving high information rate, robustness to fading channels and reliable communication. There are many advantages of using OFDM like robustness and high spectral efficiency against ISI yet at the same time there are a few inconveniences. The fundamental issue that emerges in OFDM frameworks is high PAPR. There are numerous methods accessible for lessening of PAPR like tone reservation (TR), clipping and filtering, partial transmit sequence (PTS), active constellation scheme, interleaving and selected mapping. The main aim of this research is to reduce the PAPR in the MIMO-OFDM systems by solving the issues that currently exists. In this paper, a novel approach is introduced by combining the PTS and Gaussian pulse-based TR techniques in order to reduce the PAPR. The basic idea of the TR technique is to calculate the additive time-domain signal which reduces the PAPR of the actual transmit signal but increases the average power and hence lowering the power efficiency of the OFDM system. Hence, the approach utilizes an adaptive optimization procedure (i.e., integration of gray wolf optimization and artificial bee colony) to reduce the average power. Further, the PTS scheme is employed to the obtained signal in order to reduce the PAPR. The PTS approach further reduces the PAPR by selecting the finest combination of phase sequence. The proposed methodology is implemented in MATLAB and the results obtained are compared with the existing techniques.

Decoding of selective attention to continuous speech from the human auditory brainstem response

Humans are highly skilled at analysing complex acoustic scenes. The segregation of different acoustic streams and the formation of corresponding neural representations is mostly attributed to the auditory cortex. Decoding of selective attention from neuroimaging has therefore focussed on cortical responses to sound. However, the auditory brainstem response to speech is modulated by selective attention as well, as recently shown through measuring the brainstem's response to running speech. Although the response of the auditory brainstem has a smaller magnitude than that of the auditory cortex, it occurs at much higher frequencies and therefore has a higher information rate. Here we develop statistical models for extracting the brainstem response from multi-channel scalp recordings and for analysing the attentional modulation according to the focus of attention. We demonstrate that the attentional modulation of the brainstem response to speech can be employed to decode the attentional focus of a listener from short measurements of 10 s or less in duration. The decoding remains accurate when obtained from three EEG channels only. We further show how out-of-the-box decoding that employs subject-independent models, as well as decoding that is independent of the specific attended speaker is capable of achieving similar accuracy. These results open up new avenues for investigating the neural mechanisms for selective attention in the brainstem and for developing efficient auditory brain-computer interfaces.

Asynchronous Group Authentication Based on Geometric Approach

Individual authentication in air warfare is used to check whether a single participant is a legal member of the predefined group but not determine all participants at one time. An asynchronous (m, t, n) group authentication protocol is proposed based on multidimensional sphere reconstruction theorem of space analytic geometry without making any computational assumption, where m is the number of participants, t is threshold value, and n is the number of members. The proposed protocol can determine whether all participants belong to the predefined group at one time, which is applicable to batch verification prior to individual authentication. The center’s coordinate of (t-1)-dimensional sphere is treated as the shared secret and the coordinate of the point on the surface of the sphere, multiplied by a random blind factor, is issued to all members as their tokens. If m participants can reconstruct the shared secret by utilizing their tokens, indicate that there is not any invalid participant, otherwise perform individual authentication. Analyses show the proposed scheme can not only rule out the illegal outsider but also resist up to t-1 group member conspiring to forge a valid token for an outsider. In addition, compared with other schemes the proposed scheme is more applicable for air warfare network, with light-weight computation, flexible distribution, and high information rate.

Improved Lower Bounds on Mutual Information Accounting for Nonlinear Signal–Noise Interaction

In fiber-optic communications, evaluation of mutual information (MI) is still an open issue due to the unavailability of an exact and mathematically tractable channel model. Traditionally, lower bounds on MI are computed by approximating the (original) channel with an auxiliary forward channel. In this paper, lower bounds are computed using an auxiliary backward channel, which has not been previously considered in the context of fiber-optic communications. Distributions obtained through two variations of the stochastic digital backpropagation (SDBP) algorithm are used as auxiliary backward channels and these bounds are compared with bounds obtained through the conventional digital backpropagation (DBP). Through simulations, higher information rates were achieved with SDBP, {which can be explained by the ability of SDBP to account for nonlinear signal--noise interactions

Channel Estimation Techniques over MIMO-OFDM System

The multiple input multiple output-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing or MIMO-OFDM frameworks are utilized to satisfy the necessities of high information transmission rates, as a result of their exceptional properties, for example, high otherworldly proficiency, high information rate and obstruction towards multipath proliferation. MIMO-OFDM frameworks are finding their applications in the advanced remote correspondence frameworks like IEEE 802.11n, 4G. In this paper, we consider the plan of LTE system and diagram the channel estimation. To achieve high data rate correspondence with flexibility, Long term evolution (LTE) has been displayed. LTE Downlink systems get Symmetrical Recurrence Division Different and MIMO to give upto 100 Mbps (expecting a 2x2 MIMO structure with 20MHz transmission limit). The execution get of MIMO overwhelmingly depends upon the correct estimation of Channel State information (CSI), which is crucial for every trade structure. In this paper, we show assorted channel estimation computations for LTE Downlink structures. This joins channel estimation using Pilot Images and Visually impaired Channel estimation counts. The estimation procedures incorporated the Slightest Square Mistake (LSE) and the Minimum mean square error (MMSE) is being inspected in conclusion broke down.

Construction of high rate $$\mathcal {T}$$ T - $${{\varvec{direct}}}$$ direct codes

This paper presents a class of multi-user codes named as \(\mathcal {T}\)-direct tertiary codes. These classes of codes have higher information rate in comparison to the existing \(\mathcal {T}\)-direct codes. A coding scheme (encoding and decoding) is proposed for the class of \(\mathcal {T}\)-direct codes, that increases the information rate of the constituent codes in comparison to the existing coding scheme for the class of \(\mathcal {T}\)-direct codes: the coding scheme first drives the code \(\mathcal {C}_{i}'(n', k', d')\) from the constituent code \(\mathcal {C}_{i}(n, k, d)\) of existing \(\mathcal {T}\)-direct code \((\mathcal {C}_{1}, \mathcal {C}_{2}, \ldots , \mathcal {C}_{\mathcal {T}})\) with \(\frac{k'}{n'} \ge \frac{k}{n}\), and eventually forms a \(\mathcal {T}\)-direct code \((\mathcal {C}_{1}', \mathcal {C}_{2}', \ldots , \mathcal {C}_{\mathcal {T}}')\) with an overall increase in sum-rate. Just like \(\mathcal {T}\)-direct codes, the newly constructed class of codes can be used for simultaneous transmission of non-binary symbols over an \(\mathbb {F}\)-adder channel. Further, an associated decoding technique for the constructed class of codes is also proposed.

An Advanced Unequal Power Allocation for Image Transmission With Chaotic Communication

The infringement of remote correspondence inside the most recent couple of decades has brought about the advancement of various transmit and get (MIMO) frameworks empowering effective constant picture and video correspondence. These preferences of numerous receiving wire frameworks nearby productive transmission furthermore coding plans might be investigated to achieve very high information rates close by enhanced information unwavering quality. Following the idea this work shows a novel come within reach of for transmitting pictures ended a boisterous channel. The anticipated strategy utilizes OFDM and clamorous encoder plans to accomplish contortion less & secure picture transmission inside the uproarious channel.

ADVANCED WIRELESS NETWORKS: TO STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF 4G NETWORKS

Versatile correspondence may be creating really quickly for section for time, new advances would constantly brought on encourage those versatile clients a greater amount starting with the innovation organization. As long as innovations need aid supplanted toward new ones and necessities need aid developing for those new innovations with a chance to be formed. One such improvement is fourth era networks. Also called future era or following era networks. Those presentation of 4G need widened the degree for versatile correspondence. Presently versatile is not just a gadget utilized to talking yet all its pretty much a transportable PC that camwood serve diverse purposes. 4G offers higher information rates for consistent roaming. The versatile client camwood speak without an unsettling influence same time exchanging as much scope organize. 4G is at present death through research also consequently there need aid exactly issues that requirement will a chance to be settled so as on profit those clients starting with it fully. In this paper we talk about know era of versatile engineering also profundity ponder of 4G portable innovation and its security.

Channel estimation for long term evolution downlink receiver system performance

3GPP LTE is the advancement of the UMTS because of ever‐increasing requests for brilliant interactive media administrations as indicated by client's desires. Since downlink is dependably an essential factor in scope and limit viewpoints, extraordinary consideration has been given in choosing innovations for LTE downlink collector. In this paper, LTE-downlink receiver framework exhibitions of Channel Response estimations are tried and assessed utilizing FDD transmission plans. An insertion calculation is utilized to acquire all Channel Response estimations. In this model direct addition calculations utilized as a part of recurrence and image area. The high information rates and the high limit can be accomplished by utilizing the upsides of the two advances. These advances have been chosen for LTE downlink receiver. Pilot‐assisted channel estimation is a strategy in which known signs, called pilots, are transmitted alongside information to get channel learning for legitimate deciphering of got signals. This paper goes for channel estimation for LTE downlink receiver framework. The execution of the framework recreated in various remote channel models that comprises of AWGN, RAW AWGN and Veh A channels. The execution of the framework is assessed utilizing distinctive regulations, for example, QPSK, 16 QAM and 64 QAM. Execution of these calculations has been measured as far as Bit Error Rate (BER) Vs Eb/No.