High Energy Storage Ring Research Articles

Characteristic study of the internal target for the Double Hypernuclei physics at PANDA

The case of the internal target for the hypernuclear experiment ofthe PANDA (antiproton Annihilation at Darmstadt) Collaboration atthe HESR (High Energy Storage Ring) of FAIR (Facility for Antiprotonand Ion Research) is illustrated. The main aspects of the experimentdesigned for the production of Double Hypernuclei are initiallysummarized. The problems arising from the interaction of a solid internaltarget with an antiproton beam inside a ring are briefly discussed,together with the constraints in making such a set up. The designof material, shape and size of a target satisfying the experimentalrequirements is presented. The techniques used to produce a prototypeof this target are illustrated. Then the results of the tests performedon the prototype to investigate the properties (purity, radiationhardness, structure modifications after shaping) are reported andthe plan of the future activity is presented.

SPARC collaboration: new strategy for storage ring physics at FAIR

SPARC collaboration at FAIR pursues the worldwide unique research program by utilizing storage ring and trapping facilities for highly-charged heavy ions. The main focus is laid on the exploration of the physics at strong, ultra-short electromagnetic fields including the fundamental interactions between electrons and heavy nuclei as well as on the experiments at the border between nuclear and atomic physics. Very recently SPARC worked out a realization scheme for experiments with highly-charged heavy-ions at relativistic energies in the High-Energy Storage Ring HESR and at very low-energies at the CRYRING coupled to the present ESR. Both facilities provide unprecedented physics opportunities already at the very early stage of FAIR operation. The installation of CRYRING, dedicated Low-energy Storage Ring (LSR) for FLAIR, may even enable a much earlier realisation of the physics program of FLAIR with slow anti-protons.

Spin filtering at COSY and perspectives for PAX

The high physics potential of experiments with stored polarized antiprotons led to the proposal of the PAX [1] experiment (Polarized Antiproton eXperiment) for the High Energy Storage Ring (HESR) of the new FAIR facility at GSI (Darmstadt/Germany). It is proposed to polarize a stored antiproton beam by means of spin filtering by a polarized hydrogen gas target. The feasibility of spin filtering with protons using a transversely polarized hydrogen gas target has been demonstrated in the FILTEX experiment [2] and recently confirmed at the COSY ring in Julich. A spin filtering experiment using a longitudinally polarized hydrogen gas target is planned after the installation of a siberian snake in 2014. Further measurements including the investigation of pd-breakup reactions [3] and a test of the time reversal (TRIC) [4] are planned using the developed experimental setup. A proposal for a spin-filtering experiment with antiprotons at AD/CERN [5] has been submitted to the CERN SPS comitee to investigate the spin-dependence of the pbar-p and pbar-d interaction. This knowledge is necessary to properly design a dedicated Antiproton-Polarizer Ring.

Tracking with Straw Tubes in the PANDA Experiment

The PANDA spectrometer will be built at the FAIR facility at Darmstadt (Ger- many) to perform accurate tests of the strong interaction through ¯ pp andannihilation studies. The charged particle tracking at PANDA will be done using both solid state and gaseous detectors. Among the latter, two straw tube detector systems will be built (1). The cylindrical, central straw tube tracker features a high spatial and momentum resolu- tion for a wide range of particle momenta from about 8 GeV/c down to a few 100 MeV/c, together with particle identification in the momentum region below about 1 GeV/c by measuring the specific energy-loss. A new technique, based on self-supporting straw double layers with intrinsic wire tension developed for the COSY-TOF straw tracker (2), has been adopted for the PANDA trackers. The development of the readout electronics for the straw tubes is ongoing. Prototypes have been produced and used to instrument straw tube modules that have been tested with cosmic rays and proton beams. Design issues of the PANDA straw tubes, together with the results of the prototype tests are presented. The PANDA experiment (3) is one of four experiments planned for the future Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) (4) in Darmstadt, Germany. The scientific program of the PANDA Collaboration is oriented towards precise studies of strong interaction in the QCD transi- tion region between asymptotically free quarks and hadronic matter. The maximum available center of mass total energy in the PANDA experiment ( √ s= 5.46 GeV/c 2 ) will allow hadronic structures involving the charm quark degrees of freedom to be investigated. The PANDA detector will be in- stalled around the internal target of the High Energy Storage Ring (HESR), which will accumulate, accelerate and cool up to 10 11 antiprotons. In the experiment, the annihilation of antiprotons with

SPARC experiments at the high-energy storage ring

The physics program of the SPARC collaboration at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) focuses on the study of collision phenomena in strong and even extreme electromagnetic fields and on the fundamental interactions between electrons and heavy nuclei up to bare uranium. Here we give a short overview on the challenging physics opportunities of the high-energy storage ring at FAIR for future experiments with heavy-ion beams at relativistic energies with particular emphasis on the basic beam properties to be expected.

Few-body quantum dynamics of high-Z ions studied at the future relativistic high-energy storage ring

At the FAIR facility for antiprotons and ion research, the high-energy storage ring will provide highly charged heavy ions with Z all the way to Z = 92 for beam energies ranging from 200 A MeV up to energies of approximately 5 A GeV. This opens up a wealth of opportunities for in-ring atomic physics experiments on few-body quantum dynamics ranging from, for example, the correlated dynamics of various e+–e− pair creation processes to quasi-photoionization of inner shells of the highest-Z ions.

Project of an internal target for the antiproton ring at FAIR

The case of the internal target for the hyper-nuclear experiment of the PANDA (antiproton Annihilation at Darmstadt) Collaboration at the High Energy Storage Ring of Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research is illustrated. After a discussion of the problems arising from the interaction of a solid internal target with an antiproton beam, the design of material, shape and sizes of a target satisfying the experimental requirements is presented. The techniques used to produce a prototype of this target are illustrated. Then the results of the tests performed on the prototype for investigating the properties (purity, radiation hardness, structure modifications after shaping) are reported and the plan of the future activity is pointed out.

Design considerations for a new beamline for standard EXAFS at a high-energy low-emittance storage ring

P65 is a new EXAFS beamline to be built at the PETRA III storage ring at DESY in Hamburg. It will mainly be used for standard EXAFS applications with a relatively large beam and moderate flux density. While the beamline optics will be similar to many other standard EXAFS beamlines, the insertion device at such a large high-energy storage ring with low emittance like PETRA III will need special attention. This paper discusses the main design considerations for the construction of such a beamline at a 6 GeV storage ring with an emittance of 1 nm rad.

Stig Hagström

Stig Hagström

A Large GEM-TPC Prototype Detector for anda

The PANDA spectrometer will be a state of the art universal detector for strong interaction studies at the High-Energy Storage Ring (HESR) in the future international Facility for Anti-proton and Ion Research (FAIR) at GSI, Darmstadt. The detector is designed to take advantage of the extraordinary physics potential which will be available utilizing high intensity, phase space cooled anti-proton beams. This facility will provide a cooled anti-proton beam −2 with momenta of 1.5-15 GeV/c, a maximal luminosity of 2×10 32 cms −1 that translates into 2×10 7 pp annihilations per second. A GEM based Time Projection Chamber (TPC) was one of the central tracker candidates for the PANDA experiment. To check the feasibility of such a detector system, a large prototype GEM-TPC was built and tested inside the FOPI Spectrometer at GSI. A set of three Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) foils were used as amplification stage instead of Multi Wire Proportional Chambers. In this report, the design, construction, characterization of the prototype-detector system will be discussed in detail along with the results of recent beam tests.

Perspectives of the Double Strangeness Physics at FAIR

The future complex FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research) will allow to investigate a wide spectrum of physics items, ranging from QCD to the Nuclear Structure, from Astrophysics to Atomic Physics, from Plasma Physics to their applications. Among the other facilities the High Energy Storage Ring (HESR) will supply antiprotons in the momentum range from 1.5 to 15 GeV/c, with a resolution up to 10−5. The PANDA experiment, located inside HESR, will study the charm and strangeness physics, the form factor in the time like region and other topics like the crossed channel Compton scattering. The idea of studying the strangeness using antiprotons is new and the investigations will be focused onto the doubly strange systems, whose physics aspects are here shortly reviewed. The production technique will be illustrated and the expected performances, in terms of statistically significant amount of data, presented.

Physics program of P̄ANDA experiment at FAIR

The “antiProton ANnihilation at DArmstadt”-experiment, P̄ANDA, is one of the main experiments at FAIR, the future Facility for Anti-proton and Ion Research at GSI, Darmstadt. It will be using the antiproton beam of unprecedented intensity and high momentum resolution in the momentum range between 1.5 – 15 GeV/c which will be available at the High Energy Storage Ring (HESR) at FAIR. The P̄ANDA experiment aims at high precision spectroscopy in order to address the properties of the strong interaction. The major physics research topics are: hadron spectroscopy, in-medium effects of hadronic particles, study of nucleon structure and precision gamma-ray spectroscopy of single- and double-Λ hypernuclei. To meet the physics objectives of P̄ANDA, a detector with a nearly complete solid angle coverage, an excellent particle identification of hadrons and leptons over a large momentum range and high resolution calorimetry for neutral particles is essential. An overview of the goals and the extensive physics programs, detector development as well as simulation aspects of the P̄ANDA experiment will be discussed.

Investigation of various electron ring concepts for the ENC with regard to depolarising effects

This investigation covers first feasibility studies for an electron ring in the tunnel of the High Energy Storage Ring (HESR) of the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR). This electron ring should accumulate and store polarised electrons at an energy of 2.8 – 3.3 GeV and should provide for collisions of longitudinally polarised electrons with the longitudinally polarised protons at the PANDA detector and at a centre-of-mass of around 14 GeV. Electron-ion collisions would also be possible.In order to attain longitudinally polarised electrons in the interaction region, two different concepts have been considered and the optical constraints and depolarising effects have been analysed numerically. Both concepts use spin rotators based on solenoids. For the first concept the polarisation is in the horizontal plane, while in the second concept the polarisation is vertical in the arcs. The electrons would be pre-polarised before injection. The aim is then to obtain the highest possible depolarising time.

The polarized electron-nucleon collider project ENC at GSI/FAIR

The ENC project attempts to realize an electron-nucleon collider at the upcoming Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research FAIR at GSI Darmstadt by utilizing the antiproton high-energy storage ring HESR for polarized proton and deuteron beams. The addition of a 3.3 GeV storage ring for polarized electrons will enable electron-nucleon collisions up to a center-of-mass energy of √s ≈ 14 GeV. In such a configuration peak luminosities in the range of L = 1032 to 1033cm−2s−1 are feasible. Beam-beam effects in a space-charge dominated regimes in conjunction with high-energy electron cooling represents one of the main challenges for this project. In this paper beam- and spin dynamics simulations are presented, together with the required modifications and extensions for a collision mode of the HESR storage ring and the conceptual design of this new collider complex.

Antiproton complex at the FAIR project

This report summarizes a set of calculations for the antiproton production in a complex composed of target area, collector, separator, beam line and collector ring for the antiproton source of the future FAIR facility (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research) at GSI, Darmstadt, Germany. The emphasis is on the optimization of the accumulation rate of antiprotons in order to maximize the luminosity of experiments with cooled antiproton beams in the High Energy Storage Ring (HESR). Results of simulations for each component of the antiproton production complex are presented in order to identify the present limitations of the antiproton production rate.

X-ray sources by energy recovered linacs and their needed R&D

In this paper we review the current state of research on energy recovered linacs as drivers for future X-ray sources. For many types of user experiments, such sources may have substantial advantages compared to the workhorse sources of the present: high energy storage rings. Energy recovered linacs need to be improved beyond present experience in both energy and average current to support this application. To build an energy recovered linac based X-ray user facility presents many interesting challenges. We present summaries on the Research and Development (R&D) topics needed for full development of such a source, including the discussion at the Future Light Sources Workshop held in Gaithersburg, Maryland on September 15–17, 2009. A first iteration of an R&D plan is presented that is founded on the notion of building a set of succeedingly larger test accelerators exploring cathode physics, high average current injector physics, and beam recirculation and beam energy recovery at high average current. Our basic conclusion is that a reviewable design of such a source can be developed after an R&D period of five to ten years.

Calculation of the Magnetic Interaction of Neighboring Magnets for the Future High-Energy Storage Ring at the FAIR Facility

The Forschungszentrum Ju?lich is responsible for the complete design and the construction of the High-Energy Storage Ring HESR , at the future Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) in Darmstadt, Germany. This includes the layout and provision of all magnets where the dipole, quadrupole and sextupole magnets are the most important. All magnets will be iron-dominated and normally conductive. The distance between the magnets is small due to the restricted space in the tunnel. In contrast to isolated magnets, differences are expected for the effective magnetic length as well as the integrated higher-order multipole contributions. In this publication, the results of magnetic-field calculations are presented that assess the magnetic interaction of neighboring magnets.

The [formula omitted]ANDA Experiment at FAIR

At Darmstadt, in Germany, is under construction FAIR a new international Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research. This will provide scientists in the world with outstanding beams and experimental conditions for studying matter at the level of atoms, nuclei, and other sub-nuclear constituents. An antiproton beam with intensity up to 2 × 10 7 p ¯ / s and high momentum resolution will be available at the High Energy Storage Ring (HESR) where the P ¯ ANDA detector will be installed. P ¯ ANDA will carry out a wide scientific program including meson spectroscopy from light to charm quark sector, baryon/antibaryon production, charm in nuclei, and strangeness physics with particular attention to the systems with strangeness S = − 2 . In this paper will be illustrated the details of the P ¯ ANDA scientific program related to strangeness physics, after a brief introduction about the FAIR facility.

10.1007/s11497-008-2008-4

A compact cyclotron to accelerate negative hydrogen ions up to 8 MeV is considered as a possible solution to charge the high voltage terminal of the Electron Cooling System for High Energy Storage Ring at GSI (HESR Project, Darmstadt). Physical as well as technical parameters of the accelerator are estimated. Different modifications of commercially available cyclotrons are considered. Parameters of accelerators as a possible source of a 1-mA H− beam for HESR are compared. An original design based on the application of well-established technical solutions for commercial accelerators is proposed.

Low-energy pion–pion scattering in the [formula omitted] and [formula omitted] reactions

We evaluate the contribution of pion–pion rescattering to the pp→ppπ+π− and pp¯→pp¯π+π− reactions. We compare our results with the close-to-threshold experimental data. The pion–pion rescattering contribution is found there to be negligible. The predictions for future experiments with PANDA detector at High Energy Storage Ring (HESR) in GSI Darmstadt are presented. It is discussed how to cut off the dominant Roper resonance and double-Δ excitation mechanisms leading to the ppπ+π− channel in final state. Differential distributions in momentum transfers, transverse momentum, effective two-pions mass, relative azimuthal angle between pions, and pion rapidities are presented.