High-energy Field Research Articles

Smooth bosonization: The Cheshire cat revisited

A general method for deriving effective lagrangians is used to establish a continuous bosonization of a fermionic theory. This is achieved by introducing new fields in the path integral, and choosing different gauges in an equivalent version of the theory containing also a bosonic field. We illustrate this idea by showing the equivalence of fermions and bosons in (1+1) dimensions. We also demonstrate a smooth transition in space from a bosonic to a fermionic representation, providing a new class of soft Cheshire cat bag models, as well as a smooth transition in momentum space introducing effective low- and high-energy fields.

Accelerator system for the energy selective neutron irradiation test facility (ESNIT)

The energy selective neutron irradiation test facility (ESNIT) can provide the high energy and high intensity neutron irradiation fields needed for materials research. The neutron energy spectrum is selected by varying the incident deuteron energy of DLi source reaction from 10 to 40 MeV. The deuteron linacoperated in continuous wave mode accelerates the beam up to 50 mA to satisfy the neutron flux and volume requirements. The preliminary study on the conceptual design on the accelerator system has been carried out to survey the technical feasibility and to define the critical issues.

Geometrical Methods of Mathematical Physics

In recent years the methods of modern differential geometry have become of considerable importance in theoretical physics and have found application in relativity and cosmology, high-energy physics and field theory, thermodynamics, fluid dynamics and mechanics. This textbook provides an introduction to these methods - in particular Lie derivatives, Lie groups and differential forms - and covers their extensive applications to theoretical physics. The reader is assumed to have some familiarity with advanced calculus, linear algebra and a little elementary operator theory. The advanced physics undergraduate should therefore find the presentation quite accessible. This account will prove valuable for those with backgrounds in physics and applied mathematics who desire an introduction to the subject. Having studied the book, the reader will be able to comprehend research papers that use this mathematics and follow more advanced pure-mathematical expositions.

Dosimetry of pulsed X-rays of high exposure rate generated by an electron linear accelerator with an ionization chamber

Abstract Evaluation of the ionic charges liberated in an air-equivalent, parallel-plate ionization chamber placed in the pulsed, high-energy X-ray field of extremely high-exposure rate around an electron linear accelerator is carried out in order to measure the exposure or the absorbed dose absolutely by applying the correction method previously reported to the observed results. For three typical operation modes of the linear accelerator, i.e. single, transient and steady, ionic charge densities liberated per pulse in air by the X-rays emitted from a tungsten target, which correspond to the exposure per pulse, are determined with the method and both observed and corrected results are reported.

Second International Seminar on High-Energy Physics and Field Theory

Second International Seminar on High-Energy Physics and Field Theory

A theoretical analysis of rod calorimeters, with special consideration of pyrolytic graphite as a rod material

The basic theory of both the simple rod calorimeter and the alternative pedestal form is given, including an analysis of the transient behaviour for each. The possible exploitation of the low c-direction thermal conductivity of pyrolytic graphite in such calorimeters is discussed, and a proposed design (of the pedestal type) is described in detail. The proposed calorimeter is of a basic probe format and would have as its major application the measurement of dose in high-level high-energy photon and electron fields as used in radiation processing.

A CAMAC-matrix for distributing fast logic signals

Construction and parameters of a CAMAC-module for fast logic signals are described. This unit allows a computer-controlled connection of its eight inputs with its eight outputs in any possible combination. Examples of application of the CAMAC-matrix in the field of high energy and nuclear physics are given.

Recent advances in high energy non‐aqueous batteries

AbstractA survey of the recent progress in the field of high energy non‐aqueous batteries is presented. The newest batteries show some improvements on the existing ones although numerous problems still remain. The use of electrolytic solutions with higher specific conductivities and the use of cathode materials virtually insoluble in these electrolytes has been introduced. Some attention has also been given to systems useful in secondary cells. As a result of these recent researches, batteries capable of sustaining quite high current densities on discharging and having a better shelf‐life have been produced.

Cardiac Dye Injector Synchronizer

In radiographic diagnosis of heart disease, it is necessary to synchronize accurately the injection of radio-opaque dye into the circulation with the diastolic portion of the cardiac cycle. Because of the high-energy electrostatic and electromagnetic fields associated with radiographic apparatus, it was decided to make a photosensitive transducer to be clamped on the ear lobe to give an electric signal proportional to the blood flow through the ear. This signal is electronically shaped and amplified, and used to trigger a variable delay timing circuit which then operates the injector.

Higher precision in nuclear spectroscopy

For nearly six years there has been in existence at the California Institute of Technology a program of research work directed at increasing the precision of all measurements in nuclear spectroscopy and especially the precision with which nuclear energy levels may be determined. This trend toward higher precision of measurement is to be observed at present in nearly every area of nuclear physics (except possibly in the still new very high energy field) for it is generally realized that, while much primary qualitative information has been acquired, a real understanding and interpretation of the problems of nuclear structure and the internal mechanics of nuclei must wait for a sufficient fund of accurate and reliable quantitative numerical data to furnish a foundation for theory to build upon.