High Conversion Rate Research Articles

Smart Data Sharing System for Computational Nodes with Fragmental Framework

Abstract: Image mining is a critical research space in recent times that focuses on the supply of facts in records. this is in which records from the internet siteis mined so that informative facts can be processed and used correctly and correctly through people. Image segmentation has gained popularity in recent years due to its usefulness in improving the quality and efficiency of various computer vision applications, particularly in e-commerce websites. The paper provides a summary of the relevant literature, introduction associated with implementing this technology. The reviewed studies suggest that e- commerce websites with image segmentation technology have higher conversion rates, lower bounce rates, and increased customer satisfaction compared to those without

E-Commerce Website using Image Segmentation

Abstract: Image mining is a critical research space in recent times that focuses on the supply of facts in records. this is in which records from the internet siteis mined so that informative facts can be processed and used correctly and correctly through people. Image segmentation has gained popularity in recent years due to its usefulness in improving the quality and efficiency of various computer vision applications, particularly in e-commerce websites. The paper provides a summary of the relevant literature, introduction associated with implementing this technology. The reviewed studies suggest that e- commerce websites with image segmentation technology have higher conversion rates, lower bounce rates, and increased customer satisfaction compared to those without.

Development and prospect of flywheel energy storage technology: A citespace-based visual analysis

With the rise of new energy power generation, various energy storage methods have emerged, such as lithium battery energy storage, flywheel energy storage (FESS), supercapacitor, superconducting magnetic energy storage, etc. FESS has attracted worldwide attention due to its advantages of high energy storage density, fast charging and discharging speed, high energy conversion rate, easy maintenance, and no environmental pollution, and has been applied in aerospace, military, electric power, and transportation fields. This article uses the citespace review tool to intrinsically analyze and summarize the papers published from 2010 to 2022 in the field of FESS. Relevant knowledge maps such as keywords and research hotspots that carry out FESS research were obtained. Since this technology is developing gradually ►The historical development of FESS is summarized in this article for new/existing researchers. Finally ►This paper presents the future development trend based on reviewed literatures.

Intermuscular two-incision technique for implantation of the subcutaneous implantable defibrillator: 3-year follow-up

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background data on long-term outcome of the intermuscular (IM) two-incision implantation technique for the subcutaneous implantable cardioverted defibrillator (S-ICD) are lacking. Purpose the aim of the present study was to evaluate the outcome of patients underwent S-ICD implantation with the IM two-incision technique during 3-year follow-up. Methods the study population consisted of 105 consecutive patients (79 male; median 50 [13-77] years) underwent S-ICD implantation with the IM two-incision technique. Results according to the PRAETORIAN score, the risk of conversion failure was classified as low in 99 patients (94.3%), intermediate in 6 (5.7%).Ventricular fibrillation was successfully converted at ≤65 J in 97.4% of patients. During a median follow-up of 39 (16-53) months, 10 patients (9.5%) experienced device-related complications and 9 (8.5%) patients reported inappropriate shocks (IAS). Lead-associated complications were the most common (4.7%), including 2 cases of lead failure (1.9%). Pocket complications were reported in 2 patients (1.9%). Extra-cardiac oversensing (3.8%) represented the leading cause of IAS. No T-wave oversensing episodes were recorded. Twelve patients (11.4%) experienced appropriate shocks. Eight patients (7.6%) died during follow-up. IAS or device-related complications did not impact on mortality (HR 0.5; 95%CI 0-4.3; P=0.5; HR 0.7; 95%CI 0.1-6.0; P=0.8, respectively). Conclusions according to our findings, the IM two-incision technique allows for optimal positioning of the device achieving a low PRAETORIAN score with a high conversion rate. IM two-incision technique allows low incidence of pocket complications, shifting the type of complications towards lead-related complications, which represent the most common complications. The IM two-incision technique would not seem to impact the occurrence of IAS. Management of complications are safe without impact on the outcome.

A study of targeted mutation of l-rhamnose isomerase to improve the conversion efficiency of D-allose

D-Allose is a rare cis-caprose with a wide range of physiological functions, which has a wide range of applications in medicine, food, and other industries. L-Rhamnose isomerase (L-Rhi) is the earliest enzyme found to catalyze the production of D-allose from D-psicose. This catalyst has a high conversion rate, but its specificity for substrates is limited; thus, it cannot fulfill the requirements of industrial production of D-allose.In this study, L-Rhi derived from Bacillus subtilis was employed as the research subject, and D-psicose as the conversion substrate. Two mutant libraries were constructed through alanine scanning, saturation mutation, and rational design based on the analysis of the secondary structure, tertiary structure, and interactions with ligands of the enzyme. The yield of D-allose produced by these mutants was assessed; it was found that the conversion rate of mutant D325M to D-allose was increased by 55.73 %, and the D325S improved by 15.34 %, while mutant W184H increased by 10.37 % at 55 °C, respectively.According to modeling analysis, manganese (Mn2+) had no significant effect on the production of D-psicose from D-psicose by L-Rhi. The results of molecular dynamics simulation demonstrated that the mutants W184H, D325M, and D325S had more stable protein structures while binding with the substrate D-psicose, as evidenced by its root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF), and binding free energy values. It was more conducive to binding D-psicose and facilitating its conversion to D-allose, providing the basis for the production of D-allose.

Confinement of ionomer for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction via efficient mass transfer pathways.

Gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) mediate the transport of reactants, products and electrons for the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) in membrane electrode assemblies. The random distribution of ionomer, added by the traditional physical mixing method, in the catalyst layer of GDEs affects the transport of ions and CO2. Such a phenomenon results in elevated cell voltage and decaying selectivity at high current densities. This paper describes a pre-confinement method to construct GDEs with homogeneously distributed ionomer, which enhances mass transfer locally at the active centers. The optimized GDE exhibited comparatively low cell voltages and high CO Faradaic efficiencies (FE>90%) at a wide range of current densities. It can also operate stably for over 220h with the cell voltage staying almost unchanged. This good performance can be preserved even with diluted CO2 feeds, which is essential for pursuing a high single-pass conversion rate. This study provides a new approach to building efficient mass transfer pathways for ions and reactants in GDEs to promote the electrocatalytic CO2RR for practical applications.

A Universal Room‐Temperature Approach to Large‐Area Continuous COFs Film for Photocatalytic Coupling of Amines

AbstractLarge‐area continuous covalent organic frameworks (COFs) film is highly desirable for the large‐scale continuous selective photocatalytic coupling of benzylamine (BA); however, traditional synthetic methods for preparing COFs films still suffer from the issues of harsh reaction condition, film breakage, and high energy‐consumption. Herein, a room‐temperature strategy is reported for making large‐area continuous imine‐based COFs film through the “infiltration‐reaction‐assembly” mechanism, demonstrating that such strategy is quite universal for making four types of large‐area COFs films. The as‐made PyTTA‐TPA (PyTTA: 1，3，6，8‐tetrakis(4‐aminophenyl)pyrene, TPA: p‐benzaldehyde) COFs film exhibits excellent catalytic performance for selective photocatalytic coupling of benzylamine (BA) with a high conversion rate of 98.2% and high selectivity of 97% in 3 h, which is the best photocatalytic performance in all reported photocatalysts. In addition, the as‐made COFs film is quite general for achieving photocatalytic coupling of other amine derivatives with outstanding photocatalytic performance of ≈100% conversion rate. Overall, this work brings a significant development for the room‐temperature synthesis of large‐area continuous COFs film to photocatalytic reaction.

Dimer-assisted mechanism of (un)saturated fatty acid decarboxylation for alkene production

The enzymatic decarboxylation of fatty acids (FAs) represents an advance toward the development of biological routes to produce drop-in hydrocarbons. The current mechanism for the P450-catalyzed decarboxylation has been largely established from the bacterial cytochrome P450 OleTJE. Herein, we describe OleTPRN, a poly-unsaturated alkene-producing decarboxylase that outrivals the functional properties of the model enzyme and exploits a distinct molecular mechanism for substrate binding and chemoselectivity. In addition to the high conversion rates into alkenes from a broad range of saturated FAs without dependence on high salt concentrations, OleTPRN can also efficiently produce alkenes from unsaturated (oleic and linoleic) acids, the most abundant FAs found in nature. OleTPRN performs carbon-carbon cleavage by a catalytic itinerary that involves hydrogen-atom transfer by the heme-ferryl intermediate Compound I and features a hydrophobic cradle at the distal region of the substrate-binding pocket, not found in OleTJE, which is proposed to play a role in the productive binding of long-chain FAs and favors the rapid release of products from the metabolism of short-chain FAs. Moreover, it is shown that the dimeric configuration of OleTPRN is involved in the stabilization of the A-A' helical motif, a second-coordination sphere of the substrate, which contributes to the proper accommodation of the aliphatic tail in the distal and medial active-site pocket. These findings provide an alternative molecular mechanism for alkene production by P450 peroxygenases, creating new opportunities for biological production of renewable hydrocarbons.

P8 INTERMUSCULAR TWO–INCISION TECHNIQUE FOR IMPLANTATION OF THE SUBCUTANEOUS IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTER DEFIBRILLATOR: 3–YEAR FOLLOW–UP

Abstract Purpose The aim of the present study was to evaluate the outcome of patients underwent subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (S–ICD) implantation with the intermuscular (IM) two-incision technique during 3–year followup. Methods The study population consisted of 105 consecutive patients (79 male; median 50 [13-77] years) underwent S–ICD implantation with the IM two-incision technique. The composite primary end point of the study consisted of device–related complications and inappropriate shocks (IAS). Secondary end points included the individual components of the primary end point, death from any cause, appropriate therapy, major adverse cardiac events, hospitalization for heart failure, heart transplantation. Results According to the PRAETORIAN score, the risk of conversion failure was classified as low in 99 patients (94.3%), intermediate in 6 (5.7%).Ventricular fibrillation was successfully converted at ≤65 J in 97.4% of patients. During a median follow–up of 39 (16–53) months, 10 patients (9.5%) experienced device–related complications and 9 (8.5%) patients reported inappropriate shocks (IAS). Leadassociated complications were the most common (5 patients, 4.7%), including 2 cases of lead failure (1.9%). Pocket complications were reported in 2 patients (1.9%). Extra–cardiac oversensing (3.8%) represented the leading cause of IAS. No T–wave oversensing episodes were recorded. Twelve patients (11.4%) experienced appropriate shocks. Eight patients (7.6%) died during follow–up. IAS or device–related complications did not impact on mortality. Conclusions The overall device–related complications and IAS rates over 3 years of follow–up were 9.5% and 8.5%, respectively. According to our findings, the IM two–incision technique allows for optimal positioning of the device achieving a low PRAETORIAN score with a high conversion rate. IM two–incision technique allows low incidence of pocket complications, shifting the type of complications towards lead–related complications, which represent the most common complications. The IM two–incision technique would not seem to impact the occurrence of IAS. Management of complications are safe without impact on the outcome.

Enhanced stability of a direct-methane and carbon dioxide protonic ceramic fuel cell with a PrCrO3 based reforming layer

Dry reforming of methane (CH4 + CO2 = 2CO + 2H2) is a very interesting approach both to reduce the overall carbon footprint of the increasing worldwide fossil-based methane consumption as well as to cut emission greenhouse gas of CO2. Utilizing the produced syngas as fuel directly in protonic ceramic fuel cell can further kill two birds with one stone: obtain power output and high purity CO. However, the drawback of the coking deposition limits the process of the above strategy. Here, we synthesis a Ni-based catalyst with high conversion rates (∼88% for CO2 and ∼89% for CH4) and excellent stability (>160 h at 700 °C) proceeded by Ce doping, and further employ it as reforming layer on solid oxide fuel cell. The results demonstrate that the Ce substitution plays an important role for homogenous Ni nanoparticles exsolution, benefiting for the coking resistance of the catalyst then the stability of the cell using CH4 and CO2 as fuel directly.

Co-Pyrolysis for Pine Sawdust with Potassium Chloride: Insight into Interactions and Assisting Biochar Graphitization.

This effort aimed to explore the activation and catalytic graphitization mechanisms of non-toxic salts in converting biomass to biochar from the perspective of pyrolysis kinetics using renewable biomass as feedstock. Consequently, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to monitor the thermal behaviors of the pine sawdust (PS) and PS/KCl blends. The model-free integration methods and master plots were used to obtain the activation energy (E) values and reaction models, respectively. Further, the pre-exponential factor (A), enthalpy (ΔH), Gibbs free energy (ΔG), entropy (ΔS), and graphitization were evaluated. When the KCl content was above 50%, the presence of KCl decreased the resistance to biochar deposition. In addition, the differences in the dominant reaction mechanisms of the samples were not significant at low (α ≤ 0.5) and high (α ≥ 0.5) conversion rates. Interestingly, the lnA value showed a linearly positive correlation with the E values. The PS and PS/KCl blends possessed positive ΔG and ΔH values, and KCl was able to assist biochar graphitization. Encouragingly, the co-pyrolysis of the PS/KCl blends allows us to target-tune the yield of the three-phase product during biomass pyrolysis.

Influence of the Cobalt Active Site Neighbours in NiCo Nanocatalysts for Phosphine‐Assisted Silane Activation

AbstractNiCo nanoparticles are active catalysts for a number of reactions, as an interesting alternative to noble metals. In particular, phosphine‐covered NiCo nanoparticles with a 1 : 1 metal ratio were found to be active at room temperature for Si−H bond activation. However, it was unclear which of the two metals was the active site and if the neighbouring atoms influenced the reaction efficiency. We designed nanoparticles with a nickel core and a limited amount of cobalt surface sites, just below or just above a monolayer amount, to investigate this question. We showed that the trend in catalytic activity is consistent with cobalt being the active site, and it shows a higher activity when its immediate neighbours are cobalt atoms. This was consistently observed with two phosphine ligands, PPh3 and PnBu3, while the first allowed a higher conversion rate than the second.

Online evaluation of the boiler energy efficiency associated with the soot blowing in coal‐fired power plants

AbstractSoot blowing is a common practice in coal‐fired power plants to ensure high energy conversion rate. The period of the conventional soot blowing is usually fixed, without the consideration of the load change and feeding coal switching. For the purpose of the soot blowing optimization, an approach to quantitatively evaluate the performance of soot blowing operations is proposed. Different heat exchangers' thermal resistances are calculated based on dynamic mass and energy balance to monitor their ash fouling deposition, and then, the boiler energy efficiency is predicted, adopting the rolling extreme tree boosting algorithm, and finally, the efficiencies with and without soot blowing are computed separately. With the data collected from a 350 MW ultra‐supercritical unit, pseudo‐online simulations are performed. The results show that even if the energy efficiency of the unit has exceeded 94%, a full‐process soot blowing may further increase the efficiency in some extent. For those subcritical units, the benefits should be higher.

Effect of ultrasonic irradiation on the production of a dihydrate precursor for selective n-butane oxidation

The invention pertains to a method for synthesising vanadium phosphorus oxide (VPO) catalyst using an ultrasonic irradiation approach and comparing phase composition and hydrocarbon oxidation activity to a traditionally synthesised catalyst. The ultrasonic irradiation method has been identified to create a catalyst with superior surface constitution and enhanced hydrocarbon conversionin a much shorter time of 3 h than the traditional heating method, which takes 24 h. The nature of catalyst influences product selectivity, with an integration comprising (VO)2P2O7 (V4+) and VOPO4 (V5+) being optimum for high rate of conversion. Under ideal reaction conditions, 89% selectivity to maleic anhydride and a 39% conversion rate were obtained.

Proximal row carpectomy of the wrist in the setting of midcarpal arthritis: Survivorship and associated complications in soft tissue interposition versus capitate resurfacing

Background: Proximal row carpectomy (PRC) has been shown to be an effective treatment option for early stages of wrist arthritis. In the presence of midcarpal arthritis however, PRC has generally been contraindicated due to a high conversion rate to total wrist arthrodesis. Variations to PRC, including radio-capitate soft tissue interposition and capitate resurfacing, have been introduced to delay conversion and have demonstrated similar outcomes compared to standard PRC. Comparative outcomes between these technical variations have not been investigated however. Methods: Retrospective chart review was conducted for patients who underwent PRC with interposition or capitate resurfacing from 2009-2019. Patient demographics, pre- and post-operative range of motion, operative time, cost, and post-operative complications were collected. Descriptive statistics were expressed as means and standard deviations. Survivability was plotted on a Kaplan-Meier survival curve. Results: Final cohorts included ten patients who underwent PRC with interposition and six who underwent PRC with resurfacing. Resurfacing had longer average operative duration (51.3±18.3 vs. 79.0±16.5 min, P=0.009) and higher cost ($29,116±10,036 vs. $15,290±3,743, P=0.028). There was no significant difference in wrist ROM. Two of the six patients who underwent resurfacing experience complications requiring conversion to total wrist arthrodesis, however there was no significant difference in overall survivorship. Conclusions: In this observational comparative study, PRC with capitate resurfacing trended towards longer operative time, increased cost, and higher complication and conversion rate. Future larger and more standardized analyses are needed in order to evaluate the long-term outcomes of these procedures. Level of Evidence: Level IV – Case Series.

Balance between Catalyst Acidity and Hydrophilicity in Biofuel Production from Fatty Acid Esterification over Al-SBA-15

A collection of Al-SBA-15 mesoporous catalysts (Si/Al = 13–174) was investigated to overcome typical accessibility constraints of microporous solids. 27Al MAS NMR confirmed the existence of tetrahedrally coordinated Al in the catalyst’s framework, and the fraction of such species increased as the Si/Al ratio decreased. Brønsted acidity followed the same pattern found using n-propylamine thermodecomposition. Mesoporous catalysts with lower Si/Al ratios exhibited a higher affinity to water as quantitatively determined using water adsorption experiments. Those surface properties were correlated to the catalytic performance on oleic acid esterification. The introduction of Al into the SBA-15 framework significantly improved esterification activity, leading to conversions ranging from 70 to 93%. This was explained by the acidity engendered upon Si substitution by Al. However, a turning point from which activity started dropping was registered and it was proposed to be associated with catalyst hydrophilicity. The balance between acidity and hydrophilicity was unveiled to be of paramount importance to accomplish the best catalytic efficiency and uppermost biofuel yield. Catalyst activity was also assessed for the esterification of stearic and linoleic acids. Higher conversion rates were accomplished with unsaturated fatty acids (oleic acid > linoleic acid > stearic acid) due to the higher reactivity of the carboxylic acid moieties as a consequence of the polarity of the double bonds in the carbon chain.

Synthesis of 2′-fucosyllactose from apple pomace–derived xyloglucan oligosaccharides by an α-L-fucosidase from Pedobacter sp. CAU209

2'-Fucosyllactose (2'-FL) is known for its ability to provide various health benefits to infants, such as gut maturation, pathogen resistance, improved immunity, and nervous system development. However, the production of 2'-FL using α-L-fucosidases is hindered by the lack of low-cost natural fucosyl donors and high-efficiency α-L-fucosidases. In this work, a recombinant xyloglucanase from Rhizomucor miehei (RmXEG12A) was applied to produce xyloglucan-oligosaccharide (XyG-oligos) from apple pomace. Then, an α-L-fucosidase gene (PbFucB) was screened from the genomic DNA of Pedobacter sp. CAU209 and expressed in Escherichia coli. The capability of purified PbFucB to catalyze XyG-oligos and lactose to synthesize 2'-FL was further evaluated. The deduced amino acid sequence of PbFucB shared the highest identity (38.4%) with that of other reported α-L-fucosidases. PbFucB showed the highest activity at pH 5.5 and 35°C. It catalyzed the hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl-α-L-fucopyranoside (pNP-Fuc, 20.3 U mg-1), 2'-FL (8.06 U mg-1), and XyG-oligos (0.43 U mg-1). Furthermore, PbFucB demonstrated a high enzymatic conversion rate in 2'-FL synthesis with pNP-Fuc or apple pomace-derived XyG-oligos as donors and lactose as acceptor. Under the optimized conditions, PbFucB converted 50% of pNP-Fuc or 31% of the L-fucosyl residue in XyG-oligos into 2'-FL. This work elucidated an α-L-fucosidase that mediates the fucosylation of lactose and provided an efficient enzymatic strategy to synthesize 2'-FL either from artificial pNP-Fuc or natural apple pomace-derived XyG-oligos. KEY POINTS: • Xyloglucan-oligosaccharide (XyG-oligos) was produced from apple pomace by a xyloglucanase from Rhizomucor miehei. • An α-L-fucosidase (PbFucB) from Pedobacter sp. CAU209 shared the highest identity (38.4%) with reported α-L-fucosidases. •PbFucB synthesized 2'-FL using apple pomace-derived XyG-oligos and lactose with a conversion ratio of 31%.

Establishment of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system to Juglans sigillata Dode 'Qianhe-7'.

An efficient genetic transformation system is of great significance for verifying gene function and improving plant breeding efficiency by gene engineering. In this study, a stable Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation system of Juglans sigillata Dode 'Qianhe-7' was investigated using callus and negative pressure-assisted and ultrasonic-assisted transformation selection. The results showed that the axillary shoot leaves were suitable to induce callus and the callus proliferation rate could reach 516.27% when induction calli were cultured on DKW medium containing 0.5mgL-1 indole-3-butyric acid, 1.2mgL-1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 0.5mgL-1 kinetin for 18 d. In addition, negative pressure infection was the optimal infection method with the lowest browning rate (0.00%), high GFP conversion rate (16.67%), and better growth status. To further prove the feasibility of this genetic transformation system, the flavonol synthetase (JsFLS5) gene was successfully transformed into the into leaf-derived callus of 'Qianhe-7'. JsFLS5 expression and the content of total flavonoids in transformed callus were improved significantly compared with the untransformed callus, which proved that we had an efficient and reliable genetic transformation system using leaf-derived callus of Juglans sigillata.

Effect of pressure on regenerative cooling process of endothermic hydrocarbon fuel at severe pyrolysis conditions

Regenerative cooling technology with supercritical aviation kerosene as coolant is the optimal thermal management method for advanced aero engines. In order to fill the gap in existing research on the pressure effects at severe pyrolysis, the influence of pressure on the flow field, pyrolysis behaviours, heat transfer, and surface coking are numerically investigated in this study. The results indicate that the velocity-temperature curves at different pressures have two intersections due to the difference in initial pyrolysis temperature, reaction rate, and product distribution. Fuel pyrolysis more easily occurs at high pressure, and elevating pressure improves the fuel heat sink. Besides, a special deterioration of heat transfer is found at high conversion rates because of the combined contribution of weakened primary endothermic reaction and enhanced secondary exothermic reaction. Heat transfer deterioration is delayed at 3.5 MPa due to the high initial pyrolysis temperature and significant flow acceleration. The primary pyrolysis reaction provides more than 80% chemical heat sink and 60% flow acceleration at fully cracked conditions at 5.0 MPa. In addition, inhibiting catalytic coking is the principal method to reduce carbon deposition, and more attention should be paid to carbon deposition under high pressure. The results obtained in this study are expected to provide insights into the selection of operating pressures for advanced aero engines.

Advances in electrolyzer design and development for electrochemical CO2 reduction

AbstractIn view of global energy transition and environmental issues, electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) to high value‐added chemicals by using clean renewable electricity, as an advanced carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technology, demonstrates a promising approach to reach the carbon neutrality with additional economic benefits as well. Over the past decade, various new valid catalysts in electrochemical CO2 reduction (ECO2R) have been designed and intensively investigated. Unfortunately, constructing appropriate ECO2R electrolyzer with high conversion rate and long‐term stability to unleash the full potential benefits of electrocatalysts remains a recognized challenge, especially as it has not yet attracted attention. This review summarizes the progress of ECO2R reactor and their corresponding structure characteristics/ electrochemical performance. Besides, the current challenges and bottlenecks of CO2RR reactor are discussed. We aim to introduce the advances in ECO2R electrolyzer in detail to offer enlightenment for large‐scale industrial application of ECO2R.image