Product Hierarchy Research Articles

Investigating the Accuracy of Autoregressive Recurrent Networks Using Hierarchical Aggregation Structure-Based Data Partitioning

Global models have been developed to tackle the challenge of forecasting sets of series that are related or share similarities, but they have not been developed for heterogeneous datasets. Various methods of partitioning by relatedness have been introduced to enhance the similarities of sets, resulting in improved forecasting accuracy but often at the cost of a reduced sample size, which could be harmful. To shed light on how the relatedness between series impacts the effectiveness of global models in real-world demand-forecasting problems, we perform an extensive empirical study using the M5 competition dataset. We examine cross-learning scenarios driven by the product hierarchy commonly employed in retail planning to allow global models to capture interdependencies across products and regions more effectively. Our findings show that global models outperform state-of-the-art local benchmarks by a considerable margin, indicating that they are not inherently more limited than local models and can handle unrelated time-series data effectively. The accuracy of data-partitioning approaches increases as the sizes of the data pools and the models’ complexity decrease. However, there is a trade-off between data availability and data relatedness. Smaller data pools lead to increased similarity among time series, making it easier to capture cross-product and cross-region dependencies, but this comes at the cost of a reduced sample, which may not be beneficial. Finally, it is worth noting that the successful implementation of global models for heterogeneous datasets can significantly impact forecasting practice.

The Politics of Printing and Knowledge Production in Latin America and the Caribbean

Abstract In this review essay I examine how recent books about print culture and knowledge production in Latin America and the Caribbean have addressed the relationship between printing and power, and in doing so have contributed to global discussions about the hierarchies of knowledge production. The study of print culture in a broader social framework shows how printed materials matter beyond the realm of culture. I explore how these new works have understood printing as political and have unravelled its contentious politics; how they have grappled with the global circulation and mobility of printers, prints, and paper; and how they have examined the relation between printing, reading, and writing and the production of urban space.

Manifesto as method for a queer screen production practice

ABSTRACT The authors reflect on creating a collaborative creative work that was developed both with, and as, a manifesto. Using queer theory as a framework, the authors track the process of developing and deploying a 14-step manifesto and outline their aims for queering screen production through creative practice. The project applies Baker’s (2011) call for a queer-ing of practice-led research, enacting a performative bricolage with a focus on queer screen production that is concerned with more than representation. The resulting 14-minute assemblage film outlines its thesis within an experimental, non-linear structure, comprising clips from the individual authors’ previously produced screen works, interplayed with new content, personal archive and textual elements. It combines the authors’ separate practices in filmmaking, screenwriting, mobile media and documentary in ways that deviate from mainstream categorisations, production hierarchies and workflows. Firstly, the manifesto is situated among others that outline strategies of disruption and resistance. Then, framed by the manifesto steps, the authors reflect on the film’s disruption of dominant narrative models in the context of queer theory’s critiques of heteronormative temporality. They then draw some conclusions around the possibilities of ‘manifesto as method’, and the implications for narrative disruption, queer screen production, and creative practice more broadly.

Cultures of Restraint and Towards an Appraisal of Non-Western News Values

ABSTRACT Research on Western European and North American news media continues to dominate scholarship in the field of journalism studies. The remedies sought to rectify this imbalance notably include comparative studies across non-Western and Western countries using large-scale surveys or content analyses. At an epistemological level, such studies adopt—often inherently—an Enlightenment-inspired normative frame that makes the comparisons and transpositions possible. On the one hand, these normative frames are necessary placeholders to make sense of the global field of journalism considering existing hierarchies of knowledge production. On the other, such frames are untenable because they conveniently force Enlightenment-based assumptions upon non-Western cultures, which fundamentally exist in tension with those normative assumptions. Departing from such comparative studies and approaches, this article proposes the concept of “cultures of restraint” to understand non-Western journalism practices and news values in a more context-sensitive manner. We demonstrate the utility of this concept by applying it to the case of vernacular language migrant journalists in the Middle East. Drawing on fieldwork and interviews, we illuminate the cultural conditions that shape the journalistic task of redefining “normative” news values, in the process challenging conventional interpretations of news and journalism.

Review: Feminista Frequencies: Community Building through Radio in the Yakima Valley, by Monica De La Torre

Review: <i>Feminista Frequencies: Community Building through Radio in the Yakima Valley</i>, by Monica De La Torre

Doing Knowledge through Knowing Women

Doing Knowledge through Knowing Women

Cinema Divina and Autotheory: An Interview with Marilyn Freeman

This is an interview with moving image artist, writer, and contemplative practitioner, Marilyn (M) Freeman by artist, Cat Auburn. They explore Freeman’s contemplative filmmaking practice, ‘Cinema Divina’ and the relationship of Freeman’s life, artistic practice and research interests to autotheory. Autotheory is widely held to be the coalescence of autobiography with theory (or philosophy) within a work of art or literature, often with an aim towards offering social or cultural narration and service. The impulse to collaborate on this interview came from Auburn’s encounter with Cinema Divina during an online group contemplative session facilitated by Freeman in February 2022. This interview covers Freeman’s development of Cinema Divina, such topics as Freeman’s theory of Vertical Dissonance, the risks of working autotheoretically, mysticism, interior life, the hierarchies of knowledge production and the potential for what Freeman calls ‘the illuminated space’ to create radical opportunities for personal transformation. Ultimately, this interview establishes that Cinema Divina can be seen as an autotheoretical practice that uses contemplative practices rooted in lectio divina, a meditative prayer ritual of early Benedictine monastics, to theorize through Freeman’s embodied, lived experiences and artistic outcomes.

Research on The Branding Development of Rural Tourism Destinations from The Perspective of Product Level

With the rapid development of rural tourism in China and the increasingly fierce competition in various places, the competition in the rural tourism market has expanded from the initial tourism resources to the competition of tourism products to the competition of tourism destination brands. According to the product hierarchy theory, what tourists get in rural tourism destinations is to include brand characteristics of rural tourism destinations. This paper takes the six villages in Kaihui Town, Changsha County as the research case, takes the product level as the theoretical basis, and obtains the brand development data of rural tourism destinations in the dimensions of customer perception experience value, characteristic cultural facilities, industrial creative products, tourist viewing experience activities, marketing service networks, etc., summarizes the practical characteristics, and proposes the development path: At the core level, it is necessary to cultivate brand differentiation development and enhance the perceived experience value of tourists; At the formal level, it is necessary to dig deep into the local characteristic culture and create a unique brand; At the additional level, it is necessary to expand brand communication channels and strengthen the quality of information services in rural tourism destinations.

Casting Blood Circulations

In this article I examine three Bengali translations of texts about blood circulation from the last decade and a half of the nineteenth century. Through a close examination of these three translations, I demonstrate the importance of what Antonio Gramsci called “translatability” and what I have elsewhere called “braided sciences.” Taken together, these two heuristic devices demonstrate a relationship between social hierarchies and translation, on the one hand, and a selective alignment of various strands of epistemic, technological, and narrative traditions on the other. One of the principal objectives of the article is to recenter the importance of caste and social hierarchy in understanding colonial knowledge production.

Mapping Korean National Health Insurance Pharmaceutical Claim Codes to SNOMED CT.

The objective of this study was to map pharmaceutical claim codes to SNOMED CT and thereby facilitate multicenter collaborative research and improve semantic interoperability. The claim codes were mapped to SNOMED CT using rule-based automated and manual methods. The maps were internally validated by terminologists and a pharmacist. Finally, 80% of all claim codes were mapped to the concepts of Pharmaceutical/biologic product hierarchy in SNOMED CT. Of them, 50.6% of the codes were exactly mapped to one clinical drug branch concept.

Clothing the New World Church: Liturgical Textiles of Spanish America, 1520–1820

Clothing the New World Church: Liturgical Textiles of Spanish America, 1520–1820

Let us expand this Western project by admitting diversity and enhancing rigor: A systematic review of empirical research on alternative economies

Research of alternative economies (AEs) has been portrayed as a mission of spreading visionary hopes for progressive change toward more sustainable and equitable economic systems. Despite its increasing popularity, it is less clear how it has been supported by empirical evidence. Therefore, we systematically searched for primary research studies on AEs (comprising alternative, diverse, community, or heterodox economies, and alternative food networks) published in recognized journals. We analyzed the patterns of the literature and characterized the examined AEs. We also overviewed methods and theories, and how the literature on AEs in the Global South conceptualizes both AEs and mainstream economic practices. We found that research of AEs has increased rapidly driven by an explosion of interest in alternative food networks. The published research of AEs has largely been a Western project signifying another example of the hierarchy of knowledge production. We argue that two general directions are worth to follow. First, the cultivation of empathy toward ontological diversity can make the research on AEs more pertinent to non-Western audience. Second, increased scope and epistemological rigor can make this research project more credible. We believe that these two directions can be followed without compromising the normative appeal of this scholarly programme.

Domain object hierarchies inducing multi-level models

Conceptual modeling of domain object hierarchies, such as product hierarchies or organization hierarchies, is difficult due to the intricate nature of nonphysical domain objects organized in such hierarchies. Modeling domain object hierarchies as part-whole hierarchies covers their hierarchical structure, yet to capture their meaning, part-whole hierarchies have to be combined with specialization and multi-level instantiation. To this end we introduce the deep domain object (DDO) multi-level modeling pattern and approach. With the DDO approach, subclasses and metaclasses are induced by and integrated with the part-whole hierarchy. The approach is aligned with the multi-level theory (MLT) and formalized by a metamodel and a set of deductive rules implemented in F-Logic. The proof-of-concept prototype is used for automated application of the pattern and for querying induced multi-level models.

Colonial Knowledge Economy: Handloom Weavers in Early Twentieth-Century United Provinces, India

AbstractIn existing historiography, the modernity discourse presents modern knowledge as being more economically efficient and technologically advanced compared to traditional skills. This theoretical lens has introduced a hierarchy of production and restructured the meaning of work and division of labour within the profession of weaving. Historically, the contexts of both the modern textile industry and traditional handloom weaving were interrelated in terms of technology and skills, but they have become increasingly segregated over the last two centuries. This article suggests an apparent distinction between “modernization” as a historical process and “modernity” as a condition. Analysis of the policies and prejudices of the colonial state explains the dynamics between producers, products, and techniques in the handloom textile sector of the United Provinces during the early twentieth century, as well as the impact of government policies, nationalist ideas, and global processes on the sector. Studying these interactions allows us to explore localized nuances pertaining to knowledge and skill that have often been ignored in historiography due to preconceived cultural, political, and institutional compartmentalization of craft communities.

Where Did All the Wahhabis Go? The Evolution of Threat in Central Asian Scholarship

This essay addresses discursive practices in the literature on Islam in Central Asia and highlights a recent shift from Wahhabism to Salafism as the main ‘non-traditional’ movement perceived to pose a threat. This shift is the result of a postimperial understanding of religious dynamics as well as the standardisation of global security discourses. Relying on a survey of academic journals and Central Asian media that demonstrates a recent sharp increase in the use of ‘Salafism’ rather than ‘Wahhabism’, the essay questions hierarchies of knowledge production and offers solutions to avoid the pitfalls of theoretical instrumentalisation in Central Asian scholarship.

Decoloniality and Disruption of the Scientific Status Quo: Dissemination of Universal Theoretical Assumptions in International Research

The challenges faced by science in the international communication process range from the choice of philosophical and epistemological assumptions used in scientific research to the choice of participants who comprise the sample of the studies produced. There is, in the hierarchy of scientific production, Westernized trends of theoretical assumptions that predominate. The challenge of producing and communicating scientific knowledge is now guided by a review that geographically and philosophically shifts the Western prominent place. The purpose of this article is use a decolonial perspective to theoretically problematize scientific practice and the process of publishing its results. It criticizes the assembly line in which psychology ends, especially in the publication of results as a condition for the constitution of scientific communities. The scientific community can assist in the dissemination of a certain theory, but it can also constitute an obstacle to new ideas. It points to decoloniality as an alternative path as a possibility of breaking with the production-line logic of publications. By presenting the example of González Rey’s theory of subjectivity, it advocates the history-education-time tripod as necessary elements to address contemporary crises studied by psychology. The article demonstrates the possibility of rupture with the market-related scientific status quo.

Women and the Afghan peace and reintegration process

Abstract In 2010, as the Afghan government announced its intention to begin a formal peace process, there were numerous calls for women to have a seat at the table. Both mainstream and critical discourse on women and the peace process in Afghanistan, however, relied on the production of essentialized subjectivities which failed to recognize the political and social complexity of women's lives, diminished their intellectual contributions and silenced their voices. This article challenges the simultaneous hyper-visualization and silencing of Afghan women by both Afghan and international actors. Drawing on feminist and decolonial theory, we examine the ways in which the colonial mechanisms of intervention, patriarchy and the global hierarchies of knowledge production worked in tandem to marginalize Afghan women while upholding them as agents of peace. The article brings together findings from three participatory research projects on women and peace, which took place from 2010 to 2014 across eight provinces in Afghanistan. A prismed view of the participants' intersectional realities is constructed, which highlights diverse positionalities and articulations of peace, the social and political cleavages, and differentiated obstacles to their involvement in the peace and reintegration process. The concluding remarks emphasize the relevance of these findings for Afghanistan at the time of publication.

Re-evaluating Post-war Interior Design Practices through Client Histories: Loti Smorgon and Her Architect/Decorator Noel Coulson

ABSTRACT In 1947 in Victorian Modern, Robin Boyd named a group of leading modern architects, including many who had trained at Geelong’s Gordon Institute. Yet Boyd omitted successful graduates whose work did not fit his narrowly defined parameters of modern design. Significant amongst these was Noel Coulson, RAIA, whose architecture and interior design practice made him highly desirable to Jewish immigrant clients. Like many whose work traversed both aesthetic and professional boundaries, Coulson has been overlooked by an Australian historical field profoundly shaped by Boyd’s preferences. Via a detailed study of Loti and Victor Smorgon’s Toorak house designed by Coulson in 1953, this paper argues that previously under-researched client histories have value in contesting such historiographical limitations. Client-centred methodologies reveal interior designers’ roles as hybrid practitioners — both cultural producers and mediators — supporting an understanding of modernity determined by the home as the locale of modern life rather than prescriptive aesthetic values. This paper proposes a re-assessment of post-war interior design historically marginalised within hierarchies of cultural production; and the role of the client as integral to a more inclusive understanding of the modern interior in post-war Australia.

Labouring on A Clockwork Orange (1971): finding the voices of creative, technical, and administrative workers in the Stanley Kubrick Archive

Those films directed by Stanley Kubrick have frequently been analysed and interpreted through the perspective of the producer-director’s authorial control. However, documents in the Stanley Kubrick Archive can allow for the voices of a myriad of overlooked, forgotten, and even hidden labour to be restored to the history of these films. Focusing on A Clockwork Orange (1971), the article considers how that film was purposely promoted by Kubrick and his publicist at Polaris Productions as having almost been single-handedly produced and created by Kubrick. The article challenges and deconstructs this self-promotion myth of Kubrick’s control by critically reading against the grain of archival documents such a progress reports, unit memos, and correspondence in order to uncover the extent to which other media labourers around the world were involved in, and continue to be involved in, the film’s production, distribution, exhibition, and marketing. In taking this approach, the article aims to work towards a greater understanding of production hierarchies on A Clockwork Orange, to question the way in which archives of canonical film directors are used by researchers, and to examine how archives contextualise or even marginalise the voices of below-the-line media labourers.

Russian economy innovative development scenarios

The unfolding fourth industrial revolution sets global goals for the world community, requiring the implementation of systemic transformations in all spheres of human activity. Preparations for securing Russia's technological leadership began a long time ago. However, the measures being taken are not enough to build an integral innovation ecosystem, which would make it possible to organize at a high level the building up of innovative potential, its effective use and increase the country's competitiveness in a dynamically changing environment. The key problems of the shortage of expected effects include the lack of formation of the competitive market, the low potential of domestic research in the field of improving strategic planning and methodological tools for making managerial decisions, poor management at all levels of the production hierarchy, the low degree of interest of economic entities in innovative transformation and investment in changing organizational and managerial structures. The paper analyzes the scenario conditions that determine the formation of an innovative economy and the improvement of the country's rating at the global level. The main factors that maximally affect the resulting indicators of innovative activity are investigated. Predictive models of innovative development have been constructed depending on the intensity of changes in factors sensitive to variations in world trends. The need for a systemic restructuring of the traditional economic order is argued. Scientific and practical recommendations on increasing innovative activity and improving the digital culture of the subjects of the Russian economy, taking into account the existing opportunities and potential of world leadership, are proposed.