Hierarchy Of Relations Research Articles

УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННЫМИ ПРОГРАММАМИ КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ УСПЕШНОЙ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ИНВЕСТИЦИОННЫХ ПРОЕКТОВ В ГАЗОВОЙ ОТРАСЛИ

The article discusses the current characteristics and prospects for the development of the world energy market, as well as factors affecting the current market conditions. The key parameters have been identified that have a key impact on the formation of the characteristics of energy companies. The analysis of the fundamental goals and objectives of the management sector of Russian companies in the gas industry is carried out. The place, role and significance of production programs for the development of Russian companies in the gas industry have been determined. Harmonization of the management of the hierarchy of industrial relations in the formation and implementation of production programs is considered as a tool for the effective implementation of investment projects in the gas industry.

Equilibria Existence in Bayesian Games: Climbing the Countable Borel Equivalence Relation Hierarchy

The solution concept of a Bayesian equilibrium of a Bayesian game is inherently an interim concept. The corresponding ex ante solution concept has been termed a Harsányi equilibrium; examples have appeared in the literature showing that there are Bayesian games with uncountable state spaces that have no Bayesian approximate equilibria but do admit a Harsányi approximate equilibrium, thus exhibiting divergent behaviour in the ex ante and interim stages. Smoothness, a concept from descriptive set theory, has been shown in previous works to guarantee the existence of Bayesian equilibria. We show here that higher rungs in the countable Borel equivalence relation hierarchy can also shed light on equilibrium existence. In particular, hyperfiniteness, the next step above smoothness, is a sufficient condition for the existence of Harsányi approximate equilibria in purely atomic Bayesian games.

Tuning the excess charge and inverting the salt rejection hierarchy of polyelectrolyte multilayer membranes

Polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) coated on porous membrane supports have shown versatile opportunities for tailoring the resulting membrane characteristics. PDADMAC/PSS multilayers used as a separation layer deliver outstanding NF properties in terms of selectivities and permeances, as well as stability. Charge overcompensation of PDADMAC limits the possibilities of tuning the charge distribution in the PEM. We present a new membrane preparation methodology combining low ionic strength in the polycation and high ionic strength in the polyanion coating solutions, resulting in a PEM build-up with excess negative fixed charges. In contrast to PEMs build from only either low or high ionic strength in the PE coating solutions, this asymmetric approach results in a significant higher adsorption of PSS than PDADMAC for the PEMs, as proved by QCM measurements. The high negative excess charge of the new PEM hollow fiber membranes (PEMMs) leads to Na2SO4 rejections of above 99%. More specifically, the salt rejection hierarchy is inverted, having higher rejections for the monovalent NaCl than for MgCl2. PEMMs with a high amount of negative excess charges are especially promising for anion rejection applications such as phosphate removal from effluents. The achieved high rejections for mono- and divalent phosphate ions and simultaneously high fluxes can compete and even outperform commercial NF membranes. Combining asymmetric low and high ionic strength in the PE coating solutions is therefore an effective way to control the net excess charge and its related salt rejection hierarchy.

Associative Dictionaries as an Ethnic Mental Phenomenon: Basic Values in the Core of Ethnic Group Language Consciousness

Introduction. Associative research is widely practiced in the field of sciences related to linguistics as an interdisciplinary approach to the study of the relationship of language with consciousness, psyche, and human culture; the corpus of associative data we have created in the Kazakh language replenishes associative lexicography in the context of broad intercultural comparisons. 
 Materials and methods. The dictionaries of the associative norms of the Kazakh language (Dmitryuk, 1978; Dmitryuk, Moldalieva et al., 2014), prepared on the basis of data of free associative experiments (SAE) with 1000 Kazakh students, contain unique information about the mentality and ethnocultural characteristics of the Kazakh ethnic group in the Soviet and modern period.
 FAE is a well-known method of employing the associative experiment data, the reliable way to access a person’s linguistic consciousness; statistical processing of the FAE body associative data provided for the analytical comparison of a hierarchical sequence of the Kazakh basic values as a linguistic consciousness core – its central and peripheral zones – in the Soviet and post-Soviet periods.
 Results. Due to the diachronic and interethnic comparative analysis: such basic Kazakh values as religion beliefs, freedom, sovereignty, state symbols have been subjected to the significant changes; ethnic cultural kernel preferences remained traditionally unchanged, constituting the specific essence of the ethnic national mentality: attitude to motherland, mother, elders, men, gender and age as specific peculiarities in the hierarchy of family relations.
 Conclusions. The intralingua comparison of the dictionaries’ contents revealed a very stable body of unchanging value priorities, indicating a fairly strong core and a significant vitality degree of Kazakh society.
 The work contributes to the intercultural associative research, associative lexicography and provides for the development of promising research in Psycholinguistics in Kazakhstan.

Our Time Is Now: Race and Modernity in Postcolonial Guatemala

Our Time Is Now: Race and Modernity in Postcolonial Guatemala

Discourse Relations and Connectives in Higher Text Structure

The present article investigates possibilities and limits of local (shallow) analysis of discourse coherence with respect to the phenomena of global coherence and higher composition of texts. We study corpora annotated with local discourse relations in Czech and partly in English to try and find clues in the local annotation indicating a higher discourse structure. First, we classify patterns of subsequent or overlapping pairs of local relations, and hierarchies formed by nested local relations. Special attention is then given to relations crossing paragraph boundaries and their semantic types, and to paragraph-initial discourse connectives. In the third part, we examine situations in which annotators incline to marking a large argument (larger than one sentence) of a discourse relation even with a minimality principle annotation rule in place. Our analyses bring (i) new linguistic insights regarding coherence signals in local and higher contexts, e.g. detection and description of hierarchies of local discourse relations up to 5 levels in Czech and English, description of distribution differences in semantic types in cross-paragraph and other settings, identification of Czech connectives only typical for higher structures, or the detection of prevalence of large left-sided arguments in locally annotated data; (ii) as another type of contribution, some new reflections on methodologies of the approaches under scrutiny.

The stigmatisation of Central Europe via (failed) socialisation narrative

This article builds on the criticism of the international socialisation narrative which mistakenly represents compliance as socialisation and recognises agency only to the extent it fails to comply. It pertains to the argument that such a narrative can lead to stigmatisation which reinforces social orders characterised by specific hierarchies of power and spatial relations. The example of EU member states from Central Europe (CE) that went from ‘star pupils of norm adoption’ to ‘misbehaving children of Europe’ serves as a case study. The research of literature treating CE countries as socialisees and international organisations (OSCE, NATO and EU) as socialisers shows two things. Firstly, it demonstrates that CE countries internalised norms even before they complied with norm-based rules, which challenges views that (under)socialisation was (is) an issue with these states. Secondly, it shows that non-compliance of the CE countries did not have much to do with non-acceptance of norms as such. It was rather related to hypersensitivity towards specific norms and rules in a context of multiple crises with asymmetric effects for the CE countries. In this process, the EU and CE used (non)compliance to reinforce their identities, thus creating stigma (the EU) and the attempt to resist it or even wear it as the source of pride (CE).

The power to gaslight

Gaslighting is a dysfunctional pattern of relating that destabilizes an individual’s sense of reality. Adopting a communication perspective, this study examined the relationship between gaslighting and interpersonal power dynamics. Participants ( N = 298) recalled a disagreement with a dating partner and provided measures of dependence power and their experience of gaslighting. Results were counter-theoretical, suggesting a curvilinear relationship between gaslighting and power. Specifically, individuals with low and high levels of power reported greater gaslighting than those with moderate power. Results suggest that tacit control attempts differ from overt control attempts in how they (re)produce relational hierarchy. The study underscores the importance of understanding relationship contexts in studying dysfunctional interpersonal dynamics.

ORDINAL ANALYSIS OF PARTIAL COMBINATORY ALGEBRAS

AbstractFor every partial combinatory algebra (pca), we define a hierarchy of extensionality relations using ordinals. We investigate the closure ordinals of pca’s, i.e., the smallest ordinals where these relations become equal. We show that the closure ordinal of Kleene’s first model is ${\omega _1^{\textit {CK}}}$ and that the closure ordinal of Kleene’s second model is $\omega _1$ . We calculate the exact complexities of the extensionality relations in Kleene’s first model, showing that they exhaust the hyperarithmetical hierarchy. We also discuss embeddings of pca’s.

International Political Authority: On the Meaning and Scope of a Justified Hierarchy in International Relations (Voelsen & Schettler, 2019)

Abstract This article is a review of a paper titled International political authority: on the meaning and scope of a justified hierarchy in international relations written by Daniel Voelsen and Leon Schettler. The growing power and authority of international organizations has been perceived by many as a sign of a new global order where the concept of sovereignty of the state is replaced with the constitutional principles of democracy, human rights and the rule of law. Recently, a tendency has been observed to consider international organizations as autonomous, legitimate institutions possessing political authority. However, it is rather challenging to find one and the complex understanding of political authority that encompasses all components that construct it. Voelsen and Schettler offer a detailed analysis of the concepts of international authority that are present in the literature and even criticize them. In this article, the conducted research is reviewed and scrutinized in detail.

Vertical Jumping for Legged Robot Based on Quadratic Programming.

The highly dynamic legged jumping motion is a challenging research topic because of the lack of established control schemes that handle over-constrained control objectives well in the stance phase, which are coupled and affect each other, and control robot’s posture in the flight phase, in which the robot is underactuated owing to the foot leaving the ground. This paper introduces an approach of realizing the cyclic vertical jumping motion of a planar simplified legged robot that formulates the jump problem within a quadratic-programming (QP)-based framework. Unlike prior works, which have added different weights in front of control tasks to express the relative hierarchy of tasks, in our framework, the hierarchical quadratic programming (HQP) control strategy is used to guarantee the strict prioritization of the center of mass (CoM) in the stance phase while split dynamic equations are incorporated into the unified quadratic-programming framework to restrict the robot’s posture to be near a desired constant value in the flight phase. The controller is tested in two simulation environments with and without the flight phase controller, the results validate the flight phase controller, with the HQP controller having a maximum error of the CoM in the x direction and y direction of 0.47 and 0.82 cm and thus enabling the strict prioritization of the CoM.

Graph-Enhanced Multi-Task Learning of Multi-Level Transition Dynamics for Session-based Recommendation

Session-based recommendation plays a central role in a wide spectrum of online applications, ranging from e-commerce to online advertising services. However, the majority of existing session-based recommendation techniques (e.g., attention-based recurrent network or graph neural network) are not well-designed for capturing the complex transition dynamics exhibited with temporally-ordered and multi-level interdependent relation structures. These methods largely overlook the relation hierarchy of item transitional patterns. In this paper, we propose a multi-task learning framework with Multi-level Transition Dynamics (MTD), which enables the jointly learning of intra- and inter-session item transition dynamics in automatic and hierarchical manner. Towards this end, we first develop a position-aware attention mechanism to learn item transitional regularities within individual session. Then, a graph-structured hierarchical relation encoder is proposed to explicitly capture the cross-session item transitions in the form of high-order connectivities by performing embedding propagation with the global graph context. The learning process of intra- and inter-session transition dynamics are integrated, to preserve the underlying low- and high-level item relationships in a common latent space. Extensive experiments on three real-world datasets demonstrate the superiority of MTD as compared to state-of-the-art baselines.

Physical activity and risk of sudden cardiac death in individuals at high risk for cardiovascular disease: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background:Regular physical exercise is recommended for lowering the risk of coronary events and all-cause mortality. However, there is a variety of exercise options, and their relative effectiveness and hierarchy remain unclear. Herein, we present a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol that aims to compare the impact of different types of physical activity on the risk of sudden cardiac death.Methods and analysis:English language articles reporting on randomized controlled trials will be searched in MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and PubMed databases by two reviewers. A snowball approach will be used for literature retrieval. Reviewers will independently screen the literature, extract data, evaluate study quality and risk of bias, and perform a meta-analysis. In the presence of heterogeneity, a random effects model will be used for meta-analysis; otherwise, a fixed effect model will be used.Ethics and dissemination:This study is a secondary analysis and does not require ethical review. The results of this study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, journals, and academic conferences and other forms of exchange.Systematic review registration number:INPLASY202140033

Daughters of the Revolution: Negotiating Filial Piety in Post-2011 Egypt

Abstract Based on interviews conducted in 2018 and 2019 with young middle-class Muslim Egyptians, this article demonstrates how a political event such as the Egyptian revolution of 2011 can cause a shift in family relations and notions of filial piety, especially for young women. I argue that the revolution gave my female interlocutors the ability to question aspects of the social and religious structures in which they grew up, including parental authority. I analyze in-depth the cases of three women who were disappointed in their parents’ use of the religious moral mandate of obedience to and respect for parents (birr al-wālidayn) to discourage their daughters from participating in what the women believed was a just, moral cause. This moral dissonance did not push the young women to resist their familial obligations or subvert relational hierarchies, but they have negotiated the parameters of their subordination to their parents, including how to be dutiful daughters.

Seeing «Race» through a Prism: Relational Socio-racial Hierarchies and Immigration

Public opposition to immigration is widespread and politically important. Yet our understanding of this phenomenon has suffered from a serious methodological shortcoming: it often employs aggregate measures of attitudes towards immigrants, which do not distinguish between different migrant groups. Few studies so far examine whether public preferences apply equally to all types of immigrants, or if public opinion distinguishes between social and ethno-racial groups. In one exception, however, ...

Traversing a Tightrope between Ecumenism and Exclusivism: The Intertwined History of South Africa’s Dutch Reformed Church and the Church of Central Africa Presbyterian in Nyasaland (Malawi)

During the first few decades of the 20th century, the Nkhoma mission of the Dutch Reformed Church of South Africa became involved in an ecumenical venture that was initiated by the Church of Scotland’s Blantyre mission, and the Free Church of Scotland’s Livingstonia mission in central Africa. Geographically sandwiched between these two Scots missions in Nyasaland (presently Malawi) was Nkhoma in the central region of the country. During a period of history when the DRC in South Africa had begun to regressively disengage from ecumenical entanglements in order to focus on its developing discourse of Afrikaner Christian nationalism, this venture in ecumenism by one of its foreign missions was a remarkable anomaly. Yet, as this article illustrates, the ecumenical project as finalized at a conference in 1924 was characterized by controversy and nearly became derailed as a result of the intransigence of white DRC missionaries on the subject of eating together with black colleagues at a communal table. Negotiations proceeded and somehow ended in church unity despite the DRC’s missionaries’ objection to communal eating. After the merger of the synods of Blantyre, Nkhoma and Livingstonia into the unified CCAP, distinct regional differences remained, long after the colonial missionaries departed. In terms of its theological predisposition, especially on the hierarchy of social relations, the Nkhoma synod remains much more conservative than both of its neighboring synods in the CCAP to the south and north. Race is no longer a matter of division. More recently, it has been gender, and especially the issue of women’s ordination to ministry, which has been affirmed by both Blantyre and Livingstonia, but resisted by the Nkhoma synod. Back in South Africa, these events similarly had an impact on church history and theological debate, but in a completely different direction. As the theology of Afrikaner Christian nationalism and eventually apartheid came into positions of power in the 1940s, the DRC’s Nkhoma mission in Malawi found itself in a position of vulnerability and suspicion. The very fact of its participation in an ecumenical project involving ‘liberal’ Scots in the formation of an indigenous black church was an intolerable digression from the normative separatism that was the hallmark of the DRC under apartheid. Hence, this article focuses on the variegated entanglements of Reformed Church history, mission history, theology and politics in two different 20th-century African contexts, Malawi and South Africa.

Quantum calculus of Fibonacci divisors and infinite hierarchy of Bosonic–Fermionic Golden quantum oscillators

Starting from divisibility problem for Fibonacci numbers, we introduce Fibonacci divisors, related hierarchy of Golden derivatives in powers of the Golden Ratio and develop corresponding quantum calculus. By this calculus, the infinite hierarchy of Golden quantum oscillators with integer spectrum determined by Fibonacci divisors, the hierarchy of Golden coherent states and related Fock–Bargman representations in space of complex analytic functions are derived. It is shown that Fibonacci divisors with even and odd [Formula: see text] describe Golden deformed bosonic and fermionic quantum oscillators, correspondingly. By the set of translation operators we find the hierarchy of Golden binomials and related Golden analytic functions, conjugate to Fibonacci number [Formula: see text]. In the limit [Formula: see text], Golden analytic functions reduce to classical holomorphic functions and quantum calculus of Fibonacci divisors to the usual one. Several applications of the calculus to quantum deformation of bosonic and fermionic oscillator algebras, [Formula: see text]-matrices, geometry of hydrodynamic images and quantum computations are discussed.

СКЛАДНЕ РЕЧЕННЯ – СВОЄРІДНЕ ГРАМАТИЧНЕ УТВОРЕННЯ

The article is dedicated to the consideration of a complex sentence from the semantic, communicative and grammatical point of view. The doctrine of a complex sentence is an important linguistic problem that needs to be finally resolved. Linguistic principles of teaching the syntax of a complex sentence are covered in the scientific theories of linguists: M Grecha, V. Beloshapkova, I. Vykhovanets, A. Grishchenko, S. Doroshenko, K. Shulzhuk and others. The study of the hierarchy of syntactic relations and semantic-syntactic relations between parts and components of a complex multicomponent sentence is important at the present stage of development of the syntax of a complex sentence. Syntax is given a central place in the grammatical system of language. The sentence is a central unit of syntax, which has long attracted the attention of scientists. Recently, problems of sentence meaning, linguistic and speech semantics have been of great interest in linguistics. Speech semantics is determined by the lexical meanings of the words that make up the sentence. There are a number of problems with sentence semantics. The semantic structure of a complex sentence has become the subject of a comprehensive study, the vast majority of linguists note the importance of studying a sentence in terms of its meaning, the interaction of semantic and formal structures. In the modern school, the concept of scientificity is determined primarily by the methodology of the science of language, which provides the formation of correct views on the material nature of the native language, its functions, the system of language, understanding the content and form of language. Only on this basis can a truly scientific school course of the Ukrainian language be created. In the educational process, the role of the native language in the formation of the student's personality is increasing. Of particular importance is the ability to independently replenish their knowledge of the language, to navigate in the rapid flow of new information.

IN SEARCH OF A “POSITIVELY EXCELLENT” HERO: PRINCE MYSHKIN BY F. M. DOSTOEVSKY AND SEGELIEL BY V. F. ODOEVSKY

The article analyzes the searches conducted by F. M. Dostoevsky and V. F. Odoevsky for a “positively excellent” hero. It compares the images of Prince Myshkin from The Idiot and the hero of the dramatic excerpt Segeliel, or Don Quixote of the XIX century. The similarity between these two characters is reflected as early as in the history of their creation. The authors hypothesize that in both cases an Easter archetype emerges behind the conscious or unconscious desire to substitute a grim and sinful character with a “positively excelent” one. Myshkin and Segeliel love the world with a compassionate, selfless and active love, but they are alien to other people, differ by their very nature and are aware of this otherness. The heroes do not accept the “earthly” hierarchy in relation to people, they are incomprehensible to others and are laughable from the point of view of “common sense.” At the same time, there are numerous differences between them. Segeliel is a spirit, but he is rational, he believes in laws and in science. Myshkin strives for a mystical experience of life. Failures lead Myshkin to humility, and Segeliel to rebellion. Dostoevsky’s hero seeks to flee from the world. Odoevsky’s hero wants to intervene in earthly affairs. Segeliel wants to remake the world without God. He does not believe in the Creator and repines against him. Segeliel’s throwings are reminiscent of the complex dialectic of good and evil, construed by rebels from Dostoevsky’s novels. At the same time, it is important to distinguish the positions of Segeliel and Odoevsky himself, who is not in complete agreement with his hero. Certain common motifs, i.e., those of childhood and foolishness for Christ, create parallels between Myshkin and Odoevsky, the character and the writer. The many intersections between the image of Segeliel, his author and the image of Prince Myshkin allow us to identify the cultural code that appears in the works of Russian writers who sought to find the earthly embodiment of truth, goodness and beauty in a rough physical shell, inevitably hindered by original sin.

Duality Hierarchies and Differential Graded Lie Algebras

The gauge theories underlying gauged supergravity and exceptional field theory are based on tensor hierarchies: generalizations of Yang-Mills theory utilizing algebraic structures that generalize Lie algebras and, as a consequence, require higher-form gauge fields. Recently, we proposed that the algebraic structure allowing for consistent tensor hierarchies is axiomatized by ‘infinity-enhanced Leibniz algebras’ defined on graded vector spaces generalizing Leibniz algebras. It was subsequently shown that, upon appending additional vector spaces, this structure can be reinterpreted as a differential graded Lie algebra. We use this observation to streamline the construction of general tensor hierarchies, and we formulate dynamics in terms of a hierarchy of first-order duality relations, including scalar fields with a potential.