Hidden Spaces Research Articles

Semantic Pre-Alignment and Ranking Learning With Unified Framework for Cross-Modal Retrieval

Cross-modal retrieval aims at retrieving highly semantic relevant information among multi-modalities. Existing cross-modal retrieval methods mainly explore the semantic consistency between image and text while rarely consider the rankings of positive instances in the retrieval results. Moreover, these methods seldom take into account the cross-interaction between image and text, which leads to the deficiency of learning their semantic relations. In this paper, we propose a Unified framework with Ranking Learning (URL) for cross-modal retrieval. The unified framework consists of three sub-networks, visual network, textual network, and interaction network. Visual network and textual network project the image feature and text feature into their corresponding hidden spaces respectively. Then, the interaction network forces the target image-text representation to align in the common space. For unifying both semantics and rankings, we propose a new optimization paradigm including pre-alignment for semantic knowledge transfer and ranking learning for final retrieval, which can decouple semantic alignment and ranking learning. The former focuses on the semantic pre-alignment optimized by semantic classification and the latter revolves around the retrieval rankings. For the ranking learning, we introduce a cross-AP loss which can directly optimize the retrieval metric average precision for cross-modal retrieval. We conduct experiments on four widely-used benchmarks, including Wikipedia dataset, Pascal Sentence dataset, NUS-WIDE-10k dataset, and PKU XMediaNet dataset respectively. Extensive experimental results show that the proposed method can obtain higher retrieval precision.

TESTING OF CLOSE-RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND LASER SCANNING FOR EASY DOCUMENTATION OF HISTORICAL OBJECTS AND BUILDINGS PARTS

In contemporary times, technology has dramatically simplified the process of documenting cultural heritage objects. This paper aims to illustrate modern methodologies for documenting historical monuments by applying advanced technologies, as these case studies show. Two technologies were used: laser scanning and digital photogrammetry. The first subject of our study was a historically significant 16th-century building located in Jachymov, situated in the North-West region of the Czech Republic. The object was documented by laser scanning (BLK360) and using a standard digital camera Canon Powershot SX230 HS. The laser scanning data were post-processed using Cyclone Register 360 Plus, while photogrammetric point clouds were generated with Agisoft Metashape. The second objects were a building and a sculpture in the historical UNESCO city of Telč; here laser scanning instruments, digital photogrammetry and a new one low-cost ViDoc documentation system were use. Our study is focused on analyzing the sets of point clouds obtained from the data processing, conducted using CloudCompare to draw insights and conclusions. It turns out that the rapid development of techniques and technology makes it possible to use low-cost devices for sufficiently accurate and fast documentation; however, the mentioned ViDOC device can only be used for very close and small objects up to about 5 meters. For the documentation of sculptures, classic close-range photogrammetry is especially appropriate; for the documentation of buildings, laser scanners are suitable; the problem here is with hidden spaces and it is often necessary to use either a platform or a combination with photogrammetry using a drone, especially for the upper parts of the object.

공동주택 단지 외부공간의 거주자 범죄불안감 저감을 위한 개선사항 분석

This study analyzed the actual condition of the external spaces of the apartment, and analyzed the residents' fear of crime, satisfaction, and utilization of these external spaces among residents to derive factors that need to be improved to reduce the residents’ fear of crime in external spaces of the apartment.
 The study found that fear of crime by external spaces is analyzed to be high in apartments where access control for outsiders was not actively controlled and where a large number of blocked or hidden spaces could occur. It is only necessary to improve overall satisfaction to reduce fear of crime by securing access control and territoriality and increasing natural surveillance in landscape dense spaces.
 In addition, it was analyzed that the higher the resident use rate of the external space of the apartment, the lower the fear of crime, so that the proper location and number of external spaces and facilities such as rest, exercise, and playgrounds are calculated and placed to strengthen accessibility and activity. It is necessary to come up with a plan to reduce the fear of crime about the external spaces of apartments.

Towards a hotel geopolitics of detention: Hidden spaces and landscapes of carcerality

Towards a hotel geopolitics of detention: Hidden spaces and landscapes of carcerality

Designing for student wellbeing: challenging assumptions about where our students learn

Student wellbeing has been foregrounded during the recent Covid-19 pandemic but this is broad brush and contested with different models being followed across the sector. One aspect of concern is the extent to which access to the technology institutions require students to use contributes to additional stress. A student survey (n=30) in one UK HEI revealed the ‘hidden spaces’ where students learn, and the findings indicate that the formal institutional Virtual Learning Environment (VLE), with its sophisticated learning analytics, did not fully capture the student experience. This work was followed up with a digital wellbeing survey (n=172) and, by drawing together the two datasets, we report on a more nuanced student experience. Initial findings indicate a schism between formal and informal spaces where students learn, especially within our institutional reporting of students working online. Examples include students using their own preferred tools such as WhatsApp, Trello, and Slack to communicate outside the formal channels; these behaviours thereby devalue the validity of the VLE datasets that student-facing staff are encouraged to use for decision-making. This paper offers insights into accessing and interpreting data in ways that are more useful for academics, learning developers, and learning designers, and suggests ways in which we can effectively frame student support by putting the ‘real’ student experience at the centre of our practice.

伊井蓉峰一座による『８１３』上演(1923)

This paper discusses 813 (1923) performed by Ii Yoho’s theatre company at the Hongoza (Hongo Theatre). This play is an adaptation of Maurice Leblanc’s detective novel, 813; however, some of the characters and settings have been replaced with Japanese alternatives, and some scenes have been omitted. Ii Yoho (1871–1932) is considered a leading actor of the Shinpa: a new theatre school known to be significantly different from traditional Kabuki, which was established in the Meiji era. He first appeared on stage at the Seibikan in 1891 and remained at the forefront of Shinpa until his death in 1932. His productions are considered to be influenced by Kabuki, exposing him significantly to the disdain of theatre critics. Consequently, Shinpa is now regarded as an imitation of Kabuki. Early-Shinpa was undoubtedly influenced by Kabuki; however, it sought its own unique style as well. Kawakami Otojiro (1864–1911), a leading actor of Early-Shinpa, is thought to have spent his life working on a style of theatre that differed from Kabuki. Predominantly for this reason, some researchers argue that Early-Shinpa and Shinpa should be classified as separate genres with different lineages. However, there are elements in the staging of 813 that suggest a continuity between Early-Shinpa and Shinpa. The first reason is that it is an adapted detective play. The early-Shinpa frequently staged detective plays based on newspaper reports of crimes and detective novels from the West. Such performances continued existing until the early Showa period. Ii Yoho also staged detective plays. The staging of 813, based on Leblanc’s detective novel, suggests that Ii adopted the performance of detective plays from Early-Shinpa; another reason is the use of spectacular stage design in its production. In the pre-production publicity, Ii had touted the newly designed stage set as a selling proposition of 813. The sets were equipped with devices such as trapdoors, lifts and hidden spaces, and a film was used to represent the big fire scene. These techniques were once the specialty of Kawakami Otojiro. In the staging of his 1894 trilogy of works Igai (meaning ‘unforeseen’), Mata-Igai and Mata-Mata-Igai, he utilized the latest technology of his time. Notably, the appearance of a full-scale locomotive on stage in Mata-Mata-Igai was applauded by the audience. It is thought that Ii’s attempt to attract audiences with the latest stage sets was greatly influenced by the work of Kawakami. In summary, the performance of 813 shows Shinpa still retains some of the characteristics of Early-Shinpa in the Taisho period.

Coastal Bodies and Childhood Memories: Exploring Baby Boomers' Gendered Memories of the Waterfront in Virac, Catanduanes

This work examines childhood memories of baby boomers in the municipality of Virac, Catanduanes Island (Philippines) to examine gender dynamics in Virac’s seascapes. Through drawing together Donna Haraway’s (1988) notion of partial perspectives and Frigga Haug’s (1987) memory-work, this article shows the entanglement between the fragmented memories of boomers and the gendered waterfront of Virac. Employing unstructured interviews, this work presents the meanings and imaginations of the waterfront beyond being economic and industrial spaces. Three relevant discussions emerged from this interest: first, the boomers’ narratives demonstrate how coastal femininities and masculinities are constructed in relation to bodies; second, in contrast to the masculine dismissal of emotions and desires, women’s emotion-bound memories show potentials in navigating the symbolic meanings of bodies in relation to Virac’s waterfront spaces; and third, memories recognise the past as a plurality of subjective meanings, with the waterfront as a relational space. These observations suggest that the waterfront and its contours work together to create remembered narratives that animate and shape Virac’s waterscapes. This work is an invitation to provoke further thoughts and engage in alternative methods in making visible hidden gendered processes in hidden spaces.

Open Sounds, Hidden Spaces: Listening, Wandering, and Literalism in Sufi Iran

AbstractLiteralism is often synonymous with the absence of critical thought, a black hole of interpretation where the word offers not inspiration but command. As one group of Iranian Nimatullahi Sufis demonstrated, however, this is not always the case. Based on ethnographic research, this article will demonstrate how these Iranian Sufis utilized literal interpretations of intentional listening (sama) and wandering (sargardan) to generate their own collective space, one marked by transience, materiality, and play. They did so by devising a unique method of convening their meetings. Rather than circulate an address, the mystics instructed the others to meet at an intersection and then broadcast music from an apartment to alert the members to the location. This in turn allowed them to locate the site by listening for and wandering to locate the sounds. The aesthetic experiences that accompanied the listening and wandering led to a listened-for Sufi soundscape in post-revolutionary Iran.

An Exploration of Narcan as a Harm Reduction Strategy and User's Attitudes toward Law Enforcement Involvement in Overdose Cases.

The street homeless, those who spend their nights either in shelters or unofficial camps, whether in tents on a street or in society’s hidden spaces such as beneath an overpass, face multiple challenges beyond finding a safe place to sleep. Of further concern is how official actions can worsen these situations, through day-to-day activities or planned intervention strategies. In this paper we explore how a planned intervention may be negatively perceived—even as a form of “structural violence”—and may prevent Narcan (naloxone) use to stop an overdose related death in the Skid Row of Los Angeles. Data for this study consisted of a combination of Spatial Video Geonarratives (SVGs) and 325 incident reports from the Homeless Health Care Los Angeles Center for Harm Reduction (HHCLA-HRC) between November 2014 and December 2015. Chi-square and simple logistic regression models were used to examine the association between fear-of-arrest and other covariates of interest. Mapping results are presented with different sets of shapefiles created for (1) all Narcan uses, (2) all homeless, (3) all homeless with a worry about being arrested, (4) all Narcan uses where an ambulance attended, (5) and the same as 4 but also with police attendance. In the multivariable model, the estimated adjusted odds of fear-of-arrest is over three times higher among Narcan users ages 30–39 when compared to users under the age of 30. Analyzing the association of calling 9-1-1 on Narcan user demographics, socio-contextual characteristics, and overdose victim demographics, the crude estimated probability of calling 9-1-1 for Narcan users aged 50 and older is nearly three times higher when compared to Narcan users aged 19–29. Conclusion: Results suggest that the fear-of-arrest and calling 9-1-1 during an overdose is still a concern among Narcan users despite protective legislation and access to harm reduction resources.

Hierarchical Detection of Network Anomalies : A Self-Supervised Learning Approach

With the increasing amount of Internet traffic, a significant number of network intrusion events have recently been reported. In this letter, we propose a network intrusion detection system that enables hierarchical detection based on self-supervised learning. The proposed solution consists of multiple stages of detection, including the early detection of extreme outliers, which may cause severe damage to the system. Furthermore, it performs thorough reexaminations using the hidden spaces with specialized anomaly scores, which leads to high detection accuracy. Extensive simulation results confirm that the proposed solution can preemptively detect 20 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\%$</tex-math></inline-formula> of abnormal data, thereby enabling a proactive response, and can detect 99 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\%$</tex-math></inline-formula> of abnormal data at the final stage.

Assessing the policy effects of political leaders: a layered framework

ABSTRACT How should political leaders be evaluated? This article reviews existing approaches and argues that they are insufficiently developed to map the more complex policy effects of political leaders, since they tend to focus on electoral and broader regime level outcomes. In response, it maps out a layered framework based on scientific realism. The layered approach argues that analysis should focus on the effects of leaders within societal structures, formal political institutions, the framing of policy problems as well as policy. The approach requires that we are sensitive to the structure and agency relationships between layers when identifying where leaders brought about policy and political change, as well as the effects on the international system and on other polities. It is proposed that the new approach will help to develop a more complete and nuanced understanding of the policy effects of leaders that will uncover their effects in hidden spaces as well as broader societal shifts.

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Flexible Characterization: Herstorical Performance in Heritage Sites

This article explores how performance and character can be used to represent the lives of real women in spaces of heritage. It focuses on two different site-specific performances created by the author in the South Ayrshire region of Scotland: CauseWay: The Story of the Alloway Suffragettes and In Hidden Spaces: The Untold Stories of the Women of Rozelle House. These were created with a practice-as-research methodology and aim to offer new models for the use of character in site-specific performance practice. The article explores the variety of methods and techniques used, including verbatim writing, spatial exploration, and Herstorical research, in order to demonstrate the ways in which women’s narratives were represented in a theoretically informed, site-specific manner. Drawing on Phil Smith’s mythogeography, and responding to Laurajane Smith’s work on gender and heritage, the conflicting tensions of identity, performance, and authenticity are drawn together to offer flexible characterization as a new model for the creation of feminist heritage performance. Victoria Bianchi is a theatre-maker and academic in the School of Education at the University of Glasgow. Her work explores the relationship between space, feminism, and identity. She has written and performed work for the National Trust for Scotland, Camden People’s Theatre, and Assembly at Edinburgh, among other institutions.

Hidden Spaces: Treatment of an Occult Utero-Vaginal Septum

Study Objective To describe the unique presentation and surgical management of a complete utero-vaginal septum. Design Video case report. Setting Tertiary care academic medical center. Patients or Participants We present a 25-year-old G2P0020 who is referred for evaluation after imaging and clinical examination revealed conflicting information. She was initially seen by her local provider for menorrhagia. Locally, an ultrasound revealed a septate uterus and examination under anesthesia with hysteroscopy noted a single vagina and cervix with a unicornuate uterus. Due to incongruous findings, she was referred for evaluation. Interventions Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), examination under anesthesia, vaginal surgery and operative hysteroscopy. Measurements and Main Results MRI identified a complete utero-vaginal septum with a single septate cervix. Vaginal gel was used to define vaginal anatomy and gel was noted to fill the right hemivagina, while none noted on the left. Examination under anesthesia revealed an imperforate hymen with a small opening on the left as the cause for confusion in the clinical presentation. A hymenectomy was performed followed by guided surgical management of a complete utero-vaginal septum, unicollis. Conclusion Presentation of mullerian anomalies are often complex and anatomic variations in commonly described anomalies make misdiagnoses common. Advanced imaging with use of MRI with vaginal gel or 3-dimensional ultrasonography and detailed examination are often helpful. Differentiating between unicollis and bicollis presentations in complete utero-vaginal septum cases is an important distinction during surgical management.

El Camarín de la Virgen del Prado en la Catedral de Ciudad Real

Entre los tipos arquitectónicos del barroco español, el camarín es uno de los espacios de mayor calado dentro de la arquitectura eclesiástica. La devoción inculcada por el Concilio de Trento a la Virgen María y su constante equiparación con la realeza, serán los motivos que justifiquen la suntuosidad de estas cámaras sacras. Un lugar de gran trascendencia en el que lo divino y lo humano se fusionan a través de la riqueza de sus materiales constructivos y lo misterioso de estos recónditos espacios que se encuentran dentro de los templos. En este estudio nos centraremos en el caso del camarín de la Patrona de Ciudad Real, la Virgen del Prado que, aunque es uno de los grandes desconocidos dentro de los icónicos camarines que encontramos en la geografía española, sin duda, es uno de los más relevantes de la región en la que se encuentra. Junto al análisis formal de su arquitectura y su contextualización, tanto conceptual como espacial, procederemos a adentrarnos en su historia y hacer un recorrido por la bibliografía, desde los primeros datos conocidos, hasta los estudios más recientes, serán los objetivos de este estudio.

Hidden spaces: treatment of an occult uterovaginal septum

To describe the unique presentation and surgical management of a complete uterovaginal septum. Video case report. Tertiary care academic medical center. A 25-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 0-0-2-0, referred for evaluation after imaging and clinical examination revealed conflicting information. She was initially seen by her local provider for menorrhagia. Locally an ultrasound revealed a septate uterus, and examination under anesthesia with hysteroscopy noted a single vagina and cervix with a unicornuate uterus. Due to incongruous findings, she was referred for evaluation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), examination under anesthesia, vaginal surgery, and operative hysteroscopy. The MRI identified a complete uterovaginal septum with a single septate cervix. Vaginal gel was used to define vaginal anatomy, and the gel was noted to fill the right hemivagina with none noted on the left. Examination under anesthesia revealed an imperforate hymen with a small opening on the left as the cause for confusion in the clinical presentation. A hymenectomy was performed followed by guided surgical management of a complete uterovaginal septum, unicollis. The patient was discharged home the same day of surgery. Presentation of müllerian anomalies are often complex, and anatomic variations in commonly described anomalies make misdiagnoses common. Advanced imaging with use of MRI with vaginal gel or three-dimensional ultrasonography and detailed examination are often helpful. Differentiating between unicollis and bicollis presentations in complete uterovaginal septum cases is an important distinction during surgical management.

Role of otoendoscope as a preoperative tool in tympanoplasty

&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is one of the common causes for hearing impairment and disability. Despite continuous technical improvement, the basic optical principles and their limitations have remained the same over the past three decades. This study aimed at visualizing and evaluating the middle ear structures with the aid of 0 and 30-degree otoendoscopes preoperatively in cases of chronic suppurative otitis media.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In this prospective study, 70 patients (40 females and 30 males) above the age of 10 years with CSOM were subjected to otoendoscopy using 0- and 30-degree endoscopes. The various middle ear structures and hidden spaces like facial recess, sinus tympani, hypotympanum were visualized preoperatively. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Middle ear structures and blind niches were better evaluated preoperatively using 0 and 30-degree otoendoscopes and a definitive operative plan was formulated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; Otoendoscopy provided a significant better visualization of all the middle ear structures and various hidden spaces.&lt;/p&gt;

Transport of indoor aerosols to hidden interior spaces

Most studies on indoor aerosols have focused on the open spaces within buildings that are visible to occupants, while the hidden spaces in buildings receive much less attention. Indeed, little is k...

The Subaltern Speak- A Study On The Culture Of The Arunachalis With Special Reference To Mamang Dai’s The Legends Of Pensam

North- East India is an under veiled region with an awe-inspiring landscape, different groups of ethnic people, their culture and heritage. Contemporary writers from this region aspire towards a vision outside the tapered ethnic channel, and they represent a shared history. In their writings, the cultural memory is showcased, and the intensity of feeling overflows the labour of technique and craft. Mamang Dai presents a rare glimpse into the ecology, culture, life of the tribal people and history of the land of the dawn-lit mountains, Arunachal Pradesh, through her novel The Legends of Pensam. The word ‘Pensam’ in the title means ‘in-between’, but it may also be interpreted as ‘the hidden spaces of the heart’. This is a small world where anything can happen. Being adherents of the animistic faith, the tribes here believe in co-existence with the natural world along with the presence of spirits in their forests and rivers. This paper attempts to draw an insight into the culture and gender of the Arunachalis with special reference to The Legends of Pensam by Mamang Dai.

Transdisciplinarity at the Boundaries: Exploring a Sylvan Metaphor for Health

Transdisciplinarity is an action-oriented intellectual and ethical endeavor to address complex ecological, economic, and political challenges that humans face. Language is viewed as a powerful tool for necessary cultural change. Blending art and science looking for the difficult to define but critically important hidden spaces between apparently rigid conceptual structures is a core of transdisciplinarity. Metaphor is a particular powerful tool for examining boundaries and developing creative blends of structures and processes. Forests are biologically and culturally critical to life on the planet. In this paper we explore, a performance character named Sylvanus, the Tree Doctor, named after the Roman god of forests and boundaries. We consider the importance of intergenerational learning as a process for deeper reflection on human responsibility over time. Transdisciplinarity is energized by intergenerativity and collective wisdom. Systemic and holistic conceptions of health will be essential for the survival and reinvention of human civilization in better balance with planetary ecosystems.