Heritage Studies Research Articles

Building Silver Bridges: Paranormal Apparitions, Settler Heritage, and Indigenous Erasure in the Ohio River Valley

"Paranormal heritage" is contested and should be understood as bridging conceptual divides within dark heritage studies and settler colonial studies. Through historic/fictitious narratives, regional legends, and fortean research this article examines paranormal heritage in the Ohio River Valley, connected to the cryptozoological figure of Mothman, as a continued weaving of settler heritage. Using decolonial and Indigenous theory, it argues that through weaving certain paranormal heritages Indigenous stories and landscapes are usurped, and Indigenous Peoples and Title are erased to ‘indigenize’ settler populations. Paranormal settler heritages require attention for their role in the logic of elimination and settler moves to innocence.

What Actually Is a Heritage Conservation Area? A Management Critique Based on a Systematic Review of New South Wales (Australia) Planning Documents

While the community of Australian planning professionals is familiar with the identification, interpretation and application of heritage conservation areas, this is not a concept that is familiar to the general public. Yet, none of the official publications issued by the New South Wales state heritage authorities provide a definition of the purpose of heritage conservation areas that goes beyond the declaring them to be a spatially bounded area containing heritage items. It is left to the local planning authorities to provide their own interpretations and definitions. This paper provides a systematic review of the definitions contained in NSW local heritage studies and planning documents. It presents the first ever comprehensive definition of the purpose of heritage conservation areas as well as of the nature and characteristics of an area’s constituent, contributory or detracting components. Based on this, the paper then explores the role of heritage conservation areas as part of the public heritage domain focussing on the importance of isovists and commensurate curtilages when discussing permissible alterations and new developments.

Urbino belonging: Exploring place-based community heritage with digital & participatory methods

ABSTRACT What we understand and choose as heritage is a question rooted in our individual and collective notions of identity and feelings of community. Critical heritage studies highlight the links between heritage and recognition, emotions, and the everyday lives of people and communities. We introduce a methodology for a digitally facilitated and participatory study of place-based community heritage. Inspired by Participatory Data Design and Photovoice methodologies, the Urban Belonging App enables participants to communicate phenomenological aspects of urban spaces by sharing, signifying, and evaluating pictures of familiar places in the city. A quali-quantitative analysis of the app’s data best exploits its multi-dimensionality: the characteristic of being both countable and measurable and semantically rich and relational. The case study illustrates how the methodology is used to study community heritage in an exploratory and descriptive way. Most valued and recognised heritage places, as well as less conventional understandings of heritage in Urbino, Italy, are identified. Two participants show how heritage differently embeds with everyday experiences, memories, and feelings of community. Its adaptability and ability to capture the contested and phenomenological nature of heritage and to operationalise complex definitions of community qualify the methodology to enable systematic research on bottom-up, situated heritage values.

Point Cloud-Based Historical Building Information Modeling (H-BIM) in Urban Heritage Documentation Studies

Integrating building information modeling (BIM) technology into historical and cultural heritage structures has resulted in historic building information modeling (H-BIM), an effective method for managing and documenting invaluable historical artifacts. H-BIM has the potential to aid with the design, restoration, and maintenance activities of historical buildings by properly integrating parametric data and deliberately assessing semantic information, thus progressing the 3D model’s performance. H-BIM also aims to conduct cultural heritage (CH) studies in a systematic manner by combining 3D modeling techniques and information management. The first step in this process is to conduct a suitable geomatic survey to build accurate 3D models. The most efficient modeling method is to employ 3D point cloud data that are acquired using the terrestrial laser scanning method. This study proposes a manual modeling strategy for urban historical buildings that falls within the scope of the H-BIM methodology. The proposed modeling strategy follows a workflow that inserts point cloud data into the BIM environment in order to create a 3D urban cultural heritage model using ontologies applied with the H-BIM methodology. With this objective in mind, the H-BIM model development platform Revit was used to model the object elements of the inheritance structure in 3D and save them in the BIM library. It is very important to model building elements separately in 3D modeling studies. The resulting BIM product sheds light on fundamental data for the future planning, design, operation, and maintenance processes of the building. Users can obtain data suitable for H-BIM by adding graphical and non-graphical data.

The contested shift to a bicultural understanding of place heritage in Aotearoa New Zealand

ABSTRACT This article explores contemporary threads in the heritage history of Aotearoa New Zealand, as we witness in real-time the emergence of alternative narratives of Indigenous heritage, in contrast to those of Western dominated modernity and colonial hegemony. Moves to actively decolonise heritage studies is creating shifts in the bicultural understanding of culture and heritage to overtly include place heritage. As this new framing emerges, wider acknowledgement of the significance of Māori heritage landscapes is growing. This is explored here in a series of four case-studies. Each account illustrates how Indigenous Māori voices have gained momentum, and reinforces how Aotearoa New Zealand is transitioning to greater bicultural appreciation through inclusion, changes in social and cultural conventions, and new interpretations of dominant narratives using tools like critical heritage studies and existing legal conventions. This evolution of heritage values is not without repeated contestation, however. Positively, increasing numbers of settler-Pākehā (non-Māori) as well as those colonised, no longer believe or accept the histories previously told. Much needed, robust, and sometimes difficult discussions are taking place, enabling New Zealanders to reconsider the significance of what heritage means to all its people.

Tourists’ perceived destination image and heritage conservation intention: a comparative study of heritage and film-induced images

研究目标位于中国广东省的开平碉楼是联合国教科文组织认证的世界文化遗产, 并经常被用作电影拍摄地。本研究调查了影响开平碉楼影视旅游游客的遗产保护行为的前因。本研究采用刺激-有机体-反应 (SOR) 理论的概念, 探究电影和遗产所诱发的目的地形象、游客的感知真实性和目的地依恋, 对游客遗产保护意图的影响。研究设计和研究方法本研究共回收 391 份有效问卷, 并使用基于协方差的结构方程模型来检验研究假设。发现实证结果表明, 电影和遗产诱导的目的地形象都直接影响游客的遗产保护意愿。此外, 游客的感知真实性和目的地依恋完全中介了目的地形象与保护意愿之间的关系。但是在遗产目的地形象的模型中, 感知真实性和目的地依恋的串行多重中介效应不显着。独创性研究结果有助于通过目的地形象、感知真实性和目的地依恋来理解游客的遗产保护意图。本研究丰富了关于目的地形象建设和遗产保护的文献, 并对遗产旅游和遗产保护的可持续发展以及遗产地的营销产生了积极影响。

Philosophy and Intercultural Communication: The Phenomenon of a Human Being in the Confucian Tradition

Purpose. This paper aims to investigate the phenomenon of a human being within the Confucian tradition as well as its interpretations from intercultural perspective. Theoretical basis. One of the ways to understand the deepest level of the intercultural dialogue is to reveal the interpretations of a human being in philosophical traditions, since they refer to the formation of personality and identity within a given culture including interpersonal, intergroup, and intercultural relations. Humanism based on the unity of Human and Heaven runs like a red thread through the philosophical teachings of Confucius, Mencius, Xunzi, Zhu Xi, Wang Yangming defining the ideas of human nature, his/her duties, his/her place and roles in society that shaped the Chinese mentality. Originality. Quite often, Chinese concepts (for example, human dignity beyond the ideas of democracy and mass political participation, guanxi, mianzi) are incomprehensible to the representatives of the Western civilization, which leads to the challenges in intercultural communication. The interpretation of these ideas in the context of Confucianism allows to understand them from the perspective of Others and expand the set of patterns of cultural perception. This ultimately leads to the awareness that there are many social, political, cultural realities, which we perceive through the lens of our own concepts and attitudes. The participants of an intercultural dialogue realize that each of them has a unique experience, own way of posing a problem and resolving it, and no one is better or worse. Conclusions. Confucian philosophy shaped the worldview of Chinese people, defined values, goals, meanings, attitudes, communication models, which affected all spheres of Chinese life and culture. The study of the philosophical heritage of the great Chinese civilization enhances the cultural competence of the intercultural communicators and expands the field of dialogue to the level of global communication.

Historical aspects of natural-ecological research on the territory of modern NNP “Podilski Tovtry” (the late XIX — early XX century)

A retrospective study of the scientific heritage dedicated to the study of nature in the territory of the modern National Natural Park (NNP) “Podilski Tovtry” was carried out. The initial information used was: historical facts recorded in chronicles and other written documents; archival statistical information, modern literary sources (monographs, articles, reference books, etc.), which give an idea of the natural-resource, ecological, economic, cultural, intellectual, etc., potential of the studied territory. The contribution of scientists in the late 19th and early 20th centuries was analyzed. The development of the ecological scientific movement in the territory of the park is characterized. Historical aspects and directions of natural science research of the late 19th and first half of the 20th centuries in the territory of the modern National Natural Park “Podilski Tovtry” are considered on the basis of the analysis of literary and archival sources, facts historical events recorded in chronicles and other written documents. The main events in scientific life of the period studied are analyzed: the creation of scientific societies, a botanical garden and research stations. Scientific and popular science publications of the time were considered. The works of outstanding scientists and naturalists are described. It was found that not only various botanical, zoological and geological studies were carried out, but also the interaction between organisms and the environment, dependence on geographical location and climatic conditions, various aspects of anthropogenic impact on natural ecosystems and the consequences of such influence. It was concluded that the active beginning of ecological research in the area the active beginning of environmental research in this territory was laid during the 19th century and first half of the 20th centuries. The collection, systematization, generalization and analysis of natural research data, which provided a reliable basis for future scientific ecological research, is the merit of the nature researchers of the NNP “Podilski Tovtry” of the late 19th and the first half of the XX centuries

Postsocialist Statuary Politics in Romania and Bulgaria: An Ambivalent Socialist Heritage

AbstractUsing an approach situated at the intersection of cultural memory studies and (critical) heritage studies, with a focus on the ambivalent socialist heritage of socialist statues and monuments and their changing role in postsocialist public spaces, this article engages with the postcommunist strategies of reckoning with the past in Romania and Bulgaria in the period 1990–2020. Comparing the kinds of monumental memory of communism that were established in these countries, the author discusses how each dealt with their ambivalent socialist heritage through a public memory policy comprising three combined strategies: removal; preservation; and the replacement of communist heroes with anticommunist counter-monuments. The author concludes that stances toward the socialist heritage manifest various tensions in terms of the types of statues that were removed or, alternately, allowed to remain; of the opposition between local and national decisions as well as between the official approach and citizens’ perspectives; and, finally, of aesthetic versus political criteria.

MULTI-SCALE AND MULTI-SENSOR APPROACHES FOR THE PROTECTION OF CULTURAL NATURAL HERITAGE: THE ISLAND OF SANTO SPIRITO IN VENICE

Abstract. The study of Cultural Natural Heritage (CNH) requires the development of multi-disciplinary and multi-scale methodologies for data recording, representation, and correlation from various platforms such as terrestrial, aerial and satellite sensors. The heterogeneity of geo-databases currently available demands on-site validation and time monitoring to control the phenomena related to climate change that inevitably affect the Cultural Heritage (CH). The pressures stressing the territorial dimension due to climatic changes lead to the decrease of essential resources and burden on the CH. To overcome the lack of information needed at various territorial scales, it becomes necessary to construct detailed and dynamic cognitive frameworks. This paper establishes a multitemporal information framework regarding the case study area, the Island of Santo Spirito in Venice, using several geomatic techniques to investigate the island's ecological significance and constructed heritage. The suggested methodology uses the integration of multitemporal data resulting from the processing of satellite images provided by the Copernicus satellites (Sentinel-2) and data from geomatic documentation techniques. Two separate methods were used in the survey operations: a Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) and aerial photogrammetry from Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles (UAV) survey. The integration of satellite, aerial, and terrestrial data has allowed a complete knowledge of the necessary parameters for the monitoring of the CH of the area. In order to manage conservative policy from a preventive perspective and to recreate and digitally visualize missing historical phases, programmed monitoring is a crucial instrument.

LITERARY-ARTISTIC ANTHROPONYMS IN FAIRY TALES

Our research is devoted to the study of the literary heritage of Vasyl Sukhomlynskyi, in particular literary and artistic anthroponyms. We determined the aspects that are dominant in the formation of the literary and artistic anthroponymicon of Vasyl Sukhomlynskyi. Anthroponyms are an important element of an artistic work, as they contribute to the creation of an artistic image, help to realize the authorʼs worldview. Proper names are included in the universal categories of artistic text. The writerʼs work on the anthroponymic space of the artistic text involves the selection of own names from the real world or the creation of new names based on known models. Proper names help the reader to better perceive the artistic text, decipher the authorʼs intention. Nowadays, linguists are increasingly interested in proper names in literary texts, as evidenced by numerous scientific studies. LHA in the literary works of Vasyl Sukhomlynskyi are carefully selected, ensure the realism and veracity of the created images. In the analyzed texts, 41 literary and artistic anthroponyms were identified, which, in addition to the nominative function, also perform a localization, sociological, characteristic, expressive and evaluative function, and also determine the authorʼs attitude to the character. The work revealed that the localization function is manifested in the fact that the author chooses Christian names for the characters – children of peasants, hardworking people, with pronounced character traits, reproducing Ukrainian traditions as much as possible Vasyl Sukhomlynskyiʼs works represent a variety of subjects and plots, constitute an inseparable artistic whole, testify to the authorʼs unique idiostyle, which is particularly reflected in his own titles. The peculiarities of research and analysis of artistic anthroponymy are revealed in the fact that linguists study the anthroponymy of an artistic text, focusing on peopleʼs proper names, their origin, structure, frequency of use, social and national characteristics. Scientists draw attention to the incompleteness and openness of the classification model of literary and artistic onyims, offering their own classifications of anthroponyms. In addition to the study of the structure of the Ukrainian onomasticon with the division of the anthroponymicon, scientists classify LHA according to the functional and stylistic load. Key words: onomastics, anthroponyms, literary and artistic anthroponyms, linguistics.

Heterogeneity of residents’ heritage responsibilities in the process of cultural communication: the case of the Genglubu heritage site in Tanmen, China

ABSTRACT Heritage responsibility in cultural communication has gotten minimal scholarly study and may face additional challenges as a result of discourses of heritage dissonance. Through the lens of the combination of critical heritage studies and communication science on a sample of residents in the heritage site of Genglubu, Tanmen, China, this study critically analyses the heterogeneity of residents’ heritage responsibilities in the process of heritage cultural communication (divided into two dimensions: environmental and psychological), under the interaction between the official discourse and vernacular discourse. Combined with 284 respondents’ questionnaires and 65 in-depth interviews, this study has shown that: (a) residents were exposed to Genglubu heritage culture primarily through communication space, followed by media space and physical space; (b) four groups of residents were identified using two-step cluster analysis. In order of numbers, they were heritage value approvers, indifferents, qualified heritage protectors, and active heritage protectors. We argue that heritage practices dominated by authorised heritage discourse (AHD) suppress community voices. Although most Tanmen residents recognise heritage value, they fail to benefit from it, resulting in a lack of heritage responsibility. The findings of this study may provide some insights into how to ensure effective community involvement in heritage conservation.

THE NATURALNESS OF SEXUALITY AS THE TECHNIQUE OF SEDUCTION IN THOMAS CAREW’S POETIC NARRATION

The article under consideration focuses on the study of the poetic heritage by one of the prominent representatives of the English literary tradition of the XVIIth century, a leading Cavalier-poet Thomas Carew with special emphasis on the stylistic peculiarity of his erotic discourse. Being restricted by the social norms and behavioral patterns of the court poet still found his own manner of seduction which won him a reputation of the wit of his time and a real libertine. In order to make a sexual appeal less overt the narrator using his erudition and sense of humor tries to demonstrate the naturalness of sexual intercourse, depicting the pleasures of flesh as an integral constituent of the circle of life, the law of Nature. Seducing a lady the narrator appears to contradict the Platonic tradition, being quite tough and stating that courting and complimenting a Lady in a traditional knight manner does not make any sense and a man should not feel inferior to a woman, instead threatening her that her beauty is not for long and thus the lovers are to use their time following the motto of the epoch “carpe diem”. Even the biblical allusions are to prove the naturalness of sexuality being only the frightening background for the lovers who follow their instincts and thus find their own paradise.

A Conservation and Material Study of the Fire-fighting Nozzle Culture Heritage

Fire-fighting culture heritage refer to tangible items and materials that contain stories related to fire-fighting. Among the fire-fighting items, the nozzles, which play a large part in extinguishing fires, are of great conservation value because few of them are left as culture heritage. In this study, conservation treatment was performed while observing the surface and corrosion state of two nozzle culture heritage used for fire-fighting. The processes were recorded by reflectance transformation imaging technique. In addition, the material characteristics were examined through observation of surface microstructure and component analysis of a total of 3 samples, including 2 of these relics and 1 of recently produced nozzle. As a result, it was confirmed that most of the rust on the nozzle surface was atacamite, and that nantokite remained partially. The base metal of the nozzle was presumed to be red brass among the types of brass, considering that it contains Cu as the main element, 2 to 15% of Zn, 5% or less of Sn, and 8% or less of Pb as additional alloying elements. In addition, the crystal segregation did not disappear and the solid solution was generated as a heterogeneous dendrite, indicating that the brass casting used as a fire nozzle was rapidly cooled.

Analysis of the systematic conservation of China's petroleum industrial heritage: a case study and analysis of the petroleum industrial heritage in Daqing

After a century of development, China's petroleum industry has introduced numerous and various petroleum industrial heritage elements, which collectively embody the value and significance of China's petroleum industrial heritage. Currently, all levels of government departments are trying to protect petroleum industrial heritage, but only limited heritage types and elements of the petroleum industry are included in official conservation lists, which is not conducive to the systematic conservation of China's petroleum industrial heritage. To achieve the systematic conservation of China's petroleum industrial heritage, this study introduced a global petroleumscape research method, taking the petroleum industrial heritage of China's Daqing Oil Field as the research object, and conducted a typological and spatiotemporal historical analysis of all the heritage elements in this oilfield. The results revealed that the current conservation of China's petroleum industrial heritage focuses on the industrial remains formed by the flow of petroleum materials but rarely on the remains formed by the flow of petroleum capital. Additionally, some common characteristics were observed in the overall spatiotemporal pattern of the petroleum industrial heritage, and these characteristics are closely related to the spatial distribution of petroleum resources, oilfield development strategy, dimension of urban areas, and urban development mode. Finally, this paper highlights several future research topics on the subsequent systematic conservation of China's petroleum industrial heritage and provides some reference value for the future systematic conservation of China's petroleum industrial heritage.

Narodniks about Russian Statehood in the Context of the Revolutionary Events in the Twentieth Century

The article is devoted to the study of the ideological heritage of the national non-governmental public thought. In modern historiography, historians have not come to a single definition of narodnichestvo (populism). The Maxist-Leninist methodology and modernisation theory in the study do not allow us to identify the peculiarities of the transformation of state power in Russia. The authors of the article, having studied program documents, letters and memoirs of public figures of Russia, determine the specifics of the development of Russian statehood in the crisis situation of the twentieth century. The Marxist group, in order to seize power in the country, promised to implement the agrarian and political programs of the narodniks (Russian: “Populists”). The development of the Russian state has always been determined by solving the problem of interaction between the state and the people. Political changes in Russian society consistently reproduce the previous principles of governance. However, in the historical process, the vertical relationship between the state and the people is naturally transformed into a horizontal space. The task is to study the historical experience of building interactions between the state, the center of political power and the people.

ECO-INTEGRATIVE TERRITORIAL EVOCATION BY EMERGING NEW ARCHITECTURAL ECO-CLIMATIC STYLE

In this research work, the interest is directed towards the evocation of innovative neo-architectural dynamics in the Tunisian south-east territory, through an eco-integrative approach and the production of new eco-climatic architectural styles, based on the natural and cultural wealth of the Tunisian territory, authentic and revolutionary, yet marginalized and restricted, giving rise to reactions to the question that arises: “Is the situation of the vernacular heritage in the Tunisian south-east the direct result of a lack of vernacular heritage potential knowledge lack or of a modernist, restricted and reductive architectural production?” A multi-scale architectural study of rustic heritage has been developed, including a morpho-metric study, the analysis of hygrothermal diagrams produced in situ as well as the measurement of temperature and humidity inside the spaces. Neotroglodytic architecture, allows to highlight the intelligible integration of this new architectural mode in the mineral and arid desert landscape and to detect the aspect of an ecological and sustainable architecture, offering a humble, comfortable and welcoming intra-spatial atmosphere. Otherwise, in southeastern Tunisia, diagnostics have shown that rural villages, partially occupied and exploited in an anarchic manner, are subject to real dangers that threaten their survival in the Saharan territory, considered a difficult area. Direct consequences of an unsuitable development process, these historic works are perceived as static in the face of a dynamic social process, which has led to the gradual increase in their abandonment rates. Similarly, a disfigurement of the rustic landscape results from poor adaptation due to the standardized reproduction of architectural styles “in search of modernity”. The new troglodyte modes present a versatile and capacitive cultural potential. The manifestation of cultural and spatial wealth thus emerges, with the lasting potential of constituting a vector of cultural transition for the territorial development of southeastern Tunisia.

Incorporating Heritage Studies in Secondary School History Curriculum: A South African Perspective

Incorporating Heritage Studies in Secondary School History Curriculum: A South African Perspective

Heritage-making in the capitalocene: deconstructing fishing heritage and regeneration in an English fishing port

ABSTRACT This paper investigates how heritage-led regeneration has mediated the reconfiguration of North Shields Fish Quay. North Shields is a town in the North East of England, once home to among Britain’s largest deep-sea trawling fleets. Following the collapse of the trawling industry in the late twentieth century, ongoing fisheries crisis, and undelivered Brexit promises, fishing heritage has become valued as a tool for social and economic development. However, this deployment of heritage generates both opportunities and threats. Situated between contemporary archaeology and critical heritage studies, this paper employs archaeological ethnography and critical discourse analysis to examine the material and discursive unfolding of heritage-led regeneration at North Shields Fish Quay. I situate heritage-making in the Capitalocene and argue that heritage-led regeneration represents a capitalist response to capitalism-induced crisis. By foregrounding the long-term exploitation and alienation of fishing communities, and their physical and social separation from the landscape, this paper demonstrates that heritage-led regeneration profits from, perpetuates and obscures these abuses.

Preservation of the traditional culture of the Cossacks in the scientific and creative priorities of the Department of Folk Singing and Ethnomusicology of the Saratov State Conservatory named after L. V. Sobinov

The article is devoted to the 55-year activity of the Department of Folk Singing and Ethnomusicology of the Saratov State Conservatory named after L. V. Sobinov. The focus is on one of the directions in the scientific and creative priorities of the department – the study and preservation of the traditional song heritage in the culture of the Cossacks. The author gives an excursion into the history of the study of musical folklore and the creation of a new specialty "head of a folk choir" at an academic university. The article highlights the role of prominent figures-folklorists associated with the study of the Cossack song tradition and the formation of the science of ethnomusicology at the Saratov State Conservatory – A.M. Listopadov, L.L. Christiansen, A.S. Yareshko. The article summarizes some results of the research, publishing, concert, creative and educational work of teachers and students of the Department of folklore research of the Cossack regions of Russia. The author also refers to the archive of audio recordings and theses with song notations in order to identify the earliest recordings of folklore expeditions to the Cossack regions of the Saratov Volga region, analyzing the musical, poetic and performing style of song folklore. When writing this article, the following art criticism methods were used – comparative historical (comparative) and musical-analytical research methods. Despite the fact that the Cossack song tradition has not been revealed in the territory of the modern Saratov Volga region in the form of a formed musical and ethnographic phenomenon, there are persistent stable indigenous signs characteristic of the Cossack song culture in local manifestations: both a set of song genres and characteristic musical-poetic and vocal-performing features of the Don Cossacks singing style: specific features of folk speech, diphthongs, word breaks, "entrances"-glissandings from below to the main sound, a special phonetic structure of vocal speech. Similar genre, musical style and performance features of the song folklore of the Cossack tradition in the recordings of the 70s and 80s of the twentieth century are found locally as residual phenomena. Later archival records in this region demonstrate the all-Russian late urban tradition. There are many reasons for this: both the influence of mass pop culture and the result of the lack of social ties between generations of different ages, continuity within the family, within singing groups and the "blurring" of the indigenous population by immigrants from different regions.