Herba-alba Extract Research Articles

Estimation of anticancer effect of methanolic extract of Artemisia herba alba on human cancer cell lines

Artemisia (Asteraceae family) has been reported to possess different bioactive phytochemicals including phenols, sesquiterpene lactones and flavonoids. The aim of this study was to estimate the anti-proliferative activity of the methanolic extract of Artemisia herba alba using in vitro assays on two of human cancer cell lines compared with the normal cell lines. The obtained results indicated that A.herba alba extract showed highly cytotoxic and anti-proliferative effects on tested human cancer cells as revealed by measuring viable mitochondrial oxidation of [3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay] (MTT assay). The observed (-IC50-) or the half-maximal inhibitory concentration of A. herba alba extract in the human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) was 50.34 μg/ml, while in the lung cancer cell line (A549) it was 29.23 μg/ml. In contrast, the normal liver cells (THLE2) as well as lung normal cells showed very low sensitivity toward tested extract where the IC50 were 1250μg/ml and 1915 μg/ml, respectively. However, flow cytometric analysis for cell cycle using propidium iodide staining revealed increment of G2/M phase cell cycle arrest after treatment of HepG2 cells with A. herba alba extract. At the molecular level, the quantitative real time-PCR technique was used to investigate the alteration of gene expression after exposure of HepG2 cell line to A. herba alba extract by measuring levels of mRNA for p53, Bax, and Bcl-2 genes expression. The apoptotic mechanism was activated by the crude extract of A. herba alba extract included up-regulation of p53 and Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2 expression levels. However, no cytotoxic effect was recorded after exposure of normal cell lines to the plant extract. These data indicated that A. herba alba extract possess anti-proliferative effect by a cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptosis mediated cytotoxicity in carcinoma cells. These results suggested that A.herba alba could contain one or more effective anti-cancer compound(s) and can be used as a natural source of anticancer agents.

Growth retardation and apoptotic death of tumor cells by Artemisia herba-alba oral administration in Ehrlich solid carcinoma bearing mice

At present, there is a rapidly growing interest in studying the cytotoxic effects of Artemisia herba alba Asso, Asteraceae, in various cancer cell lines. However, its antitumor effectiveness has not been investigated. Therefore, the current study was conducted to study the effect of A. herba alba extract on the proliferation and growth of solid tumor cells in Ehrlich Solid Carcinoma bearing mice. Oral administration of A. herba alba extract resulted in significant reductions in tumor size, tumor weight and mice body weight, as well as caused concurrent significant increases in the DNA breakages and apoptotic DNA damage induction in a time-dependent manner. A. herba alba extract also raised the expression level of p53 gene and reduced of K-ras expression in a time-dependent manner. Minor histological lesions were observed in the liver and kidney tissues sections of mice administered A. herba alba extract compared with the high histological lesions observed in the liver and kidney tissues of artesunate and cisplatin treated groups. Thus, we concluded that A. herba alba extract exhibited promising potential antitumor efficacy with greater safety than artesunate and the commercially used anticancer drug cisplatin in mice.

In vitro acaricidal effect of Melia azedarach and Artemisia herba-alba extracts on Hyalomma dromedarii (Acari: Ixodidae): embryonated eggs and engorged nymphs.

The present study aimed to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of four medicinal plant extracts: petroleum ether and ethyl alcohol extracts of the ripen fruits of Melia azedarach and whole aerial parts of Artemisia herba-alba against the two inactive stages of the camel tick Hyalomma dromedarii, embryonated eggs and engorged nymphs in comparison to reference acaricide Butox®5.0 (Deltamethrin). Egg and nymphal immersion tests at four concentrations with three replicates were used. The deformity in larvae hatched from treated eggs and adults moulted from treated nymphs were observed and photographed by light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that M. azedarach and A. herba-alba extracts revealed higher significant toxic effects on embryonated eggs and engorged nymphs comparing with the reference acaricide (Butox®5.0) and control. In egg emmersion test, the LC50 of petroleum ether extracts of M. azedarach and A. herba-alba was 3.14 and 3.91%, respectively and LC50 of the respective ethyl alcohol extracts was 1.77 and 2.45%. In nymphal immersion test, LC50 of petroleum ether extracts of M. azedarach and A. herba-alba was 0.26 and 1%, respectively, and LC50 of the respective ethyl alcohol extracts was 4.17 and 8.7%. Abnormalities were observed by LM and SEM in the larvae hatched from the treated eggs as incomplete development of legs and mouth parts as well as shrinkage mainly in legs and mouthparts of adults emerged from treated nymphs. In conclusion, all extracts and petroleum ether extracts of the two plants have great potential to be developed as a novel acaricidal for controlling eggs and nymphs of H. dromedarii, respectively.

Allelopathic Activity of Some Medicinal Plants against Erwinia carotovora

Many medicinal plants, exhibit allelopathy to biological management of plant pathogens by reducing their regeneration. This process involving secondary metabolites produced by plant influence the growth and development of agricultural and biological system. This research was to determine the allelopathic potential of aqueous extracts of different medicinal species (Artemisia herba alba, Pistacia atlantica and Juniperus phoenicea) against plant pathogenic bacteria (Erwinia carotovora subsp. Carotovora) in comparison to the antibiotic Streptomycin (positive control). Effect of water extracts evaluated for different concentrations of different extracts for each plant studied was examined under laboratory conditions in petri dishes. The results showed that all the extracts significantly inhibited growth of tested bacteria. The differences in their inhibition depend on to the type of plant and concentration of extract. However, Artemisia herba alba extracts had greater inhibitory potential. Based on the study results, aqueous extracts of three plant species (A. herba alba, P. atlantica and J. phoenicea) showed a negative allelopathic effects on plant pathogenic bacteria (Erwinia carotovora subsp. Carotovora).

Evaluation of Humoral Immunity to Infectious Bronchitis and Newcastle Disease Vaccines and Received Artemisia herba alba Extract in layer hens

The present study aims to evaluate the effect vaccination and oral administration of aqueous extract of artemisia herba alba on the immune status. forty laying hens (Lohman Brown,1 year-old, body weight 1.8 kg) were divided into four groups (ten) individuals. First one is the control; the second group treated with vaccine against NDV and IBV; third group received 2ml/bird/day 5% extracts of artemisia herba alba; fourth group treated with 2ml/bird/day 5% extracts of artemisia herba alba and vaccinated against NDV and IBV. Antibody titers against NDV and IBV were measured after 14 and 28 days. Results present significant increase in the globulin of the fourth group as compared to the others. The level of NDV antibodies increases significantly in this group as compared with control and third groups after 14 days. The same group shows a significant increase at 28 days as compared with the control one only. On the other hand, antibody titer of IBV increased significantly in the second and the fourth groups compared to the control group at 28 days, but no significant differences among all groups after 14 days of the experiment.In conclusion, this study indicates a limited positive effect of the herb extract on humoral immunity of layer chickens.

Evaluation of genotoxicity of the aqueous extracts from wild Artemisia herba-alba and Jasmina montana against Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) in Cucurbita pepo plants

Squash or cucurbit (Cucurbita pepo) is one of the famous and important vegetable plants in most world countries. The squash is infected by the critical Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) in Egypt. Though pesticides can protect the plants of pest infections, there are no effective compounds that can be applied as virucides. In this work, the effects of aqueous extracts from Jasmina montana and Artemisia herba-alba on ZYMV infection in the squash plants were examined. In addition, SDS-PAGE protein patterns and enzyme activities were evaluated and induction of resistance by plant elicitors against ZYMV was studied The results observed that using of the aqueous extracts from A. herba-alba or J. montana extracts prior to ZYMV inoculation recorded 100% inhibition of virus infection. Also, complete inhibition was obtained by treatment of A. herba-alba extract with the virus inoculum led to destroy the virus particles due to presence of the effective compounds (terpens, phenolics and the essential oils) in the plant extract. SDS-PAGE protein profiles and enzyme activities were studied in treated and untreated plants. Genomic DNA variation was studied using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) loci. The alterations in RAPD and ISSR assays of representative squash plants can be applied to comprehend of induced systemic resistance. These inducers stimulated resistance in the squash plants. Therefore, elicitors should be taken into consideration in the breeding programs for ZYMV control.

Antimicrobial Activity of Artemisia herba-alba Extract against Pathogenic Fungi of Pigeon Droppings

Antimicrobial Activity of Artemisia herba-alba Extract against Pathogenic Fungi of Pigeon Droppings

Evaluation of Wormwood Extract as a Bird Repellent Material and Antagonistic Agent against Feces Fungi

Wormwood extract (Artemisia herba-alba) was evaluate as a repellent for the house sparrow, Passer domesticus under laboratory and field conditions. Fungal species belonging to P. domesticus feces and the antifungal activity of A. herba-alba extract against these fungi were also investigated. The results showed that the highest concentration (10%) has the highest repellent effect with wheat consumption mean of 0.16 g and 0.15 g compared to the control (plain wheat) after four days of the laboratory and field experiments. It is worthy to mention that the lowest concentration 2.5% exhibited a high repellent effect at the first day of experiment and subsequently lost its repellent ability. Among the pathogenic fungi in feces, Rhizopus stolonifer (the most predominant fungus 31.7%) followed by Fusarium subglutinans (23.8%), Paecilomyces variotii (12.4%), Cladosporium sphaerospermum (9.2%), Aspergillus flavus (7.3%), Aspergillus niger (6%) and Aspergillus versicolor (5%). Whereas Penicillium digitatum was the least isolated fungus with occurrence 4.6%. The susceptibility of these fungi to A. herba-alba extract increased by increasing the extract concentration. The highest concentration 10% showed the highest antifungal activity against A. versicolor with mean of inhibition zone 24.3 mm. However, the lowest concentration 2.5% of this extract did not show any antifungal effects against P. digitatum, R. stolonifer and A. niger. It is concluded that wormwood is a promising biologically safe bird repellent and effective antifungal agent against pathogenic fungi of bird feces. It is economical for use than synthetic pesticides that one expensive and relatively difficult to obtain.

The desert wormwood (Artemisia herba-alba) – From Arabian folk medicine to a source of green and effective nanoinsecticides against mosquito vectors

The development of eco-friendly and effective insecticides is crucial for public health worldwide. Herein, we focused on the desert wormwood (Artemisia herba-alba), a plant widely used in Arabian traditional medicine, as a source of green nanoinsecticides against mosquito vectors, as well as growth inhibitors to be employed against microbial pathogens. Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) fabricated with the A. herba-alba extract were tested on Indian and Saudi Arabian strains of Anopheles, Aedes and Culex mosquitoes. The chemical profile of the A. herba-alba extract was determined by LC-DAD-MS and 1H NMR studies. Then, AgNPs were studied using UV–vis spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR spectroscopy, TEM, and EDX analyses. Artemisia herba-alba-synthesized AgNPs showed high larvicidal toxicity against mosquitoes from both Indian and Saudi Arabian strains. LC50 of AgNPs against Indian strains was 9.76 μg/ml for An. stephensi, 10.70 μg/ml for Ae. aegypti and 11.43 μg/ml for Cx. quinquefasciatus, whereas against Saudi Arabian strains it was 33.58 μg/ml for Ae. aegypti and 38.06 μg/ml for Cx. pipiens. In adulticidal experiments, A. herba-alba extract showed LC50 ranging from 293.02 to 450 μg/ml, while AgNP LC50 ranged from 8.22 to 27.39 μg/ml. Further, low doses of the AgNPs inhibited the growth of selected microbial pathogens. Overall, A. herba-alba can be further considered as a source of phytochemicals, with special reference to saponins, for effective and prompt fabrication of AgNPs with relevant insecticidal and bactericidal activity against species of high public health importance.

Assessment of Antimicrobial Effect of the Artemisia herba-alba Aqueous Extract as a Preservative in Algerian Traditional Fresh Cheese

The present work was carried out in order to study the antimicrobial activity of A. herba-alba extracts and their application as food preservative. A crude extract was prepared by steeping of the dry leaves of A. herba-alba in phosphate buffer. In order to obtain an enriched fraction in active molecules, a series of ammonium sulfate precipitation (ASP) was carried out. Extracts showed antibacterial activity against E. feacalis, M. leteus and L. monocytogenes strains. The best activity is noted for the precipitate obtained at ammonium sulfate precipitation of 60% (ASP60), with inhibition zones of 23.67 ± 0.44 mm for the E. feacalis and M. leteus strains and 18.00 ± 0.67 mm for L. monocytogenes. This extract shows a MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) of 0.23 and 0.9 mg/ml for E. feacalis and L. monocytogenes, respectively. The application of ASP60 on Takammerite”, traditional fresh cheese as preservative, cause a significant slowdown in microbial growth under refrigeration during 15 days of storage.

Evaluation of genotoxicity of Artemisia herba-alba and Jasmina montana extracts against Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus in Cucurbita pepo

Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) presents a critical problem in cucurbit production in Egypt and worldwide due to generation of aggressive viral strains. Therefore, novel approaches must be used for control of viral infections. In this study the effects of extracts from Artemisia herba-alba and Jasmina montana on ZYMV multiplication in Cucurbita pepo plants were evaluated. For this purpose, SDS-PAGE protein profiles and enzyme activities were examined and induction of resistance by plant elicitors against ZYMV was studied. The results showed that application of the aqueous extracts of A. herba-alba or J. montana extracts prior to ZYMV inoculation gave 100% inhibition of virus infection. The C. pepo plants treated with mixture of A. herba-alba extract and virus inoculum were 100% resistant. Treatment of squash plants with extracts resulted in production of proteins and phenolic compounds and activated various defense-related enzymes in the squash plants. Genetic variability in DNA genomes of treated and untreated plants was compared. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) profiles for DNA samples differed among treatments and control plants with visible change as indicated by the appearance or disappearance of DNA amplicons. The changes in RAPD and ISSR profiles of representative squash plants can be exploited for an understanding of induced systemic resistance. These elicitors, when activated, induced resistance in squash plants. Consequently, elicitors should be considered in the breeding programs for protection against ZYMV.

Pharmacological effects of ethanol extract of Egyptian Artemisia herba-alba in rats and mice

ObjectiveTo investigate some pharmacological effects including gastroprotective, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic and in vitro antioxidant effects of Artemisia herba-alba extract in different experimental models. MethodsInflammation was induced in rat paw by subcutaneous injection of 1% (v/v) carrageenan solution. Writhes was induced in mice by intraperitoneal injection of 0.6% (v/v) acetic acid solution. Pyrexia was induced using Brewer's yeast suspension. Gastric lesion was induced in rats by oral administration of 99% ethanol. The anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic and gastroprotective activities of Artemisia herba-alba extract were investigated respectively. In vitro antioxidant effect was investigated using DPPH free radical. ResultsThe plant extract showed anti-inflammatory effect in carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats, analgesic effect against acetic acid-induced writhing, and antipyretic activity in Brewer's yeast model of pyrexia. Besides, it was shown to be a gastroprotective agent against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers. The plant also exhibited a free radical scavenging potential in an in vitro antioxidant study using DPPH. ConclusionsThe results validate the use of the investigated plant in traditional medicine for different ailments.

Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects ofArtemisia herba-albaon mammalian cells

Artemisia herba-alba is a medicinal plant that is commonly used in folk remedies in the Middle East. Despite its wide use, little is known about whether or not it is genotoxic and/or cytotoxic to mammalian cells. Here we investigated the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of the ethanolic plant extract on mice cells at different dose concentrations (125, 250, 375, and 500 μg ml−1) and for different exposure times (12, 24, 48, and 72 h). We found that at all exposure times, treatment with high dose concentrations (375 and 500 μg ml−1) of A. herba-alba extract significantly reduced cell division in mice bone marrow cells compared to that in the control cells. Also, it induced sister chromatid exchanges and micronuclei formation in bone marrow and peripheral blood cells, respectively. Moreover, high dose concentrations significantly reduced cell viability in bone marrow cell cultures compared to that in the controls. The IC50 values were 484.38, 513.33, and 490.39 μg ml−1 after 24, 48, and 72 h of exposure, res...

Acute hypotensive and diuretic activities of Artemisia herba alba aqueous extract in normal rats

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the effect of Artemisia herba alba (A. herba alba) intravenous injection on cardiovascular and renal function in normal rats. Methods The effect of intravenous injection of A. herba alba extract at the different doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg was investigated in normal rats. Diuresis, heart frequency and electrolytes concentrations were analyzed. Results Intravenous bolus injection of A. herba alba at the different doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg produced a dose dependent reduction in arterial blood pressure ( P A. herba alba injection at the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg ( P A. herba alba extract at a dose of 200 mg/(kg·h) caused a significant increase in urine output after 4 h of perfusion ( P P P A. herba alba perfusion. Urinary chlorure excretion increased after 2 h of perfusion ( P A. herba alba perfusion ( P Conclusions We conclude that the aqueous A. herba alba extract possesses a potent acute hypotensive effect on normal rats. In addition, A. herba alba perfusion may affect renal function to increase urine and electrolytes excretion.

The efficacy of some wild medicinal plant extracts on the survival and development of third instar larvae of Chrysomyia albiceps (Wied) (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

Four crude wild plants extract of Artemisia herba-alba Asso, Artemisia monosperma Del., Euphorbia aegyptiaca Boiss. and Francoeuria crispa (Forsk.) extracted with four successive solvents; hexane, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate and ethanol were evaluated against the third instar larvae of Chrysomyia albiceps using dipping and thin film techniques. In dipping technique, larvae were immersed in the concentrations of plant extracts for 30 seconds. However, in thin film technique, larvae were exposed to thin layer from each plant extract in the Petri-dishes. Results showed that all extracts had toxic effects on larvae in both two treatments. Hexane and diethyl ether extracts of A. herba-alba and ethyl acetate extract of A. monosperma recorded the highest effect in both two treatments. Ethanol extracts of E. aegyptiaca and A. monosperma were the highest in dipping and thin film treatments, respectively. In dipping treatment, most plant extracts revealed extending effect on pupae especially while in thin film treatment most larvae which succeeded to develop to pupae produced normal flies. Deformed pupae were only recorded with the high concentration of diethyl extracts of A. herba-alba. Hexane, diethyl ether and ethyl acetate extracts of F. crespa only produced low percentages of deformed flies. Histological examination conducted on larvae confirmed that extracts in thin film treatment penetrated to the gut and destroyed its epithelial cells and wall. It concluded that the crude extracts of the four tested plants can be used in controlling of C. albiceps larvae while hexane extracts of E. aegyptiaca, A. herba-alba and A. monosperma are considered the most promising plant preparations against the larvae by using thin film technique.

Effects of aqueous extracts from Quercus ilex L. root bark, Punica granatum L. fruit peel and Artemisia herba-alba Asso leaves on ethanol-induced gastric damage in rats.

The gastroprotective effect of tannic acid and the aqueous extract of Quercus ilex L. root bark, Punica granatum L. fruit peel and Artemisia herba-alba Asso leaves was investigated in the rat against ethanol-induced damage. Tannic acid, Q. ilex and P. granatum extracts gave 100% precipitation of ovine haemoglobin in vitro, whereas A. herba-alba extract was devoid of any protein-binding property. Oral administration of these plant extracts or tannic acid induced a significant decrease in gastric lesions (47.7%-76%). The observed protection was more pronounced when the test solution was given at the same time with ethanol, except for Q. ilex extract. The acid content of the stomach was significantly increased by P. granatum (368%) and A. herba-alba (251%) extracts prepared in ethanol. It is suggested that monomeric and polymeric polyphenols can strengthen the gastric mucosal barrier.