Henna Extract Research Articles

Degradation of DDT by gold nanoparticles synthesised using Lawsonia inermis for environmental safety

Metallic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were prepared and stabilised with henna (Lawsonia inermis) extract. The synthesis of AuNPs was characterised by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), dynamic light scattering and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). This study also investigated the degradation of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) using AuNPs. The initial concentration of DDT was either 10 or 20 mg/L. In our study, the highest percentage of DDT degradation was obtained when the initial DDT concentration was 20 mg/L. It reached a maximum of 64.1% at 10 mg/L and 77.4% at 20 mg/L after 72 h. DDT degradation was determined using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, FTIR and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The GC/MS spectra displayed five peaks related to the DDT degradation products: DDT, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethene (DDE), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD), dichlorodiphenylmethane (DDM) and dichlorophenylethane (DCE). Our results indicate that AuNPs had high degradation rates for DDT, which implies that they have potential applications as metal nanoparticles for environmental clean-up.

Lawsone-loaded Niosome and its antitumor activity in MCF-7 breast Cancer cell line: a Nano-herbal treatment for Cancer.

Phytochemicals like Lawsone have some drawbacks that stem from their poor solubility. Low solubility in aqueous mediums results in low bioavailability, poor permeability and instability of phytochemical compounds in biological environments. The aim of this study was to design nanoniosomes containing Lawsone (Law) using non-ionic surfactants and cholesterol. Niosomes were prepared by thin film hydration method (TFH). Then, they were loaded with Henna extract (HLaw) and standard Lawsone (SLaw), and two resulted formulations were compared. The henna extract was analyzed by mass gas chromatography. Size, zeta potential, polydispersity index (PDI) and morphology of the loaded formulations were evaluated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning electron spectroscopy (SEM). The incorporation and release rate of Law from niosome bilayers were evaluated by UV-Vis spectroscopy. In vitro experiments were carried out to evaluate antitumor activity in MCF-7 cell line. The results showed distinct spherical shapes and particle sizes were about 250 nm in diameter and have negative zeta potentials. Niosomes were stable at 4 °C for 2 months. Entrapment efficiently of both formulations was about 70% and showed a sustained release profile. In vitro study exhibited that using of niosome to encapsulating Law can significantly increase antitumor activity of formulation in MCF-7 cell line compared to Law solution (free Law). Thus, niosomes are a promising carrier system for delivery of phytochemical compounds that have poor solubility in biological fluids. Graphical abstractᅟ

Unravelling the mechanisms of corrosion inhibition of iron by henna extract: A density functional theory study

The corrosion inhibition effect of the three main constituents in henna extract: lawsone, gallic acid and α-d-glucose, on the Fe (001) surface was studied using density functional theory. Quantum chemical descriptors as well as the interaction energies predict their corrosion inhibition efficiencies to follow the trend: lawsone > gallic acid > α-d glucose consistent with experiments. Lawsone and gallic acid were found to strongly chemisorb on the surface through formation of OFe or CFe bonds while the interactions of α-D glucose with the surface are rather weak as steric effects preclude ring C and O interactions with surface Fe-atoms.

To study the Photodynamic antimicrobial activity of Henna extract and preparation of topical Gel formulation

Henna, known to possess antibacterial & antifungal activities is reported to contain naphthoquinone derivatives which have potential as photodynamic agents. Current study comprises of evaluation of Photodynamic antimicrobial activity of alcoholic extract of henna, followed by preparation & evaluation of a topical gel formulation. The alcoholic extract prepared by maceration was analyzed for phytochemicals. Lawsone (2- Hydroxy-1,4 naphthoquinone) was isolated from Henna and was characterized by UV, IR & MASS to confirm its structure. The HPTLC fingerprinting of extract and quantification of lawsone in extract and fraction was carried out. The effect of light was tested on extract and fraction to assess its photosensitizing property. The antimicrobial activity of the extract was tested where one set was exposed to light and other kept in dark and zone of inhibition calculated for both sets. The yield of fraction was found to be 0.5±0.1% w/w. The quantity of lawsone in alcoholic extract & fraction was found to be 1.3 ± 0.02 % w/w and 59.57 ± 1.01 % w/w respectively. The extract is nearly 75% as active as standard Gentamicin and the activity gets 20% potentiated on exposure to light for all test samples indicating Photodynamic antimicrobial activity. The gel was evaluated for its stability with developed HPTLC method and also for physicochemical parameters. The gel containing henna extract, exhibiting good Photodynamic antifungal & antibacterial properties, was found to be stable. The current study thus has resulted in developing a potentially effective herbal topical formulation for management of skin, scalp & hair infections

A comparison of the effects of Lawsonia inermis (Iranian henna) and clotrimazole on Candida albicans in rats

BackgroundCandida albicans may cause vaginal infections in women. The aim of this study was to compare the antifungal effect of Lawsonia inermis with that of clotrimazole on rats. MethodsA total of 35female Wistar rats were randomly assigned into 5groups. Four groups were infected vaginally with C. albicans and one group was not (negative control). The four infected groups received the following treatments: two groups received vaginal creams of 2% or 4% of L. inermis, one group received 1% clotrimazole and one infected group did not receive any treatment (positive control). The hydro-ethanolic henna extract was prepared from the powder of henna leaves using maceration method. Samples were taken for culture from the vaginae of all rats before the treatment, one and two weeks after treatment. An ANOVA test was used to analyze the data. ResultsBefore the treatment, the mean colony forming units (CFU) was 213.6±10.08 and 334.42±20.32 in the 2% and 4% henna groups, respectively, 312.7±28.32 in the clotrimazole group, 233.85±8.15 in the positive control group, and zero in the negative control group. The mean CFUs were zero for all groups except for the 2% henna and positive control groups (P<0.001) one week after the treatment and zero in all groups except for the positive control group two weeks after the treatment (P<0.001). ConclusionL. inermis (henna) in form of vaginal cream could treat C. albicans infections in female rats; however, 4% henna was more effective and had an effect similar to that of clotrimazole.

Antimicrobial activity of some plants extracts on bacteria isolated from acne vulgaris patients

Background: Acne is a cutaneous pleomorphic disorder skin disease most frequently occurring during the adolescent in ages of 12-24, with estimated percentage ( 85%) . There are different ways to treat acne such as using of antibiotics , herpes , and mixing treatments . Methods : Antibacterial activity of four concentrations (100,50,25,12.5)mg /ml of alcoholic and cold aqueous crude extracts of Cinnamon(Cinnamomum verum ), Henna (Lawsonia inermis ) , Lupine (Lupinus luteus) were studied against aerobic and an aerobic bacteria isolated from inflamed and discharging pus from thirty Iraqi acne vulgaris patients refer to dermatology unit at AL-Kindy Hospital from December 2016 to March 2017.All information (age, sex ,diseases and using topical treatments) were recorded .The bacterial isolates were identify using morphological characteristics, biochemical tests and the Vitek-2 compact system. Results: Among (30 )Acne samples taken, 8 (26.7%) samples were from males age range (19-33) years and 22(73.3%) were from females within age (17-29)years . twenty five (83%) samples were culture positive, and only (17%) of samples revealed no growth .Most frequent bacteria which isolated (aerobically) from acne patients were Staphylococcus aureus ( 60%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (20%), Escherichia coli (8% ), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4%), and an aerobic bacterial isolates were Propionibacterium acnes (8%) isolates. Antibiotic sensitivity tests were performed against, Ampicillin, Clindamycin, Gentamicin, Cotrimoxazole, Erythromycin, Vancomicine, Tetracycline, Doxycycline, and Azithromycin.All bacterial isolates were resistance to Ampicillin. Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis were sensitive (100%) to Doxycycline and Azithromycin, P. acne were also highly sensitive to these two antibiotics (95.5%,97.1%) respectively, while E. coli and P. aeruginosa were (100%) resistance to these antibiotics. Gentamicin and tetracycline were susceptible by most of the study isolates except for P. aeruginosa which was very resistance to CN and TE (100%&94.8%) respectively. The antimicrobial potential of cold water and alcoholic crude extracts of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum ), Hinna (Lawsonia inermis), and Lupine (Lupinus luteus), in concentrations (100,50,25,12.5) mg/ml against the gram positive and gram negative isolates were tested through a well-diffusion method. Alcoholic extract of Henna leaves in concentration (100mg/ml) showed high inhibitory activity to all isolates compared with the aqueous extract and the all concentration of cinnamon aqueous and alcoholic extracts ,while lupine extracts had no effect on all bacterial isolates . Conclusion: Gram-positive bacteria were the most common microorganisms involved in acne infection. There are variations in the incidence of acne infection in relation to sex, age; Alcoholic extract of the Henna leaves could be used to treat acne.

Potential of Plant Extracts to Inhibit the Ichthyophonus sp. Infection in Blue Tilapia: A Preliminary Study in vitro

We studied in vitro the potential of plant extracts to inhibit the infection caused by Ichthyophonus sp. in blue tilapia (Oreochromis aureus). We inoculated Ichthyophonus sp. on agar plates where we placed the filter discs that were prepared by filtering the aqueous extracts (five concentrations) of ginger (Zingiber officinale), linseed (Linum usitatissimum), henna (Lawsonia inermis) and white turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria). All plants inhibited the growth of Ichthyophonus sp. in the highest concentration (20%); Z. officinale appeared to be the most effective, whereas C. zedoaria was the least effective. This study suggests that widely available and inexpensive plant extracts might be effective natural agents to prevent the Ichthyophonus sp. infection in fish. More research is needed in order to ascertain the efficiency of the plant extracts in vivo as well as to find a proper practice used in aquaculture.

Effect of henna (lawsonia inermis) and juglans regia bark extract on some pathogenic microorganisms

Six types of extracts were prepared for henna leaves (Lawsonia inermis) and Juglans Regia bark, by using distilled water, 1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), 1 M sodium acetate buffer (pH 6.0), 1 M Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0), ethanol and methanol alcohol. The antibacterial activities of the henna and J. regia extracts were determined using the agar disc diffusion on nutrient agar for each one of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. The results of the phytochemical screening of henna extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, terpens, anthraquinones, tannins and phenols, whilst flavonoids, saponins, steroids, resins and coumarines gave negative test, on the other hand, result indicate the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phenols, steroids and anthraquinones, whereas the terpens, resins, and coumarines gave negative test in J. Regia bark extract. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed upon using 10 gm % (w:v) of henna extracted by 1M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), and 10 gm % (w:v) of J. regia bark extracted with 1M sodium acetate buffer (pH 6.0), after mixing for 4 hours. The best concentration of henna and J. regia bark extract on discs that gave the high antimicrobial activity against the tested microorganisms was 10 mg/ml.

Comparative Study Between The Effects Of Henna (Lawsonia Inermis) Alcoholic Extract And The Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) On The Cartilage Healing Of Rabbits.

It's very interested to study new herbal therapy as henna and compare its effect on cartilage healing with another modern therapy as Platelets – Rich Plasma (PRP).Twenty seven domestic male rabbits was included in this study, divided into three groups of 9 animal randomly, groups of henna 20%, groups of (PRP), and control groups, and also each group subdivided in to 3 subgroups depending on the time of sampling 7,21,45 day, 5 mm in diameter of injury full-thickness skin wound was created on the ear of each rabbit. The wounds in first group were treated with Henna after operation for 7 days, while its in second group treated with (PRP) either for 7 days , and the control group the wounds was abdicated by distal water only. The results of this study are very important to find a new cheap herbal therapy. The results publicized that the wound healing in Henna treated groups happened faster than the (PRP) groups, and the complete healing happened in 49 days after treated by henna extract.Grossly and histological evaluations shows clearly, the superiority of henna extracts 20% effects on cartilage healing in compare with (PRP).

Potential of some plant extracts in controlling wheat leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks.

LEAF rust, caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks., is among the most common wheat rust diseases in Egypt causing major losses in the grain yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of water and 80%-methanol extracts prepared from seven different plants (henna, blue gum, acalypha, chinaberry, pomegranate, basil, and lantana) in controlling the leaf-rust disease of wheat. In an in vitro experiment, all methanol extracts inhibited the germination of the fungus spores by more than 98%, while water extracts were less effective. The methanol extracts of henna, lantana, acalypha, chinaberry, and pomegranate exhibited a 100%-inhibition of spore germination. In addition, no significant differences were recorded between the methanol extracts of these five plants and the synthetic fungicide Fungshou. In a filed experiment, wheat plants were one- and two-time sprayed with henna, lantana, acalypha, chinaberry, and pomegranate water or methanol extracts. The results revealed that all plant extracts not only decreased the disease severity of the leaf rust, but also enhanced the grain yield components including spike weight, the 1000-kernel weight, and the test weight. Furthermore, the two-time spray application was more effective than the one-time spray. Our study indicated that water and methanol extracts of henna, lantana, acalypha, chinaberry, and pomegranate might be utilized for the control of wheat leaf-rust disease as a safe and environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic fungicides.

Corrosion Inhibition of Henna Extract on Carbon Steel with Hybrid Coating TMSM-PMMA in HCL Solution

Green inhibitors are promising alternatives to toxic corrosion inhibitors as they are environmentally safe substances, ecologically acceptable and renewable. In this research, the effect of green henna as an inhibitor existing in the coating of TMSM-PMMA and its electrochemical study were analyzed. The coating was produced by “sol-gel” method in order to protect the corrosion of low-carbon steel. TMSM hybrid cell was synthesized by hydrolysis and condensation, Metaacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and Tetraetylorthosilicate with 1:1 molar ratio and PMMA hybrid cell was produced by Methylmetaacrylate polymerization. Finally two cells were mixed in 1:1 weight ratio. The carbon steel substrates were prepared by dip coating method. SEM technique was applied for the microstructure evaluation of thin layers including different concentrations of henna extract. Adhesion of coating was analyzed by “Pull off” test. Additionally, the experimental results obtained in different concentrations of henna extract using electrochemical methods such as tafel polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy indicating that coating with the concentration of 3% inhibitor had a high level of inhibition efficiency in 0.1 M HCL. The results of polarization tests signified that henna extract acts as a mixed inhibitor.

NATURAL ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF LAWSONIA INERMIS AND INDIGO TINCTORIA AGAINST CLINICALLY ISOLATED MICROORGANISMS

Objective: The present study aimed at evaluating the natural antimicrobial activity of Lawsonia inermis (L. inermis) and Indigofera tinctoria (I. tinctoria) against a reference and pathogenic clinically isolated strains compare with some antibiotics.Methods: The antimicrobial activity of Lawsonia inermis (red henna) and Indigo tinctoria (black henna) was evaluated against clinically isolated strains from urinary tract and wounds infected patients. The six tested strains namely were Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus fecalis, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by agar diffusion method and microplate dilution for measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). An American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) of bacteria was used as a control for confirming the type of the isolated bacteria.Results: Both red and black henna showed variable antimicrobial activity against tested bacteria and C. albicans. Alcoholic and oily extracts were more effective than water. Staphylococcus epidermis was significantly affected with water extract of black henna (20±1.1) and red henna (11±0.5). Nigella sativa oil extract with black henna had showed significant synergism effects against some microorganisms as Enterococcus fecalis (40±1.5), P. aeruginosa (15±0.9) and Candida albicans (18±0.6).Conclusion: Black and red henna had antibacterial and antifungal activities. They exhibited synergistic effects when mixed with black seed oil.

Lawsonia inermis (Henna) extract: A possible natural substitute to Eosin stain

Background: The extensive evolution of Histopathology can be mainly attributed to the availability of a wide array of stains. Staining has made possible the identification of various tissue structures under microscope aiding in appropriate diagnosis. However, the present era of increasing importance to ecology has necessitated the requisite for natural dyes. Unlike synthetic dyes, natural dyes are less toxic, biodegradable and are eco-friendly. Haematoxylin and Eosin are the routinely used stains in histopathology wherein eosin is a synthetic stain. Various attempts have been made to substitute eosin with a natural dye, one among which is Lawsonia inermis (Henna). Nevertheless, the staining efficacy of henna extract on FFPE (formalin-fixed paraffin embedded) oral tissues, as a counterstain to haematoxylins is yet to be determined. Aim: The study aims to analyse the use of Lawsonia inermis extract as a possible substitute for eosin stain in paraffin embedded oral tissues. Methodology: The colouring component of dried leaves of Henna was extracted using Maceration and Soxhlet method. 4µ sections of 20 paraffin embedded oral tissues of normal oral mucosal tissues and OSCC tissues each, were stained using the extract and counterstained to haematoxylin and studied for its staining efficacy. Statistical Analysis: Chi square test was done and noted for any significant results. Results: On comparing the staining efficacy of henna while using different extraction methods, Soxhlet method was better than maceration method by 20%, however statistically the results were insignificant. Staining efficacy of Henna with and without the mordant were statistically significant wherein staining with mordant gave inferior quality stain. Henna stain, when compared to eosin, comparable results were found, with eosin being slightly better by 15%. Conclusion: In this era of increasing importance to ecology, henna may well prove to be an effective alternative to eosin in histological sections of normal and pathological tissues as both the stains gave comparable results.

Study comparison analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous and alcoholic leaves extract of Lawsonia inermis L. (Henna) with ketoprofen in male albino rats

The pain considered is an important signs for many medical condition which is reduced by using analgesic drugs, that act either locally or systemically via central nervous system, that may have many harmful side effects. This study was carried out to evaluate the analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effect of both aqueous and alcoholic extract of Lawsonia inermis L. and comparing with one of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) Ketoprofen by using hot plate test, tail immersion method, and study ability of aqueous and alcoholic extract to reduce writhing induced by acetic acid injection. Also, study the antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activity of henna extract in formalin-induced paw edema . Twenty four Wister rats were used which divided randomly into four equal groups, first group served as control negative treated with distal water, second, control positive, injected with ketoprofen (8 mg/kg B.W.) third group treated with aqueous extract and fourth group treated with methanolic extract (200 mg/kg B.W.) in addition to the ketoprofen. At the end of experiment, the results clarified that alcoholic extract of henna has similar effect of ketoprofen via significant increase (P&lt;0.05) in reaction time to hot plate and tail withdrawal from hot water. Moreover, the results explained significant decrease (P&lt;0.05) in the writhes count( abdominal constriction). As well as, the ability of alcoholic extract to significant (P&lt;0.05 ) reduce body temperature comparing with control group. Likewise, the result revealed that alcoholic extract of Lawsonia inermis has anti-inflammatory activity by significant (P&lt;0.05 ) reduction in edema size induced by formalin injection in paw skin, and Tumor necrosis factor alpha. (TNF-α). Thus, the results of current study illustrated that methanolic extract of Lawsonia inermis has central and peripheral analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activity comparing with control group.

Development of anti-corrosive paint incorporated with henna extract as a natural inhibitor

Development of anti-corrosive paint incorporated with henna extract as a natural inhibitor

Effects of active gelatin coated with henna (L. inermis) extract on beef meat quality during chilled storage

The effect of a beef meat coating prepared using cuttlefish skin gelatin with henna aqueous extract (HAE) as natural preservative was studied during chilled storage of meat at 1, 3, 6 and 8 days. The combined coating increased the shelf-life of meat by decreasing the total and psychrophilic vial bacteria counts at the end of storage. In addition, the lipid oxidation of meat decreased during the period of storage in gelatin-HAE coated samples measured using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances test. Furthermore, coating significantly preserved color properties in comparison with uncoated samples. According to free amino acid contents, coating decreased the rate of proteolysis process, whereas it was faster in uncoated samples. Thus, the gelatin coatings offer an excellent protection to avoid meat deterioration, which was significantly improved by the addition of HAE to the gelatin gel.

Effect of Lawsonia inermis (Henna) on wound healing in Sprague-Dawley rats: A pilot study

Abstract Leaves of Lawsonia inermis have long been used for several purposes in traditional herbal medicine. This report is to evaluate the effect of Lawsonia inermis on the wound healing in rats. Eight adult male rats were used. Animals have been anesthetized. A wound was created on the dorsal nape of the neck. Group 1 were left without treatment. Group 2 treated with 10% Iodine and vehicle. Group 3 and 4 were treated with a low dose and high dose of Henna respectively for 15 days. On the 1 ,5,10 and 15, the wound area of each animal was measured. Wound contraction was calculated. On the day 15, tissue samples were taken from the wound and examined by a histopathologist. At day 15, the average wound size decreased in group 1 and group 2 to 5.5 mm and 6.5 mm respectively and in group 3 and group 4 to 0 and 2.5 mm respectively. Histological results revealed that low dose and high dose produce better wound healing if compared with the control positive and control negative. The result of this pilot study has revealed that Henna extract leaves have remarkable effects on wound healing and warrents further studies.

The accumulated effect of alcoholic leaves extract of huds plant(Mentha longifolia L.) and henna plant (Lawsonia inermis L.) in the life performance of immature stages of Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae)

The aims of this study were to know the accumulated effects of alcoholic leaves extracts of henna and huds plant in some biological aspects of immature stage Musca domestica .four concentrations have been used, 500, 750, 1000 and 1250 mg L-1 for both two plant extracts and four replications for each concentration, their effect on life cycle ,growth stadium of immature stages (eggs, Larvae, and pupae), pupae weight .There was no significant effect for both extracts in egg incubation period, where it was 1.50 and 1.75 days at a concentration 1250 mg L-1. There was an increasing in duration of 1st,2nd ,and 3rd larvae phase ,whereas it reached 1.50, 2.75, and 5.75 days, and 1.75, 2.75 and 6.25 days respectively for huds and henna at a concentration 1250 ppm, when it compared with control which were 1, 2, 4.25 days for 1st, 2nd, 3rd larval respectively. The mortality increased with increasing of concentration, where the maximum egg mortality % was 20% and 22.50% in huds and henna extracts ,and in first larval phase (most effected) the mortality came to 26.26 % and 27.82% for both huds and henna extracts at aconcentration 1250 ppm respectively, and a reduction in pupae weight that reach 0.038gm and 0.036gm in huds and henna respectively, wheas it was 0.092 gm in control.

Evaluation of Natural Additives to Enhance the Persistence of Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpliMNPV) Under Field Conditions in Saudi Arabia.

Nucleopolyhedrovirus is an effective biocontrol agent but for its biggest disadvantage of short persistence under sunlight conditions. In this study, 10 plant extracts were evaluated as ultraviolet (UV) protectants to improve the persistence of Spodoptera littoralis multiple-embedded nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpliMNPV) against cotton leafworm (Spodoptera littoralis Boisduval). In the primary lab screening test, 5 out of 10 additives (cloves, henna, green tea, pomegranate, and grape extracts) presented a high rate of virus protection with original activity remaining (OAR) percentage of 100%, 97%, 91%, 90.6%, and 77%, respectively, when used at a concentration of 1% and exposed to UVB for a period of 1 h. A secondary screening was then performed with these best five extracts at a concentration of 0.5% and for an exposure timing of 5 h to UVB. Among these, clove and henna that showed highest protection with OAR values of 96.6% and 76.5%, respectively, were selected for the field trials. When applied on cabbage in the field during sunny summer conditions, clove and henna extracts enhanced the persistence of SpliMNPV by twofold. These findings are encouraging to be applied in the field studies.

Biological effect of Lawsonia inermis plant

This study was compared the antimicrobial effectiveness of Lawsonia inermis plant extract (alcoholic, aqueous and silver nanoparticles) on the growth of different types of Gve+ bacteria and Gve- bacteria at concentration 80 mg /L. It was noted that the ( alcoholic, hot and cold water) extract have highest impact recorded in the growth of bacteria S.aurous with inhibition zone (26mm) followed by the bacteria P.aueroginosa at inhibition zone reached (22mm) and finally the yeast C. albicans at inhibition zone reached (17mm), while silver nano-particles of the plant extract the most influence on the bacteria, it gave the highest Inhibition area reached (30mm) on the growth of the S. aurous, followed by the inhibition area of P.aueroginosa reached (26mm) then Strep. pyogein (25mm), and finally the yeast C. albicans reached (18 mm). With regard to the complex (alcoholic extract and antibiotic Amoxylein) its effects has varied upon microorganisms, there is a synergistic effect on the growth of the yeast C. albicans at inhibition zone (30mm) while it has been observed inhibitory effect of this complex on the growth of p. aeroginosa with inhibition zone amounted to (15mm), but did not show any significant impact on the growth of both bacteria (K. pneumonia, E.coli Strep. Pyogein&amp; P. aeroginosa,), while the (alcoholic extract and antibiotic Erythromycin) showed inhibitory and synergistically effect on each of the bacteria (E.coli, S. aurous, yeast C. albicans and P. aeroginosa) respectively. According to obtained results the antibiotic Erythromycin shows higher inhibitory effect than antibiotic Amoxylein. It has also been investigated the lower values of absorbance at the wavelength of 260 nm with increasing the concentration of crude alcoholic extract, this reveled the ability of henna extract in the removal of free radicals liberated from photolysis of hydrogen peroxide compound .