Sunflower Research Articles

Yield and quality of spring barley grain depending on the influence of precursors and mineral fertilizers under the conditions of the Central Black Earth region

The barley crop (Hordeum sativum L.) for the Central Black Earth region of Russia is a promising area for producers of all types of ownership. Barley is a valuable universal crop rich in complete protein and starch. In Russia, up to 70 % of barley is used for feed purposes. The feed value of barley is higher than that of wheat and corn, since it has a more balanced amino acid composition of protein, especially lysine. The protein complex of barley contains more than 20 amino acids, 5 of which are essential. The purpose of the research was to investigate the yield and quality of spring barley grain depending on the eff ect of predecessors and mineral fertilizers under the conditions of the Central Black Earth region. The object of the study was the spring barley variety Knyazhich. The following predecessors were studied such as grain corn, sunfl ower, sugar beet and soybeans. The fertilizer application rates were such as N10P10K10, N30P30K30, N50P50K50 and N70P70K70. It was found that the highest yield of spring barley was obtained with sugar beet as a predecessor. Thus, with a low background of mineral nutrition N10P10K10 it was 3.84 t/ha, with an average N30P30K30 it was 4.87 t/ha, with a high N50P50K50 it was 5.48 t/ha and with an intensive N70P70K70 it was 5.33 t/ha. Thus, the analysis of the eff ectiveness of the studied predecessors and the application of mineral fertilizers under spring barley indicate that for the predecessors sugar beet and soybeans, mineral fertilizers in the dose of N50P50K50, the highest profi t of 30343.5 and 25747.1 rubles/ha and a high bioenergy coeffi cients of 4.84 and 4.51 were obtained.

Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Sun Flower (Tithonia diversifolia) on the Prevention of Coccidiosis in Broiler Chickens on Natural Infestation

Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Sun Flower (Tithonia diversifolia) on the Prevention of Coccidiosis in Broiler Chickens on Natural Infestation

Effect of Foliar Nutrition by Humic and Fulvic Acid and the Interaction between them on Productivity of Sun Flower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Effect of Foliar Nutrition by Humic and Fulvic Acid and the Interaction between them on Productivity of Sun Flower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Stylistic Analysis of Instagram Poem by Rupi Kaur

This research focuses on analyzing the graphological, phonological, morphological, and semantic features of English poems from Kaur's books "Home Body" and "The Sun and Her Flowers," which were posted on Instagram between May and July 2023. Using Simpson’s stylistic theories (2014), the analysis selected three poems from each of Kaur's books. The findings indicate that the poet employs stylistic elements as follows: graphologically, the use of all lowercase letters throughout her poems reflects intimacy and vulnerability, with minimal punctuation, only using a period at the end of each stanza. Phonologically, the poems lack a consistent rhyme scheme, relying instead on the natural flow of language and the emotions conveyed through words. Morphologically, the poet uses simple and concise grammatical structures to effectively communicate emotions and thoughts through straightforward sentences, drawing readers into her perspective and experiences. Semantically, the poet employs various figurative language elements, including metaphors, imagery, personification, symbolism, rhetorical questions, and repetition. The implication of this research is that Kaur's stylistic choices, such as lowercase letters, minimal punctuation, natural language flow, simple grammar, and diverse figurative language, enhance the intimacy, emotional impact, and accessibility of her poetry.

Influence of Different Biological Treatments on Fermentation of Soya Bean Meal and Sun Flower Meal

Influence of Different Biological Treatments on Fermentation of Soya Bean Meal and Sun Flower Meal

Relevance of creating a database of fatty acid composition and quality indicators of sunfl ower oil and seeds by varieties and regions of the Russian Federation .

Sunflower seeds are grown in 19 regions, territories, and republics of the country. The regions differ in climate and soil composition. As a result, typical sunflower oil differs from region to region depending on meteorological conditions. It is shown that the current GOST provides the fatty acid composition of the permissible values for the presence of a dominant fatty acid with intervals of 25.7; 15.7%; 28.7%. This is a sufficiently wide range to predict the same oxidative and different technological properties. Considering that sunflower is an object of international trade and domestic export, it seems an urgent task of expert examination and commodity science to create a Russian database of indicators of the composition and physical and chemical indicators of sunflower seeds grown in all Russian regions and sunflower oil produced by all oil-extracting enterprises of the country.

Video forgery detection using competitive swarm sun flower optimization algorithm based deep learning

Video forgery detection using competitive swarm sun flower optimization algorithm based deep learning

Experimental investigation of performance, emission, and combustion characteristics of a variable compression ratio engine using waste cooking vegetable oils blended with diesel

The availability of crude oil and petroleum products has become scarce and costly over the years leading to a stiff rise in engine fuel. Due to the depletion of conventional fuels; alternative fuels are gaining importance in recent times and Waste Cooking Vegetable Oils (WCVOs) are the viable option for the same. The present study highlights the performance, emission, and combustion characteristics of the Variable Compression Ratio (VCR) engine using three varieties of WCVOs (Ground Nut (GDN), Palm (PM), and Sunflower (SF)). Their inferior fuel features (density, viscosity, calorific value, etc.) are enhanced by blending 30 % of these oils with 70 % Diesel. The experiments are then conducted in the VCR engine using these blended oils under varying loading conditions (0–8 N) and at a constant speed of 1500 (RPM) with a compression ratio (18:1). It is seen that a single blend of Palm oil (PM) increases the engine Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) by 5 % in comparison to Diesel and other blended fuels (GDN, SF) owing to its lower calorific value and greater viscosity. The engine Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC) decreases with the increase in load and the lower loads reduce the BSFC for WCVOs by 9–15 % compared to Diesel. Engine emissions like Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Oxide (NOx), and Hydrocarbons (HC) are also reduced significantly (by 12–15 %) using these blended oils compared to Diesel. The surge in both the Peak Cylinder Pressure (PCP) and Heat Release Rate (HRR) is also observed using these blended fuels, especially for Sunflower. Hence, these WCVOs are an appropriate option to advance the VCR engine performance and decrease its emissions.

Combined spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques augmented with chemometrics for the authentication of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) seed oil

Edible oils adulteration has a great concern because of its health and economical effects. Black cumin seed oils (BCSOs) are one of the most adulterated edible oils. In this case, the purpose of this research was to investigate authenticity of commercial BCSOs by spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques combined with orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). Sixteen commercial BCSO samples (100 % pure-certified and other BCSOs), potential blending oils (sunflower, corn, and soybean oils), and twenty-one synthetically adulterated BCSO samples blended with sunflower (SFO), corn (CO), and soybean (SBO) oils at levels of 5 %, 10 %, 15 %, 20 %, 30 %, 40 %, and 50 % (v/v) were analysed. Screening of potential fingerprinting markers such as thymohydroquinone (THQ), thymoquinone (TQ), carvacrol (CRV), tocopherol isomers (α-, γ-, and δ-), as well as total antioxidant capacity and phenolic content analysis were carried out utilizing spectrophotometric CUPRAC, ABTS, and Folin Ciocalteu’s assays. Commercial pure and fraudulent BCSOs and synthetically adulterated samples were successfully classified in OPLS-DA graphs with 95 % confidence level. Even to five percent detection limit for SFO, CO and SBO adulteration were prominently monitored. In consequence, the proposed spectroscopic and chromatographic methods seem to be a practically applicable, sensitive and versatile protocol that can be used as an alternative fingerprinting procedure to determine adulteration of commercial BCSOs.

Dual Attention Graph Convolutional Network optimized with the Sun Flower Optimization for Differential Privacy Protection Mechanism for Smart Grid against Security Attacks

A smart grid combines information and communication technology with the conventional power system to provide efficient and dependable electricity generation, transmission, distribution, and control. Utilities and users share information and electricity in a smart grid. This manuscript presents a Dual Attention Graph Convolutional Network (DAGCN) optimized with the Sun Flower Optimization Algorithm (SFO) predicting the differential privacy protection mechanism for smart grid (DPSG-DAGCN-SFO). Initially, the data is collected from NSL-KDD datasets. Afterward, the data is fed to an Adaptive Robust Cubature Kalman Filter (ARCKF) based preprocessing process. Then the preprocessed data’s are fed to Adaptive and Concise Empirical Wavelet Transform (ACEWT)for extracting features such as authentication, integrity and trusted authority. The extracted features are fed to Dual Attention Graph Convolutional Network (DAGCN)to classify the privacy protection in smart grid such as stealthy attack and no attack. The weight parameters of DAGCN are optimized using SFO. The proposed DPSG-DAGCN-SFO is implemented in python, effectiveness assessed by several performance metrics such as accuracy, error rate, precision, sensitivity, F1-score and recall. The proposed method error rate attains 2% stealthy attack and4% no attack of the of the privacy protection in smart grid. The proposed method shows better results in all existing systems like Bayesian Clustering Algorithm (BCA), Self-Adaptive Grid-Partitioning Algorithm (SGNA) and Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA).From the result it is concludes that the proposed DPSG-DAGCN-SFO method based error rate lower than the existing methods.

Molecular-mass distribution of alkylphenolformaldehyde oligomers modified by imidazolines

The molecular weight distribution of monoalkyl(C8–C12)phenolformaldehyde oligomers modified with imidazolines based on sunfl ower or corn oil fatty acids and polyamines – diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetraamine, polyethylene polyamines was determined by gel-chromatography. The influence of the component and quantitative composition on the parameters of the number average and weight average molecular weights, as well as on the polydispersity of oligomers, was studied. Regularities have been revealed and assumptions have been made regarding repeating monoalkyl (C8-C12)phenol-formaldehyde fragments in the composition of oligomeric macromolecules.

Study on the Performance and Emissions of Triple Blends of Diesel/Waste Plastic Oil/Vegetable Oil in a Diesel Engine: Advancing Eco-Friendly Solutions

To provide technical and economical solutions regarding management of plastic waste, which is constantly increasing worldwide, this study addresses the possibility of using plastic oils (PO) obtained from these plastic wastes as biofuels. To this end, the replacement of the fossil diesel employed in internal combustion diesel engines with triple diesel/PO/vegetable oil mixtures has been investigated. Sunflower (SO) and castor oil (CO) mixed with PO in the most appropriate proportion are evaluated as pure vegetable oils (SVO). Thus, diesel/PO/SVO triple blends were prepared, characterized, and then tested on a diesel engine operating as electricity generator, evaluating power output, consumption, and exhaust emissions. The obtained results show that, with the incorporation of relatively small quantities of pure, non-edible vegetable oils, in double mixtures of PO/SO and PO/CO, an effective alternative fuel for transport is obtained, that allows for 100% of fossil diesel to be replaced. In fact, with these double PO/SVO biofuel mixtures, higher engine power values and lower consumption levels are obtained than those achieved with fossil diesel. Regarding exhaust emissions, these are produced with a slightly greater opacity than with fossil diesel, but there are lower values of carbon gases as a whole (CO + CO2) and in NOx gases.

The Translation Techniques on Rupi Kaur’s The Sun and Her Flowers Based on the Lefevere's Perspective

This topic was chosen to analyze the translation techniques in translating the poem-poetry anthology entitled The Sun and Her Flowers wrote by Rupi Kaur, translated into Indonesian by Ni Made Purnamasari. In analyzing the poem, the writer employs the theory of Lefevere's (1975), which includes seven techniques, they are 1) phonemic translation, 2) literal translation, 3) metrical translation, 4) poetry into prose translation, 5) rhymed translation, 6) blank verse translation, and 7) interpretation. The method is used in this research is descriptive qualitative, applies documentationstrategies. The writer collects data through multiple phases: collection, analysis, and identification. The Lefevere's perspectives are employed to figure out the techniques of translation to translate the anthology. 20 poems were chosen for this research as the sample. The resultsrevealed that 18 poems applied literal translation, 1 applied metrical translation, 2 applied rhymed translation, 3 applied blank verse translation, and 5 applied interpretation translation. The number of translation techniques used in each poem is as follows: 1 poem uses 3 translation techniques, 7 poems use 2 translation techniques, and 12 poems use only one translation technique.

Effectiveness evaluation of the infl uence of protein concentrates on the chemical composition of fish meat

Due to the high demand, cost, growing shortage and low quality of fi sh-meal, there is a constant search for affordable alternative feed raw materials in feeding aquaculture fi shing grounds. The use of high-protein products of plant origin is the most effective option for replacing fi sh-meal in fi sh feed. The purpose of the work was to evaluate the eff ectiveness of the infl uence of protein concentrates on the chemical composition of rainbow trout meat. Testing of compound feed for rainbow trout, the formulation of which included high-protein feed concentrates, was carried out on the basis of IP Kalmykova I. O. and under the conditions of the Research Center “Breeding valuable sturgeon breeds” at the Volgograd State Agrarian University. It was found on base of the results obtained that more intensive growth was observed in the groups in which the mustard protein-containing feed concentrate Gorlinka was introduced into the feed formulation with partial or complete replacement of sunfl ower meal. Here, the increase in the total and average daily live weight gain was noted by 2,83–6,93 % and by 1,62–1,68 %. The use of the Agro-Matic concentrate during the period of the experiment had a positive eff ect on the growth dynamics of rainbow trout, increasing productivity indicators. Thus, live weight indicators increased by 1,29–4,15 %, daily gain indicators increased by 1,44–4,46 % relative to individuals receiving compound feed with fi sh-meal. When studying the chemical composition of trout meat with the addition of Gorlinka concentrate to the feed formulation in the experimental groups, the increase in protein content was revealed by 0,13–0,41 abs.%, inorganic matter by 0,04–0,12 abs.%, also the total amount of amino acids increased by 0,18–0,46 abs.%, while the fat content on the contrary decreased by 0,05–0,17 abs.% compared to the control. In the experimental trout groups, when introducing the Agro-Matic protein concentrate into the diet instead of fi shmeal the protein content increased by 0,03–0,40 abs.%, inorganic matter by 0,08–0,24 abs.%, total amino acids increased by 0,11–0,58 abs.%, there was a slight decrease in the amount of fat by 0,10–0,36 abs.% compared to the 1st control group. The use of protein concentrates has a positive eff ect on the qualitative composition of the muscle tissue of rainbow trout by increasing the protein content and the amount of essential amino acids in the muscle tissue of individuals surpassing the 1st control group in key indicators.

Evaluation of healthy pan bread enriched with sesame, peanut and sun flower seeds

Evaluation of healthy pan bread enriched with sesame, peanut and sun flower seeds

Protection of winter wheat from diseases in the zone of unstable humidization of the Stavropol Territory

The study of new seed protectants and fungicides for treating crops, taking into account varieties and predecessors in certain natural and climatic zones, is relevant and of great importance in optimizing the phyto and sanitary condition and increasing the gross harvest of winter wheat in the Stavropol Territory. The purpose of the research was to improve the protection of winter wheat from diseases in the unstable moisture zone of the Stavropol Territory. During the research process, two experiments were carried out: experiment No. 1 “Determination of the eff ectiveness of seed protectants against a complex of harmful pathogens and their eff ect on the biometric parameters of plants and the yield of winter wheat.” The object of research was winter wheat of the variety Yuka winter wheat sown according to its predecessor winter wheat. Experiment No. 2 “Determination of the eff ectiveness of fungicides in the spring tillering phase against a complex of harmful pathogens and their infl uence on the biometric parameters of plants and the yield of winter wheat.” The object of research was winter wheat of the variety Tanya sown according to its predecessor sunfl ower. The best economic indicators were obtained in variants where winter wheat seeds were treated with Baritone, KS and Lamador Pro, KS. Thus, the net profi t from 1 hectare in them amounted to 39 009,7–40 102,9 rubles, the level of profi tability was 124,8–126,4 %, which was 73,8–75,4 abs.% more than in the option with using the drug Dividend Supreme, KS. When using the fungicide Abrusta, KS in winter wheat crops, the best economic indicators were also obtained. The net profi t per 1 hectare in them amounted to 47 711,5 rubles, the level of profi tability was 134,1 %, which was 64,9 abs.% more than in the control.

INVESTIGATING THE COMPARATIVE ANTIOXIDANT PARTITIONING IN FRIED OILS AND FRIED POTATOES: A SCIENTIFIC EVALUATION

Frying is a complex process that enhances the attractiveness and flavor of the final product. In this specific investigation, potato slices were subjected to frying using sun flower oil, and an antioxidant was introduced at a concentration of 200 ppm in accordance with FDA guidelines. Both the potato slices and the frying oil were analyzed to determine the levels of antioxidants after several frying cycles. The primary objective of this research was to evaluate the distribution of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), tertiary butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ), and propyl gallate (PG) in the fried potato slices and the frying oils. To conduct the experiments, batches of 50 grams of sliced potatoes were fried at 180ºC for 3-5 minutes per batch. The results showed that TBHQ demonstrated a superior ability to retain antioxidants compared to the other two types. TBHQ experienced significant degradation at frying temperatures, which likely contributes to the stability of the frying oil. The by-products generated during this degradation process impede the radical chain elongation process. As a result, the effectiveness of the antioxidants followed this order: TBHQ > BHA > PG.

Moringa oleifera Oil Nutritional and Safety Impact on Deep-Fried Potatoes.

Aiming to understand the nutritional impact of Moringa oleifera oil (MOO) on the quality of fried potatoes as consumed, a frying study using intermittent frying at 180 °C was conducted over 5 days, with a total heating time of 15 h, against olive (OO) and sunflower (SFO) oils. Additionally, due to MOO's higher costs, a SFO/MOO blend (80/20 w/w) was tested. With similar fat incorporation and moisture contents, potato lipid composition revealed the impact of oil oxidation over the frying time, gradually decreasing the content of unsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, including vitamin E, carotenoids and ascorbic acid, and increasing the incorporation of trans fatty acids (TFAs) and volatile aldehydes. When the potatoes fried at the ninth hour of heating are compared, MOO and OO were still able to protect potato ascorbic acid better than SFO, due to the low oxidative stress imposed by their fatty-acid composition. SFO, on the contrary, with linoleic acid as the main fatty acid, and despite its higher content of vitamin E, demonstrated higher oxidative stress and increased incorporation of alkenals and alkadienals. Acrylamide content was generally low, as were the trans fatty acids formed and incorporated with frying time, with MOO fried potatoes having lower amounts of all these process contaminants. Interestingly, the blend SFO/MOO (80/20 w/w) doubled the amount of vitamin E in fried potatoes when compared with SFO alone, increased the ascorbic acid protection and reduced by half the amounts of volatile aldehydes, indicative of an efficient reduction of the oxidative status of the SFO-fried potatoes, with benefits to the consumer from a health point of view.

Effectiveness of rearing Russian sturgeon with the introduction of highprotein feed concentrate Gorlinka to the diet

Formulating nutritionally balanced aquaculture feed is critical to ensuring that they meet the needs of aquatic animals. Fish is recognized as an essential component of a well-balanced diet as it provides healthy energy, high-quality proteins, vitamins (D, A, E and B12), essential metals (Se,Mn and Cu) and especially Omega-3, which play a vital role in human health from conception to all stages of human development, maturation and aging. The purpose of the research was to increase the effi ciency of growing Russian sturgeon by introducing high-protein feed concentrate Gorlinka into the diet partially or instead of sunfl ower cake. In order to conduct an experiment to study the eff ect of the feed concentrate Gorlinka, 4 groups of juvenile Russian sturgeon (one control and three experimental groups) of 50 animals in each were formed. The average live weight of juveniles at the beginning of the experiment was 100 g; the duration of the experiment was 175 days. In the compound feed for juvenile sturgeon of the experimental groups, the feed concentrate Gorlinka was introduced instead of sunfl ower presscake: the 1st experimental group – 50 %, the 2nd experimental group – 75 %. In the 3rd experimental group, sunfl ower presscake was completely replaced with Gorlinka feed concentrate. As a result of the research, the optimal dosage of replacing sunfl ower presscake with feed concentrate Gorlinka was established in the amount of 75 % (the 2nd experimental group) when growing Russian sturgeon, where the profi tability level was 31,69 %. The use of Gorlinka feed concentrate in aquafeed for Russian sturgeon helps to increase the economic effi ciency of its rearing by increasing productivity and reducing the cost of aquafeed. Thus, the level of profi tability in the experimental groups was higher by 2,47–6,67 abs.% compared to the control group that did not receive this concentrate.

Oleogelation of sunflower-linseed oils with carnauba wax as an innovative strategy for shortening substitution in cakes

The aim of this study was to fabricate a carnauba wax oleogel with improved nutritional characteristics including reduced ω6:ω3 ratio and heightened alpha-linolenic acid through sunflower (SO): linseed oil (LO) in various ratios (100:0, 80:20, 70:30, 50:50, 30:70, 20:80, and 0:100 %), for potential shortening substitution in cakes. Combining LO with SO up to 50 % improved oleogel properties considering intra- or intermolecular hydrogen bonding and crystallinity. These oleogels had similar thermal behavior and better morphological structure than oleogel prepared exclusively with SO (100 SO), with reasonable oil binding capacity and oxidation stability. Moreover, 50SO/50LO achieved reasonable ω6:ω3 ratio (1.49), and a healthier lipid profile compared to 100 SO (390.7). The prepared cakes with 70 % shortening substitution using oleogel were accepted in the sensory assay, and leads to a significant reduction in ω6:ω3 ratio (77.64 %), and lipid peroxidation (P < 0.05), so introduced as an optimal formulation for enhanced cake nutrition.