Heidegger's Philosophy Research Articles

SIGNIFICANCE OF METAPHYSICS’ CRITICISM IN M. HEIDEGGER'S CREATIVITY

Despite various interpretations of Heidegger's philosophy, he is undeniably a deep critic of the metaphysical tradition in European philosophy. His task of overcoming metaphysics once again aroused interest in the fundamental issues of life in the era of the total dominance of private sciences. In the article, the authors explore the concept of metaphysics and its criticism in the work of M. Heidegger, as well as subsequent interpretations, in particular by O. Peggeler (“New Ways with Heidegger”, 1992). Criticism of metaphysics was a necessary condition for overcoming it to build a fundamental ontology. Having experienced the influence of Nietzsche, Heidegger does not remain a Nietzschean, because he considers him the last metaphysician to be overcome. In this regard, Peggeler recognizes Heidegger's main work not as “Being and Time”, but as “Reports to Philosophy” (1936), where he sought to reveal the primary sources of the concept of metaphysics. Heidegger's views regarding the interpretation of the development of metaphysics in different historical eras are specially considered.

A infinitude do corpo como abertura para o filosofar em Merleau-Ponty

The aim of this article is to reflect the relationship of the body and its finitude to philosophize in Merleau-Ponty. It is a matter of reflecting on death as a dimension of the constitutive finitude of the body itself, which cannot be denied or avoided, but as a gift to the body in its finitude. Thus, Merleau-Ponty is not about death in his philosophy but about finitude. There is a correlation between Heidegger's and Merleau-Ponty's philosophy in the discussion of finitude, which is not surprising, because for the readers of these philosophers, the influence of Heideggerian thought in some conceptions of Merleau-Ponty's philosophy is perceived, either as approach or distance. In Heidegger, the reflection on death serves as a foundation for an authentic existence, since he is concerned with the question of the meaning of being, he carries out an existential analysis of man, the only entity in which being unfolds. It is in this sense that he proposes to think about the problem of the human and, consequently, his relations with the world, with others and with his own finitude. For Merleau-Ponty, finitude is taken as an experience of the finitude of one's own body and as an opening to authentic philosophizing that opens up in perception. When finitude is not considered as a presence of the body, one lives on the periphery of incarnate existence, as it cannot understand either birth or death as the unfolding of the same event in life. This understanding goes through the perceptual experience of the finitude of apprehending that both birth and death reveal how we are immersed by the body in sensitivity. It is the experience of the body that now enters the scene through the experience of finitude. This metamorphosis or constitutive paradox triggered in the experience of the body only attests that the reflection on death does not take place in a pure intellectual act that seeks to think about this dimension that, like birth, is beyond our control, but it is necessary to understand the finitude of the body. Facticity is the certainty that we are present in the world and that time is not outside of us, but happens through us. Thus, when weaving the web of perceptual experience, it - time - becomes, in its own sense, what allows us to understand exactly the belonging of the world to the subject and the subject to himself as an experience of finitude. For this reason, Merleau-Ponty insists that philosophy cannot ignore the problem of finitude because it would be to deny itself as a presence that wonders about the origin. Before asking what death is, it is necessary to experience the experience of finitude that makes the act of questioning philosophical.

How Does “the God” Come into the Philosophy of Heidegger?

Abstract In this interview, Jean Greisch discusses the 1979 Colloquium Heidegger et la Question de Dieu, his original contribution to the published volume, and its impact on his later work. Greisch first situates the conference within the reception history of Heidegger as well as the critical advancements of Levinas and Derrida that made such a questioning of God palatable within the French philosophical context. He argues that theological thinking delivers an important challenge to philosophical thinking, and reflects on what such a meeting point could mean. Finally he voices a double challenge to Heidegger, not only in his forgetting of the Hebraic tradition, but his complicity with Nazi antisemitism, while yet advising against a wholesale rejection of Heidegger’s insights.

Heideggers Denken. Anmerkungen zur Rezeptionsgeschichte der Philosophie

El presente artículo parte de la afirmación de que la historia de la filosofía se ha objetualizado en escritos, obras y discursos, que constituyen la base de su recepción. Se indaga en segundo lugar si esta recepción permite captar lo más propio de lo que es la filosofía y no solamente la comprensión de la misma desde la perspectiva europea. Con base en este punto de partida se reflexiona en torno al carácter propio de la filosofía en Martin Heidegger, resaltando la influencia de ésta más allá de su recepción académico-institucional (caso de los Cuadernos negros, por ejemplo). Los puntos fundamentales que se enuncian al respecto son: a) no se puede decir que Heidegger tenga una filosofía, pues él mismo no admite etiqueta alguna, b) si la actividad filosófica se convierte en una profesión –se institucionaliza–, cuya técnica consiste en poner simplemente en relación la lectura de textos, se pierde allí lo que realmente debe acontecer: el pensar mismo, c) es por ello que con el pensar mismo no se trata de resultados alrededor del conocimiento, sino de caminos y encaminamientos (Be-Wegung), d) tal pensar no produce conceptos estables, sino términos que en el movimiento del pensar se transforman y conducen a neologismos, e) de esta manera el asunto del pensar es un Nicht-Sache o un Un-Sache, algo no señalable, f) en la pregunta por el sentido del ser se despliega el espacio y el tiempo en el que se puede encaminar el pensar.

On Existence, Poetic Revealing, and the Work of Art

Research Article| November 01 2020 On Existence, Poetic Revealing, and the Work of Art: Interview with Mehdi Saadeti Mark Featherstone Mark Featherstone Mark Featherstone is senior lecturer in sociology at Keele University in the United Kingdom. His research focuses on the history of utopias and dystopias in philosophy, culture, and art. He is currently working on a book on the relationship between the Western idea of utopia, Asian thought, and art. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Cultural Politics (2020) 16 (3): 322–339. https://doi.org/10.1215/17432197-8593522 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter Email Permissions Search Site Citation Mark Featherstone; On Existence, Poetic Revealing, and the Work of Art: Interview with Mehdi Saadeti. Cultural Politics 1 November 2020; 16 (3): 322–339. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/17432197-8593522 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter Books & JournalsAll JournalsCultural Politics Search Advanced Search In this interview emerging Iranian artist Mehdi Saadeti discusses his career and the existentialist themes present in his work. After discovering Saadeti’s work Metamorphosis in the summer of 2019, Mark Featherstone interviewed the artist in January 2020, exploring key themes relating to the experience of exile, the politics of art, and the Heideggerian philosophy of poetry and the revealing of being. Given the contemporary age characterized by mobility, homelessness, technological rationality, and increasingly desperate attempts to make sense of processes of globalization that seem to generate chaos, Saadeti’s work is important because it speaks to key concerns of cultural politics in the early twenty-first century by drawing on existential thought and the tradition of abstraction in art to try to imagine meaningful worlds.Mehdi Saadeti was born in 1981 in the Iranian city of Tabriz. Following his bachelor’s- and master’s-level education in the architecture... © 2020 Duke University Press2020 Issue Section: Articles You do not currently have access to this content.

Martin Heideggers Festrede "Gelassenheit": die Frage nach dem Wesen der Technik und dem Denken des Menschen

The main objective of this article is to elucidate, from the discourse Gelassenheit, which occurred in 1955, problems that pervade Martin Heidegger's late philosophy, especially with regard to the issue of technique and human thought. To problematize the technique implies establishing the distinction between meditative thinking and calculating thinking, in addition to calling into question the position of the human being in the totality proper to the entity. The technique would therefore be a way of claiming the individual and a transformation of his essence, as well as one of the faces of the consummation of nihilism present in the current era. Palavras-chave: Serenidade. Técnica. Heidegger. Pensamento histórico do ser.

Fixing to die: Kazuo Ishiguro’s reinvention of the Bildungsroman

ABSTRACT The Bildungsroman could be described as a ‘future-facing' genre, in that its protagonist is exposed to the vicissitudes of life, gains experience, and comes of age; he or she, in other words, learns how to live. The horizon of such stories, beyond just the events being depicted, is the individual's life to come. In this paper, by contrast, I argue that a significant part of the coming-of-age process is the subject's confrontation with mortality. This kind of encounter is crucial to Martin Heidegger's philosophy, wherein he suggests that an authentic self can only be discovered via a confrontation with one's own finitude. In similar fashion, to leave one's childhood behind, in the classic Bildungsroman denouement, can be seen in this Heideggerian light as a coming to terms with the end of life. This complex interplay between maturity and mortality is starkly evident in Kazuo Ishiguro’s 2005 novel, Never Let Me Go. Whilst it is frequently read as science fiction because of its concern with the ethics of cloning and organ harvesting, I consider it instead as an inverted Bildungsroman. Rather than a passage to adulthood and future life, the protagonist must come to terms with certain death; rather than learning how to live, she (and her fellow clones) must instead learn how to die. This essay shows how Ishiguro attests to the continued pertinence of the Bildungsroman form, even as he seeks to update it in the face of technological change.

Religious Conflict in Terms of Martin Heidegger's Philosophy of Existentialism

This paper aims to provide an overview of the process and construction of religious conflict, including genealogy, forms, and analysis of religious conflict causes. Further, this research also provides an in-depth analysis of religious conflicts from Martin Heidegger's existentialist philosophy. The methodology employed in this paper is hermeneutics. The research result indicates that the root of religious conflict is fear in facing increasingly modern life. The existence of this fear reduces the presence of the possibility. In the context of Martin Heidegger's existentialist philosophy, the experience is a process of being as Dasein to exist. Therefore religious conflict tends to be taken as a priority decision due to the lack of awareness of existential possibilities. The paper contributes to society in the sense that education must be accessible without any obstacles because, through knowledge, a broader perspective can be obtained since the right to education must be placed prior the right to exist.

Immanence in «Being and time»

The purpose of this article is to lay out an attempt to analyze the concept of immanence in the famous work of Martin Heidegger «Being and time». Undoubtedly, as we will remind throughout the entire work, the very concept of immanence, taken in the strictest sense of the word, cannot be applied to the philosophical calculations of Heideggerian philosophy without, in one way or another, changing the very essential foundations of his philosophy. However, our analysis is aimed, without touching on these grounds, to trace a possible way to clarify those conceptual premises that could reveal, albeit not in an explicit form, the inner structure of Heidegger's philosophical project, or, to be more precise, the way by which within the textual structure itself (and, accordingly, the conceptual and terminological structure), the process of the internal genesis of the immanent space takes place, expressed in the correlative organization of essential constituents, which have the decisive importance both for Heidegger and for our project — being and entity.

Heideggerian structures of Being-with in the nurse–patient relationship: modelling phenomenological analysis through qualitative meta-synthesis

Heideggerian philosophy is frequently chosen as a philosophical framing, and/or a hermeneutic analytical structure in qualitative nursing research. As Heideggerian philosophy is dense, there is merit in the development of scholarly resources that help to explain discrete Heideggerian concepts and to uncover their relevance to contemporary human experience. This paper uses a meta-synthesis methodology to pool and synthesise findings from 29 phenomenological research reports on Being-with in the nurse-patient relationship. We firstly considered and secured the most relevant Heideggerian elements to nurse-patient Being-with (Dasein-with, circumspection, solicitude, and discourse). Under these deductive codes, we then inductively developed sub-themes that seemed to explain the multifaceted nature of Being-with, through a secondary analysis and synthesis of published data from 417 patient, carer and nurse participants. Dasein-with was enhanced when nurses had first-hand experience with a phenomenon. Nurses moved between the inauthentic they-mode (task-orientated busyness, existential abandonment, rough handling and deficient modes of concern in potentially violent encounters), and the authentic self-mode (seeking connection [knowing], and openness [unknowing], which exposed their emotional vulnerability). Through circumspection (making room for, deseverance and directionality), technology and people were encountered environmentally feeding into nursing attention, assessment and communication. Nursing as a social arrangement (solicitude) was expressed through either leaping-in care (also perceived as 'power over') or leaping-ahead care (moving the patient towards independence). There was a place for both inauthentic (idle talk) and authentic discourse (including non-verbal and spiritual discourse) that nurses wove through the ontic everydayness of nursing tasks.

Значение рациональности в философии Хайдеггера

Значение рациональности в философии Хайдеггера

Being active 1\xbd\u2009years after hip fracture: a qualitative interview study of aged adults\u2019 experiences of meaningfulness

BackgroundBeing active is vital and a source of well-being. However, 18 months after hip fracture (HF), progress seems to have come to a halt. Aged adults may feel vulnerable, experiencing ongoing dependency and limited possibilities for socializing. How they experience the meaningfulness of being active during these circumstances is unknown. The aim of this study was to explore experiences of the meaningfulness of being active for aged adults 18 months after HF.MethodsA phenomenological-hermeneutic methodology based on the philosophies of Heidegger and Gadamer was applied. Data were collected using individual interviews conducted in participants’ homes. The study was part of a longitudinal study, and three former interviews helped build trusting relationships with participants and focus the semi-structured interview guide. An existential theory of well-being and suffering considering health to be a balancing of mobility and dwelling was applied.Participants were nine aged adults 65 years or older with pre-fracture dependency included in the study 18 months earlier while still in hospital after HF. The interpretation was a process of analyzing data by moving between the parts and the whole as a means of gaining a deeper understanding and continuously testing pre-understandings. The analysis followed five steps: a) getting a sense of the whole b) delineating and condensing meaning units, c) interpreting meaning units, d) relating to study purpose, and e) developing themes and sub-themes.ResultsTwo main themes emerged. The main-theme “Feeling the continuity of life “had four sub-themes: “Gratitude for present possibilities, ““Connected with earlier life-experience, ““Thoughtfully managing vulnerability, “and “Belonging with other people. “The main-theme “Feeling vulnerable “had two sub-themes: “Thwarted “and “Sad and regretting lost continuity in life.“.ConclusionsEighteen months after HF, aged adults seem to be struggling on their own to be active in meaningful ways. To maintain hope, relieve the strain in everyday life, and maintain a sense of safety and self-confidence, they may need help. However, to avoid suffering, there is a need to balance additional training and a struggle for progress with well-being experiences in terms of feeling gratitude, restoring a sense of normality, and feeling kinship with other people.

The dance of cystic fibrosis: Experiences of living with cystic fibrosis as an adult.

This study sought to understand the experience of living with cystic fibrosis (CF) as an adult. Cystic fibrosis is one of the most difficult chronic diseases to manage long term because of numerous challenges faced on a day-to-day basis. The majority of studies focus on improving symptom response to new treatment regimens with the hope of prolonging life. Yet few qualitative studies explore the experience of adults with CF. What is missing from the current literature are the voices of people living with CF, especially as they age. This study follows a hermeneutic phenomenology design guided by Martin Heidegger's philosophy. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine adults living with CF. Hermeneutic phenomenology guided the data interpretation. This manuscript follows COREQ reporting guidelines. Hermeneutic analysis revealed the overarching theme The Dance of Cystic Fibrosis which is supported by five themes: (a) the paradox of control, (b) living deaths, (c) dancing with death, (d) relearning to dance, and (e) role of the dance partner. The experience of living with CF as an adult is multidimensional and unique to each person. Despite the uniqueness, there is a shared experience that manifested as The Dance of Cystic Fibrosis. As life expectancy continues to increase for persons with CF, it is essential that researchers and healthcare professionals intentionally consider the life-prolonging effects of the treatment regimen alongside the persons' experience with those effects. Nurses at all levels of practice should be prepared to address the multifaceted experience of living with CF through thoughtful incorporation of open-ended questions. This allows patients to share their experience with nurses, augmenting their practice of delivering holistic care.

A hermeneutic phenomenological exploration of 'last resort' in the use of restraint.

Restraining patients is a practice that dates back at least three centuries. In recent years, there has been a mandate and advocacy in various countries for organizations to shift towards the minimization of restraint, whereby its use is only as a 'last resort'. There is growing evidence internationally indicating the negative impact of the use of restraint. However, to date there is no research specifically focusing on trying to understand the concept of 'last resort'. Further insights to explore this concept among mental health nurses are therefore warranted. The empirical research comprised a hermeneutic phenomenological study. By recruiting and interviewing thirteen mental health nurses from across Canada who had experiences of restraint use, the research aimed to generate a deeper understanding of the meanings and lived experiences of the concept of 'last resort'. Data were collected through fifteen in-depth interviews. Data analysis was undertaken through a hermeneutic phenomenological framework based on van Manen's approach and Heideggerian philosophy. Five Heideggerian concepts were used to illuminate 'last resort' in restraint use by mental health nurses - temporality, inauthenticity, thrownness, leaping in and leaping ahead, and mood (fear). Key findings highlight the influence of nurses' past experiences, how nursing staff adopt a collective (rather than individual) approach, and the dependency on knowledge and skills of others in using restraint as a 'last resort'. Overall, the lived experience of 'last resort' is comprised of many elements. This study provides insights and an initial understanding, which is hoped to advance the field of restraint minimization.

Poetics of History, Logics of Collapse: On Heidegger's Hölderlin

The question of Heidegger's Nazism has been raised and reignited across the history of the philosopher's reception. Scholarly accounts of the relationship between Heidegger's philosophy and politics abound, but relatively few focus their attention on the substantial connection between Heidegger's reading of Hölderlin and the ideology that facilitated his choice to follow Nazism. Those who acknowledge this connection generally tend toward careless confusion of Heidegger's interpretation and Hölderlin's actual thought, despite ample evidence that Heidegger's reading amounts to a radical distortion of the poet's words. This essay accounts for Heidegger's misreading through the apocryphal poem “In lieblicher Bläue,” which Heidegger mistakenly attributes to Hölderlin. This is followed by a critique of Heidegger's interpretation through an exposition of Hölderlin's theory of Greek tragedy and the poetics of his late hymns. Theory and praxis alike stand opposed to Heidegger's aesthetic enterprise, and they defy any attribution of proto‐Nazism to Hölderlin himself.

Le (mi)lieu de la nature. Heidegger en dialogue avec Watsuji

The aim of the text is to approach the philosophical sense of the natural world through the crossreading of Martin Heidegger’s notion of φύσις and Tetsurō Watsuji’s notion of fūdo (風土). In the first place is elucidated the sense of fūdo as an objective medium of human existence in confrontation with early Heideggerian analysis of spatiality. We highlight the phenomenological approach of Watsuji to the natural environment and his critique of Heideggerian philosophy centered on temporality. In the second part, the accent is put on the Heideggerian reading of the concept of φύσις and his new conception of place and spatiality. We show in what sense φύσις becomes the place of “presencing” and the very mediality of appropriation. This approach can enrich and radicalize the perspective of Watsuji seeing in fūdo an objective, and yet not naturalistic, response to the subjectivistic philosophy.

Die Bedeutung der Bildung: Im Gespräch mit Martin Heidegger und Hannah Arendt. Ein Vortrag gehalten am 18.06.2018 an der Universität Augsburg

The importance of education: In conversation with Martin Heidegger and Hannah Arendt. The text is a lecture delivered in German at Augsburg University in 2018. Its aim was to share with German colleagues from the Faculty of Philosophy and Social Sciences (including both Philosophy and Education) the research whose effect was the publication of Hannah Arendt and Martin Heidegger. Philosophy, modernity and education (American edition 2019). The thesis of this lecture (and the book) is that Arendt’s answer to Heidegger’s philosophy, intelligible only within the wide context of both thinkers’ struggles with the philosophical tradition of the West, also opens up a new horizon of conceptualizing the relationship between philosophy and education. This enterprise begins with a critical reconstruction of concepts that traditionally connected education to philosophy. Thereafter, it is a development of Arendt’s thesis of the broken thread of tradition, situated in the wider context of Heideggerian philosophy and his entanglement with Nazism, and consequently, it questions the traditional relationship between philosophy and education. In the final parts of this book returns the problem of dialogue between philosophy, thinking, and university education in times whose political and ethical framework is no longer determined by the continuity of tradition, but the caesura of 20th‑century totalitarianism.

Rethinking the German nation as German Dasein: intellectuals and Heidegger’s philosophy in contemporary German New Right nationalism

ABSTRACT Most scholarship on far-right parties focuses on populism while largely ignoring the role of intellectualism. Disregarding the increasing support by well-educated voters, much of this literature appears to presume that populism and intellectualism in the far-right are separate rather than complementary phenomena. Against this view, this article uses Skinner’s concept of ‘innovating ideologists’ to explore the role of Heideggerian philosophy in the interplay between German New Right (GNR) intellectualism and Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) populism. To do so, Heidegger’s conception of ‘people’ is outlined before turning to the GNR’s use of these concepts in articles, books and speeches, by both GNR intellectuals and leading AfD members. The analysis shows that GNR and AfD actors refer to Heideggerian philosophy both in the context of intellectual circles and to wider audiences to legitimize an exclusive idea of nationhood based not on the illicit idea of race but on a more acceptable idea of history. The findings suggest that intellectualism and populism in the German far-right are closely connected. The article concludes that neglecting GNR intellectualism means underestimating the GNR’s and AfD’s capacity to bring about social change.

Heideggerian Existence after Being and Time: In the Nameless ─ and a Brief Comparison of Namelessness and the Underlying Philosophy of Language between Heideggerian and Buddhist Perspectives

Abstract In this article, the importance of the namelessness of language will be firstly explained through an analysis of authenticity in Heideggerian philosophy, and will be further clarified by way of the phenomenon of “profound boredom” from his Freiburg lecture. As the exploration of namelessness in Heideggerian philosophy plays a crucial role in bridging the gap between East and West, a brief comparison concerning the idea of namelessness and its underlying philosophy of language between the Heideggerian and the madhyamaka Buddhist tradition will also be discussed.

Reception of Heidegger’s Notion of the Essence of Technology in the “Empirical Turn” Philosophy of Technology

In this article some important aspects of Heidegger’s philosophy of technology is addressed. It is argued against Don Ihde’s observation that Heidegger’s philosophy of technology mostly concerns the large scale technological phenomena of industrial revolution – actually in Heidegger’s oeuvre we can find reflection on such micro-scale post-industrial technologies as cybernetics, biotechnologies etc. The critique of the essentialism of Heideggerian philosophy of technology by such authors as Andrew Feenberg, Don Ihde and Peter-Paul Verbeek is presented. It is suggested that earlier Heidegger’s concept of the essence of technology as “machination” (Machenschaft) is less susceptible to such criticism: whether technologies are exploitative and turning nature into “standing reserve”, or whether they are ecological and nature-friendly, whether they are understood as autonomous force, or democratically controlled process – it could be said that through contemporary technologies reality is increasingly turned into artifice and entities are revealed as makeable and producible.