Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University Research Articles

Moulding Test and Process Parameter Optimization of Biomass Seedling Pots for Cow Dung and Corn Stover

In order to determine the optimal moulding process parameters of biomass seedling pots prepared from fermented cow dung mixed with corn stover, the moulding pressure, baking time, and baking temperature of biomass seedling pots were taken as the influencing factors, and the expansion rate, durability rate, wet swelling rate (48 h), and resistance to damage were taken as the evaluation indexes, and the Box–Behnken design of the response surface method was used to analyze the significance of interactions among the different influencing factors in the moulding process of biomass seedling pots and to optimize the moulding process. The experiment was conducted in the Biomass Laboratory of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University. The response surface method Box–Behnken design was used to analyze the significance of the interaction between different influencing factors in the biomass seedling pots moulding process and optimize the moulding process. The results showed that the optimum moulding process conditions obtained using the Box–Behnken design were the following: a moulding pressure of 520.393 kN, baking temperature of 202.870 °C, and baking time of 8.573 min. The model was validated by testing and a response value of 10.522% was obtained for expansion, 99.598% for durability rate, 11.145% for wet swelling (48 h), and 4503.545 N for resistance to damage. The experimental verification showed that the deviation of the actual value obtained under this condition from the predicted value is less than 5%, indicating that the model reproduces well and meets the experimental requirements. Based on the optimal moulding process conditions determined in this experiment, the total porosity, EC, and pH of the Biomass seedling pots were determined to be 67.32%, 1.63 mS/cm, and 6.7, respectively, which met the seedling requirements.

First Report of Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum spaethianum on Iris lactea in Daqing, China.

Iris lactea Pall. has high ornamental value and strong drought resistance, which can be used as a useful sand-stabilization and ornamental plant. In September 2021, typical anthracnose symptoms on I. lactea were found in the campus of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University (125°10'45.31"E, 46°35'36.88"N), Daqing, China. Disease incidence varied from 37 to 51% at four survey sites (~20 m2 per site) of approximately 1,000 plants. Initially brown lesions with a yellow halo, and gray in the center were observed on the leaves. As disease progressed, the lesions expanded rapidly, resulting in dieback. To identify the pathogen, symptomatic tissues were excised from four infected leaves of four individual plants, surface sterilized for 1 min in 75% ethanol, washed twice with sterile water, plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) contain 0.5 g/L streptomycin sulfate, and incubated at 25℃ for 3 to 4 days under dark conditions. Four morphologically similar fungal isolates (Irs-1 to -4) were obtained by using a single-spore isolation. After growth on PDA for 17 days at 25℃, a circular like zonation colonies with a color of greyish to gray green were observed. On the reverse side, circular like with zig-zag zonation colonies light brown to light black from the margin to the center. Conidiophores were pale brown, septate. Conidia were hyaline, aseptate, curved or slightly curved, round, or somewhat acute apex, base truncate, unicellular, whose sizes ranged at 18.5 ± 2.3 × 4.6 ± 0.7 μm (n = 170), with length/width ratio 4.04. Appressoria were in oval, star, or irregular shape, with brown color with sizes approximately at 13.3 ± 2.1 × 10.4 ± 2.1 μm (n = 30). These morphological characteristics are consistent with Colletotrichum spaethianum with curved conidia (Damm et al. 2009). For molecular identification, primers ITS1/ITS4 (Schoch et al. 2012), GDF1/GDR1 (Guerber et al. 2003), ACT-512F/ACT-783R and CHS-354R/CHS-79F (Carbone and Kohn 1999) were used to amplify the partial region of rDNA-ITS, a 200-bp intron of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), a partial sequence of the actin (ACT), and chitin synthase 1 (CHS-1) from fresh mycelia of the four isolates (Irs-1 to -4), respectively. The sequences were submitted to GenBank (ITS: OM004553, OP804624, OR029392, and OR029391; GAPDH: OP883938, OP883939, OR060963, and OR060962; ACT: OP883940, OP883941, OR060965, and OR060964; CHS: OP868844, OP868845, OR046504, and OR046503). Phylogenetic analysis based on the ITS, GAPDH, ACT and CHS gene sequences indicated that isolates obtained in this study were all clustered with C. spaethianum. Pathogenicity test was conducted by inoculating mycelial plugs on the I. lactea seedlings (2 seedlings with 4 to 5 leaves per isolate). Two seedlings inoculated with sterilized PDA plugs were used as control. All inoculated plants were maintained in humid chamber at 25℃ under dark, and typical anthracnose symptoms were observed up to 6 days after inoculation, while the control leaves were asymptomatic. The same pathogen was successfully re-isolated and phenotypically identical to the original isolates to fulfill Koch's postulates. C. spaethianum has been described on Hemerocalis flava (Vieira and Michereff 2014) and Allium fistulosum (Santana et al. 2016) in Brazil, Polygonatum cyrtonema in China (Ma et al. 2020), Iris germanica in Japan (Sato et al. 2012). To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. spaethianum causing anthracnose disease on I. lactea in Daqing, China.

Detoxification enzymes associated with flupyradifurone resistance in greenhouse whitefly

AbstractGreenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood) occurs frequently in protected areas of north China and is a serious threat to vegetables. Chemical control is the main method used to kill greenhouse whitefly; however, this has led to the selection of resistance to chemical pesticides. Therefore, the study of pesticide resistance is of great significance for the sustainable management of greenhouse whitefly. From 2019 to 2021, the development of flupyradifurone resistance in greenhouse whitefly was assessed in the entomological Laboratory of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University of China. After F7 generations of screening, the resistance increased 15.33 times. Synergistic agents were significantly enhanced, and the activities of multifunctional oxidase, carboxylesterase, and glutathione sulfur transferase were significantly increased in resistant strains compared with sensitive strains of the greenhouse whitefly. Sixteen detoxifying enzyme genes were detected by using RT‐PCR, and the expression levels of 11 detoxifying enzyme genes were significantly increased in resistant strains. These include eight P450 genes in the CYP4, CYP6, CYP18, CYP301, CYP304, and CYP314 families; two CarE genes in the Clade C and Clade E families; and one GST gene in the Sigma family. Several of these family members have been reported as detoxification enzyme genes of metabolic insecticide. This study showed that P450, CarE and GST together resulted in moderate resistance to flupyradifurone in greenhouse whitefly. The analysis revealed several overexpressed detoxification enzyme genes that will be the focus of future studies on the mechanism of resistance to flupyradifurone.

Research on the Fusion Course System Based on Improving Employability Under the Background of Application-Orientated Undergraduate

Facing the development of “Internet +” and the demand of diversified talents in the market, excellent talents with computer operation ability are increasingly needed by all trades and professions. This “ability” added to professional skills will enhance the employment competitiveness to a great extent. Therefore, the traditional employment mode and talent training mode need to be transformed by various integrated means to adapt to the change in employment status. By analyzing the current situation and employment of agricultural application-oriented universities, the fusion course is put forward in this paper, taking the construction of the Office Automation course, a platform course of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, as an example.

Studies on the Backward Transfer of Interlanguage Syntactic Structure—Taking Temporal Adverbial Clause as an Example

The research focuses on the language transfer in L2 and L1 environment. The paper explores the language backward transfer from L2 (English) to L1 (Chinese) for mainland Chinese students in Australia as well as in China. With long time scholars concentrated on the forward transfer from L1 to L2 and profited a lot. However, there is some evidence reflected that backward transfer from L2 to L1 may take place in L2 and L1 environment, even in some academic occasion, L1 syntactic rules are losing. In this study, participants are mainland Chinese undergraduates from University of Newcastle and Hei Longjiang Bayi Agricultural University to complete translation and writing tasks. The aim of the paper is to investigate whether the backward transfer occurs in sentence translation and discourse level and the relationship between the backward transfer and L2 proficiency. The expected results are that backward transfer can happen both in L2 and L1 environment and the higher L2 proficiency can decrease backward transfer. In view of this, the research can reflect the complexity of language backward transfer and the relationship with L2 proficiency.

Empirical Study on the Graduate Destination from Local Agricultural Colleges and Universities—Taking the X School of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University as an Example

Empirical Study on the Graduate Destination from Local Agricultural Colleges and Universities—Taking the X School of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University as an Example

Empirical Study on the Entrance Examination of Students in Applied General Agricultural Colleges- Taking the X School of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University as an Example

Empirical Study on the Entrance Examination of Students in Applied General Agricultural Colleges- Taking the X School of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University as an Example

Research on the Phenomenon of “Chinese Culture Aphasia” among the College Students in China—Based on a Survey Study of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University

In an era of globalization, our societies have become increasingly multicultural. And along with the deepening reform of college English teaching in China, cultural teaching plays a more important role in the cultivation of students’ humanistic qualities. A questionnaire and a cultural test paper were conducted to investigate the phenomenon of the “Chinese Culture Aphasia” of college English teaching in Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University. According to analyses of the research, English teachers of our university have tried to study its causes and explore the ways to integrate Chinese culture into English teaching to fully promote students’ humanistic qualities. In the process of teaching, the language skills teaching and the humanistic education will be united to cultivate students’ cultural critical thinking, to develop their international cultural horizons, to realize the curriculum ideology of the “whole-person education” in English teaching.

The Application of the Spirit of Beidahuang on Teaching Agricultural and Forestry Talents with Mass Entrepreneurship and Innovation: A Case Study of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University in China

The Application of the Spirit of Beidahuang on Teaching Agricultural and Forestry Talents with Mass Entrepreneurship and Innovation: A Case Study of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University in China

“Class Characteristic Project Construction” to Promote Study Style Construction Practice—Take College of Food Science of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University as an Example

Based on the practical exploration of class characteristic project construction in the past 7 years of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, this article introduces the construction of class characteristic projects in terms of construction background, construction ideas, project implementation steps, main results and experience obtained. Practice has shown that the project construction has a positive significance and promotion value for promoting the construction of academic style in colleges and universities.

Practice and Enlightenment of Cooperation on PTRA for Internship in A&F Economics & Management—A Case of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University

Internship in major, internship in graduation and thesis are essential practical processes in A&F Economics & Management program for undergraduate students. In view of the problems in Internship in A&F Economics & Management, such as insufficient funding, unstable internship place, unsatisfactory effect, and so on, this paper discussed so many years’ practice of PTRA for internship in Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University using the method of case analysis. We concluded that PTRA for Internship in A&F Economics & Management may improve professional knowledge level and comprehensive practical ability of students, enhance professional and practical ability of teachers, overcome effectively the problem of insufficient internship funding, promote the reputation of the university and the major, which may be used as a reference for the internship in A&F Economics & Management in other agricultural colleges and universities.

Exploration of the Way for Red Associations to Promote the Construction of Campus Civilization in Colleges and Universities <br/>—Taking Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University as an Example

The construction of campus civilization is an important part of ideological and political education in colleges and universities. The construction of social organizations is an important carrier of ideological and political education in colleges and universities. Based on the analysis of the internal unity of red society and campus civilization construction, this paper takes the development of red society in Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University as an example, and emphatically expounds the way of red society promoting campus civilization construction.

Research on the Innovation of Reading Promotion Service Model of University Library Based on Readers’ Characteristics—Taking the Library of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University (HLAU) as an Example

Based on the practical experience of reading promotion in the library of HLAU in recent years, this paper analyzes the reasons for the bottleneck of reading promotion in university libraries, expounds the problems that need to be solved urgently in the promotion of reading from the theoretical basis, student resources, financial support and leadership attention and proposes future development trends and directions, thus providing an effective way of reading promotion for the libraries of agricultural colleges and universities.

A Practical Research on Improving Reader’s Reading Literacy by Using WeChat Service under the Perspective of PIRLS and PISA2018

With the effective development of PIRLS and PISA2018 in China, research on reading literacy has developed more and more, while reading literacy has become a key indicator of a country’s soft power. The university library is an important place to cultivate college students’ reading literacy and has the responsibility of reading education. The development of WeChat services in colleges and universities provides a new way for their reading literacy training. Taking the library of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University as an example, this paper expounds the construction of WeChat platform and the situation of WeChat service, and puts forward the main ways of improving the reading literacy of college students according to the actual work, aiming at giving full play for the university library to play their important role in the terms of cultivating the reading literacy of college students.

Structural deformation of nitro group of nitromethane molecule in liquid phase in an intense femtosecond laser field**Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 21673211 and 21203047), the Foundation of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, China (Grant No. XZR2014-16), and the Science Challenging Program of China (Grant No. JCKY2016212A501).

The structural deformation of NO2 group induced by an intense femtosecond laser field of liquid nitromethane (NM) molecule is detected by time- and frequency-resolved coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) technique with the intense pump laser. Here, we present the mechanism of molecular alignment and deformation. The CARS spectra and its FFT spectra of liquid NM show that the NO2 torsional mode couples with the CN symmetric stretching mode and that the NO2 group undergoes ultrafast structural deformation with a relaxation time of 195 fs. The frequency of the NO2 torsional mode in liquid NM (50.8 ± 0.3 cm−1) at room temperature is found. Our results prove the structural deformation of two groups in liquid NM molecule occur simultaneously in the intense laser field.

Tracking molecular structure deformation of nitrobenzene and its torsion–vibration coupling by intense pumping CARS**Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 21173063 and 21203047), the Foundation of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, China (Grant No. XZR2014-16), NSAF (Grant No. U1330106), and the Special Research Project of National Key Laboratory of Shock Wave and Detonation Physics, Institute of

The structural deformation induced by intense laser field of liquid nitrobenzene (NB) molecule, a typical molecule with restricting internal rotation, is tracked by time- and frequency-resolved coherent anti-Stokes. Raman spectroscopy (CARS) technique with an intense pump laser. The CARS spectra of liquid NB show that the NO2 torsional mode couples with the NO2 symmetric stretching mode, and the NB molecule undergoes ultrafast structural deformation with a relaxation time of 265 fs. The frequency of NO2 torsional mode in liquid NB (42 cm−1) at room temperature is found from the sum and difference combination bands involving the NO2 symmetric stretching mode and torsional mode in time- and frequency-resolved CARS spectra.

Discussion on Subject Knowledge Service Pattern of Agricultural University Libraries

Taking Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University as an example, the discipline service practice was explored from the aspects such as free network resources and tool use, subject navigation, subject librarians, information sharing space and information literacy education. The typical cases were provided; the optimization of utilization method of network resources was put forward; the subject theme navigation was developed; and the information sharing space of specific discipline and other working strategies were carried out. The experience and enlightenment of active service for subject construction, priority service for key subjects, subject service by lay and step and seizing of the opportunity of subject service were summarized, which developed ideas and provided reference to the establishment of deep subject services of general libraries of colleges and universities.

基于层次分析法建立大学生就业质量评价模型

本文旨在对现有的与大学毕业生就业质量及其评价体系相关的研究成果和文献进行查阅和梳理的基础上，通过文献筛选法，初步筛选出影响大学生就业质量的因素，确定了以就业岗位质量，学生就业满意度，社会满意度为一级指标，工作条件，工作环境，工作报酬，专业对口性，工作稳定性，职业发展前景，福利社会保障，企业评价，家长评价为二级指标，以优秀，良好，一般，较差，很差为评价结果，通过运用层次分析法构建大学生就业质量评价模型，利用Excel等软件进行统计分析，并以调查问卷的方式，统计黑龙江八一农垦大学信息与计算科学专业2013~2015届毕业生的就业质量评价情况，得到结果为就业质量良好。 This paper aimed at selecting the factors affecting the quality of university students' employment through the literature filtering method preliminarily, based on the consultancy and teasing of the existing research results and literature related to university graduates’ employment quality and its evaluation system. We determined the employment quality, student employment satisfaction, and social satisfaction as the first-level indicators; working conditions, work environment, work remu-neration, professional counterparts, work stability, career development prospects, social security, welfare enterprise evaluation and evaluation of parents as secondary indicators; and excellent, good, general, poor and very poor as the evaluation result. By using analytic hierarchy process to build employment quality evaluation model for university students, using Excel, etc. to carry out statistical analysis, and using questionnaire to count the employment quality evaluation states of 2011-2015 graduates from the information and computation science professional of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, we obtained the result that the quality of employment was good.

Suggestions Regarding Veterinary Education Based on the National Standard Veterinaran Qualification Examination in China

The national standard veterinarian qualification examination, which starts running in 2010 in China, is a major reform about management system of veterinary practitioners. The veterinary education is subjected to a new requirement due to the performance of the national standard veterinarian qualification examination. In the current review, the overview of veterinary education in Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University (HBAU) was described, and some positive suggestions were provided about the veterinary clinical diagnostics course, which is an important compulsory course undertaken by undergraduate, based on the national standard veterinarian qualification examination in China.