Heavy Usage Research Articles

Evidence Aware Neural Pornographic Text Identification for Child Protection

Identifying pornographic text online is practically useful to protect children from access to such adult content. However, some authors may intentionally avoid using sensitive words in their pornographic texts to take advantage of the lack of human audits. Without prior knowledge guidance, real semantics of such pornographic text is difficult to understand by existing methods due to its high context-sensitivity and heavy usage of figurative language, which brings huge challenges to the porn detection systems used in social media platforms. In this paper, we approach to the problem as a document-level porn identification task by locating and integrating sentence-level evidence and propose a novel Evidence-Aware Neural Porn Classification (eNPC) model. Specifically, we first propose a basic model which locates porn indicative sentences in the document with a multiple instance learning model, and then aggregate the sentence-level evidence to induce document label with self-attention mechanism. Moreover, we consider label dependencies within local context. Finally, we further enhance the sentence representation with prior knowledge produced by an automatic porn lexicon construction strategy. Extensive experimental results show that our model exhibits consistent superiority over competitors on two real-world Chinese novel datasets and an English story dataset.

Statistic Equation to Estimate the Amount of CO2 Emission Produced From High Traffic Density Roads

Energy consumption, especially the energy used for electricity supply has doubled in the past three decades, causing a drastic increase in the carbon emissions produced. Between 1990 and 2005 globally, the amount of CO2 emissions increased 25%. It is estimated that vehicles produce approximately 30% of the global NOx and 14% of global CO2 emissions. Egypt is the fourteenth biggest wellspring of CO2 emissions among all GEF program nations. It was proven that 66% of CO2 emissions comes from fossil fuel as a primary energy consuming source, playing a key role in the overall carbon intensity. The problem of this research is that the roads in developing countries produce a high level of carbon emissions, and the level is increasing due to the heavy usage of fossil fuels in the transportation sector. This research presents statistical analysis equation to analyse the amount of CO2 emissions produced from roads without using heavy and expensive equipment’s. Moreover, the equation can be used as a tool to estimate the amount of CO2 emissions produced from roads during the design phase in order to improve the design and reduce carbon emissions in roads. According to the statistics the main factors affecting the amount of CO2 produced in roads are the electricity generations, types of vehicles and vehicles speed. The research used experimental method to validate the equation by measuring CO2 emissions in high traffic density road using measuring device and compared the measuring results with the statistic equation results. The presented equation should help in reducing the amount of CO2 produced in roads, in return it will help in reducing the growth of global problems such as climate change and ozone depletion.

An Energy Efficient Qos Routing Protocol Based On Red Deer Algorithm In MANET

MANETs (Mobile ad hoc networks) are overloaded with their heavy usage choking traffic. Recent studies have been attempting to find feasibility of routes in these networks. Most proposed schemes have failed to consider the network traffic or MANET requirements. MANET routing done by RPs (Routing Protocols) would perform better when they adhere to QoS (Quality of Service) or application requirements. As a result, RPs must satisfy numerous QoS metrics at a time where soft computing algorithm based RPs are a solution to QoS routing problems. Evolutionary algorithm based routing do not achieve enough energy efficiency which is a major drawback. To overcome this drawback, this work, proposes Red Deer algorithm (RDA) based energy efficient QoS routing for MANETs called (RDA-EQRP). The proposed RDA based routing algorithm discovers the shortest path from a source to a destination which can consumes less energy while supporting the metrics such of reliability, bandwidth, SRC (Static Resource Capacity), Quality and delay. Simulation results show that proposed rotting scheme RDA-EQRP consumes lesser energy in MANET routing.

Exploring the trend of stream sulfate concentrations as U.S. power plants shift from coal to shale gas

Since the early 2000s, an increasing number of power plants in the U.S. have switched from burning coal to burning gas and thus have released less SO2 emissions into the atmosphere. We investigated whether stream chemistry (i.e., SO42−) also benefits from this transition. Using publicly available data from Pennsylvania (PA), a U.S. state with heavy usage of coal as fuel, we found that the impact of SO2 emissions on stream SO42− can be observed as far as 63 km from power plants. We developed a novel model that incorporates an emission-control technology trend for coal-fired power plants to quantify potentially avoided SO2 emissions and stream SO42− as power plants switched from coal to gas. The results show that, if 30% of the electricity generated by coal in PA in 2017 had been replaced by that from natural gas, a total of 20.3 thousand tons of SO2 emissions could have been avoided and stream SO42− concentrations could have decreased as much as 10.4%. Extrapolating the model to other states in the U.S., we found that as much as 46.1 thousand tons of SO2 emissions per state could have been avoided for a similar 30% coal-to-gas switch, with potential amelioration of water quality near power plants. The emission-control technology trend model provides a valuable tool for policy makers to assess the benefits of coal-to-gas shifts on water quality improvements as well as the effectiveness of emission control technologies.

Antibody heavy chain CDR3 length-dependent usage of human IGHJ4 and IGHJ6 germline genes.

Therapeutic antibody discovery using synthetic diversity has been proved productive, especially for target proteins not suitable for traditional animal immunization-based antibody discovery approaches. Recently, many lines of evidences suggest that the quality of synthetic diversity design limits the development success of synthetic antibody hits. The aim of our study is to understand the quality limitation and to properly address the challenges with a better design. Using VH3–23 as a model framework, we observed and quantitatively mapped CDR-H3 loop length-dependent usage of human IGHJ4 and IGHJ6 germline genes in the natural human immune repertoire. Skewed usage of DH2-JH6 and DH3-JH6 rearrangements was quantitatively determined in a CDR-H3 length-dependent manner in natural human antibodies with long CDR-H3 loops. Structural modeling suggests choices of JH help to stabilize antibody CDR-H3 loop and JH only partially contributes to the paratope. Our observations shed light on the design of next-generation synthetic diversity with improved probability of success.

Envisioning Arduino Action

Micro-controllers like Arduino are increasingly used in classroom settings to teach skills, attitudes and knowledge around technology. Education around these tools is often set in group contexts and collaboration is typically considered an important part of the learning process. However, much of the software tools currently available are still designed around a laptop programming paradigm that tends to restrict collaboration rather than encourage shifting of roles and sharing of experiences. This paper explores how to design tools that invite collaborative interactions, in particular how mobile software tools, with heavy usage of video as an interactive resource, could allow for collaborative sketching and understanding. Based on contextual inquiries with educators, observations and engagements with students in classroom settings, and a workshop with Arduino Education, this paper sketches out a vision for how the software tools used for learning physical computing can be re-designed to better work within the context of group work from the observations, for groups of students aged 14–16-years old.

Assessment of the Adoption of Organic and Conventional Farming Methods in Kisii Central Sub-County, Western Kenya

This study sought to determine the extent of adoption of various organic and conventional crop and soil management practices in the farms. Ten farms were sampled at an equidistance of one kilometre along a transect laid across each of the eight randomly selected sub-locations in the sub county. A sample size of 80 farms was randomly selected from the Sub-County. The eighty farms were regrouped into two; Organic and conventional farms. A survey of the crop management practises was carried out and the observed methods recorded down. The data collected was analyzed using the Statistical paired t test and descriptive statistics. Use of pesticides recorded the highest percentages (60%) in conventional methods while mulching recorded relatively high percentage (42%) in organic methods. Use of plastic cover recorded the lowest percentage of 4% in conventional methods while vermin-compositing was not embraced in conventional methods. Conventional methods were 3.33 points higher than organic (95% CI [-9.37596, 16.04263]). Conventional and Organic farming methods were strongly and negatively correlated (r = -0.069, p > 0.05). However, there was no statistical significant difference between conventional and organic methods (t5 = 0.674, p > 0.05), [Appendix 1(iii)]. The knowledge obtained will be useful to the farmers and other participants globally to improve crop productivity. The information collected will also enable farmers seek for unconventional ways to alleviate the problem of heavy usage of agrochemicals in order to embrace organic farming for the long run sustainability of the agricultural sector.

Environmentally friendly, durable and transparent anti-fouling coatings applicable onto various substrates

Anti-fouling coatings are of great interest because of their unique wettability and self-cleaning property, but their widespread applications are seriously hindered by low stability, heavy usage of fluorinated compounds and low transparency, etc. Here, we report a new kind of smooth anti-fouling coatings based on methyltrimethoxysilane. The coatings were fabricated by preparing a stock solution via hydrolytic condensation of methyltrimethoxysilane in isopropanol, followed by wiping the glass slide with the non-woven fabric that sucked the stock solution. The transparent anti-fouling coatings have excellent anti-fouling properties against various fluids such as water, n-hexadecane, diiodomethane, daily encountered liquids (e.g., milk, coffee, red wine, soy sauce and cooking oil), mark seals, artificial fingerprint liquids and paints (both water-based and oil-based), etc. The fluids can easily roll off from the 4-30° titled coatings. Furthermore, the coatings have good mechanical (200 cycles of friction, scratching and bending), chemical (saline, acidic and basic solutions) and thermal stability (boiling and 300 °C heating) regarding the easy sliding behavior of the probing liquids. In addition, the anti-fouling coatings are applicable onto various substrates via the same procedure. The smooth anti-fouling coatings have huge potential applications, owing to the excellent anti-fouling properties, high stability as well as the non-fluorinated and simple preparation method.

Crystal Structures of Insect Ryanodine Receptor Domains

Diamide insecticides are among the top-selling pesticides, generating worldwide sales over 2 billion U.S. dollars annually. They target insect ryanodine receptors (RyRs) and cause misregulation of calcium signaling in insect muscles and neurons. However, due to heavy usage, several resistance mutations identified in insect RyRs have been reported to reduce the efficacy of the diamides, but the exact binding site of diamides and the mechanism of resistance mutations remain elusive. Two options are available to overcome the resistance: modify the diamide insecticide to target the same binding pocket in resistant RyRs or develop new compounds to target a different binding site in insect RyRs. The recent breakthrough in the structural studies of mammalian RyRs has deepened our understanding of the channel, but the structural information about insect RyRs is still scarce. Here we report four crystal structures of insect RyR domains, including N-terminal domain (NTD), SPRY2 domain, and repeat34 domain from diamondback moth (DBM), and NTD from the honeybee. Several regions in these domains showed distinguished conformations in DBM relative to honeybee and mammalian RyRs. Many of these pest-specific structural features are located in the domain-domain interfaces that would change conformation upon channel gating, making them good target for candidate insecticides. We identified several protein kinase a (PKA) phosphorylation sites clustering in a loop and a newly identified α-helix in DBM repeat34 domain, showing a pest-specific phosphorylation pattern. Interestingly, the phosphorylation of insect RyR is temperature-dependent, facilitated by the low thermal stability and dynamic structure of insect Repeat34 domain. The accurate structural information of insect RyRs would provide valuable templates for the design of insecticidal molecules.

Structural Insights into the Diamide Modulation of Ryanodine Receptor

Diamide insecticides, developed by pesticide giants DuPont, Bayer and Syngenta, are among the top-selling insecticides globally, with annual sales >USD$2 billion. They are used to control a wide range of pests by targeting their ryanodine receptors (RyRs). However, due to heavy usage, many pests have developed strong resistance, posing a threat on food safety in many countries. Here, we report the highest-resolution cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of RyR1 in the open state, in complex with the anthranilic diamide chlorantraniliprole (CHL). The 3.2 Å local resolution map allows for the unambiguous assignment of the CHL binding site, which is located in the pseudo-voltage-sensor domain of RyR. The molecule induces a conformational change by affecting the S4-S5 linker, triggering channel opening. The binding site is further corroborated with data from cellular and drosophila mutagenesis studies, which reveal how diamide insecticides are selective to the Lepidoptera group of insects over honeybee or mammal RyRs. Importantly, our data reveals that several pests have developed resistance via two mechanisms, either by mutating key residues involved in binding or by introducing steric hindrance. Mutations in human RyRs are associated with inherited myopathies. Based on the activities of diamides against the mutant mammalian RyRs, we propose to develop therapeutic molecules targeting the allosteric diamide-binding site with the aim to treat human myopathies. Our findings provide a foundation for developing novel pesticides to overcome the resistance crisis, and to decrease toxicity for humans and beneficial insects. It also highlights an allosteric site that can be targeted for novel therapeutics in humans.

Effects of Incidental Brief Exposure to News on News Knowledge While Scrolling Through Videos

Increasing media choices due to online media diversification ensure that people without any interest in news avoid news media. This obstructs the construction of a shared social reality given the presence of politics news seekers and news avoiders. For mitigating these issues using media, incidental exposure to news on the Internet can be a powerful tool because it can bring news to the awareness of people who are politically disinterested. We studied the effects of the glimpsing a news screen for less than a few seconds while watching online television news, termed incidental brief exposure, on news knowledge. For evaluating the effects, we combined the logs of news-watching behavior on an online television (for incidental brief exposure) and the results of a questionnaire survey (for news knowledge and media repertories). We found that this incidental brief exposure mitigated the negative effect of social media usage on news knowledge. Although people with heavy social media usage have low news knowledge, heavy social media users with high frequently incidental brief exposure have more news knowledge than heavy social media users. As a possible scenario, memorizing news keywords due to incidental brief exposure may facilitate reading news related to these keywords when users incidentally encounter news on social media. On the other hand, the exposure did not moderate the effects of news media usage, such as mass media, curation sites, and online news sites. These findings suggest that incidental brief exposure while scrolling through videos, which is hardly noticed by users, enhances passive exposure effects in non-news media, such as social media.

Removal of hexavalent Chromium-Industry treated water and Wastewater: A review

Heavy metals present in industrial effluents enter the biological cycle through aquatic organisms. Heavy metals undergo bioconcentration and prove to be toxic even in trace quantities. Chromium is necessary for carbohydrate metabolism, but in higher concentrations, it tends to be harmful. Hexavalent chromium Cr (VI) ions are prevalent, and its toxicity causes environmental and public health concerns. Chromium (IV) based industrial effluents have become a worldwide menace. This collection of toxic metals ions from effluent streams affects both humans and the environment. The non-depleting heavy metal ions cause severe damage to the environment. Environmental pollution affects both human life and eco-system. Water pollution from municipal sources and industries are matter of concern. The solution to the fast-depleting natural water bodies and acquifiers is to reuse treated effluent. Several remediation technologies are available, for reclaiming effluent after treatment for heavy metals like Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn. This paper attempts to assimilate concise information on removing hexavalent chromium through laboratory experiments to implement cost-effective, plausible industrial treatments practically. The importance of efficient industrial effluent treatment lies in the recovery of heavy metals and usage of the treated effluent. A list of techniques is thought of for the treatment of heavy metals removal that has minimal impact on the environment in liquid / solid phases, cost of treatment, and scaling up to industrial levels. Adsorption is one of the prominent techniques used for heavy metals treatment. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms help understand the reduction of Cr (VI) from effluent streams. The wastewater treatment techniques currently employed treat hexavalent chromium-containing effluent streams with low-cost industrial byproducts. Emphasis is on novel techniques of wastewater treatment electrochemical techniques for Cr (VI), contributing to various environmental problems based on their toxicity.

Артиллерия большой и особой мощности Красной армии в Великой Отечественной войне 1941–1945 годов: военный, экономический и технический аспекты использования

The article is dedicated to the usage and types of Red Army heavy and super heavy artillery during the Great Patriotic War. The purpose of the article is to define the exact reasons of low intensity use of Soviet heavy and super-heavy artillery during the war: virtually retreat during 1941-1943 and slow increase of usage during 1944-1945. High intensity of heavy artillery service took place just in 1945. This question has several answers: Red Army high command concerns about expensive guns lost in combat, specific conditions on the Eastern front, incompetence of command is all invalid. Research is based on comparison of archival materials in the field of ordnance production and expenditure. By the use of statistics it described the ordnance production and inventory. The materials show that ordnance production for heavy and super-heavy artillery in USSR was inadequate before the war. Due to the defeat of the Red Army in 1941 the situation worsened. The exact cases were analyzed on the basis of technical and managerial decisions. Ordnance prices and plants involved in ordnance production have also been considered by the research. Exact samples of heavy artillery usage are described with necessary statistics about it: Rzhew battles in 1942, Volkhov battles in 1943. Red Army statistics is compared with Wehrmacht statistics and US statistics of ordnance expenditure. In conclusions it has been shown the interconnection between intensity of use and ordnance provided by war economy.

Social Media in Lives of Parents and Children: Exploring Effects on Parents-Children Relationships

Social media and its usage are one of the essential activities of this century. Many social media sites are there in the world, and they have millions of users. This research aims to explore the effects of social media usage on parents and children interpersonal relationships. Relationships among parents and children are an essential factor in having excellent bonding of family. The total numbers of respondents were 384, who were selected according to Morgan and Krejcie’sformula. Islamabad was the city where the survey was conducted. Probability sampling was used for this study. The study was based on the theory of Time displacement by Robert Putnam (1970). He argued that when we give more time to our virtual world, our time to our real-world will be less. Two hundred children and 184 parents were the respondents of this study. Results showed that most of the users are heavy users; they use social media more than 4 hours on a daily basis. The outcome revealed that Facebook is much admired social media site among users. According to results, 65% of respondents elaborated that social media unite families, and the rest of 35% said that they are against this statement. Furthermore, 73% of the total population responded that social media decreased face-to-face interaction between parents and children. On the other hand, 14% were neutral, and 11% were against this statement. According to results of hypothesis it has been found that both parents and children support positive aspects of social media usage. This study also finds out that heavy social media usage causes many troubles like sleeplessness, interest in the virtual world, and face-to-face interaction between children and parents. This study recommends the less usage of the virtual world and social sites to make strong relations in real life.

Usability and Accessibility Assessment of Saudi Arabia Mobile E-Government Websites

The rapid spread of smart mobile technology is transforming the way how governments provide information and services to their citizens. We all are rely more on our devices, namely smartphones, laptops, or desktop to get information and a wide range of services from government websites. Such heavy usage of government websites results in an increased need for efficient and effective delivery of government services. Therefore, mobile government websites' usability and accessibility are essential dimensions that determine the quality and accessibility of mobile e-government. The main objective of this research is to analyze the accessibility and usability aspects of selected public sector websites in Saudi Arabia. This study investigates how well the Saudi mobile e-government websites comply with usability standards and accessibility guidelines recommended in the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG). Websites assessments were conducted using manual evaluation and complemented by different automated analysis tools. This study applies a number of evaluation techniques to assess Saudi government websites accessed from desktop or mobile devices, such as an automated website testing technique, mobile-friendliness testing, and content observation technique. Various tools have been used for site evaluation, such as GTmetrix (PageSpeed Score, YSlow Score), WAVE, Google mobile-friendly test, and Dareboost for mobile websites. The study uncovers shortcomings regarding non-compliance to international web standards recommendations. The findings revealed usability and accessibility problems that affect the performance of government websites. In order to improve these websites within these aspects, several recommendations were suggested for improving the usability and accessibility of websites in Saudi Arabia that will make sure different groups of citizens are satisfied with the website features and services provided by them.

Antibiotic Treatment for Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Prescription Patterns and Associations With Patient Outcome and the Sinus Microbiota.

BackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common and debilitating inflammatory condition of the sinuses, afflicting 5% of the general population. Although antibiotics are frequently prescribed for the medical management of CRS, there is surprisingly little evidence to support their efficacy. In this study, we aimed to establish associations between medication usage, the sinus microbiota and patients’ clinical outcomes.MethodsAntibiotic prescription patterns for the year before sample collection of 156 CRS patients, 45 disease control patients (mostly requiring septoplasty and inferior turbinate reduction) and 35 healthy control subjects were examined and analyzed together with previously published bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon data from our group.ResultsThe highest antibiotic usage was observed among the two CRS patient categories. Despite heavy antibiotic usage, CRS patients’ clinical outcomes as indicated by patient questionnaires and radiologic scores were similar to those patients that did not receive any antibiotics. The sinus microbiota was dominated by members of the bacterial genera Corynebacterium and Staphylococcus in all three cohorts. Bacterial community dispersion as measured by principal coordinate analysis was significantly higher in CRS patients compared to healthy control subjects, but not disease control patients. Pairwise comparisons within cohorts revealed differences in the relative 16S rRNA gene sequence abundances of the genera Staphylococcus and Lawsonella between antibiotic users and non-users. However, overall antibiotic effects were minimal and unpredictable.ConclusionThe unpredictable effects of antibiotic treatment on the sinus microbiota found in this study, together with the lack of differences in patients’ symptom scores between cohorts, do not support preoperative antibiotic treatment for CRS patients.

MIMU

Mobile WiFi is a newly emerging service in recent years, which provides convenience for users to access online resources and increases revenues for operators via services such as advertisements and application promotions. However, in practice, the prohibitively high system implementation and operational costs, especially the costs of perpetual data traffic, hinder the further deployment of mobile WiFi services. In this paper, we present MIMU, a usage inference system for data traffic saving suitable for ubiquitous mobile WiFi services. We demonstrate the performance of the system via an example from the real-world nationwide edge computing mobile WiFi infrastructure. To address the impact of diverse user behaviors, we investigate the WiFi network usage from the perspective of users and devices, focusing on two unique features of mobile WiFi: user mobility regularity and access irregularity. In particular, we first design a deep learning-based two-dimension usage predictor to infer the future mobile WiFi usage with 1) a user dimension model with temporal attention addressing dominant users with heavy bus WiFi usage, and 2) a device dimension model with spatial attention addressing diverse WiFi usage and connection. Based on the results of the predictor, an application of content caching is implemented in an iterative fashion to save the data traffic. We evaluate MIMU by real-world bus WiFi system data sets of three major cities with 6,643 bus WiFi devices and 150k daily active users in total. Our results show that MIMU outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of usage inference. Moreover, we summarize the lessons learned from our large-scale bus WiFi system investigation.

Effects of Organic Soil Amendments on Photosynthetic Traits of Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) in an Alluvial Soil

Black pepper in Sarawak, Malaysia, is mainly cultivated using the conventional method involving heavy usage of chemical compound fertilizers. Organic soil amendments can reduce the required amounts of chemical fertilizers. So, the objectives of this study were to compare selected properties of soils as well as the physiological performances of mature vines following the application of fermented juices, biochar, and compost. There were five treatments; each replicated five times in a randomized complete block design. Treatments were as follows: (i) FNPK–NPK 15 : 15 : 15 compound fertilizer; (ii) FPJ (fermented plant juice); (iii) FPJBC (FPJ, biochar, and compost); (iv) FFJ (fermented fruit juice); and (v) FFJBC (FFJ, biochar, and compost). The results revealed that combined fermented juices, biochar, and compost positively improved soil bulk density, soil porosity, TOC, C/N ratio, available P, exchangeable K, and exchangeable Ca. The fermented juices incorporated with biochar and compost had favourable effects on the leaf chlorophyll concentration, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and gas exchange rates such as photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration. Pepper leaf chlorophyll, NDVI, and photosynthesis rate were negatively correlated with soil total N. These results suggested that introducing organic soil amendments such as fermented juices, biochar, and compost improved soil physiochemical properties and black pepper physiological traits.

ANALISA BIAYA PEMANENAN KAYU MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK RIL (Reduced Impact Logging) DI IUPHHK-HA PT. WIJAYA SENTOSA, PAPUA BARAT

The aim of this study is to analyze the cost used of forest harvesting activities which consist of logging, skidding, loading, hauling, and unloading using the Reduced Impact Logging (RIL) technique in the natural forest of PT. Wijaya Sentosa, West Papua. Tools used for this research are stationaries, calculators, and laptop. The data that needs to be collected for cost analysis consists of productivity data as primary data that had taken beforehand, secondary data from the company consist of tree species, tree ages, price of heavy equipment, fuel and lubricant usage data, parts replacement data, and operator wage data. The results obtained from this study are the details of estimated production costs for skidding activities amounting to 101,791 IDR/m3, 5,978 IDR/m3 for loading activities, 3,714 IDR/m3 for unloading activities, and 42,767 IDR/m3 for transportation activities. The total cost of harvesting from logging to transportation is 168,750 IDR/m3.

Influence of Covid-19 Lockdown on Reading Habit of Nigerians: A Case Study of Lagos State Inhabitants

The recent pandemic disease, COVID-19, brought about a measure that involves every individual staying at home in Nigeria. This had various effects on different activities and habits of an average Nigerian. This study examined the influence of COVID-19 lockdown on reading habit of Nigerians using Lagos State inhabitants as case study. Descriptive survey design was adopted and simple random sampling technique was used. Web-based questionnaire was adopted to collect data for the study owing to the risk paper questionnaire could pose. The Cronbach’s Alpha Reliability coefficient is 0.80. Total response collected for the study is 416. It was found that there was significant improvement in the reading habit of Nigerians during the lockdown. It was revealed that most Nigerians used phone to read during the lockdown. It was shown that more than half of the respondents had challenges in reading during the lockdown, which include cost of resources, non-availability of resources, lack of motivation, and heavy usage of social media. It was concluded that COVID-19 lockdown has a positive influence on reading habits of Nigerians. It is recommended that Nigerians should imbibe the reading habit of seeing readership as a pleasurable activity to do just like entertainment. It was further recommended that Nigerians should not reverse on their significantly improved reading hours during post-lockdown.