Heavy Body Research Articles

Rotating Spacetime: Theory or Reality? A Concise Journey of General Relativity

The paper reviews the theoretical formulae of different astrophysical conditions to describe spacetime and connects theory with observational evidence. The spacetime is governed by gravity, which is well-explained by the theory of General Relativity. The paper starts from the simplest version of spacetime, that is, flat spacetime which has no gravitational influence. This spacetime is described by the Minkowski metric. Then the paper goes to the properties of spacetime in the presence of gravity, which creates curved spacetime. The Schwarzschild metric defines this spacetime. Although these phenomena are well-established by experimental proof, the most intricate characteristic of spacetime has not been discovered until very recently. That is the spacetime around a rotating massive body. The paper will present the mathematical expressions for describing such spacetime, the Kerr metric, and finally will end with the observational evidence of the effect of a spinning heavy body around it. Some particular exotic effects such as “frame-dragging" and “ergosphere" will be presented in brief.

Suicidal transition rates and their predictors in the adult general population: a repeated survey over 21years in France.

The "suicidal transition" from ideation to an act has become a specific topic of research. However, rates in the general population, variations across time and risk factors are unclear. Data were collected from the phone survey Baromètre Santé among 18-75-year-olds in France. Seven independent samples interviewed between 2000 and 2021 (total N=133,827 people; 51.3% females) were questioned about suicidal ideation and attempts over the previous 12months. Transition was calculated as the weighted ratio of attempt on ideation 12-month rates. Mean 12-month rates of suicidal ideation, attempts and transition were 4.7% (95% Confidence Interval (CI) (4.6-4.8)), 0.5% (95% CI (0.4-0.5)) and 7.7% (95% CI (6.8-8.6)), respectively. Transition rates varied between 4.5 and 11.9% across surveys. In multivariable analyses, higher transitions rates were associated with a previous suicide attempt (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR)=11.1 95% CI (7.9-15.6)); 18-25 vs 26-55-year-olds (1.8 95% CI (1.2-2.8)); lower vs higher income (1.7 95% CI (1.0-2.7); and lower vs higher professional categories (aOR around 1.9). No significant association was found with gender, education level, employment status, living alone, urbanicity, current major depression, daily smoking, weekly heavy drinking, cannabis use, and body mass index. Most people with suicidal ideation do not attempt suicide. These findings emphasize the need to avoid generic terms such as "suicidality", and to increase research on suicidal transition to improve prevention and prediction. They may also inform the organization of suicide prevention in the general population.

Schwarzschild geodesics from scattering amplitudes to all orders in GN

The dynamics of the leading self-force (0SF) order, corresponding to the geodesic motion of a light body in the exact background of a heavy body, are explicitly derived for the first time using a flat space scattering amplitude-based approach. This is achieved by utilising the cubic formulation of Einstein’s general relativity coupled to the effective worldline action of massive point particles, which was employed to derive the Schwarzschild black hole metric in [1].

On the Absence of an Additional Real-Analytic First Integral in the Problem of the Motion of a Dynamically Symmetric Heavy Rigid Body about a Fixed Point

On the Absence of an Additional Real-Analytic First Integral in the Problem of the Motion of a Dynamically Symmetric Heavy Rigid Body about a Fixed Point

Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Sport Massage Pada Desa Sepulu Kecamatan Sepulu Kabupaten Bangkalan

This research aims to determine the perception of the Sepulu Village community towards sport massage. This research uses a descriptive type with a quantitative approach. The data collection method uses a survey method with an instrument in the form of a questionnaire which is given manually to respondents with 21 statement items to determine the public's perception of sport massage. The population in this study were people in Sepulu Village who usually do traditional massage, aged 18-40 years and people with heavy physical bodies, totaling 5,367 people. Using sampling technique purposive sampling totaling 98 people. The data analysis technique uses quantitative descriptive data analysis with percentages. The results of this research indicate that public perception of sport massage in Sepulu Village, Sepulu District, Bangkalan Regency, there were 40 respondents (40,82%) in the very good category, 35 respondents (35,71%) in the good category, 17 respondents (17,35%) in the not good category, 6 respondents (6,12%) in the very bad category. So, the conclusion is that the percentage of people's perception of the highest sport massage in Sepulu Village, Sepulu District, Bangkalan Regency is 40,82% in the very good category.

The primary abundance of chondrules in CI chondrites

CI chondrites are the most significant extra-terrestrial samples for estimating the composition of primordial materials in the Solar System. However, CIs lose many primary features because of heavy parent body aqueous alteration. However, CI and CI-related Ryugu particles contain small amounts of relict anhydrous minerals, indicating primary occurrences of chondrules and refractory inclusions. In this study, we estimated the primordial abundance of chondrules in CIs from calculations of the bulk major element compositions. The constraints for the calculation were as follows: 1) CI chondrites primarily comprised chondrules, refractory inclusions, opaque minerals, and a matrix similar to other carbonaceous (C) chondrites. 2) The chemical compositions of these components were similar to those of the unaltered C chondrites. 3) The primary matrix composition of the CI was close to the mean bulk composition. 4) The alteration occurred isochemically. We used the mean major elemental compositions of chondrules and refractory inclusions in an almost unaltered chondrite, Y-81020, CO3.05. Our results were within the range of previously reported CI bulk chemical compositions in the case where chondrule abundances are ≲10 wt%. We also calculated the bulk chemical composition of Tagish Lake, ungrouped C2, which primarily contained ≲20 wt% chondrules. The CI chondrites and Tagish Lake were formed in the outer Solar System. The low primary abundance of chondrules in CIs is closely related to the formation conditions of chondrules in such regions. We suggest that dust with abundant ice and minor chondrules accreted onto the parent bodies of the CI and Tagish Lake in the outer Solar System. Primordial chondrule abundance is the key to clarifying the physical and chemical conditions and evolution of the early Solar System.

여대생의 학업스트레스, 신체존중감, 자기자애가 월경전증후군에 미치는 영향

Menstruation is a normal female reproductive function but many women experience physical, mental, and behavioral discomfort related to menstruation, therefore the significance of the active intervention is highlighted. Accordingly, this study attempted to provide the basis for the development of a program for managing premenstrual syndrome by identifying the correlations between academic stress, body esteem, self-compassion, and premenstrual syndrome and influencing factors of premenstrual syndrome among female college students. The study subjects were 180 female college students at a university in Gyeonggi-do, and the collected data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, t-test, Pearson's Correlation Coefficients, and Multiple Regression using the SPSS Win 28.0 statistical program. The results showed that the average score of premenstrual syndrome was 1.86, academic stress was 2.68, body esteem was 2.65, and self-compassion was 3.22. Analyzing the premenstrual syndrome according to the general characteristics and menstrual-related characteristics of the subjects, there were significant differences in age(F=3.05, p=.049), exercise frequency(F=3.53, p=.030), amount of menstruation(F=4.48, p=.013), and menstrual pain(F=13.81, p=.001). Premenstrual syndrome had a notable positive correlation with academic stress (r=.26, p<.001), and a significant negative correlation with body esteem (r=-.27, p<.001) and self-compassion (r=-.23, p<.001). Academic stress had a significant negative correlation with body esteem (r=-.50, p<.001) and self-compassion (r=-.56, p<.001), and body esteem had a significant positive correlation with self-compassion (r=.57, p<.001). Multiple regression analysis was implemented to identify the factors affecting premenstrual syndrome of female college students, and the result showed that severe menstrual pain(β=.46, p<.001), normal menstrual pain(β=.38, p<.001), heavy menstrual flow(β=.38, p<.001), age((β=.18 p=.029), academic stress(β=.18 p=.022), and body esteem (β=-.17, p=.026), and the level of explanation was 26.0%. In other words, more intense or regular menstrual pain, heavier menstrual flow, older age(≥24), higher academic stress, and lower body esteem were correlated with more serious premenstrual syndrome in female college students. Based on the findings, it is necessary to develop and apply various programs not only for managing menstrual symptoms but also for managing academic stress and enhancing body esteem to alleviate menstrual symptoms and improve menstrual health among female college students.

Evaluation of the Stability of Open-Tray Impression Coping Using Two Different Impression Materials at Three Different Subgingival Implant Placement Depths.

Objective To evaluate and compare the stability of the open trayimpression coping within the set impression while attaching the lab analog when polyether (PE) heavy body and polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) putty impression materials were used and the implant platform was placed sub-gingivally at three different depths. Methods Two impression materials, PE and PVS, and custom-made plexiglass models with embedded single implants to simulate implant positioning depths of 0 mm, 2 mm, and 4 mm, sub-gingivally, were used in the study. Open tray impressions were made after attaching impression coping to theimplant embedded in themodel. Implant lab analog was attached to the impression coping in the set impression, and its stability was measured using a universal testing machine. Forty-two open tray impressions were madein six groups, with seven impressions in each group. Descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation were calculated. A comparison of the meanstability between the two impression materials at each depth was done using an independent t-test.Comparison of the mean stability between the three different subgingival implant depths in each material was done by one-way ANOVA with the Scheffe multiple comparison test (post-hoc analysis). The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results The stability of the impression coping was measured as the force in Newtons required for the displacement of the analog attached to the impression coping embedded in the set impression. PEwith the embedded impression coping at a depth of 0 mm gave the highest mean stability value (4.37+/-0.41), and the least mean stability was offered by PVS with the embedded impression coping at 4 mm depth (1.88+/-0.37). When an independent t-test was done to compare the mean stability values of PE and PVS,there was a statistically significant difference at0 mm, 2 mm, and 4 mm. On doing one-way ANOVA to compare the mean stability between the different depth groups, there was a statistically significant difference between the three depth groups in PE and PVS. Scheffe multiple comparison tests (post-hoc analysis) revealed a statistically significant difference between 0 mm, 2 mm, and 4 mm subgingival depths of the impression coping placement in bothPE and PVS. Conclusion The accuracy of the master cast is an important determinant for the precise fit and long life of the final prosthesis. In the case of maxillary anterior implant placements where deep subgingival placement of the implant platform is needed for aesthetic and functional reasons, the impression material should be selected carefully to ensure the stability of the impression coping. Among the materials included in the present study, the PE impression material offered the maximum stability for impression coping compared to PVS.

A Newly Formulated Vinyl Polysiloxane Impression Material with Improved Mechanical Properties.

To evaluate the mechanical properties of a newly formulated vinyl polysiloxane (VPS) impression material. Experimental, Capture (S&C Polymer), Express, Imprint 3 and Imprint 4 (3M ESPE), Start VPS (Danville), Honigum (DMG), Virtual (Ivoclar Vivadent), Elite HD+ (Zhermack) were evaluated for tear strength, tensile strength, and elongation at break. Un-nicked specimens with a 90° angle on one side (type C) for tear strength were prepared and tested according to ASTM-D624. Dumbbell-shaped specimens (type 1) for tensile strength and elongation at break were prepared and tested according to ISO 37. All tests were carried out at 500 mm/min on a Shimadzu (AGS-X-10 KN-table top) tester. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the data. Experimental material showed significantly higher or higher tear strength and elongation at break compared to other impression materials for both light body (LB) and heavy body (HB). For tensile strength, Experimental is similar to most impression materials; however, significantly lower than Imprint 3 and Start VPS for LB. This parameter for HB is higher or significantly higher than other impression materials except Start VPS. Tear strength and tensile strength were not correlated for LB but have a weak or moderate correlation for HB. Elongation at break is inversely proportional to tensile strength moderately for LB; however, there is no or very weak relation for HB. Experimental VPS impression material demonstrated a significantly higher tear strength and adequate tensile strength with higher elongation compared to other commercially available VPS impression materials. Adequate mechanical properties can provide accurate impressions for successful clinical fabrication of restorations. Experimental VPS impression material is suitable for use in dental impressions for fabrication of restorations.

Resistance-Exercise-Induced Circulating Factors on Damaged Skeletal Muscle Tissue Proteome in Young Untrained Men

Recovery from muscle damage is tightly orchestrated by multiple physiological processes that can be altered by circulating factors (e.g., cytokines, growth factors) and intracellular signaling pathways (e.g., autophagy). Our previous studies have demonstrated that resistance exercise (RE)-induced circulating factors alter the expression of intramuscular cytokine mRNA and autophagic and myogenic markers in exercise-induced skeletal muscle damage (EIMD). However, the global effects of these circulating factors on damaged muscle are largely understudied. Purpose: To identify global changes in the proteome and functional pathways in skeletal muscle when EIMD is followed by an upper body RE-induced circulating milieu. Hypothesis: RE-induced circulating factors alter protein expression profile in damaged muscle. Methods: Vastus lateralis samples from 3 men included in the parent study were utilized for this report. Untrained men (age: 23 ± 5yr; height: 181.6 ± 5.9cm; weight: 86.0 ± 15.8kg) completed 2 identical bouts of maximal unilateral eccentric knee extensions for 8 sets of 10 repetitions, which were immediately followed by either heavy upper body RE to induce changes in circulating factors (EX) or 20 min seated rest (CON). Muscle samples from the damaged leg at 24h were used to compare between conditions. The total number of proteins was measured using LC-MS/MS. Bioinformatic analyses were performed via Qiagen Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software. For identifying enriched biological processes and functions, proteins had to have at least 1.0-fold differential expression with an FDR-adjusted significance level &lt; 0.05. Z scores were calculated to predict changes in biological functions. Results: A total of 900 proteins were identified. For EX, 79 proteins were downregulated, and 15 were upregulated compared to CON at 24h. Pathway analyses demonstrated that for EX, there was decreased activation in acute phase response signaling, liver X receptor/retinoid X receptor activation, nitric oxide production and reactive oxygen species in macrophages, and neutrophil extracellular trap signaling pathways compared to CON. In addition, for EX, there was an increase in macrophage IL-12 signaling and production than CON. Conclusion: RE-induced changes in circulating factors modulated pathways associated with the immune response and cytokine signaling in untrained men. Given that immune response is critical for recovery from muscle damage, these results highlight the potential role of RE-induced circulating factors (e.g., hormones, growth factors, etc.) which could play a role in mediating muscle recovery. This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2024 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.

Assessment of heavy metal contentin water bodies of Zhytomyr Oblast

Assessment of heavy metal contentin water bodies of Zhytomyr Oblast

Body Armor and Lumbar Disc Herniation in Young Military Veterans: A Case Series.

Soldiers on the battlefield are affected by heavy body armor and excessive march load. It is well known, but the long-term effects of this extra weight on the musculoskeletal system of military veterans, specifically the lumbar spine, are unclear. In Iraq and Afghanistan, most body armors weighed over 33 pounds (15 kg). These armors were 3 times heavier than those used in Vietnam. Chiropractors at the Fargo VA Hospital are seeing more young veterans with non-traumatic lower back pain. This article presents a perspective on the impact of body armor weight and excessive carry load on lumbosacral disc herniation with radicular pain in military veterans. This study is a retrospective case series. We used a convenient sampling method. We selected the first 10 military veterans who came to a Fargo VA chiropractor in late fall 2023. Each veteran filled out a VA Form 10-5345 to give us permission to access their electronic health records. All 10 veterans also completed a survey. The survey asked about their active combat status, the type and weight of their body armor, how long they wore the armor each day, how much weight they carried, and their opinion on the cause of their lower back pain (service related or not). The Fargo VA does not require an institutional review board for a case series. This study found that military veterans experience lower back pain at an average age of 35 years. This is at least 5 years earlier than non-service men. Lower back pain with disc herniation typically occurs at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 disc levels. All 10 veterans in the study believe that their lower back pain is related to their service. Sixty percent of the participants in the study have a service-connected disability because of back pain. For military veterans, onset of lower back pain from a disc herniation at a young age may be linked to carrying heavy body armor and loads. However, the small sample size of this case series limits causal relationship inferences.

A Soft, Centimeter‐Scaled, Thin‐Cable‐Crawling Robot for Narrow Space Inspection

Cables are critical in engineering structures for load‐bearing, electronic connection, and mechanical transmission. Various cable‐crawling robots (CCRs) have been developed to perform scheduled inspection or convey supplies. Most existing CCRs are often actuated by motors and used in large‐scaled engineering structures. The heavy bodies of these CCRs can cause damage or even casualties once slippage or drop occurs. A small and lightweight CCR that can crawl on thin cables is highly demanded for safety inspection in narrow and confined inner spaces of engineering structures. Herein, a soft CCR (weight, 2.1 g; length, 43 mm) is developed by utilizing multilayered dielectric elastomer actuators. Compared with existing solutions, this CCR achieves crawling on thin cables (diameter: &lt;1 mm) while crawling fastest (horizontal: 0.72 body length per second). The CCR is also capable of transporting objects (horizontal: 3.69 times its own weight; vertical: 0.76 times its own weight), climbing upward on a vertical cable, and locomoting across the water–air interface. The CCR is also demonstrated to crawl on a slack cable and circular/spiral cables. Finally, the soft robot, equipped with an endoscope, demonstrates inspections on a tensegrity structure as well as in an airplane wing model with a preplaced cable.

An Analysis of Factors Influencing Hypertension Occurrence

The number of hypertension sufferers is expected to continue to increase to reach 1.5 billion individuals in 2025, with deaths reaching 9.4 million individuals. Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2013 resulted in the prevalence of hypertension in people aged ≥ 18 years in Indonesia reaching 25.8%, of those diagnosed by health workers and/or having a history of taking medication was only 9.5%, indicating that the majority of hypertension cases in the community have not yet been diagnosed. diagnosed and reached by the health care team. Factor risk hypertension increase on population rural And urban . Factor risk This including smoking , consuming alcohol , and style life that doesn't Lots move . Therapy line First For hypertension is modification style life that consists from decline heavy body , reduction sodium And supplementation potassium , pattern Eat healthy , activity physical and _ restrictions consumption alcohol. A search was conducted via PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using the keywords varicella risk factors. 30 journals published at least 5 years ago were obtained. The journal contains topics on various risk factors for varicella. Criteria for accredited national journals and international journals accredited by Scopus and non-Scopus. From 30 articles reviewed there are 2 types factors that become reason happening hypertension . Factors that can changed including diseases _ comorbid , style life , nutritional status , and level worry or depression . Whereas factors that don't can changed including types _ sex And age. From the literature review articles obtained, there are 7 risk factors that cause hypertension, including diseases comorbid , style life , nutritional status , and level worry or depression , type gender , and age .

Effective Field Theory for Extreme Mass Ratio Binaries.

We derive an effective field theory describing a pair of gravitationally interacting point particles in an expansion in their mass ratio, also known as the self-force (SF) expansion. The 0SF dynamics are trivially obtained to all orders in Newton's constant by the geodesic motion of the light body in a Schwarzschild background encoding the gravitational field of the heavy body. The corrections at 1SF and higher are generated by perturbations about this configuration-that is, the geodesic deviation of the light body and the fluctuation graviton-but crucially supplemented by an operator describing the recoil of the heavy body as it interacts with the smaller companion. Using this formalism we compute new results at third post-Minkowskian order for the conservative dynamics of a system of gravitationally interacting massive particles coupled to a set of additional scalar and vector fields.

Enhanced chromium and nitrogen removal by constructing a biofilm reaction system based on denitrifying bacteria preferential colonization theory

Understanding the developmental characteristics of microbial communities in biofilms is crucial for designing targeted functional microbial enhancements for the remediation of complex contamination scenarios. The strong prioritization effect of microorganisms confers the ability to colonize strains that arrive first dominantly. In this study, the auto-aggregating denitrifying bacterial Pseudomonas stutzeri strain YC-34, which has both nitrogen and chromium removal characteristics, was used as a biological material to form a stable biofilm system based on the principle of dominant colonization and biofortification. The effect of the biofilm system on nitrogen and chromium removal was characterized by measuring the changes in the quality of influent and effluent water. The pattern of biofilm changes was analyzed by measuring biofilm content and thickness and characterizing extracellular polymer substances (EPS). Further analysis of the biofilm microbiota characteristics and potential functions revealed the mechanism of strain YC-34 biofortified biofilm. The results revealed that the biofilm system formed could achieve 90.56% nitrate-nitrogen removal with an average initial nitrate-nitrogen concentration of 51.9 mg/L and 40% chromium removal with an average initial hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) concentration of 7.12 mg/L. The biofilm properties of the system were comparatively analyzed during the biofilm formation period, the fluctuation period of Cr(VI)-stressed water quality, and the stabilization period of Cr(VI)-stressed water quality. The biofilm system may be able to increase the structure of hydrogen bonds, the type of protein secondary structure, and the abundance of amino acid-like components in the EPS, which may confer biofilm tolerance to Cr(VI) stress and allow the system to maintain a stable biofilm structure. Furthermore, microbial characterization indicated an increase in microbial diversity in the face of chromium stress, with an increase in the abundance of nitrogen removal-associated functional microbiota and an increasing trend in the abundance of nitrogen transfer pathways. These results demonstrate that the biofilm system is stable in nitrogen and chromium removal. This bioaugmentation method may provide a new way for the remediation of heavy metal-polluted water bodies and also provides theoretical and application parameters for the popularization and application of biofilm systems.

On precession of Lagrange’s top

The article describes the results obtained for the upper and lower bounds (estimates) for the apsidal angle (precession angle) in the theory of the motion of the heavy symmetrical solid body about fixed point (Lagrange’s case) for arbitrary initial conditions and parameters of the body. All regions of initial conditions is divided into two sets. In the first set there is a direct precession of the top, in the second set there is a retrograde precession of the top.

Orthodontic wires: newer approach for impression making and neutral zone in severely resorbed mandibular ridge: A case report

The management of the resorbed mandibular ridge is a difficult task. Rehabilitating a patient who is completely edentulous is a common dental procedure, but it can sometimes be challenging and difficult. Making an impression with the available stock trays, even after modification, is difficult in extremely resorbed ridges.Many materials have been used to record and transfer the neutral zone in complete dentures. So here we present a new technique of making an impression with properly adapted wire for recording the impression along with recording the neutral zone with a heavy body addition silicone impression material that rests on the wire loops projecting upward on the denture base to achieve maximum retention and stability and also for the preservation of residual alveolar ridge.

Ergonomic Evaluation Of Farm Women’s Drudgery In Rice Production System: Current Research Trends

Women are the backbone of agricultural workforce but worldwide her hard work has mostly been unpaid. She does the most tedious and back-breaking tasks in agriculture, animal husbandry and homes. Farmwomen’s participation was crucial in various operations such a sowing/transplanting (86%), weeding (84%), storage of grains (78%), land preparation (72%), cleaning seed for sowing (70%), gap filling (68%), manure and fertilizer application (68%), harvesting (64%), and threshing and winnowing (62%).During the peak season of sowing and harvesting rural women spend 8-9 hours in the field. Women’s contribution to the operations related to wheat and rice cultivation is significantly higher than that of men in terms of man days of work done. All of these activities contribute to anincrease in the physiological costs and physical loads to a great extent. It also causes unbalancing of the body with heavy workloads. Musculoskeletal disorders are common among farm workers especially lower and upper back disorders due to bending and squatting body posture in manual rice transplanting and uprooting activity. Considering the above facts and point of view, it was proposed to investigate changes in the physiological responses and perceived exertion due to heavy workloads and body postures in rice production system. to better understand how the manual rice production system activity perform, identify potential health risk factors, and gain insight into the health effects of the task.

Об отсутствии дополнительного вещественно-аналитического первого интеграла в задаче о движении динамически симметричного тяжелого твердого тела около неподвижной точки

Дано подробное доказательство отсутствия в задаче о движении динамически симметричного тяжелого твердого тела около неподвижной точки дополнительного вещественно-аналитического первого интеграла во всех случаях, за исключением известных классических.