Heat Phenomena Research Articles

Super-strong and high-performance electrical film heater derived from silver nanowire/aligned bacterial cellulose film

High-performance electrical Joule heaters with high mechanical properties, low driving voltage, rapid response, and flexibility are highly desirable for portable thermal management. Herein, by using aligned bacterial cellulose (BC) and silver nanowire (AgNW), we fabricated a novel film heater based on Joule heating phenomena. The aligned BC film prepared by stretching BC hydrogel and hot-pressing drying technology showed outstanding mechanical properties and flexibility. The ultrahigh strength of up to 1018 MPa and the toughness of 20 MJ/m3 were obtained for the aligned BC film with 40% wet-stretching (BC-40). In addition, the aligned BC film could be folded into desirable shapes. The AgNW was spray-coated on the surface of aligned BC-40 film and then covered with polydimethylsiloxane to form a P@AgNW@BC heater. P@AgNW@BC heater showed excellent conductivity, which endowed the film heater with an outstanding Joule heating performance. P@AgNW@BC heater could reach ~ 98 ℃ at a very low driving voltage of 4 V with a rapid heating response (13 s) and long-term temperature stability. The P@AgNW@BC heater with such an outstanding heating performance can be used as a flexible heating device for different applications in daily life like deicing/defogging device, wearable thermotherapy, etc.Affiliations: Please check and confirm that the authors and their respective affiliations have been correctly identified and amend if necessary.yes, we confirmed the affiliations are correct.Article title: Kindly check and confirm the edit made in the article title.Thanks, the title is no problem.Graphical

Analysis of Heat and Mass Transfer in Compost-Bedded Pack Barns for Dairy Cows Using Computational Fluid Dynamics: A Review

To ensure a supply of dairy products, modern dairy farming has assumed an intensive nature, characterized by production in collective facilities with the presence of thermal conditioning, some automation level, and high-use inputs. Among the systems used for dairy cattle confinement, Compost-Bedded Pack Barns (CBPs) have been gaining importance and increasingly have been used in recent decades. CBPs must be designed and managed to ensure the best thermal comfort conditions throughout the year and, consequently, improve productivity, milk quality, and the health of the dairy herd. In this context, modeling via Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) emerges as a tool with huge potential for studying the thermal environmental conditions in the beds of CBPs, making it possible to improve projects and/or management practices in this kind of facility. This document is organized as a review, and its objective is to present the state of the art of the applicability of the CFD technique in the study of heat and mass transfer in CBP systems. So far, only four studies have used CFD for modeling CBP systems and have shown that the use of this tool helps to better understand the phenomena of heat and mass transfer in this kind of facility. Therefore, it is important that more studies using this technique in CBP systems be conducted, including additional considerations on constructive elements, animals, and the presence of beds in composting.

Entropy generation analysis for mixed convection flow of nanofluid due to vertical plate with chemical reaction effects

The analysis have been presented to observe the optimized flow of Casson nanofluid conveying the applications of external heat generation and mixed convection features. The problem is further influenced by chemical reactive species with order one. The significant of Bejan number is evaluated. A vertically moving with convective heat phenomenon endorsed the flow. The modeled problem is reflected in terms PDE’s which are further simplifies with dimensionless form. The analytical outcomes have been established with implementation of Laplace technique. The graphical impact conveying the different parameters is assessed. The insight of skin friction and Nusselt number is observed via various curves. It is observed that entropy generation enhanced due to porosity parameter and magnetic number. With increasing Casson fluid parameter, the entropy generation decrease. Moreover, the Bejan number decreases for chemical reaction constant.

Plasma Energy Loss by Cathode Heat Conduction in a Vacuum Arc: Cathode Effective Voltage

The importance of understanding the energy loss specifics by the cathode for vacuum arc metallic plasma generation and its applications were emphasized. To this end, the heat conduction losses per unit current were characterized by the cathode effective voltage uef, which is weakly dependent on the current. In this paper, a physical model and a mathematical approach were developed to describe the energy dissipation due to heat conduction in the cathode body, which is heated by energy outflowed from the adjacent plasma. The arc plasma generation was considered by taking into account the kinetics of the heavy particle fluxes in the non-equilibrium layer near the vaporizing surface. The phenomena of electric sheath, heat and mass transfer at the cathode were taken into account. The self-consistent numerical analysis was performed with a system of equations for a copper cathode spot. The transient analysis starts from the spot initiation, modeled by the plasma arising at the initial time determined by the kind of arc triggering, up to spot development. The results of the calculations show that the cathode effective voltage uef is determined by the cathode temperature as a function of spot time. The calculated evolution of the voltage uef shows that the steady state of uef is approximately 7 V, and it is reached when the cathode temperature reaches a steady state at approximately one microsecond. This essential result provides an explanation for the good agreement with the experimental cathode effective voltage (6–8 V) measured for the arc duration from one millisecond up to a few seconds.

Transportation of nanoparticles in thermally stratified fluid reservoirs based on Cattaneo–Christov model with viscous dissipation

The usage of nanoparticles is effectively enhanced in industries and technologies because of their intensified thermal performance. Nanomaterials innovatively play a significant role in technological applications such as biosensors, the petroleum related industry and biofuels. Due to such exceptional performance of nanomaterials, the magneto-hydrodynamics squeezed nanofluid flow is examined through the parallel walls. The transportation phenomenon of heat and mass with viscous dissipation and double stratification is also investigated under Cattaneo–Christov phenomenon. The constitutive equations (PDEs) are transmuted with precise similarity variable into dimensionless equations (ODEs). The acquired ODEs are evaluated through the assistance of Homotopic technique. The impacts of the emerging parameters are described graphically on the concerned profiles. The graphical discussion clarifies that both stratification parameters diminish both profiles (thermal & solutal). Concentration field is decreased by the thermophoresis parameter. The relaxation time parameters decrease the heat and mass transport. Moreover, both Brownian and thermophoresis parameters raise the temperature.

Transport Features on Bidirectional Nanofluid Flow with Convective Heating and Variable Darcy Regime

The performance of Au and nanoparticles in Casson flow propelled by the rotational effect subject to convective heating and variable Darcy phenomenon is presented. As a means to contribute significantly to the biomedical industry for proper prediction and treatment of diseases like cancer, stenosis, et cetera, the Casson fluid model and magnetohydrodynamic effect are employed in this study to investigate the bidirectional-rotating boundary layer flow of blood since Casson rheology best describe the mammalian blood flow dynamics and that blood is electrically conducting in nature. The enormous performance of nanoparticles made them extremely useful; hence, they gained recognition over the conventional refrigerants and were widely used by scientists, modelers, and researchers for controlling and treating diseases via drug targeting (chemotherapy), etc. In the three-dimensional plane, the assumed electrically conducting fluid conveying nanoparticles is properly mixed through the Coriolis force, thus rotating with angular velocity across the variable porous medium. A numerical tool, Chebyshev Collocation Method (CCM) with pseudo-spectral approach, is deployed on the resulting transformed ODEs. Profile distributions of respective boundary layers to distinct responses of model parameters, including the Eckman, Darcy, and Biot numbers on Au and nanoparticles, are analyzed and discussed. The dominance of nanoparticles on both velocities is revealed, while Au nanoparticles demonstrated a higher thermal performance rate. A rise in the Darcy parameter has a diametrically opposed behavior on the primary and secondary velocities.

Defect Detection in CFRP Concrete Reinforcement Using the Microwave Infrared Thermography (MIRT) Method—A Numerical Modeling and Experimental Approach

This research paper presents the application of the microwave infrared thermography (MIRT) technique for the purpose of detecting and characterizing defects in the carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite reinforcement of concrete specimens. Initially, a numerical model was constructed, which consisted of a broadband pyramidal horn antenna and the specimen. The present study investigated the application of a 360 W power system that operated at a frequency of 2.4 GHz, specifically focusing on two different operational modes: continuous and modulated. The specimen being examined consisted of a solid concrete slab that was coated with an adhesive layer, which was then overlaid with a layer of CFRP. Within the adhesive layer, at the interface between the concrete and CFRP, there was a defect in the form of an air gap. The study examined three distinct scenarios: a sample without any defects, a sample with a defect positioned at the center, and a sample with a defect positioned outside the center. The subsequent stage of the investigation incorporated experimental verification of the numerical modeling results. The experiment involved the utilization of two concrete specimens reinforced using CFRP, one without any defects and the other with a defect. Numerical modeling was used in this study to analyze the phenomenon of microwave heating in complex structures. The objective was to evaluate the selected antenna geometry and determine the optimal experimental configuration. Subsequently, these findings were experimentally validated. The observations conducted during the heating phase were particularly noteworthy, as they differed from previous studies that only performed observation of the sample after the heating phase. The results show that MIRT has the potential to be utilized as a method for identifying defects in concrete structures that are reinforced with CFRP.

Thermal study on the performance of Joule heating and Sour-Dufour influence on nonlinear mixed convection radiative flow of Carreau nanofluid

BackgroundWith the progress of solar energy application and nano-technology, nanofluid heat assortment has fascinated noteworthy consideration. The solar plasmatic nano-fluids with substantial limited surface Plasmon resonance influence have shown greater performances in thermo-physical aspects, ophthalmic stuff, and photo-thermal exchange efficacy. The theory of nanofluid has induced broad attention from scientists around the globe because of their unique thermo-physical possessions and various prospective benefits and uses in essential arenas for example, atmosphere, energy, microchip technology and bio-medicine. MotivationThis research study encourages the scientists and researchers about the heat transport features, fluid properties, and its influencing aspects, influencing mechanisms of nanofluids and influencing rules. The current article elaborates the latest study effects in the open workings on nanofluids, with the intention of scientists in the field of energy variation which have an extra broad and perfect sympathetic understanding of the energy modification possessions and usages of nanofluids. Purpose of the workThis paper sums up the modern and new features of 3D magneto radiative Carreau fluid considering the thermal phenomenon of Joule heating, heat sink/source, convective concept and solutal phenomenon of activation energy and chemical reaction. Additionally, with nonlinear mixed convection, Soret-Dufour influence and zero mass flux theory are studied. MethodologyThe considered problem of Carreau nanofluid with diverse aspects has been solved numerically via the bvp4c algorithm. ResultsThe larger values of thermo Biot and Dufour factors enhance the Carreau fluid temperature field. The Brownian factor has a reverse influence on temperature and concentration graphs. The Soret number impact on concentration field and Eckert number on temperature field have the same performance. Moreover, thermophoretic and Soret numbers exaggerate the transport rate of heat. It is also noted that average increase of Nusselt number with respect toNT is 3.69% while average decrease of Nusselt number with respect of Ec is 7.75%.

MHD micro polar fluid flow over a stretching surface with melting and slip effect

Objective of the present analysis is to represent the phenomenon of Heat–mass transfer on MHD micro polar fluids caused by permeable and continuously stretching sheet along with slip impacts fostered in a porous medium. Consequently, the equation of energy includes the term of non-uniform heat source/sink. The equation regarding species concentration in cooperates the terms indicating order of chemical reaction to characterize the chemically reactive species. The application software MATLAB with governing syntax of bvp4c technique are employed to reduce equations of momentum, micro-rations, heat, and concentration into suitable required simplifications to derive necessary arithmetic manipulations of available non-linear equations. Various dimensionless parameters are portrayed in the available graphs with essential consequences. Analysis discovered that micro-polar fluid improves velocity and temperature profile while it suppresses micro-rations profile also magnetic parameter (M) and porosity parameter (K_p) reduces the momentum boundary layer thickness. The acquired deductions verify remarkable correspondence with already reported in an open literature.

A modern study on peristaltically induced flow of Maxwell fluid considering modified Darcy’s law and Hall effect with slip condition

The current investigation is designed to scrutinize the Peristalsis of Magneto-hydrodynamics viscous-elastic (Maxwell) fluid with slip condition. The present article is beneficial in a way to understand the Hemodynamics through the arteries, and capillaries by considering the Hall current characteristics. Since the wall shear stress of Maxwell fluid is less as compared to Newtonian fluid hence it exhibits blood flow characteristics. Moreover, modified Darcy’s law is also taken into consideration. The phenomena of heat and mass transport are developed in the light of the thermal conduction mechanism given by Fourier along with viscous-dissipation. The governing system of ODEs is found to be non-linear. To achieve the series solution for considered flow problem, perturbation scheme is used by considering small wavenumber. The graphical impact of influential parameters is discussed exhaustively and graphically. The key outcome of this study is that the Hall current and slip both alter the flow fields. Additionally, it has been observed that temperature and velocity profiles show comparable behaviours for various parameters. The slip parameter has an increasing effect on fluid motion and temperature. The bolus’s size gradually becomes larger as we increase the values of both velocity slip and hall parameter. According to the author's knowledge, no research had previously been done in the literature that specifically addressed the peristalsis of viscoelastic fluid considering the Hall and porosity effect with slip conditions. The current investigation fills the breach in this area of research.

Investigation of the changes in reflective properties of reflective tapes due to various effects

Mankind's need to protect itself from various dangers, cold, heat and other natural phenomena have survived from the first days of its existence to the present day. Materials with high visibility have also been developed primarily with the need for protection. These materials are widely used on bicycle wheels, road signs and traffic signs in daily life. Materials used in various textile products such as activewear, sportswear, children's clothing, accessories, hats, uniforms, foot and armbands, and backpacks make life easier by providing safety for the people who walk with their pets, as well as road workers, traffic policemen, firefighters, pedestrians and bicycle riders people who do sports and walking at night due to their busy life. Many of the traffic accidents occurring today are due to the inability to notice individuals moving on the side of the road. In conditions where the lighting is not sufficient, the reflective feature of the clothes worn will allow people to be noticed more easily. Reflective tapes are used to add reflective properties to clothes. However, these tapes may lose their reflective properties as a result of the various effects they are exposed to. A performance loss that may occur in reflective tape properties due to these effects will put the wearer's life at risk. For this reason, in this study, the changes in the reflective properties of retroreflective tapes after various effects were investigated.

A Comparative Study of Abnormal Heating Composite Insulators.

The abnormal heating of composite insulators on transmission lines frequently occurs, seriously threatening the power grid's safe and stable operation. For different types of abnormal heating composite insulators, undifferentiated replacement wastes a lot of labor and material resources. This study explores the abnormal heating composite insulators under different environmental humidity and wind speed conditions. The heating and discharge of composite insulators are observed, and the heating range, heating shape, and temperature rise (ΔT) are analyzed. The abnormal heating of the sheath-aging composite insulator is related to the aging of the silicone rubber and the environmental humidity. The partial discharge caused by the core rod's defect is the primary source of the temperature rise in the decay-like insulator. The heating range of the contaminated insulator is connected to the environmental humidity, and the ΔT increases with the salt density. The ΔT and heating range of the three types of abnormal heating increase with the ambient humidity. The heating phenomenon under low humidity is an important characteristic that distinguishes decay-like and contaminated insulators from sheath-aging insulators. Therefore, the on-site infrared inspection should be carried out in sunny and windless weather to prevent the impact of high humidity and wind speed on infrared temperature measurement.

Transport Phenomena in a Banded Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack—Part 2: Numerical Analysis

Solid oxide fuel cells are recognized as a promising energy conversion technology. Crucial to the field is the opportunity to reduce the costs of prototyping methodology. Due to the difficulty of conducting direct measurements inside the electrodes and fuel cell’s channels, numerical modeling remains the primary tool for improving the understanding and analyzing a fuel cell operation. Here, a computational fluid dynamic simulation of a banded solid oxide fuel cell’s stack, applied to enhance the geometrical design, is shown. A mathematical model, which includes momentum, heat, mass, and charge transport phenomena, was developed and used for the numerical simulation. The model was validated against the experimental study and confirmed its accuracy. The gas flow rate influence on the performance was investigated in details. Various arrangements of fuel and air channels were simulated and analyzed, including extending the system into a short stack. The proposed design modifications led to an increase in the volumetric power density of the stack compared to the existing prototype design. The proposed mathematical and numerical models were shown to be useful for testing further design modifications to the stack, including performance analysis, by changing the operating parameters of the system or applying new materials.

Heat and mass transfer analysis for magnetized flow of {mathrm{ZnO}-SAE50} nanolubricant with variable properties: an application of Cattaneo–Christov model

The current study scrutinizes heat and mass transfer features of magnetized flow of {mathrm{ZnO}-SAE50} nanolubricant over Riga plate in a Darcy Forchheimer medium. The effects of variable viscosity, thermal radiation, variable thermal conductivity, viscous dissipation and uniform heat source/sink are examined in this study. The diffusion model presented by Cattaneo–Christov is incorporated in this study to enclose heat and mass transport phenomenon. Additionally, the mass transfer rate is inspected subjected to the effects of variable solutal diffusivity and higher order chemical reaction. Heat and mass transfer phenomena have significant applications in the disciplines of science and technology that can be seen everywhere in nature. This simultaneous transportation phenomenon indicates a variety of applications in manufacturing processes, aerodynamics, cooling systems, environmental sciences, oceanography, food industries, biological disciplines, and energy transport systems etc. The modeled system of PDEs is metamorphosed to nonlinear ODEs with the introduction of appropriate transformations. An eminent bvp4c method in MATLAB has been incorporated to execute the resulting system of ODEs numerically. The outcomes of velocity, temperature and concentration profiles corresponding to various emerging parameters have been exposed graphically. The motion of {mathrm{ZnO}-SAE50} nanolubricant tends to enhance significantly with larger modified Hartmann number, whereas converse behavior is reported by increasing porosity parameter and variable viscosity parameter. The greater heat transfer rate is observed for variable thermal conductivity parameter. The rates of heat and mass transfer slow down for thermal and solutal time relaxation parameters respectively. The concentration profile gets enriched by growing the order of the chemical reaction and variable mass diffusivity parameter. It is concluded that by increasing solid volume fraction up to 1.5%, the viscosity of the nanolubricant enhances up to 12% which consequently slows down motion of the nanolubricant but increases temperature and concentration profiles.

Modeling High-Power Density Ceria-Based Direct Ammonia Fueled SOFC Stacks for Mobile Applications

SOFCs can be directly run with ammonia (NH3), which is anticipated to play a major role in future renewable energy systems due to its superior conditioning and storage characteristics. Here, we numerically investigate the performance of NH3-fueled SOFC stacks based on a high-power density ceria-based cell design by means of detailed multi-scale simulations on 1D-button cell and 3D-stack level. The model is validated based on electrochemical performance data collected on a Ni-GDC/GDC/SSC-GDC button cell at 500-650 °C. While the decomposition of NH3 at the surface of the Ni-particles is modeled by employing an elementary kinetic framework, a physically-based distributed charge-transfer model is consulted to account for the leakage current across the GDC electrolyte as a function of operation conditions. In this way, the intricate coupling between the mass, heat and charge transport phenomena, as well as the electrochemistry and thermo-catalytic chemistry can be studied on the industrially relevant scale to assist integration into a hybridized power generation system. Model predictions indicate the 120-cell stack running on NH3 to reach a very promising performance in the intermediate-temperature range.

MHD Thermal and Solutal Stratified Stagnation Flow of Tangent Hyperbolic Fluid Induced by Stretching Cylinder with Dual Convection

The magneto-hydrodynamic dual convection stagnation flow pattern behavior of a Tangent Hyperbolic (TH) fluid has been reported in this study. The radiation, Joule heating, and heat generation/absorption impacts have also been analyzed. The flow-narrating differential equations, which are constrained by a thermal and solutal stratified porous medium, are transmuted into a system of nonlinear differential equations. To provide a numerical solution to the flow problem, a computational model is created. Numerical solutions are obtained using the fifth-order exactness program (Bvp5c), and for validation of the results, a comparison is also made with the methodology of the Runge–Kutta fourth order. The physical implications are appraised and depicted using diagrams or tables against flow-controlling parameters, such as Hartmann number, porosity parameter, solutal stratification, the parameter of curvature, temperature stratification, local Weissenberg number, Schmidt number, etc. It has been observed that in the appearance of Joule heating phenomena, the fluid temperature is a lowering function of thermal stratification. The findings are compared to the existing literature and found to be consistent with earlier research.

The rapid rise of severe marine heat wave systems

We introduce a new methodology to study marine heat waves (MHWs), extreme events in the sea surface temperature (SST) of the global ocean. Motivated by previously large and impactful MHWs and by theoretical expectation that the dominant heating processes coherently affect large regions of the ocean, we introduce a methodology from computer vision to construct marine heat wave systems (MWHSs) – the collation of SST extrema in dimensions of area and time. We identify 649 475 MHWSs in the 37 year period (1983–2019) of daily SST records and find that the duration (days), maximum area (km2), and total ‘volume’ (days km2) for the majority of MHWSs are well-described by power-law distributions: and . These characteristics confirm SST extrema exhibit strong spatial coherence that define the formation and evolution of MHWs. Furthermore, the most severe MHWSs deviate from these power-laws and are the dominant manifestation of MHWs: extrema in ocean heating are driven by the systems with largest area and duration. We further demonstrate that the previously purported rise in the incidence of MHW events over the past decade is only significant in these severe systems. A change point analysis reveals a rapid increase in days under a severe MHW in most regions of the global ocean over the period of 2000–2005. Understanding the origin and impacts of MHWs in the current and future ocean, therefore, should focus on the production and evolution of the largest-scale and longest-duration heating phenomena.

Microwave-Induced Transient Heating Accelerates Protein PEGylation.

PEGylation is one of the most widely employed strategies to increase the circulatory half-life of proteins and to reduce immune responses. However, conventional PEGylation protocols often require excess reagents and extended reaction times because of their inefficiency. This study demonstrates that a microwave-induced transient heating phenomenon can be exploited to significantly accelerate protein PEGylation and even increase the degree of PEGylation achievable beyond what is possible at room temperature. This can be accomplished under conditions that do not compromise protein integrity. Several PEGylation chemistries and proteins are tested, and mechanistic insight is provided. Under certain conditions, extremely high levels of PEGylation were achieved in a matter of minutes. Moreover, considering the significantly reduced reaction times, the microwave-induced transient heating concept was adapted for continuous flow manufacturing of bioconjugates.

SiC-based structured catalysts for a high-efficiency electrified dry reforming of methane

The process of dry reforming of methane (DRM) can allow the conversion of methane and carbon dioxide, the two main greenhouse gases (GHG), into syngas which can be either used as feedstock for chemicals production or it can undergo through separation step for H2 recovery. However, the heat required for the reaction is obtained by combustion of fossil fuels, so CO2 footprint of the process is significant. Another problematic aspect of the process concerns the heat transfer to the catalytic volume: for allowing the catalytic bed to reach and maintain the reaction temperature, the heating medium outside the tubes containing the catalyst must have a temperature higher than 1000 °C. A process intensification could be performed by combining two innovative technologies: (i) the use of electrification for the energy supply (microwave heating and direct electrification) and (ii) the adoption of structured catalysts with high thermal conductivity.This work proposed the study of electrified DRM process using two Ni-based structured catalysts prepared starting by different carriers, a Silicon carbide (SiC) honeycomb monolith and a Si–SiC open-cell foam. The electrification of the DRM process has been realized by using either microwave heating or electrification through Joule (or ohmic) heating, and the experimental tests have been performed at different space velocity values. The configuration of the carriers has been carefully chosen in order to enhance the heat and mass transport phenomena, allowing to assure a flat temperature profile along the entire catalytic bed.The results have shown that the SiC monolith is more suitable than the Si–SiC foam for a microwave-assisted catalytic test. In fact, the higher fraction of void in the foam determines a lower heat absorption, and a consequently higher energy consumption (8.29 kWh/Nm3 H2 and 4.2 kWh/Nm3 H2, for the foam and the monolith respectively). Moreover, the monolith-based catalyst approached the thermodynamic equilibrium values in terms of CH4 conversion in all the investigated temperature range, while in the same tests the foam-based catalyst reached these values only at the higher temperatures. Conversely, the foam-based catalyst has shown the best performance in the electrification tests through Joule heating: the CH4 conversion approached the equilibrium values in the investigated temperature range and, more important, the energy consumption value was of 2.6 kWh/Nm3 H2, very close to the theoretical one (1.90 kWh/Nm3 H2) and equal to about ¼ of that obtained with microwaves.

Magnetohydrodynamic double-diffusive mixed convection in a curvilinear cavity filled with nanofluid and containing conducting fins

This work numerically analyzes the mixed convective double diffusion of Fe3O4-water-based nanofluid in a tilt curvilinear lid-driven cavity studied under the effect of an inclined magnetic field. The horizontal upper wall is at a lower thermal and concentration gradient and moves toward the right. The side vertical walls and bottom walls kept adiabatic. Furthermore, two numbers of conducting fins are affixed to the inclined walls at high temperatures and concentrations. The finite element approach is implemented to analyze the considered variables: Richardson number (Ri), Hartmann number (Ha), Reynolds number (Re), Lewis number (Le), buoyancy ratio (N), magnetic inclination angle (α), nanofluid volume fraction (ϕ) as well as the fins length on the heat and mass transport phenomena. The results showed that the Nuavg and Shavg increase by increasing Reynolds number, the nanoparticles volume concentration, and the fin length, while they decrease by increasing Hartmann number. When Ri is small, Nuavg rises with the increasing magnetic field inclination, but when Ri is high, the inclination angle works adversely. On the other hand, the Shavg increases with the rise of the magnetic field inclination for all Ri values. It can be seen also, when Lewis number increases, the Nuavg and Shavg values increase with increasing Ri and magnetic inclination angles.