Heat Of Decomposition Research Articles

Waste-derived Ni/C composite material for supercapacitor applications

Ni/C composite was generated from waste engine oil (WEO) using plasma heat decomposition. A detergent containing Ni(OH)2 was used to emulsify the waste oil. The burdened emulsion was drizzled on an electric plasma formed by connecting two carbon electrodes to a 70–80 Ampere and 28 Volt DC main supply. Ni-doped carbon fumes were trapped on a polymeric film dampened with synthetic adhesive, to adhere the deposit. XRD, FTIR, XPS, SEM, EDX, TEM, and Raman techniques were used to characterize the obtained deposit. Ni nanoparticles were dispersed over mesoporous carbon flakes with moderate surface area (8.002 m2 g−1) and showed good capacitance characteristics. Its specific capacitance reached 296 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1 and maintained 90 % of its initial capacity after 2000 charge/discharge cycles. The composite's high performance qualifies it as a promising affordable energy storage material.

Investigation of how pressure influences the thermal decomposition behavior of azodicarbonamide

Azodicarbonamide (ADC) is a type of azo compound with outstanding application performance, it is always used as a blowing agent in the production of foamed plastics. Based on previous studies, it has been considered harmless in its practical application process. Nevertheless, our research has overturned this standpoint and denoted the special exothermic behavior of ADC under specific use processes, especially when it was placed in a high-pressure system. In this study, a simultaneous thermogravimetric analyzer (STA) was employed to preliminarily evaluate the thermal stability of ADC under atmospheric pressure. Followed with calorimetric experiments by high-pressure differential scanning calorimetry (HP DSC), the exothermic behaviors of ADC under different initial furnace pressures were investigated. The obtained results revealed that the thermal decomposition rate of ADC linearly increases along with increasing testing pressure, which shows a highly autocatalytic characteristic. The peak power of DSC curve breathtakingly reached 73 W/g when the initial testing pressure was set at 4 MPa, and the overall decomposition heat reached 1261 J/g with the scanning rate at 4 °C/min. Furthermore, the decomposition mechanism, thermal hazards, and explosion potential were comprehensively evaluated in this study for the first time.

Preparation and properties of flame-retardant asphalt containing polyurethane and eco-friendly flame retardants

This paper aims to improve the flame-retardant property of asphalt by modifying asphalt with aluminum trihydrate (ATH), montmorillonite (MMT) and layered double hydroxides (LDHs), which are eco-friendly flame retardants, and polyurethane (PU) was used together with flame retardants. The results showed that the combination of PU and flame retardants could significantly improve the high and low temperature performances of asphalt and the flame-retardant property of asphalt. Among the three flame retardants, LDHs with layered structure shows the best flame-retardant performance owing to its behavior of heat absorption and decomposition. Besides, positive synergistic flame-retardant effect between different flame retardants is observed.

Study on inhibition of explosion of titanium powder by mesoporous calcium compound/carbonized chelating resin composite powder

In order to effectively inhibit the explosion of titanium powder, new mesoporous calcium compound/carbonized chelating resin composite powder was prepared in this paper using macroporous chelating resin as the substrate. The inhibition effect of mesoporous composite powder on the explosion pressure evolution and explosion flame spread of titanium powder was tested using Dust explosion test system and Hartmann experimental system, respectively. The experimental results show that when the addition ratio of mesoporous composite powder reaches 80%, the maximum pressure of titanium powder explosion is reduced to 0.259 MPa, and the explosion flame spread distance is reduced to 194.12 mm, which has an obvious inhibiting effect on titanium powder explosion. The results show that: mesoporous composite powder in a high-temperature environment, heat decomposition to generate a large number of calcium compounds, calcium compounds undergo chemical reactions consume a large number of radicals required for explosion reactions; while generating a large number of solid and gaseous substances, the formation of a dense carbon layer covering the surface of titanium powder to play a good barrier effect, and dilute the concentration of oxygen, further limiting the explosion reaction, with a good physical-chemical synergistic inhibition effect, to achieve a good effect of inhibiting the explosion of titanium powder. This study can make a contribution to the development of new explosion suppressing powder and the prevention and control of combustion and explosion accidents during industrial production; ultimately, it can realize the safe and orderly smooth production of enterprises involving combustible dust and gas.

Enhanced Catalytic Effect of Ti2CTx-MXene on Thermal Decomposition Behavior of Ammonium Perchlorate.

Transition metal carbonitrides (MXenes) are promising catalysts due to their special structures. Recently, many studies have shown that MXenes have a catalytic effect on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP). However, the catalytic effects have not been extensively investigated. Therefore, it is important to illustrate the catalytic mechanisms of pure MXene in AP thermal decomposition. Herein, the catalytic properties of Ti2CTx for ammonium perchlorate (AP) thermal decomposition were investigated by numerous catalytic experiments. The results showed that the high-temperature decomposition (HTD) decreased by 83 °C, and the decomposition heat of AP mixed with Ti2CTx increased by 1897.3 J/g. Moreover, the mass spectrum (MS) data showed that the NH3, H2O, O2, N2O, NO, HCl, and NO2 were formed. In addition, according to the X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectrum, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) results, the Ti2CTx nanosheets can adsorb the gaseous products and react with them in-situ, generating anatase-TiO2 and carbon layers. The Ti2CTx, as-resulted anatase-TiO2, and carbon can synergize and further catalyze the thermal decomposition of AP when both electron and proton transfers are accelerated during AP decomposition.

Plastic and Waste Tire Pyrolysis Focused on Hydrogen Production—A Review

In this review, we compare hydrogen production from waste by pyrolysis and bioprocesses. In contrast, the pyrolysis feed was limited to plastic and tire waste unlikely to be utilized by biological decomposition methods. Recent risks of pyrolysis, such as pollutant emissions during the heat decomposition of polymers, and high energy demands were described and compared to thresholds of bioprocesses such as dark fermentation. Many pyrolysis reactors have been adapted for plastic pyrolysis after successful investigation experiences involving waste tires. Pyrolysis can transform these wastes into other petroleum products for reuse or for energy carriers, such as hydrogen. Plastic and tire pyrolysis is part of an alternative synthesis method for smart polymers, including semi-conductive polymers. Pyrolysis is less expensive than gasification and requires a lower energy demand, with lower emissions of hazardous pollutants. Short-time utilization of these wastes, without the emission of metals into the environment, can be solved using pyrolysis. Plastic wastes after pyrolysis produce up to 20 times more hydrogen than dark fermentation from 1 kg of waste. The research summarizes recent achievements in plastic and tire waste pyrolysis development.

Designing a molten core collection chamber for Bushehr-1 nuclear power plant using MELCOR 1.8.6 and ANSYS-FLUENT codes

The Bushehr-1 nuclear power plant (BNPP-1) is not actually planned to include a core catcher for mitigating molten corium in severe accidents. The feasibility analysis of designing a multi-layers core catcher next to the reactor cavity is presented in this study. In fact, the main purpose of this paper is to design a space to increase the surface to the volume of the molten material and create conditions for retention and maintaining coolability of the molten material.In this design, the molten material is first discharged to the main reactor cavity (cavity1) after LB-LOCA with SBO accident and then passed through the secondary reactor cavity (cavity2) to the collection chamber (cavity3). In the secondary reactor cavity, the first layer is sacrificial concrete with a thickness of 10 cm, the second layer is zirconium-dioxide with a thickness of 10 cm, and finally the third layer is serpentine concrete with a thickness of 40 cm. In the collection room, the first layer is sacrificial concrete with a thickness of 10 cm, the secondary layer is zirconium-dioxide with a thickness of 20 cm, and finally the thickness of the serpentine concrete is 20 cm. In order to study and simulate the design, MELCOR 1.8.6 and ANSYS-FLUENT codes are used. The conditions of the molten core are calculated using MELCOR code in the passing channel and collection room including: the total volume of molten material, the temperature of the upper part of the molten material pool, the rate of the heat of decomposition of molten material, the heat transferred to concrete in areas of molten material and also the displacement time. The FLUENT code is used to estimate the temperature and thermal strength of the embedded layers. After comparing the results obtained from MELCOR and ANSYS-FLUENT code, it could be concluded that it is possible to preserve the molten material up to 24 h after entering the molten material into the cavity and the design area without water injection. Furthermore, by injecting water in the collection chamber, the possibility of long-term and permanent storage of molten materials is possible.

Preparation of Nitrocellulose by Homogeneous Esterification of Cellulose Based on Ionic Liquids

AbstractThe industrial nitrification system of preparing nitrocellulose (NC) adopts nitric and sulfuric mixed acid, which generates a large amount of waste acid and by‐products, and requires a laborious procedure for the stability treatment. In this study, a novel method was developed for the preparation of NC. NC with a nitrogen content of 12.62 % was prepared in 15 min by homogeneous esterification of cellulose based on [Bmim]Cl (1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride). The samples were characterized by FT‐IR, XRD, Raman, XPS, TG‐DSC, GPC, SEM, and elemental analysis. In addition, the activation energy (Ea) was calculated according to the Kissinger method. The burning rate and chemical stability of samples were also tested. The results showed that the NC had 3D honeycomb structure with pores of 200–300 nm diameter, uniform distribution of nitrogen elements, nitrogen content of 12.62 %, and minimum polydispersity index (PDI) of 1.55. The heat of decomposition (Qdec) released by the samples was increased by 141 J/g, the Ea decreased by 16.4 %, and the burning rate increased by 40.5 % when compared with commercially available NC12.6%. The chemical stability was very well only after water cooking. Compared with the conventional method, this method doesn't use sulfuric acid, generates less waste acid, and doesn't produce by‐products such as sulfate esters. The procedure of stability treatment was also very effortless. The costs could also be reduced by the recycling of ionic liquids.

Internal short circuit and thermal runaway evolution mechanism of fresh and retired lithium-ion batteries with LiFePO4 cathode during overcharge

The safety evolution behavior of LiFePO4/graphite batteries with different states of health (SOHs) under overcharge is studied based on material morphology, structure, thermal stability and heat analysis. The overcharge results of the 100 % SOH battery show that with increasing state of charge (SOC), the cathode material gradually falls off due to binder oxidation. The number of pores in the separator is significantly reduced when the SOC reaches 120 %, resulting in increased internal resistance. Before the internal short circuit (ISC), the degree of lithium intercalation in the anode increases, and the heat release of the reaction between lithiated graphite and the binder increases, whereas both decrease after ISC due to severe side reactions. The heat release from SEI decomposition increases after ISC as the SOH of the retired battery decreases, while the heat release from the reaction between lithiated graphite and binder decreases. The ISC starts from the positive collector side. Thermal analysis results show that Joule heat plays a key role in the occurrence of ISC. After ISC, QSEI (SEI decomposition heat) + QLi-ele (lithium and electrolyte reaction heat) and QLi-bin (lithiated graphite and binder reaction heat) together determine the difference in thermal runaway (TR) behavior of different SOH batteries.

Thermal behavior and decomposition mechanism of three nitrate energetic materials: TNNP, TNOP and DNHM

Thermal decomposition of three new energetic materials，5-nitratomethyl-1,3,5-trinitrohexahydropyrimidine (TNNP), 5–methylnitrate‐1,5–dinitrooxazine (TNOP) and 1,3-dinitrohexahydropyrimidine-5-nitrate (DNHM) was investigated by using TG–DTG, DSC, TG-FTIR, and TG-MS techniques. Results show that DNHM is more stable than TNNP and TNOP, while the decomposition process of TNNP and TNOP is more complicated than that of DNHM. TNNP starts to decompose at around 176.1 ºC and the peak temperature is 187.9 ºC with decomposition heat of − 1157.9 J·g−1 at the heating rate of 2.5 ºC·min−1. In comparison, the onset temperature and heat release of TNOP and DNHM are respectively 172.3 ºC, − 486.5 J·g−1 and 180.8 ºC, − 1947.6 J·g−1 at the same condition. The first decomposition step of TNNP follows first-order kinetics (F1) based on DSC data, while the decomposition of TNOP and DNHM follows the random chain scission model (L2) and the phase boundary controlled reaction (contracting area) model (R2), respectively. The main products of these three compounds during the decomposition process are N2, CO2, N2O, CH2O and NO from TG-FTIR and TG-MS.

Decomposition characteristics of methane hydrate in porous media under continuous and intermittent microwave heating

Microwave stimulation is a new method for natural gas hydrate exploitation. In this study, methane hydrate was synthesized in quartz sand with a particle size of 106–150 μm, and the decomposition characteristics were investigated using continuous and intermittent microwave heating. During the initial stage of continuous microwave heating, methane hydrate decomposed immediately due to microwave stimulation. Subsequently, due to a decrease in microwave penetration depth, microwaves did not affect the areas further away from the microwave source and macroscopic heat transfer became the main heat source for hydrate decomposition. The microwave power used during the study ranged from 200 W to 500 W. The results indicated that hydrate decomposition time decreased as power increased, and the average gas production rate increased at the same time. However, the energy efficiency ratio did not vary with the microwave power. The maximum energy efficiency ratio was 1.320 at a microwave power of 400 W under continuous microwave heating. Compared with continuous microwave heating, intermittent microwave heating improved the efficiency ratio by 59.32 %, with a heating cycle involving microwave stimulation for 5 min (Microwave ON time) and no stimulation for 1 min (Microwave OFF period). As microwaves provide heat for hydrate decomposition, a high-speed gas production can be obtained. Heat reservoirs were utilized to maintain hydrate decomposition during the OFF period, which also resulted in energy saving. Although intermittent microwave heating reduced the average gas production rate slightly, it improved the energy efficiency significantly. Therefore, the number of heating cycles and microwave heating periods should be carefully considered to obtain high hydrate exploitation efficiency. Intermittent microwave heating is recommended for hydrate exploitation to improve extraction efficiency and save energy.

Effects of fire extinguishing agents on pyrolysis and explosion characteristics of optical brightener dust

As a widely used optical additive, optical brightener has a potential risk of dust explosion during production and utilization, which limits its further application. In this paper, the pyrolysis process and explosion characteristics of universal optical brightener OBA-184 dust were studied, and the inhibition effects of NH4H2PO4, NaHCO3, and aerosil (nano-silica) were compared using the Hartmann tube and the 20-L spherical explosion system. The results illustrate that OBA-184 dust is a substance with huge heat of decomposition. All three extinguishing agents can effectively moderate the ignition sensitivity and explosion severity. Among them, NH4H2PO4 has the best efficiency in suppressing explosion severity due to its excellent chemical inhibition effect. The complete inert ratio of NH4H2PO4 was about 60% lower than that of NaHCO3, while aerosil can not completely inert the OBA-184 dust at the inert ratio in the range studied. NaHCO3 can significantly reduce the ignition sensitivity of OBA-184 dust, and adding 60% NaHCO3 can reduce the dust to a low sensitivity level. Inerting is accomplished due to its low decomposition temperature and violent heat absorption rate; Aerosil is less effective than NH4H2PO4 and NaHCO3, which attributes to its poor physical heat absorption and weak chemical inhibition ability. The results of this paper provide a theoretical and practical basis for dust explosion prevention and control in the optical brightener industry.

Efficient promotion of Calliandra haematocephala flower-like MXene/ZnCo2O4 nanocomposites on thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate

A series kind of methods were used to load ZnCo2O4 nanoparticles on MXene nanosheets for preparing MXene-based ZnCo2O4 (MXene/ZnCo2O4) nanocomposites. The characterization results indicated that the MXene/ZnCo2O4 nanocomposites (MZC-W) with a Calliandra haematocephala flower-like structure could be prepared by a two-step hydrothermal method and MZC-W with large specific surface area exhibited significant catalytic activity to the decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP). The decomposition performance of AP on MZC-W (2.0 wt%) showed that the high decomposition temperature of AP was highly reduced by 138.3 °C. For the heat of AP decomposition, it significantly increased to 1474.5 J g−1. During this process, the Ea of AP decomposition was reduced by 56.4%, while the reaction rate of AP decomposition was increased by 11.2 times. The remarkable catalytic activity of MZC-W was attributed to its high specific surface area and the synergistic effect between ZnCo2O4 nanoparticles and MXene nanosheets. Predictably, MZC-W with potential application value could be used as a catalyst to ameliorate the decomposition of AP, while the synthesis method of MZC-W could be used as a simple idea to improve the catalytic activity of metal oxide nanoparticles.

Thermal stability evaluation of tert-butyl peroxybenzoate mixed with impurities

In this article, the thermal stability of tert-butyl perbenzoate (TBPB) mixed with different concentrations of toluene and p-tert-butylcatechol (TBC) was investigated. The exothermic onset temperature (T 0), the heat of decomposition (ΔH), and the adiabatic temperature rise (ΔTad ) of the samples were obtained by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Phi-TEC II adiabatic calorimetry. The apparent activation energy (Ea ) and the maximum reaction rate arrival time under adiabatic conditions were obtained by adiabatic kinetic calculations for 8 h (TD8 ) and 24 h (TD24 ). Based on Semenov’s theory, the self-accelerated decomposition temperature was calculated as a support for safe storage and transport. The results of DSC and Phi-TEC II showed that toluene was effective in reducing the thermal hazard during the decomposition of TBPB. The addition of TBC caused side reactions. The moderate addition of toluene and TBC improves the thermal stability of TBPB and can improve the safety of TBPB in industrial applications.

CO2 mineral sequestration and nickel recovery from laterite ore by using waste copperas

CO2 mineral sequestration is one of the most promising strategies for combating global warming, which is composed of direct and indirect pathways. However, the high cost and heat consumption for recycling reagents used in the indirect carbonation process is the biggest obstacle for its widespread applications. In this study, a novel process by using a solid waste, copperas, as reagent to extract magnesium and nickel from laterite ore was proposed for simultaneous CO2 mineralization and recovery of nickel. In this process, the copperas was decomposed into SO2, which sulfated the laterite ore by in situ gas–solid reaction. The addition of Na2SO4 facilitated the formation of low melting point substances, converting the gas–solid reactions into a multiphase gas–liquid-solid reaction, thus the extraction was enhanced. Meanwhile, the heat of sulfation of laterite ore can compensate the heat of copperas decomposition, reducing the overall energy consumption. The maximum extraction efficiency of 94 % for Mg and 87 % for Ni was achieved at Na2SO4 dosage larger than 10 wt%. The carbonation of MgSO4-riched leachate experiments revealed the optimal CO2 storage capacity was approximately 291 kg·t−1 laterite ore. Compared with the conventional acid-based Mg extracted process for CO2 mineralization, the cheap copperas avoided the recycle of reagent and obtained weak acidic leachate, reducing the amount of alkali used in the subsequent carbonation process.

Catalytic reactivity of graphene oxide stabilized Fe complexe of triaminoguanidine on thermolysis of HNTO/AN co-crystal

The catalytic activity of energetic coordination polymers of triaminoguanidine-transition iron, containing graphene oxide (GO-T-Fe-T) or not (T-Fe), on the thermolysis of an energetic co-crystal of hydrazinium 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one and ammonium nitrate (HNTO/AN) has been investigated. DSC apparatus has been employed to investigate the thermal behavior of the different products. Four isoconversional integral kinetic approaches have been used to calculate the kinetics triplets. The achieved results showed that both of T-Fe and GO-T-Fe-T possess good catalytic activity. The decomposition temperature and the activation energy of the co-crystal were reduced by 31 kJ/mol and by 55 kJ/mol when T-Fe and GO-T-Fe-T are introduced, respectively. Furthermore, using iron as a metal in the catalysts increased the decomposition heat released from the co-crystal. This can be due to the better dispersion of Fe on the GO sheets, which enhanced the decomposition reaction.

Effect of Nano‐Copper Chromite on the Thermal Decomposition and Combustion of AP‐Based Solid Propellants

AbstractThis investigation was devoted to exploring the application performance of nano‐combustion catalyst CuCr2O4 in solid propellants. In this paper, raw CuCr2O4 and nano‐CuCr2O4 prepared by the mechanical grinding method were applied in solid propellants containing ammonium perchlorate (AP), which are ammonium perchlorate/ hydroxy‐terminated polybutadiene propellant (AP/HTPB) and ammonium perchlorate/composite modified double‐base propellant (AP/CMDB). And the scanning electron microscope, displacement volume method, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and strand burner method were employed to characterize the performance of AP‐based solid propellants. The results show that the AP/HTPB propellant has fewer defects on the surface of it due to the presence of nano‐CuCr2O4, but it has no significant effect on the AP/CMDB propellant. Nano‐CuCr2O4 can also significantly increase the density of AP/HTPB propellant and AP/CMDB propellant to 1.736 g/cm3 and 1.633 g/cm3, respectively. Nano‐CuCr2O4 obviously advances the decomposition temperature of AP/HTPB propellant and AP/CMDB propellant, which also increases the apparent heat of decomposition. In addition, the burning rate of nano‐CuCr2O4‐AP/HTPB propellant and nano‐CuCr2O4‐AP/CMDB propellant increased to 1.60 mm/s and 3.23 mm/s, with an increase of 28.3 % and 26.3 %, respectively. Therefore, nano‐CuCr2O4 is expected to be widely used in solid propellants due to its excellent properties.

Amorphization and Crystallization of Hexanitroazobenzene (HNAB) Using Conventional DSC and Flash DSC

AbstractThe present work presents results from an investigation of the glass transition and crystallization behaviors of HNAB tested over more than five orders of magnitude of cooling rate from 0.005 °C/s to 600 °C/s (0.3 to 36000 °C/min) by a combination of conventional and Flash differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The work quantifies the influence of the thermal amorphization route on the properties of this high explosive. Cooling rates faster than 100 °C/s (6000 °C/min) result in amorphous HNAB as expected from prior work, but we also find that amorphization of the HNAB occurs at cooling rates slower than 0.008 °C/s (0.5 °C/min). The behavior of the amorphous HNAB made by slow cooling is compared with that of amorphous HNAB made by fast cooling, as well as with that made by solvent casting in terms of glass transition temperature, apparent activation energy of glass transition, and dynamic fragility parameter m. Besides, the non‐isothermal crystallization response as a function of cooling rate is also reported. The thermal stability and decomposition energy of amorphous HNAB are compared with those of the crystalline counterpart, being similar heats of decomposition of 3295 and 3392 J/g, respectively; suggesting that the amorphous HNAB will have similar thermal stability and chemical energy to the crystalline form.

TiO2 NPs/h-BN: Preparation and catalytic activities of a novel AP catalyst.

The thermal decomposition performance of an oxidizer directly determines the thrust and specific impulse properties of the solid propellant. Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) has the characteristics of high catalytic activity and good stability, which can improve the heat release and decomposition temperature of the oxidant, and then improve the energy performance of the propellant. In this study, a novel hybrid material TiO2 NPs/h-BN was successfully prepared by in situ growth, and it was found that when 5 wt.% TiO2 NPs/h-BN was added, the initial decomposition temperature of ammonium perchlorate (AP) decreased by 67.6°C. Due to the addition of TiO2, the gap between the h-BN layers as well as the specific surface increased, which optimized its thermocatalytic performance, and it also proposed a catalytic mechanism for the thermal decomposition process of AP.

Synthesis, characterization, and suitability of cocoyam starch-banana peels nanocomposite film for locust beans packaging

BackgroundPackaging of locust beans is done to prevent deterioration and promote its shelf-life. This research was carried out to develop and evaluate a cocoyam starch-banana peels nanocomposite film for locust beans packaging. The film was prepared by gelatinizing a mixture of 0.36 g banana peels nanoparticles (~ 1.14–1.64 nm), 18 g cocoyam starch, and 18 ml glycerol in 300 ml distilled water at 90 °C. The thermal, structural, mechanical and barrier properties of the film were determined using standard procedures. A 100 g of the locust beans condiment was packaged using the film and compared with packaging in a low-density polyethylene (LDPE) at 5.16–7.58 pH and 16.67–11.50% moisture ranges.ResultsResults indicate approx. 3% weight loss with an increase in temperature (≤ 250 °C). The heat of decomposition in the process was 4.64 J/g, which depended on the transition temperature. Also, the film has high stiffness and creep along the line of topography in the atomic force imaging. The material permeates more to CO2 (27%) and H2 (67%) but has a low O2 (4%) and N2 (1%) gas permeabilities. The size of particles in the film was in the range of 3.52–3.92 nm, which is distributed across its matrix to create the pores needed to balance the gases in the micro-atmosphere. The microbial load of the locust beans decreased with pH and increased with moisture, but this was generally lower compared to those packaged in the LDPE at p < 0.05.ConclusionsThe film was a better packaging material than the LDPE since it recorded lower counts of the microbes throughout the storage. Thus, the nanocomposite film was effective in controlling the microbial growth of the locust beans irrespective of the sample moisture and pH over the 30 days packaging duration.