The mass and heat transfer capability of the flow field greatly impact the performance of a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC). In this study, rectangular and semicircular blockages are added to the flow channel to improve the heat and mass transfer process in the flow field. Additionally, the flow field synergy principle and the efficiency evaluation criterion (EEC) are used to evaluate the superiority of the flow field with additional blockages, respectively. The results show that the voltages of the flow channel with rectangular and semicircular blockages are reduced by 0.02 V and 0.015 V, respectively, at a current density of 10,000 A·m−2. Compared with semicircular blockages, the SOEC with rectangular blockages has a higher gas flow rate, lower thermal stress, and the EEC value increases by approximately 28 %. This indicates that the addition of the blockages can promotes the longitudinal gas flow for the improved gas diffusion; and enhance the synergy between the velocity and temperature gradient fields for the better heat transfer capacity.