Modern healthcare is characterized by new disease patterns; advanced technologies; unpredictable patients’ needs; physical infrastructure and diverse workforce requirements. A hospital is mainly the first point of health care service delivery; and is indispensable in fostering a healthy population. The health sector in Kenya has allowed a diverse non-governmental healthcare sector to develop. Mission hospitals belong to this sector and can significantly improve their service delivery with proper application of strategic management practices. The field of strategic management has undergone a major shift in focus over the last two decades regarding organizational performance variation: from industry's specific to organization-specific factors. Since the inception of strategic management studies in the 1950s; scholars have sought to know determinants that make some organizations more successful than others. This quest has created a bifurcated view, one on industry structure and the other on specific organizational resources.