Indian Healthcare Sector Research Articles

Bridging the Gap in the Adoption of Trustworthy AI in Indian Healthcare: Challenges and Opportunities

The healthcare sector in India has experienced significant transformations owing to the advancement in technology and infrastructure. Despite these transformations, there are major challenges to address critical issues like insufficient healthcare infrastructure for the country’s huge population, limited accessibility, shortage of skilled professionals, and high-quality care. Artificial intelligence (AI)-driven solutions have the potential to lessen the stress on India’s healthcare system; however, integrating trustworthy AI in the sector remains challenging due to ethical and regulatory constraints. This study aims to critically review the current status of the development of AI systems in Indian healthcare and how well it satisfies the ethical and legal aspects of AI, as well as to identify the challenges and opportunities in adoption of trustworthy AI in the Indian healthcare sector. This study reviewed 15 articles selected from a total of 1136 articles gathered from two electronic databases, PubMed and Google Scholar, as well as project websites. This study makes use of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). It finds that the existing studies mostly used conventional machine learning (ML) algorithms and artificial neural networks (ANNs) for a variety of tasks, such as drug discovery, disease surveillance systems, early disease detection and diagnostic accuracy, and management of healthcare resources in India. This study identifies a gap in the adoption of trustworthy AI in Indian healthcare and various challenges associated with it. It explores opportunities for developing trustworthy AI in Indian healthcare settings, prioritizing patient safety, data privacy, and compliance with ethical and legal standards.

The response of the benchmark healthcare index of India to COVID-19 pandemic: a return volatility approach.

From poor healthcare infrastructure to vaccine donors, India has traveled a long way. In this study, the author tried to find the investment certainty and persistence of volatility in the Indian healthcare system due to COVID-19. Using the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH 1,1) model, this study quantifies the change in the conditional variance after the first case report of COVID-19. The author has used the S&P BSE HEALTHCARE index time series to analyze India's healthcare infrastructure and practices. The author found evidence of a decrease in investment certainty in investments related to India's healthcare infrastructure and practices after the first case report of COVID-19. Furthermore, the estimation of the econometric model suggests the presence of a large degree of volatility persistence in the S&P BSE HEALTHCARE index. This research would be the first of its kind where the return volatility of the Indian healthcare sector has been discussed. Also, this research quantifies the return volatility of the healthcare sector during the pre- and post-COVID-19 period.

Predictors of Compassion Competence Among Nurses Working in The Non-profit Healthcare Sector in India

This cross-sectional study, conducted amid the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2021, investigates compassion competence predictors among nurses in India's non-profit healthcare sector. Employing an online questionnaire, we scrutinized socio-demographics, nurse practice environment, nurse engagement, and compassion competence in medical college hospitals managed by private trusts. Linear regression analysis revealed that both nurse practice environment (β=0.982, p=< .001) and engagement (β=0.842, p=< .001) significantly predicted compassion competence during the pandemic. Notably, a high level of compassion competence was observed, primarily attributed to the nurses' practice environment and engagement. These findings underscore the influential role of a supportive practice environment and engaged nursing staff in fostering compassion competence. The study reinforces previous insights linking heightened compassion competence to enhanced healthcare quality. The implications extend to healthcare management, emphasizing the pivotal role of these factors in nurturing and sustaining compassion, especially during crises.

Quantitative analysis to identify circular economy concepts incorporated in Indian policy documents regulating waste management by the Indian Healthcare sector

There is limited clarity on whether policy regimes for managing waste in the healthcare sector are designed for circularity. Systematic evaluation of policy instruments is largely unavailable. How circular is India's policy regime on managing healthcare waste? Using an innovative analytical approach based on the 6Rs of circularity and the principles of BS8001:2017, this research question is answered by quantitatively analysing 41 policy instruments associated with the policy regime on managing healthcare waste in India. Content analysis reveals that the policy regime for managing healthcare waste in India is linear – the regime needs to be dramatically rehauled to ensure circularity. Only about 3 to 5 % of circular economy-related codes could be identified in the policy instruments studied by this article. Transitioning to more integrated, holistic, and systems-oriented circular economic practices will, therefore, require a paradigm shift in thinking.

Sustainable leadership: empowering green organizational citizenship behaviour through employee green value in the Indian healthcare sector

PurposeLeadership is crucial for promoting employees’ environmental behaviour, essential for implementing sustainability initiatives. Academics and practitioners emphasize the need for integrated top-to-bottom actions to address environmental issues effectively. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate how Environment-Specific Servant Leadership (ESSL), via Employee Green Value (EGV), promotes Green Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (GOCB).Design/methodology/approachThe present study adopted a quantitative cross-sectional approach. Additionally, a total of 333 data points were collected from employees working in various hospitals in Ranchi, India. The data and hypothesized relationships were analysed using PLS-SEM with SmartPLS 4.0 software.FindingsThe present results indicate that ESSL has a notable direct effect on employees’ GOCB. Moreover, EGV was identified as a partial mediator in the relationship between ESSL and GOCB.Practical implicationsThe findings imply that leaders who prioritize sustainability and exhibit environmentally responsible behaviour, along with employees who value and prioritize green initiatives, can create a workplace that value pro-environmental practices. In this workplace employees are also likely to demonstrate green organizational citizenship behaviour, therefore promoting sustainable practices and outcomes.Originality/valueThis study provides valuable insight into the individual psychological mechanisms that drive voluntary participation in environmental protection and conservation efforts. Furthermore, the study also highlighted the relationship between ESSL, EGV and GOCB in terms of their work environment as well as highlighting the potential for organizations to create a more sustainable and socially responsible workplace.

Impact of intellectual capital on financial competitiveness in context of listed Indian healthcare enterprises

PurposeThis study aims to determine impact of Intellectual Capital (IC) and its constituents in impacting Financial Competitiveness (FC) of Standard & Poor’s Bombay Stock Exchange Healthcare index constituents for years 2013–2023.Design/methodology/approachThis research work used Modified Value-Added Intellectual Coefficients model to gauge IC, whilst an index has been used to apprehend alterations in FC of enterprises. Generalised method of moments (GMM) model was used to determine association between IC and FC of these enterprises.FindingsResults demonstrated that IC in entirety had a notable role in FC of healthcare firms. Results showed that human and relational capital had an affirmative role, while structural capital, capital employed and innovation capital had adverse roles in competitiveness.Research limitations/implicationsThis study provides important contributions to academicians, researchers, management, directors and policymakers by equipping them for preparing a roadmap for future performances. Outcomes imply that IC and its segments must be efficaciously managed in the highly knowledge intensive and intricately interconnected healthcare sector, to establish greater competitive acumen thereby rendering improved and superior results.Originality/valueThis work focusses in lesser researched Indian healthcare sector, scrutinising association between IC efficiency and FC for years 2013–2023.

Addressing The Healthcare Workforce Shortage in India: Strategies for Recruitment and Retention

Human resources in the health sector operating at suboptimal levels are a significant barrier to India's goal of providing medical care for all, especially since India is one of the most populous countries with limited healthcare resources. The study explores the mechanisms adopted to tackle the recruitment and retention of healthcare professionals in India, concentrating on rural and underserved localities. We included 20 studies identified through extensive literature research using multiple databases. This analysis highlights strategies, financial and educational interventions, regulatory interventions, and personal and professional support to influence workforce distribution in healthcare. The results indicate that the most successful way to solve the healthcare workforce shortage is through a multifaceted solution, engaging in multiple strategies. The study recommends that policymakers and healthcare organizations enhance recruitment and retention efforts in the Indian healthcare sector.

Public Health Care Management in India: Innovative Solutions for Future Health Challenges

There are substantial natural connections between development, poverty, and public health. In terms of public health, the healthcare sector in India is expanding at one of the quickest rates. India's health management is estimated to be worth over US$ 200 billion and is expanding at a compound annual growth rate of 22.9%. More than 65% of the market is accounted for by healthcare delivery, which includes hospitals, diagnostic centres, and pharmaceutical businesses. This business has grown more quickly as a result of rising income levels, more job opportunities, access to foreign markets, and quick technology improvements. Numerous investigations and international research findings have acknowledged the significance of this relationship. There has been much debate over the lengthy history of healthcare services over the appropriate role and stability of both the public and private sectors in providing healthcare services. These intermediate goals act as stepping stones towards the more general health system goals, which include financial risk protection, equity and efficiency in the delivery of health services, overall health gains, and awareness of the health system's ability to meet the needs of its population. Public-private collaborations have become a new tool for health challenging as a result of these goals' realization.

Advancing Cashless Treatment In Indian Healthcare Insurance: Benefits, Data Insights, And Strategic Steps

The Indian healthcare sector is experiencing a major shift, largely driven by progress in health insurance, especially in the area of cashless treatment options. This review article delves into the current landscape of health insurance in India, examines the advantages of cashless treatment, and outlines strategic measures to accelerate its adoption. Data from the fiscal year 2024 reveal a notable increase in insurance penetration and highlight the significant role of private sector participation. The article also presents a case study of Pristyn Care's efforts to reduce claim ratios, curb fraud, and extend services to underserved areas. These findings emphasize the ongoing need for enhancements in healthcare accessibility and efficiency through cashless treatment models

Perverse Development-Examining German Development Finance Institutions’ Engagement in Private Healthcare Sector in India

Perverse Development-Examining German Development Finance Institutions’ Engagement in Private Healthcare Sector in India

Identifying and modeling barriers to design thinking implementation in healthcare sector: an ISM-MICMAC approach

PurposeThis study aims to identify critical barriers to design thinking (DT) implementation in healthcare and to determine hierarchical relationships among the barriers.Design/methodology/approachThrough an extensive literature review and healthcare experts' opinions, 13 barriers to DT implementation in healthcare were identified. Data were collected using survey questionnaires, and an interpretive structural modeling (ISM) -MICMAC analysis was employed to produce a hierarchical model of identified barriers.FindingsResults reveal the absence of standalone barriers, highlighting “Lack of Organizational autonomy” and “Lack of innovation mindset” as crucial barriers at the bottom of the hierarchy. Overcoming these barriers requires a shift in organizational mindset, dedicated resources, interdisciplinary collaborations, and aligning DT with healthcare regulations.Practical implicationsThe findings aid policymakers in recognizing interconnected barriers, enabling DT implementation through strategic mitigation. Healthcare leaders and stakeholders can use this insight to formulate effective strategies for addressing these barriers.Originality/valueThis research presents a distinct investigation of identifying the barriers to DT implementation in the healthcare sector in India. DT’s seamless implementation in hospitals encounters diverse barriers, hindering its full potential. This research contributes to the extant literature by providing the interrelationship between the barriers and a hierarchical model for a clear understanding of the levels of barriers.

Selection of Best Hospital in Mumbai for Tuberculosis Treatment using AHP Technique

The healthcare sector in India is one of the largest sectors in the Indian economy where private sector dominates. Tuberculosis, commonly known as TB, is seen as one of the major health problems in the Indian health scenario. Treatment for the same has been progressing continuously. Tuberculosis being a bacterial infection requires antibiotics for treatment and prevention. Increasing sophistication of technology has also been playing a huge role in the treatment of tuberculosis. A survey was conducted for three known hospitals in the city of Mumbai, Maharashtra- Fortis Hospital, Apollo Hospital and Nanavati Hospital. A survey was done considering four factors- cost, infrastructure, quality and technology. Reasons for choosing these factors are elaborated upon ahead in the research paper. The data was collected through a primarysource where physical papers were circulated and responses collected were then analysed for the further process. Respondents were surveyed and their opinions on various factors as well as priorities of hospitals based on these factors were collected, analysed and processed for further understanding. By the way of conducting Analytic Hierarchy Process Method, it finds out which of these hospitals in Mumbai is preferred the most for its tuberculosis treatment. Keywords: Healthcare, Tuberculosis, treatment, survey, cost, infrastructure, quality, technology

Role of augmented reality and virtual reality from the Indian healthcare education perspective - A systematic review.

Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR), are upcoming technologies with considerable potential to revolutionizing healthcare education, enhancing patient safety, and improving healthcare quality particularly in the Indian context. This review is conducted to view the current scenario of Indian context considering the impact of COVID-19. The current systematic review study was done following PRISMA 2020 guidelines using the key terms "Augmented Reality," "Virtual Reality," "Healthcare," and "India." Only the PubMed database was selected based on its reputation and authenticity, which is the only limitation of this study and strength. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are used for synthesis of results. In Indian context, 12 (1.7%) and 36 (2.2%) articles related to AR and VR were found, respectively. Six abstracts could not be retrieved, and after screening abstracts, three were found not suitable in VR and eight were found duplicate. A total of 30 articles were considered for this review. 18 (50%) were original, 12 (33.3%) were review, and 6 (16.7%) were other articles. 03 (8.3%), 21 (58.3%), and 12 (33.3%) articles were related to AR, VR, and both AR and VR, respectively. Considering the single database search and six unretrievable abstract, AR, VR, mixed reality (MR), soft e-skin, and extended reality (XR) technologies have the potential to revolutionize healthcare education and training, reducing real-life errors and improving patient safety. Although the Indian healthcare sector only contributes 1.7-2.2% to PubMed publications related to AR and VR.. The review was not registered.

Uncovering the Issues Associated with AI and other Disruptive Technology Enabled Operational Practices in Healthcare Sectors in India

Background: Advanced technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI) and other Disruptive technology, have been directly responsible for the significant changes, renovations, and enhancements that have taken place in healthcare systems around the world. In spite of the many challenges, particularly in nations still growing their economies, the healthcare industry has a significant number of opportunities. Objective: To explore the key obstacles that were encountered by the healthcare industry both during and after the introduction of AI and other Disruptive technological practices associated with Health 4.0 in the healthcare industry to uncover how these variables influence AI and other Disruptive technology adoption in healthcare sector of India. Methods: An online survey format that included standardized questionnaire data was obtained from 83 hospitals, and a total of 434 samples have been implemented for various healthcare administrative staff members by the adoption of AI and Disruptive technology. ANOVA analysis was done to confirm the hypotheses' assumptions, then descriptive statistics were done to analyze the mean value, and also EFA and CFA analysis with SEM analysis has been done in the SPSS program for numerous validity tests (version 20). Results: This research explored 15 issues that healthcare administration staff members consider barriers and through the use of EFA, only two of the three primary obstacles"Additional workload" and "Problems with adopting technology" have a substantial impact on the rate at which AI is adopted in the healthcare industry, as seen through the eyes of the workers in that area. Conclusion: These challenges include a high need for capital, extra investments in new technologies like the internet of things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), business analytics, , resistance to change from both employees and employers, the need for a skilled workforce, and the upkeep of support systems. The use of blockchain technology in India's healthcare system as a secure service for administrative workers in Health 4.0 Practices could solve data security problems.

Human Factor and Ergonomics The Need of the Hour in Healthcare Sector of India

Human Factor and Ergonomics The Need of the Hour in Healthcare Sector of India

Economic and Financial Concern of Digital Healthcare Systems for better Governance- An Indian Context

"Digital Healthcare Systems bear great promise for better governance in healthcare sector in India. The age of Digitization brought many benefits to many sectors of administrative functions and healthcare remains one of the biggest beneficiaries. Simultaneously there are many issues of economic and financial nature that have emerged during successful implementation of digitization in healthcare. Issues that remain to be resolved are discussed in this research work and the promise that digitization brings for a credible governance of healthcare has also been explained in this work. After getting independence from an exploitative colonial rule India has come a long way to establish her presence in the global arena in terms of agriculture, industry, services and technology sectors. In this research work this long journey of development as a young nation has been refereed. Similarly the challenges that have been successfully faced have also been mentioned. The fact remains that economic and financial aspects being the prime areas of concerns in any developmental work need to need to be addressed properly. Here in this concept paper a detailed analysis has been presented to discover the paradigm of healthcare systems in India and systematic efforts by both public and private sector to resolve the issues in this particular paradigm. Nations change and so does their approach to development. But technology as a key driver in this development process brings many similarities across the world, hence in this paper, this immense applicability of cutting edge technologies that digital world offers to all has been duly acknowledged. India’s adoption and proper utilization of digital healthcare to resolve many issues of economic and financial concerns can throw light and inspire many other developing nations in the Indian subcontinent, has been justifiably presented in this research work, citing the limitations of the approach as"

Developing an Integrated Framework for Ensuring Patient Privacy and Confidentiality in the Age of Social Media: A Case Study and Research Approach in the Healthcare Sector of India

Developing an Integrated Framework for Ensuring Patient Privacy and Confidentiality in the Age of Social Media: A Case Study and Research Approach in the Healthcare Sector of India

IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE AIRLINE INDUSTRY

The purpose of the paper is to provide an overview of the issues related to artificial intelligence (AI) applications in the Indian healthcare sector and provide input to policymakers. A qualitative approach has been used in this study to identify government initiatives, opportunities, and challenges for applications of AI and suggest improvements in policy areas relevant to AI in healthcare. The study helps by providing comprehensive inputs for framing policy on AI in healthcare industry in India. The study also highlights that if the proper actions are taken to overcome the various challenges associated with applications of AI in healthcare sector in India by the government, then the healthcare sector will immensely benefit. This article has taken an attempt to provide inputs concerning to policy initiatives, challenges, and recommendations for improving the healthcare system of India using different applications of AI The purpose of the paper is to provide an overview of the issues related to artificial intelligence (AI) applications in the Indian healthcare sector and provide input to policymakers. A qualitative approach has been used in this study to identify government initiatives, opportunities, and challenges for applications of AI and suggest improvements in policy areas relevant to AI in healthcare. The India. The study also highlights that if the proper actions are taken to overcome the various challenges associated with applications of AI in healthcare sector in India by the government, then the healthcare sector will immensely benefit. This article has taken an attempt to provide inputs concerning to policy initiatives, challenges, and recommendations for improving the healthcare system of India using different applications of AI The purpose of the paper is to provide an overview of the issues related to artificial intelligence (AI) applications in the Indian healthcare sector and provide input to policymakers. A qualitative approach has been used in this study to identify government initiatives, opportunities, and challenges for applications of AI and suggest improvements in policy areas relevant to AI in healthcare. The study helps by providing comprehensive inputs for framing policy on AI in healthcare industry in India. The study also highlights that if the proper actions are taken to overcome the various challenges associated with applications of AI in healthcare sector in India by the government, then the healthcare sector will immensely benefit. This article has taken an attempt to provide inputs concerning to policy initiatives, challenges, and recommendations for improving the healthcare system of India using different applications of A The purpose of the paper is to provide an overview of the issues related to artificial intelligence (AI) applications in the Indian healthcare sector and provide input to policymakers. A qualitative approach has been used in this study to identify government initiatives, opportunities, and challenges for applications of AI and suggest improvements in policy areas relevant to AI in healthcare.

IJCM_269A: Knowledge, attitude, and practice of artificial intelligence in medical field among Undergraduate and Postgraduate medical students in Tamil Nadu: A cross-sectional online survey.

Background: Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the health care has gained attention worldwide due to its potential to revolutionize health care delivery, improve diagnostics, and enhance patient outcomes. AI has the potential to address challenges in Indian health care sector like shortage of workforce by providing decision support, automating repetitive tasks, and improving diagnostic accuracy. Objective: To assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) of Artificial Intelligence in health care among Undergraduate and Postgraduate medical students in Tamil Nadu. Methodology: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 200 undergraduate and postgraduate medical students over a period of 2 months (Sept to Oct 2023). Data collection was done using Google form which comprises of a pretested, semi-structured questionnaire and statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS version 21. Results: Out of 200 participants, 94 (47%) were Undergraduates and 106 (53%) were Postgraduates. In total 123 (61.5%) had good knowledge, 190 (95%) had positive attitude and 61 (30.5%) had good practice towards Artificial Intelligence in healthcare. Postgraduates had better knowledge and practice than undergraduates Conclusion: A majority of the participants displayed good knowledge and positive attitude towards Artificial Intelligence in healthcare. Notably, postgraduates outperformed undergraduates, suggesting the need for tailored educational interventions. While AI training in the curriculum remains limited, the high willingness to engage with AI in the future underscores its potential for transformative impact in healthcare.

IJCM_235A: Extent and pattern of telemedicine usage and perceptions about telemedicine among health care practitioners across the state of Karnataka, A cross sectional study

Background: Telemedicine is a developing technology in the Indian healthcare sector. The success of any new technology depends on factors such as knowledge, perception, and willingness of users and professionals to engage it. Hence this study will be conducted to assess the perceptions and usage of telemedicine by healthcare professionals in Karnataka state of India. Objectives: a. To ascertain the extent of telemedicine usage by healthcare professionals in different parts of the state of Karnataka. b. To determine the different models of telemedicine used by healthcare professionals. c. To compare the utilization pattern of telemedicine across various demographic, academic, career and healthcare setting-related parameters of healthcare providers. Methodology: Methods: This study will be conducted using a cross-sectional survey design. The survey will be conducted among healthcare professionals in Karnataka, including doctors, nurses, and other healthcare professionals. Results: In the present study overall usage f telemedicine was 30%. The utilization pattern of telemedicine various widely across various demographic, academic, career and healthcare setting-related parameters of healthcare providers. Different models of telemedicine were used by healthcare professionals in different parts of Karnataka. The utilization pattern of telemedicine is more in urban areas of state. Covid 19 pandemic has a great effect on usage of telemedicine by healthcare professionals. Conclusion: In the present study overall usage f telemedicine was 30%. The utilization pattern of telemedicine various widely across various demographic, academic, career and healthcare setting-related parameters of healthcare providers. Different models of telemedicine were used by healthcare professionals in different parts of Karnataka.