Health Care In Korea Research Articles

The Negative Effects of Customer Incivility and the Moderating Role of Perceived Organizational Support for Customer Incivility

서비스 조직의 구성원들은 다양한 고객을 응대한다. 이 과정에서 고객으로부터 여러 형태의 비인격적 대우를 경험하기도 한다. 다양한 비인격적 대우 중, 특히 공격의도가 모호하지만 언어적 혹은 비언어적으로 무시하고 모욕감을 주는 고객의 무례한 행동(customer incivility)으로 인해 구성원들은 직장에서 정신적 및 육체적으로 상당한 어려움을 겪고 있다. 이런 점에서 조직은 고객의 무례한 행동이라는 비인격적 대우의 심각성을 인식하고 제도적인 대책과 지원을 통해 조직구성원들의 지속적인 서비스 몰입과 안녕감 유지에 주의를 기울여야 한다. 그러나 선행연구는 주로 고객의 무례한 행동의 다양한 부정적 결과, 과정 그리고 개인적 대응이나 리더 및 동료의 역할과 같은 국지적인 경계조건 고찰에 집중하고 있다. 그 결과, 상대적으로 조직차원에서 고객의 무례한 행동에 직접적으로 대응하거나 부정적 효과를 완화시킬 수 있는 경계조건에 대한 이해가 매우 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 고객의 무례한 행동이라는 부정적 사건에 대한 조직의 제도적 지원인식을 개념화하고, 고객의 무례한 행동이 감정적 소진을 통해 고객을 향한 서비스 제공 업무에 전념하는 서비스 몰입과 직장에서의 행복감에 미치는 과정에서 작용하는 완충효과에 초점을 두었다. 가설검증을 위해 고객서비스가 중요한 금융, 항공, 헬스케어, 교육서비스 기업의 구성원들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 최종 243개의 자료를 기반으로 실증분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 고객의 무례한 행동은 구성원들의 일과 삶에서 핵심인 서비스 몰입 및 직장에서의 행복에 유의한 부(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 감정소진이 고객의 무례한 행동으로 인한 서비스 몰입과 직장에서의 행복의 유의미한 매개변수임을 확인하였다. 셋째, 고객의 무례한 행동에 대한 조직의 제도적 지원이 고객의 무례한 행동이 감정 소진으로 이어지는 부정적 효과를 직접적으로 완충시키는 중요한 조절변수임을 확인하였다. 이는 고객과의 상호작용에서 불가피하게 겪을 수 있는 비인격적 대우는 조직 차원에서 제도적 지원을 통해 이에 직접적으로 대응할 수 있는 직무여건을 조성할 때, 부정적 효과를 완화시킬 수 있음을 시사하는 결과라고 할 수 있다. 마지막으로, 실증분석 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 이론적, 실무적 시사점을 논의하였으며, 연구의 한계와 향후 연구 과제를 제시하였다.Employees of service organizations interact with various customers. During this communication process, employees are exposed to several forms of customer mistreatment. In particular, customer incivility is the most frequently experienced form of workplace mistreatment. Customer incivility is low-intensity deviant behavior with ambiguous intent to harm employees, in violation of workplace norms for mutual respect. In this regard, the organization should recognize the seriousness of the harmful implications of customer incivility as a daily occurrence. Although customer incivility has been shown to negatively impact employees’ work and life, little is known about moderators to buffer the negative effects of customer incivility. Previous research on customer incivility has focused on the various negative consequences of customer incivility, its processes, and limited boundary conditions, such as individual differences or the role of leaders and colleagues. Thus, we focus on the perception of organizational support for customer incivility and examine the buffer effect that works in the process of customer incivility affecting service commitment and work happiness through emotional exhaustion. We tested the proposed research model using a sample of 243 employees from service industries such as finance, healthcare, airline, and education in South Korea. Results indicated that customer incivility was negatively related with service commitment and happiness in the workplace. The results also showed that emotional exhaustion mediated the relationship between customer incivility and service commitment and work happiness. More importantly, perceived organizational support for customer incivility was identified as the statistically significant moderator that directly mitigates the negative effects of customer incivility. On the basis of these empirical results, we discussed theoretical and practical implications, limitations of this study, and directions for future research.

특허분석을 통한 한국의 디지털 헬스케어 분야 경쟁력 분석연구

최근 IoT, 인공지능의 발전에 따라 디지털 헬스케어 분야에 대한 관심이 증대되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 디지털 헬스케어에 대한 특허분석을 통해 기술동향을 확인하고 국내외 기술경쟁력 및 키워드 분석을 통하여 향후 유망 분야를 제시 하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 건강정보 측정기술, 건강관리 플랫폼 기술, 건강관리 원격서비스 기술을 분석대상 세부기술로 분 류하고 이에 해당하는 국내외 특허 61,166건을 분석하여 전 세계 주요 특허청별 특허동향과 주요 출원인을 확인하였다. 또한 특허활동력, 주요시장 확보율, 특허 피인용도를 기반으로 세부기술별 기술경쟁력과 한국의 기술경쟁력을 분석한 결과, 전 세계 기술수준에 비하여 한국의 기술경쟁력이 저조한 것으로 파악되었다. 그리고 핵심키워드 분석을 통해 디지털 헬스케어 의 핵심 유망분야를 예측한 결과 한국의 건강관리 플랫폼 기술에 대한 집중적인 육성전략이 필요한 것으로 도출되었다.

한국 보건의료의 제도적·운용적 특성과 공공성 연구

한국은 낮은 재정자원으로 비교적 국민건강과 기대수명을 획기적으로 개선한 나라에 속한다.BR 제도적 측면에서 한국은 공공병원의 비중이 매우 낮음에도 불구하고 국민건강보험과 당연지정제도 등으로 의료 수혜대상의 확대와 의료형평성 등 공공성에 대한 제도적 기반 확충에 기여를 하였다.BR 그러나 운용적인 측면에서는 아직 공공성이 OECD나 영국, 독일, 미국보다 낮다. 첫째, 한국은 GDP 대비 사회복지 지출, 의료비 지출 역시 OECD 평균 및 비교 국가보다 낮다. 그러나 의료비용의 증가는 빠르게 이루어지고 있다. 둘째, 외래진료와 병원입원 일 수 등 병원이용은 세계 최고 수준이지만 국민의료의 편익과 관련 없는 비용증가가 보편적 의료서비스의 공공성을 저해하고 있다. 셋째, 인적, 물적 자원을 포함한 의료자원의 비효율적 분배이다. 특히 민간병원, 병상 수의 급증은 과도한 시장경쟁을 촉진하여 공공성을 약화시킨다. 결론적으로 한국은 제도적·운용적 측면에서 수혜대상의 확대, 환자에 대한 의료기관의 수용성 촉진으로 기본적인 의료공공성은 크게 높아졌지만 병원이용의 형평성, 의료자원의 최적화, 공적기관의 운영이나 공공재정의 지원 등의 영역에서는 아직도 공공성이 낮다.

Perceptions regarding utilization of meteorological information in healthcare in Korea: a qualitative study

BackgroundHealth forecasting has been used in an attempt to provide timely and tailored meteorological information to patients and healthcare providers so that they might take appropriate actions to mitigate health risks and manage healthcare-related needs. This study examined the in-depth perceptions of healthcare providers and the general public regarding the utilization of meteorological information in the healthcare system in Korea.MethodsThe COREQ (Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research) checklist was applied to this study. We conducted three focus group discussions in accordance with semi-structured guidelines developed to deal with various aspects of the utilization of meteorological information in healthcare settings. The verbatim transcriptions and field notes were analyzed according to content analysis.ResultsSix physicians, four nurses, three emergency medical technicians, and seven members of the general public participated in the focus group discussions. There were some individual discrepancies among most participants regarding the health effects of climate change. Although several physician participants felt that meteorological information utilization is not a prime concern during patient care, most of the general public participants believed that it should be used in the patient care process. The provision of meteorological information to patients undergoing care is expected to not only improve the effective management of climate-sensitive diseases, but also boost rapport between healthcare providers and patients.ConclusionsMore attempts should be made to provide meteorological information to groups vulnerable to climate change, and the effects of this information should be evaluated in terms of effectiveness and inequality. The findings of this study will be helpful in countries and institutions trying to introduce health forecasting services.

Classification of SmartMentalTech Services and Application for Comprehensive Mental Healthcare Stepped-Care Model (CMHSCM): Health Psychological Approach

The study investigates the existing smart mental healthcare technologies and analyses the views of potential users in order to devise a comprehensive mental healthcare stepped-care model (CMHCSM) for managing individual preventive care or treatment. The development of various SmartMentalTech solutions may meet the growing demands in mental healthcare intervention and also overcome the limitations of traditional mental healthcare system regarding accessibility. South Korea and Japan have had a relatively high suicide rate and a rising prevalence of mental illness, with the prospect of using a category of products referred to as smart technologies in mental healthcare, hence SmartMentalTech. To investigate the application feasibility of a SmartMentalTech prototype for mental healthcare in South Korea and Japan, this comparative research examined various associated parameters. However, the rapid growth of mental healthcare technology may cause confusion among users regarding the best options to choose. To resolve this, a Health Psychological Approach was adopted and the comprehensive mental healthcare stepped-care model (CMHCSM) was applied. The findings of this study have thus classified 12 types of SmartMentalTech that have been applied to CMHCSM. In the choice of technology types, there were some differences between South Korean and Japanese users. The study concludes that SmartMentalTech should be promoted as an accompanying solution that is readily accessible for the users and describes the four steps of the stepped-care approach for comprehensive management. Further research in the form of an evidence-based analysis of the 12 types of smart technologies use in mental healthcare is recommended.

한국 의료의 국제화와 윤리적 문제

The globalization of healthcare is a multi-layered phenomenon in Korea. Medical tourism, which has emerged as a major trading resource and engine of economic growth, is receiving strong support from the government. At the same time, the number of multicultural patients with inadequate access to basic medical services is rapidly increasing. This article examines the ethical issues related to the globalization of healthcare in Korea as well as some of the ethical problems caused by insufficient clinical and cultural competence within the medical profession. Failure to understand the health-related differences between regions and cultures can compromise the quality of healthcare. Furthermore, language and cultural barriers can cause inequity by hindering access to health care. This article argues that in order to resolve the problems of polarization and inequality in a globalized healthcare system, efforts must be made to ensure the clinical and cultural competency of medical professionals in Korea.

Refugee’s Rights to HIV/AIDS Healthcare in Korea under the UNAIDS Guidelines

Refugee’s Rights to HIV/AIDS Healthcare in Korea under the UNAIDS Guidelines

The perception of healthcare employees and the impact of healthcare accreditation on the quality of healthcare in Korea

Objective: In order to encourage more hospitals to participate in the accreditation, there needs to be “substantial evidence of the effectiveness of accreditation”. The aim of this study was to identify and analyze healthcare employees’ perceptions of hospital accreditation and the impact of hospital accreditation on the quality of healthcare in Korea.Methods: Eight electronic databases were searched between June and July 2016. Of the initially identified 392 abstracts, 14 empirical studies on healthcare accreditation in Korea were selected based on the inclusion criteria. These were retrieved and analyzed.Results: The 14 studies assessed healthcare employees’ perception of hospital accreditation as well as the impact of hospital accreditation on the quality of healthcare. The results were classified into four categories according to perception (Need, Purpose, Intent, and Relevance of standards), and into five categories according to the impact of accreditation (Patient safety and healthcare quality, Satisfaction with hospital employees, Leadership, Organizational culture, and Managerial performance). Findings showed that healthcare employees’ had good understanding of the purpose, need, and intention of the healthcare accreditation system, but indicated that limitations exist with the accreditation standards. Moreover, evidence showed that healthcare accreditation in Korea has made a positive impact on “patient safety and healthcare quality”, “leadership” and “organizational culture”.Conclusions: Healthcare accreditation has had a positive overall impact on hospitals and has improved the quality of healthcare as well as patient safety. However, more rigorous research and more diverse research methods are required to determine its long-term effect.

Drug Resistance Patterns of Multidrug- and Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Korea: Amplification of Resistance to Oral Second-line Drugs.

We aimed to analyze the drug resistance patterns of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) and the difference of drug resistance among various settings for health care in Korea. The data of drug susceptibility testing in 2009 was analyzed in order to secure sufficient number of patients from various settings in Korea. Patients were categorized by types of institutions into four groups, which comprised new and previously treated patients from public health care centers (PHC), the private sector, and Double-barred Cross clinics (DBC). The resistance rates to first-line drugs were uniformly high in every group. While the resistance rates to second-line drugs were not as high as first-line drugs, there was a pattern that drug resistance rates were lowest for PHC and highest for DBC. The differences of the resistance rates were more prominent for oral second-line drugs. Our findings implied that drug resistance to oral second-line drugs was significantly amplified during multidrug-resistant-TB treatment in Korea. Therefore, an individualized approach is recommended for treating drug-resistant-TB based on susceptibility testing results to prevent acquisition or amplification of drug resistance.

Paying out-of-pocket for health care in Korea: Changes in catastrophic and poverty impact over a decade of 1996-2005

Paying out-of-pocket for health care in Korea: Changes in catastrophic and poverty impact over a decade of 1996-2005

Status and compliance with standard open format of public open data in healthcare in Korea

Status and compliance with standard open format of public open data in healthcare in Korea

Yoga for Health Care in Korea: A Protocol for Systematic Review of Clinical Trials

This systematic review aims to evaluate the therapeutic effects of yoga therapy using an evidence-based approach and investigates the relationship between yoga and the meridian energies based on all available clinical studies in Korea.Sixteen electronic databases will be searched from the inception of the study until January 2016. All clinical evidences that evaluate any type of yoga and any type of control in individuals with any type of condition will be eligible. The methodological quality will be assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized clinical trials and the Newcastle–Ottawa scale for nonrandomized studies. Two authors will independently assess each study for eligibility and the risk of bias, and then they will extract the data. With its extensive, unbiased search of the Korean literature from various databases without any language restrictions, this systematic review will be useful for both practitioners in the field of yoga research as well as for patients.

Identifying and prioritizing critical factors for promoting the implementation and usage of big data in healthcare

Big data is expected to provide many benefits to healthcare organizations through cost reduction, disease prediction, and patient care improvement. Big data in healthcare at a nascent stage faces many challenges in satisfying expectations. This study investigates factors for promoting the implementation and usage of big data in healthcare in Korea, using an analytical hierarchy process (AHP). We established a research framework that considers four domains and 15 factors. We collected data by a survey of experts engaged in big data and healthcare IT. The results show that data and organization have greater impacts than technology and support domains. Organizational analytics capability, data quality, data privacy and security, organizational application capability, data standardization, and data experts are the most important factors for promoting the implementation and usage of big data in healthcare. The study presents the implications in terms of the policies and ecosystem for countries, including Korea, which intend to activate big data in healthcare.

Factors Influencing on Awareness Levels of Medical Service in Ambulatory Surgery Patients in A Tertiary Health Care

This study was performed to identify the factors influencing on awareness levels of medical service in ambulatory surgery patients in a tertiary health care in Korea. Data were surveyed using interview and questionnaires by 166 outpatients who visited a general hospital which was located in Chungnam area from January 13 to February 26, 2015. General characteristics and factors related to awareness levels of medical service were analyzed with descriptive statistics by frequency and percentage. factors related to awareness levels according to general characteristics were measured by t or ANOVA. Factors Influencing on ambulatory surgery outpatients were performed by multiple regression analysis. The results of this study are as follows. Firstly, for the subject’s gender, male with 51.2% revealed higher rate than female with 48.8%. Secondly, for religion, the proportion of christianity(28.3%) was a higher rate than the proportion(20.5%) of buddihism. Thirdly, in the factor related to awareness levels of Received(November 16, 2015), Review request(November 17, 2015), Review Result(1st: December 04, 2015, 2nd: December 30, 2015) Accepted(January 08, 2016), Published(January 31, 2016) 32588, Dept. of Medical Information, Kongju National University. 56 Gongjudaehak-ro, Gongju-si, Chungnam, Korea email : leesr@kongju.ac.kr Factors Influencing on Awareness Levels of Medical Service in Ambulatory Surgery Patients in A Tertiary Health Care Copyright c 2016 HSST 110 medical service, outpatients who had an experience with hospitalizing, there was significant difference in regard to the reliability of medical service(t=0.584, p<.05). Fourthly, multiple regression analysis revealed that their age and education affected the perception of ambulatory surgery (p<.05). In conclusion, in order to increase the rate of ambulatory surgery, it is necessary to give information about the advantages of ambulatory surgery and preoperative education.

보건의료계열 대학생의 생명의료윤리의식, 도덕적 자아개념 및 자아존중감*

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the level of biomedical ethics awareness, moral self-concepts, and self-esteem among college students majoring in healthcare. This study employed a crosssectional survey design. The participants were 268 third- or fourth-year university students majoring in healthcare in South Korea. The statistical analyses include descriptive statistics of the respondents’ general characteristics, and the data were analyzed with a t-test and ANOVA using the SPSS WIN 18.0 program. The average score for biomedical ethics awareness was 2.01±0.20 (using a 4-point Likert scale); the scores for self-esteem and moral self-concepts were 2.04±0.45, and 2.17±0.31 respectively. Biomedical ethics awareness showed a positive correlation with moral self-concepts (r=.157, p=.011); and selfesteem showed a positive correlation with moral self-concepts (r=.596, p&lt;.001). Reproductive ethics (r=.124, p=.043) and the right to life (r=.147, p=.016), sub-domains of biomedical ethics awareness, also showed positive correlations with moral self-concepts. The results of this study suggest that biomedical ethics education should focus primarily on reproductive ethics, the right to life, and the ethics of death.

Big data analysis framework for healthcare and social sectors in Korea.

ObjectivesWe reviewed applications of big data analysis of healthcare and social services in developed countries, and subsequently devised a framework for such an analysis in Korea.MethodsWe reviewed the status of implementing big data analysis of health care and social services in developed countries, and strategies used by the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Korea (Government 3.0). We formulated a conceptual framework of big data in the healthcare and social service sectors at the national level. As a specific case, we designed a process and method of social big data analysis on suicide buzz.ResultsDeveloped countries (e.g., the United States, the UK, Singapore, Australia, and even OECD and EU) are emphasizing the potential of big data, and using it as a tool to solve their long-standing problems. Big data strategies for the healthcare and social service sectors were formulated based on an ICT-based policy of current government and the strategic goals of the Ministry of Health and Welfare. We suggest a framework of big data analysis in the healthcare and welfare service sectors separately and assigned them tentative names: 'health risk analysis center' and 'integrated social welfare service network'. A framework of social big data analysis is presented by applying it to the prevention and proactive detection of suicide in Korea.ConclusionsThere are some concerns with the utilization of big data in the healthcare and social welfare sectors. Thus, research on these issues must be conducted so that sophisticated and practical solutions can be reached.

Ubiquitous Healthcare in Korea

Ubiquitous Healthcare in Korea

Strategies to strengthen primary care for the efficiency and equity of health care in Korea

Strategies to strengthen primary care for the efficiency and equity of health care in Korea

The determinants of official development assistance for healthcare in Korea

은 전 세계적으로 증가하고 있는 상황이다. 2008년 세계적 This paper aims to examine the factors that affect the amount of official development assistance (ODA) a developing country receives for healthcare by the Korean government. We empirically tested to what extent the amount of Korea’s ODA in health care services, infrastructure, HIV/AIDS, and tuberculosis are affected by the relevant demand factors in the recipient countries. To do so, we carried out country-level multivariate regression analyses by setting the amount of ODA for four health care sectors as dependent variables and the relevant demand factors and economic factors as independent variables. A panel dataset was constructed by combining ODA data from the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development and World Development Indicators. The analyses showed that the ODA for health care in Korea is partly meeting the recipient’s health care needs. In particular, the recipients with a smaller number of physicians are likely to receive more ODA for medical services. Meanwhile, the amount of international trade with Korea is likely to affect the amount of ODA for medical services. However, disease factors, such as prevalence of HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis, did not positively affect the amount of ODA for those diseases. These results indicate that Korea’s ODA system for health care needs to be improved to meet the demand of the recipients in order to achieve the humanitarian objectives set by the international community. We hope that the medical community and the government of Korea can cooperate in setting the global policy agenda for health care ODA based on concrete evidence-based healthcare policy research.

범부처 공공보건의료인력 관리조직의 필요성과 과제

Purpose : The aim of this study is to review the current status of healthcare provision and its human resources administrative management and propose a coordinated human resource management plan for the more efficient operations of healthcare organizations. Methods : We reviewed the literature and held discussions with officials from the United States Department of Health and Human Services to survey United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps operations. In addition, we surveyed the literature to analyze the current structure and responsibilities of governing bodies involved in public healthcare in Korea. Results : In Korea, there are several administrative offices involved in public health: the Ministry of Health and Welfare, the Ministry of Defense, the Environment Ministry and others. Since these diverse agencies don't integrate their operations, it is difficult to grasp their management of both public healthcare services and their personnel. A potential model is the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, a sub-group of the Department of Health and Human Services and an elite team of highly qualified, public health professionals, which coordinates and manages the overall work and personnel of diverse healthcare organizations. Conclusion : We suggest the establishment of a federal level, public health administrative department of human resource management to centralize and coordinate the existing, disparate healthcare administrative agencies.