Hazardous Facilities Research Articles

MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF UNSTATIONARY AIR POLLUTION PROCESS

Problem statement. The task of determining the dynamics of air pollution in the working room when air containing a chemically hazardous substance flows into it is considered. The peculiarity of this problem is that the formation of pollution areas in the room is influenced by many factors, especially the internal geometry (the presence of technological equipment in the room, furniture, etc.). Therefore, it is necessary to have specialized mathematical models that allow predicting the level of chemical air pollution in the room for a given type of pollution. The purpose of the article. Development of a three-dimensional numerical model for indoor air flow aerodynamics and mass transfer of a chemically hazardous substance entering the room through the ventilation system to predict the risk of toxic damage to workers. Methodology. A three-dimensional equation of convective-diffusion transport for a chemically hazardous substance is used to model the process of a chemically hazardous substance spread in the working room air. The air flow velocity field in the working room is calculated on the basis of the model for the incompressible fluid potential motion. For the numerical integration of the Laplace equation for the velocity potential, two finite-difference schemes are used. The splitting method and finite-difference schemes are used for the numerical integration of the three-dimensional mass transfer equation of the impurity. At each splitting step, the determination of the unknown concentration of the impurity is carried out according to an explicit formula. A computer code was created to conduct computational experiments based on the developed numerical model. Scientific novelty. A three-dimensional numerical model has been developed to analyse the dynamics of the formation of chemical air pollution areas in workplaces when impurities enter the premises through the ventilation system. A feature of the model is the consideration of the main physical factors affecting the formation of pollution areas and the calculation speed. Practical value. The numerical model and the computer code developed on its basis allow solving specific problems that arise when assessing the risk of toxic damage to workers at chemically hazardous facilities. Conclusions. An effective three-dimensional numerical model and computer code have been created, which allow predicting the level of chemical contamination of working premises when a toxic substance enters the premises through the ventilation system. The results of the computational experiment are presented.

Assessment of the Individual Risk of Injury to Service Personnel During the Operation of Complex Technical Systems Using a Simulation Model

In a typical system for ensuring the safety of operation of equipment of complex technical systems, the most important element is the assessment of the individual risk of death (injury) and/or harm to the health of service personnel.. T erefore, in the process of developing a qualitative decision on the formation of a list and parameters of safety program measures, it is necessary to assess individual risk indicators, which is complicated by the presence of various uncertainties that cause the appearance of individual risk during the operation of equipment. T e article presents a simulation model that allows assessing the indicators of individual risk of death (injury) of service personnel during the operation of equipment in order to form a safety program. T is simulation model dif ers from the existing ones in that, as a result of aggregation of models of subprocesses of the operation of a hazardous production facility, it is possible to establish a relationship between the scenarios of the implementation of negative events, the parameters of the safety program measures and the complex ef ects of all signif cant undesirable factors. T e developed simulation model makes it possible to increase the adequacy of the assessment of the risk indicator: the individual risk of death (injury) and/or harm to the health of service personnel. T e ef iiency of the methodology will be demonstrated by the example of receiving an electrical injury by maintenance personnel during operation of the power supply system.

Assessment of Environmental Risk from Radioactive Pollution of the Environment

T e article presents a methodology for assessing the risk of radioactive contamination of the environment according to the data of radiation monitoring. T e methodology is based on the indicators of radiation exposure and control levels of radionuclides in environmental components, the non-exceeding of which ensures the safety of natural environment. T e risk assessment methodology uses three indicators: an environmental risk index, based on radiation dose rates to reference biota; an integral indicator of pollution of the territory; a generalized risk indicator, estimated in scores, considering both the area and time dynamics of pollution. Examples of methodology application are given, presenting risk assessment for Chernobyl contaminated territories, also risk assessment for radiation hazardous facilities. T e proposed risk assessment procedure can be used to analyzing and interpreting information about radiation risks on the territory of the Russian Federation based on radiation monitoring data, taking into account the requirements of environmental protection, assessment of the state and changes in the radiation situation under the inf uence of natural and anthropogenic factors, including radiation facilities. T e methodology produces reliable integral information about radiation impact on the environment and its interpretation based on the concept of environmental risk. T e results of the risk assessment from radioactive pollution of the environment are used in the development and decision-making on the need for environmental protection measures, and also make it possible to rank the factors of radiation exposure and rationally organize monitoring of the radiation situation.

Occupational Health and Safety in Drug Manufacturing Industry: A Short Review

Background: Not much is known about the health risks of workplace in the drug manufacturing industry. While the pharmaceutical industries seem safe superficially, the production of medicines demand a well maintained and clean working atmosphere and the typical depiction of employees wearing white coats add to the illusion. Objective: To document occupational health and safety in drug manufacturing industry. Methods: Large-scale research was conducted to assess the health, safety and efficacy of specific drugs before their marketing and distribution, however only a few surveys have examined the occupational health and safety of employees who manufacture these drugs. Results: There are many irritants and drugs that cause risk to health, these include powdered penicillin, nicotinic compounds, Local anaesthetics, chloroform, sulfonechloramides, benzene, mepacrine, acriflavine and sulfonating agents. The most crucial aspects of efficient pharmaceutical safety management are knowing and recognising the danger of hazardous facility and hazard discharge. The easiest method to avoid difficulties is to eliminate the danger or employ substitution (choosing the least toxic or safest product or process available). Furthermore, it appears plausible to anticipate that chemical-related health impacts of pharmaceutical industry activity, long-term effects, in particular, are likely under-reported and understated. Other dangers (for example, ergonomic design and stressors) are reported more frequently in internal company systems, but are rarely acknowledged in public. Conclusion: General safety guidelines and rules for drug manufacturing safety should be followed. These include; not to work alone in the laboratory, never use pipette with mouth, wear goggles or safety glasses in the laboratory, practice personal hygiene rules, do not eat or drink in the laboratory, use PPE and the practice of good housekeeping techniques.Keywords: Occupational health and safety, drug manufacturing, Pharma industry, international standards

Comparing apples and oranges: Creating a comprehensive view of facility siting risks

AbstractEnsuring that building occupants are safe from the myriad potential hazards in process facilities involves many challenges. Often, a facility siting plan is the result of several disparate studies, conducted years apart, and stitched together to try to form an overall plan. This makes it difficult to find a complete representation of potential impacts on a building, or gauge how changes to operations may impact nearby buildings. Understanding all potential impacts is critical when making investment decisions regarding mitigations of facility siting risks. Many of these challenges can be addressed by creating a single map of the site using a high‐resolution satellite image embedded into a CAD file. By utilizing layering capabilities, contours from individual scenarios can be drawn on individual layers and viewed individually or used together to create an overall map to enable siting of occupied facilities. By having each potential hazard type drawn on a single map, one can quickly evaluate the potential hazards that impact a particular area and see whether a particular potential hazard is dominant. This can help in deciding where to site buildings, whether or not a building occupancy can be increased, evaluation of efficacy of risk mitigation measures, and emergency response efforts.

Study of methods of online monitoring of parameters of working conditions in JSC «Alatau Zharyk Company»

RELEVANCE of the work lies in establishing the relationship between industrial injuries, when online monitoring in the electric grid company, with the influence of hazardous production factors, since the latter is the cause of accidents, Accidents and other occupational hazards of employees and loss of health of employees. For this purpose it is necessary to develop methods of causes, nature and application of systems of prevention and localization of accidents, accidents. THE PURPOSE. The article discusses possible solutions to an urgent problem - analysis and determination of the causes of industrial injuries and occupational morbidity in the electric power industry and assessment of occupational risks of workers and loss of health of workers at hazardous production facilities, as well as the lack of attention of employers to the reconstruction and modernization of production, the development andapplication of warning systems and localization of accidents, accidents, preventive work, control over the state of the production environment and compliance with sanitary and hygienic requirements, which will generally lead to industrial safety. METHODS. The main research method was the development and application of systems for the prevention and localization of accidents, accidents, preventive work, monitoring the state of the production environment and compliance with sanitary and hygienic requirements. RESULTS. The methods of online monitoring of the parameters of working conditions are considered, while the authors carried out special studies of the complex influence of adverse environmental factors and working conditions, which make it possible to unambiguously identify priority etiological factors, as well as sources of impact on the human environment. CONCLUSION. Attention is drawn to the prospects of the adverse impact ofproduction factors under conditions of intensive technogenic pollution of the environment. The authors believe that in order to increase the effectiveness of socio-hvgienic monitoring in the analysis and forecasting of the impact of the environment on the health of the population, it is necessary to develop objective criteria for assessing both the natural and industrial environment in order to study significant changes and develop measures to improve and improve working conditions and means management of production safety, adaptive capabilities of the body and the prevention of environmental pathology.

Production Facilities Safety Assessment According to the Maximum Values of Machines Reliability

Introduction. At the stage of designing technical devices and performing appropriate strength calculations of metal structures, sufficiently large reserves of strength are taken, which, theoretically, exclude any failures of parts. In fact, the machines work with frequent failures. Of interest are undiagnosed failures that lead to a critical decrease in safety, especially at hazardous production facilities. It is assumed that the previously applied approaches of selective determination of the maximum (minimum) reliability value, based on point estimates of the distribution parameters of the two-parameter Weibull law, lead to an overestimation of the calculated indicators of the probability of failure-free operation, i.e. underestimation of risk. Therefore, the work objective is to consider an approach to assessing the risk of operating production facilities in a situation of accidental occurrence of dangerous and undiagnosed failures in systems.Materials and Methods. Methods for technical devices safety assessment based on probability theory were used in the work, and the probability of machine failure was determined based on the well-known method of reliability theory. This method consists in calculating and constructing distribution functions of random variables (load-bearing capacity and loading) that influence the occurrence of failure. The level of increase in the reliability index was determined, leading to frequent unpredictable failures of technical devices (machines) and a decrease in the safety of their operation.Results. The signs of inconsistency of strength calculations based on overestimated safety margins, which in theory exclude failures of parts and machines in general, are identified and substantiated. A new approach to risk assessment of operating production facilities in a situation of accidental occurrence of dangerous and undiagnosed failures by safety systems has been developed and implemented. An algorithm for determining the three parameters of Weibull's law for a population based on sample data has been developed. The resource distribution densities of the boom of the single-bucket excavator EK-14 are constructed. The recommendations are given to increase the probability of failure-free operation to 0.9989.Discussion and Conclusion. The results of the conducted research allow us to substantiate a new approach to risk assessment of operating production facilities in the event of dangerous and undiagnosed failures of basic parts by safety systems, leading to negative consequences.

Состояние основных производственных фондов и обеспечение промышленной безопасности

The level of accident rate at hazardous production facilities is largely determined by the degree of moral and physical depreciation of the fixed assets in the fuel and energy industry. Depreciation factor of the fixed assets is almost always present among the causes of accidents at hazardous production facilities in the modern-day Russia. Fixed assets are large blocks of the industrial safety foundation. Accident rate and injury rate, as inevitable and tragic costs of industrial production, originated in the industrial era, do not disappear in the post-industrialism, and become problematic in the crisis of industrialism. To assess the state of safety at hazardous production facilities, an up-to-date risk-oriented map is required related to the creation, availability, use and maintenance of the fixed assets of industrial production. The information is considered in the article concerning the fixed assets of the Russian industry from the middle of the 20th century to the present, which was obtained according to the statistical data from the official sources of the Central Statistical Office of the USSR and the RSFSR, the State Statistics Committee of Russia, Rosstat, and Rostechnadzor. Despite the stabilization of the asset renewal, in the last 15 years there is a tendency to accelerate the depreciation of fixed assets at hazardous production facilities. With an average renewal rate of 6% per year achieved over the past decade, the fixed assets of industry, including buildings, machinery, and equipment, should work for almost 17 years until they are replaced. In general, over the thirty years of post-Soviet reforms, underinvestment in the fixed capital of the Russian industry amounted to more than 98 trillion rubles, or 24.7 thousand tons of gold, which is more than 10 times the country gold reserve in 2023. Almost half of the «residual resource» was exhausted from the industrial material and technical funds. The current volume of the market for industrial safety expertise of technical devices is sharply incomparable with the scale of the task effectively solved by the economic management on underinvestment in fixed assets in industry of more than 1.5 trillion US dollars for the period from 1991 to 2022. Imported economic management was unable to ensure long-term conservation of the material and technical base of the Russian industry. On average, up to 70% of the equipment used at hazardous production facilities worked out the standard service life. Degree of the depreciation of fixed assets of the fuel industry in Russia in the early twenties exceeded the average industrial level by almost 7 percentage points, while in 2015–2021 the share of completely worn-out facilities in the extractive industry increased by 7.3 percentage points. The functions of supervision over the safe reproduction of industrial fixed assets must be responsibly transferred to the sovereign structures of risk-oriented ensuring of industrial safety in Russia.

Актуальные проблемы страхования опасных производственных объектов нефтегазовой отрасли России

The article deals with the issues of insurance of hazardous production facilities in the oil and gas industry. According to the legislation of the Russian Federation, insurance payments are provided only in case of harm to life or health of people, while the risks of environmental damage are not necessarily insured. The analysis is given related to the practice of insurance activities of hazardous production facilities in other countries. Various types of insured risks, mechanisms for determining insurance premiums, insurance algorithms and other features of this type of insurance are considered. It is noted that foreign insurance companies have a more developed methodology and are accompanied by more substantial state support. Based on the conducted analysis, a conclusion was made about the need to reorganize the insurance system for hazardous production facilities. This will allow in the future to improve the system of industrial safety expertise. The updated insurance system may include an expanded list of insured risks, more accurate methods for determining insurance premiums, and more efficient insurance algorithms. The conclusion made about the need for state support in this area, comparable to that used by the foreign insurance companies, is also important. The result of such changes will be a more efficient insurance system for hazardous production facilities, which will improve industrial safety and the level of environmental protection.

Элементы визуализации при обследовании опасных производственных объектов с использованием беспилотного летательного аппарата

The paper considers the possibility of using visualization when preparing a task for frontal surface examination of hazardous industrial facilities using unmanned aerial vehicles. The research is based on the results of an experimental survey of buildings and structures of a large metallurgical enterprise in Russia. As initial data, photographs of buildings and structures obtained using a camera of an unmanned aerial vehicle and their drawings were used. When building a 3D model, the capabilities of Autodesk AutoCAD and Autodesk Revit were used. When building a 2D information model, a combination of a 3D model and a photograph of the object was used. The resulting 3D and 2D models are included in the structure of the flight chart as part of an applied digital platform in an automated decision-making system for expert assessment of the technical condition compliance of a hazardous production facility with regulatory requirements. Violation of regulatory requirements entails the occurrence of emergencies and incidents at an industrial enterprise. Visualization elements allow increasing the reliability of information entering the database of expert information.

Правовые аспекты обеспечения прав титульного владельца газопровода при выполнении работ на чужих земельных участках

This article is dedicated to a complex study of the issues of protection of rights of title gas pipeline holders (gas pipeline owners and gas pipeline operating companies) in performance of engineering works on gas transmission network sections located within the boundaries of land plots owned by others. Considering the special nature of a gas transmission network as a source of increased danger and a hazardous industrial facility, the author believes that one of the priority areas of gas pipeline operation is regular diagnostics and maintenance as well as in-process current (emergency) repair performed to avoid any breakdowns of the normal operation mode of the gas transmission network and causing of damage to lives, health and property of third parties. Taking into account these circumstances and the specifics of legal regulation of gas pipeline operation, the author of the article singles out the legal problem that lies in the ambiguity of approaches to the solution of the issue of provision of the title gas pipeline holder with access to the operated section of the gas transmission network if such facility is located within the boundaries of a land plot not owned by the gas pipeline holder. In order to solve this problem, the author performs a systemic analysis of the applicable laws of the Russian Federation and the legislative practice of some foreign countries and singles out three key concepts of provision of access to a gas pipeline located at a land plot owned by another person; such concepts include an opportunity to establish private or public easement and imperative proclamation of the unconditional right of the gas pipeline holder to unrestricted access to any section of the operated gas transmission network irrespective of the ownership of land plots such sites are located at. The author gives a systemic evaluation of each of the mentioned conceptual approaches; based on such evaluation, the author brings forward recommendations for improvement of the applicable laws to comply with the proclaimed principle of ensuring energy security of the Russian Federation.

Robotics applied in the module for fabrication and refabrication of dense mixed uranium-plutonium fuel of the pilot demonstration energy complex of «SCP» JSC. Decommissioning of nuclear and radiation hazardous facilities as a driver of Russia’s and world robotics markets

The article is devoted to the topic of great current interest that is the issue of using robots in the nuclear industry, in particular, in the module for fabrication and refabrication (MFR) of dense mixed uranium-plutonium fuel of the Pilot Demonstration Energy Complex (PDEC) of “SCP” JSC. The author attributes this to the danger or impossibility of direct participation of a person in some operations associated with adverse effects of high radiation burden and toxicity on the human body. Therefore, the author emphasizes the need to use technologies for indirect control of a number of processes or their automation, partial or complete. Particular attention is paid to the fact that robots are not introduced into existing production lines, but the robotic fabrication of fuel is implemented from the very outset, i.e. at the design stage. The author predicts that one of the benefits gained from the employment of robots will be the ability to ensure product quality at a more stable level. The article clarifies that, at the MFR, robotic manipula-tors, automated guided carts (AGC), and transfer carts will be used in the principal process in operations con-cerned with the fabrication of fuel assemblies, when handling radioactive waste, and in automated transport sys-tem lines. The growing need to solve the problems of decommissioning of nuclear energy facilities (NEF) requires new approaches to their implementation, including the minimization of human work directly in conditions of in-creased radiation background. As such an approach, it is suggested to use modern robotic technologies that make it possible to efficiently resolve problems at all stages of decommissioning of nuclear energy facilities, thereby adopting a comprehensive problem-solving approach and laying the groundwork for the future. The introduction of robotic complexes within the framework of the federal project not only has practical value for the NEF decommis-sioning in terms of resource efficiency, cost optimization and speed of project work, but also enables the imple-mentation of Russia’s strategic tasks in the social and economic spheres.

Chronicles of security risk assessment in process industries: Past, present and future perspectives

Security incidents around the world causes enormous loss in terms of life, economy, and environment. The 9/11 ′triggered the serious onset of research initiatives in the field of security with a more specific focus on the protection of high sensitive and hazardous facilities. It is well known that technology is advancing in a very rapid phase, proportionally increasing the security risk of the facilities. Conventional deterministic risk techniques widely found their applications in the earlier stage but owing to the increasing dynamic nature of the security risk, probabilistic dynamic risk assessment models were developed over time. In this article, the authors attempted to present the evolution of security risk concepts, their present status, and their future scope in a precise and consolidated form. The last 20 years of development in the security risk assessment concept involving deterministic and dynamic risk assessment models and applications in security risk assessment relevant to physical security are discussed in this article. The objective of the article is to outline the past, current and future directions of security risk highlighting their strength, weakness and limitations.

IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF RESPONSE TO GAS, OIL AND WATER SHOWS AND OPEN FOUNTAINS BY CREATING A VIDEO SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM FOR GAS WELL WORKOVER

The oil and gas industry is one of the most important branches of the national economy. It differs from other branches of the fuel and energy complex in high capital investments and long construction and operation periods. One of the main tasks in gas industry enterprise management is the most efficient use of capital investments, which requires the adoption of informed decisions in oil and gas asset management. Gas industry enterprises include a large number of hazardous production facilities, accidents and incidents at which are the most dangerous for both personnel and population in general, as well as for the industry companies themselves. Emergencies at facilities can lead to financial and reputational losses, as well as damage the health and life of people and the environment. Therefore, the issue of planning measures for prevention, as well as localization and elimination of the accident consequences, is considered one of the priorities.The presence of video surveillance at production facilities is an integral part of an integrated security system. High-quality video surveillance helps to identify deviations in automated processes in a timely manner and take measures to eliminate failures and violations. Timely and rapid response to emergency situations prevents the occurrence of an accident, as well as prevents socio-economic damage.The authors have conducted many studies in the sphere of analysis of the organization of localization and liquidation of emergency situations and the effectiveness of personnel response in emergency situations at hazardous production facilities. Besides, studies of video surveillance systems in Gazprom UGS LLC branches – Departments of Emergency Recovery and Well Overhaul – have been conducted. Gazprom UGS LLC is the only operator of 23 underground gas storage facilities on the territory of the Russian Federation. Most of the Company's production facilities are located at a considerable distance from settlements and other infrastructure facilities, which increases the response time to emergency situations, and as a result, may lead to an emergency situation. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly control and monitor the integrity of the system. The authors have made conclusions about the need to improve existing video surveillance systems and expand their use at other branches of the Company.

ПРОМЫШЛЕННАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ ПРИ ТЕХНИЧЕСКОМ ПЕРЕВООРУЖЕНИИ ОПАСНОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННОГО ОБЪЕКТА НА ПРИМЕРЕ ЛИТЕЙНОГО ЦЕХА

When the question of re-equipment of a hazardous production facility is raised, it must first be understood that it should be carried out in the light of the Federal Law on Industrial Safety. Modern enterprises are often equipped with a large number of dangerous equipment, which implies the presence of dangerous technological processes. Other enterprises may use hazardous substances in their production. Unfortunately, such production facilities can pose a danger for their employees and for the entire environment, and therefore for the population living in the danger zone. In addition, the more our industry develops, the more urgent the question of the analysis of such threats becomes. The greatest danger in this case is represented by large technological enterprises, since the more complex the internal production processes, the higher the probability of a disaster or accident. The article presents the results of the examination of the industrial safety of JSC Soyuzhydraulica during the technical re-equipment of the facility. Due to the production necessity, the company is carrying out technical re-equipment, within the framework of which the LK IMPRESS-III casting machine weighing 26 tons is being installed. During the examination, the foundation for the new equipment is developed with the help of the LIRA software package. Recommendations are given on its installation and operating conditions.

MODELING AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF MECHANICAL STRESSES AND DAMAGE OF METAL OF OIL AND GAS EQUIPMENT ON THE PARAMETERS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC-ACOUSTIC CONVERSION

During operation, oil and gas equipment has a wide range of influences, under the influence of which damage accumulates, which transforms into microcracks. Develops the development of microcracks over time can become the destruction of equipment. As established by numerous studies, defects in the structure of the metal originate and develop in the areas of concentration of mechanical inclusions. To prevent the occurrence of emergencies arising from the destruction of equipment, it is necessary to identify zones of increased mechanical detection of diseases and in pathological zones of change control in exceptional cases to detect defects at the very stage of their development. Currently, in the zone of probable concentrations, mechanical quantities are calculated by calculation, and in this case, metal is monitored by non-destructive methods. A very urgent problem in the field of industrial safety of hazardous industries is the creation of detection methods and means for detecting damage to the metal structure in a sharply deformed state. A promising direction for solving this problem is the development of high-performance methods for non-destructive testing of equipment and diagnostics of hazardous production facilities based on the collection of the electromagnetic-acoustic effect (EMA), which make it possible to control the sharply deformed state of equipment and detect metal damage at the structure level. But the current emergence of non-destructive and diagnostic reports based on the EMA effect does not matter for solving problems with sensitivity and informative control. The purpose of this article is to develop an information-measuring complex for studying changes in the acoustic and electrophysical properties of metals in changing their sharply deformed state and damage to the structure. Based on the application of the application of measurement analysis for acoustic and electrophysical studies of the properties of metals and an information-measuring complex. The research results are used to study methods for detecting and processing information intended for EMA parameters, to search for the sensitivity and information content of non-destructive testing and diagnostic tools.

Development of a novel Passive Fire Protection system – Humidur Char

Passive Fire Protection (PFP) is a key risk reduction measure used to protect people on hazardous facilities by maintaining structural integrity in the event of a fire scenario. Epoxy intumescent PFP products currently available in industry, have high-cost surface preparation requirements, need specialist craft labour and are multi-coat systems. With PFP refurbishment projects planned for major offshore and onshore facilities, Woodside Technology embarked on a program to develop a new PFP with the following attributes: single coat, simple and versatile application; reduced surface preparation; and comply with all relevant fire and corrosion testing criteria. Woodside engaged Acotec NV, Belgium to develop a new PFP which incorporated the proven surface-tolerant and corrosion-resistance properties of Humidur FP. Throughout 2019, over 100 candidate formulations were tested for strength, intumescent and thermal insulation properties with the highest performing product being selected for fire and corrosion testing. A comprehensive international test program was completed and the new PFP, Humidur Char, is now available. It has been third-party certified by DNV as meeting all performance requirements of the latest international fire test standards and design verification reports are in place for all heritage Woodside assets. Third-party verified NORMS have been developed to compare application of Humidur Char with an equivalent epoxy PFP system widely used in the industry and showed that Humidur Char could be applied up to 5 times faster. Feedback from the offshore refurbishment program confirms the use of Humidur Char has resulted in a 30% reduction in execution hours when compared to the previously used product. Similar significant cost reductions are expected for the onshore PFP program.

On the conceptual project of an environmental management system at a pharmaceutical biotechnology enterprise

In our opinion, the ability to prevent or avoid negative impact on the environment by pharmaceutical industry organizations in normal situations fully depends on the environmental management system of the quality management system of the production enterprise. During the work, according to the set goals and objectives, an analysis of the accounting and reporting documentation of pharmaceutical manufacturers was carried out based on environmental international and domestic regulatory acts and documents in the paradigm of sustainable development. We have proposed a Conceptual project of an environmental management system in the form of a block diagram of nature conservation documentation for category II hazardous waste facilities of pharmaceutical biotechnology enterprises. Individual documents and document templates were developed in such a way as to cover the most common accounting and reporting documents filled out by a pharmaceutical industry production enterprise based on principles of social responsibility in environmental protection. It is necessary to note the relevance of introducing and balancing non-financial and financial reporting in the quality management system of pharmaceutical production enterprises, taking into account their social responsibility and personnel work. The results obtained can be used in the quality management system of pharmaceutical industry organizations - drug manufacturing enterprises using biological and chemical technologies when implementing projects during the development of nature conservation documentation for environmental management system projects with the aim of developing a project for social responsibility and non-financial reporting, not just for public joint-stock companies.

Причины разрушения технологического моста

The paper considers the conditions and causes that led to an accident during the construction of a bridge crossing over the Volga on support № 4. For the construction of the pile foundation of the main supports, a SENNEBOGEN 7700 erection crane was used, installed on an auxiliary technological bridge. The accident occurred on 06.12.2020. The SENNEBOGEN 7700 crane fell from the technological bridge into the water when moving a diesel hammer with a cage weighing 61 tons to the storage site. Analysis of the accident recording of the external surveillance camera, the results of the diving survey and the information decoded from the parameter recorder allow to conclude that the crane was lifting a load less than the maximum load capacity according to the project. The parameter recorder before the time of the accident showed that there was no overload. The accident was caused by the destruction of one of the ceiling beams on which the crane was located. This beam was found destroyed at the bottom of the river. To determine the reasons for the destruction of the beam, the expert organization EDO Research Center LLC conducted an expert examination of the support beams BO1. To do this, the destroyed elements of the bridge were raised from the bottom of the river, and the studies of the metal of the beam, welds, and the entire structure were carried out. A full analysis of the design and working documentation, according to which the beams were made, was carried out. The article analyzes the reasons that led to the destruction of the beam, and provides recommendations for the designers, manufacturers and enterprises operating technical devices at the hazardous production facilities. The organization-customer of such structures should entrust their manufacture only to the specialized organizations. The manufacturing organization is obliged to prepare a passport with a serial number, instructions for installation and operation, documents confirming the performance of the designated type and scope of non-destructive testing of welds, provide the design with a marking plate, and apply personal marks of welders to the welds. The operating organization, in case of doubt as to the quality of the manufacture of the product, should not use such structures in the construction of especially hazardous facilities.

Особенности экологической и безопасной ликвидации вертикальных выработок шахт Прокопьевско-Киселевского угольного района Кузбасса

Liquidation of the vertical shafts at hazardous production facilities — mines closed by dry or wet methods, in standard situations does not present any particular difficulties. The most complex, but environmentally friendly in technical and technological terms is the development and implementation of the combined method for the liquidation of hazardous mines of the Prokopyevsko-Kiselevsky coal district of Kuzbass with the depleted space of spent powerful coal seams opened by vertical shafts. This is related to the fact that these mines have, as a rule, common boundaries of mountain allotments and either a direct hydraulic or hydrogeological connection. It is established that the mines of the Prokopyevsko-Kiselevsky coal district form two hydraulically connected groups of mines: northern and southern. When they are closed and flooded, there is a flow of groundwater from one depleted space of the mine to another — neighboring, with the danger of water leaving at the lowest point on the earth surface. The combined method provides for flooding of the liquidated mines to a certain level, the level of which is regulated by installation in one of the vertical shafts of submersible pumps. After establishing the fact of complete flow of water and stabilization of the depression funnel, the dewatering complex is dismantled and the trunk, in which it was mounted, is eliminated. On the example of the Ziminka mine and the mine named after K.E. Voroshilov, the technical solutions, and the technological schemes for the safe liquidation of vertical shafts of pits and wells are shown. Liquidation is carried out by backfilling with non-combustible material with the preliminary erection of water-resistant insulating jumpers in the horizontal workings, and the installation of floor shelves in the long part and mouth.