Assessment of Environmental Risk from Radioactive Pollution of the Environment

Abstract

T e article presents a methodology for assessing the risk of radioactive contamination of the environment according to the data of radiation monitoring. T e methodology is based on the indicators of radiation exposure and control levels of radionuclides in environmental components, the non-exceeding of which ensures the safety of natural environment. T e risk assessment methodology uses three indicators: an environmental risk index, based on radiation dose rates to reference biota; an integral indicator of pollution of the territory; a generalized risk indicator, estimated in scores, considering both the area and time dynamics of pollution. Examples of methodology application are given, presenting risk assessment for Chernobyl contaminated territories, also risk assessment for radiation hazardous facilities. T e proposed risk assessment procedure can be used to analyzing and interpreting information about radiation risks on the territory of the Russian Federation based on radiation monitoring data, taking into account the requirements of environmental protection, assessment of the state and changes in the radiation situation under the inf uence of natural and anthropogenic factors, including radiation facilities. T e methodology produces reliable integral information about radiation impact on the environment and its interpretation based on the concept of environmental risk. T e results of the risk assessment from radioactive pollution of the environment are used in the development and decision-making on the need for environmental protection measures, and also make it possible to rank the factors of radiation exposure and rationally organize monitoring of the radiation situation.