Hazardous Effluents Research Articles

Revolutionizing Waste Management: Solidification of Landfill Leachates Using Alkali-Activated Slag

AbstractLandfill leachate is a highly hazardous effluent characterized by a high concentration of recalcitrant pollutants, presenting a significant environmental challenge. This study investigated the solidification of landfill leachate contaminants using sodium hydroxide-activated Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GBFS). The stability of the resulting geopolymer was evaluated through unconfined compressive strength and leaching tests. Optimal curing conditions were identified as 7 days at a sodium hydroxide concentration of 12 M, achieving an unconfined compressive strength of 45.738 MPa at a liquid-to-solid ratio of 15%. A linear relationship was observed between the liquid-to-solid ratio and flow workability, with maximum flow workability evidenced by an average diameter of 242 mm at a liquid-to-solid ratio of 0.25. However, a minimum liquid-to-solid ratio of 0.15 was necessary to obtain a workable mortar. The produced geopolymers were characterized using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) for mineralogical analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for morphological examination, and the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) for leaching tests. The findings demonstrated the successful solidification of landfill leachate using GBFS geopolymer. The leachability tests revealed that the geopolymer did not release metals in concentrations exceeding the allowable limits set by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), indicating effective encapsulation of the pollutants within the geopolymer matrix. Furthermore, the resultant geopolymer brick is eco-sustainable and can be classified as a green construction material.

Green marvel: Harnessing spinach leaves' power for enhanced photodegradation of various effluents with biogenic ZnO nanoparticles

This study investigates the use of ZnO NPs (Zinc oxide nanoparticles) derived from spinach leaf extracts in a sustainable photocatalytic technology to enhance the decomposition of hazardous effluents from refineries and paper mills. The biosynthesized ZnO NPs were characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The XRD analysis reveals that ZnO NPs possess a hexagonal wurtzite structure, exhibiting a preferred arrangement of (101) planes. The synthesized ZnO NPs have a spherical shape, as seen in the SEM images. TEM analysis detected the size of the ZnO NPs to be between 35 and 40 nm. The results indicate that ZnO NPs produced via biosynthesis have photocatalytic activity in efficiently decomposing the organic chemicals found in gasoline refining effluent when exposed to light. At a pH of 8, the ZnO NPs exhibited the highest rate of degradation for toluene (84.26 %) and xylene (90.36 %) after being exposed to simulated sunlight for 240 min. In the context of the photocatalytic treatment of paper mill effluents, it has been shown that the subsequent cycles resulted in a reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) levels of 81.24 %, 74.14 %, 68.92 %, 60.24 %, and 53.82 %, respectively.

Kinetics of Obtaining Microalgal Biomass and Removal of Organic Contaminants in Photobioreactors Operated with Microalgae—Study Case: Treatment of Wastewater from a Poultry Slaughterhouse

Increases in poultry industry production have resulted in the generation of more hazardous effluents with high nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations. It is necessary to develop more efficient technologies in terms of water purification without the need to increase the volumes of commonly used reactors. This work analyzed the addition of micronutrients (Mo, Zn, Cu, and Mn) for the cultivation of the microalgae Chlorella spp. and Spirulina maxima in poultry wastewater. The effects of micronutrients on the production of biomass and algal cells were also assessed. For the Chlorella species, removal efficiencies of up to 99.14% for COD and 99.33% for nitrogen were achieved; for the Spirulina strain, these efficiencies were 98% for COD and 99% for nitrogen. The modified Gompertz equation was used to analyze the kinetic parameters. For both microalgae, the R2 values were greater than 98%. The results indicated that the dose with the highest algal cell generation rate was dose 2 for Chlorella spp., at 4.35 days, and dose 1 for Spirulina maxima, at 6.26 days. Microalgae are biological alternatives suitable for wastewater treatment, and their pollutant removal efficiency can increase with the addition of micronutrients, which has additional benefits for the production of valuable biomasses for industrial applications.

Exploring laccase: a sustainable enzymatic solution for the paper recycling domain.

The global advocacy of resource conservation and waste management emphasizes the significance of sustainable practices, particularly in sectors such as paper manufacturing and recycling. Currently, conventional chemical methods are predominant for paper production, necessitating the use of substantial amount of toxic chemicals. This chemical-intensive approach compromises the recycled fiber quality, generates hazardous effluent causing serious ecological threats which triggers regulatory complexities for the mills. To address these challenges modern research suggests adopting sustainable eco-friendly practices such as employing enzymes. This review aims to explore the applicability of 'laccase' enzyme for paper recycling, investigating its properties and contribution to improved recycling practices. By delving into the potential application of laccase integration into the papermaking process, this article sheds light on the limitations inherent in traditional methods surmounted within both research and translational landscapes. Culture and process optimization studies, supporting the technological improvements and the future prospects have been documented.

An experimental and prediction modeling study on water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes L.) assisted heavy metals removal from glass industry effluent.

The glass manufacturing industry produces hazardous effluent that is difficult to manage and causes numerous environmental problems when disposed of in the open. In this study, an attempt was made to study the phytoremediation feasibility of water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes L.), a free-floating aquatic macrophyte, for the removal of six heavy metals from glass industry effluent (GIE) at varying concentrations (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%). After a 40-day experiment, the results showed that 25% GIE dilution showed maximum removal of heavy metals i.e., Cu (91.74%), Cr (95.29%), Fe (86.47%), Mn (92.95%), Pb (87.10%), and Zn (91.34%), respectively. The bioaccumulation, translocation, and Pearson correlation studies showed that the amount of heavy metals absorbed by vegetative parts of P. stratiotes was significantly correlated with concentrations. The highest biomass production, chlorophyll content, relative growth rate, and biomass productivity were also noted in the 25% GIE treatment. Moreover, the multiple linear regression models developed for the prediction of heavy metal uptake by P. stratiotes also showed good performance in determining the impact of GIE properties. The models showed a high coefficient of determination (R2 > 0.99), low mean average normalizing error (MANE = 0.01), and high model efficiency (ME > 0.99) supporting the robustness of the developed equations. This study outlined an efficient method for the biological treatment of GIE using P. stratiotes to reduce risks associated with its unsafe disposal.

Recent advances in eco-friendly technology for decontamination of pulp and paper mill industrial effluent: a review.

The economic development of a country directly depends upon industries. But this economic development should not be at the cost of our natural environment. A substantial amount of water is spent during paper production, creating water scarcity and generating wastewater. Therefore, the Pollution Control Board classifies this industry into red category. Water is used in different papermaking stages such as debarking, pulping or bleaching, washing, and finishing. The wastewater thus generated contains lignin and xenobiotic compounds such as resin acids, chlorinated lignin, phenols, furans, dioxins, chlorophenols, adsorbable organic halogens (AOX), extractable organic halogens (EOCs), polychlorinated biphenyls, plasticizers, and polychlorinated dibenzodioxins. Nowadays, several microorganisms are used in the detoxification of these hazardous effluents. Researchers have found that microbial degradation is the most promising treatment method to remove high biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from wastewater. Microorganisms also remove AOX toxicity, chlorinated compounds, suspended solids, color, lignin, derivatives, etc. from the pulp and paper mill effluents. But in the current scenario, mill effluents are known to deteriorate the environment and therefore it is highly desirable to deploy advanced technologies for effluent treatment. This review summarizes the eco-friendly advanced treatment technologies for effluents generated from pulp and paper mills.

Layered metal sulfides with MaSbc- framework (M = Sb, In, Sn) as ion exchangers for the removal of Cs(Ⅰ) and Sr(Ⅱ) from radioactive effluents: a review.

Nuclear power has emerged as a pivotal contributor to the global electricity supply owing to its high efficiency and low-carbon characteristics. However, the rapid expansion of the nuclear industry has resulted in the production of a significant amount of hazardous effluents that contain various radionuclides, such as 137Cs and 90Sr. Effectively removing 137Cs and 90Sr from radioactive effluents prior to discharge is a critical challenge. Layered metal sulfides exhibit significant potential as ion exchangers for the efficient uptake of Cs+ and Sr2+ from aqueous solutions owing to their open and exchangeable frameworks and the distinctive properties of their soft S2- ligands. This review provides a detailed account of layered metal sulfides with MaSb c- frameworks (M = Sb, In, Sn), including their synthesis methods, structural characteristics, and Cs+ and Sr2+ removal efficiencies. Furthermore, we highlight the advantages of layered metal sulfides, such as their relatively high ion exchange capacities, broad active pH ranges, and structural stability against acid and radiation, through a comparative evaluation with other conventional ion exchangers. Finally, we discuss the challenges regarding the practical application of layered metal sulfides in radionuclide scavenging.

Assessment of organic pollutants in petroleum refinery wastewater by LC-MS analyzer

The release of toxic and hazardous effluents from petroleum refining companies seriously threatens the poisoning of water bodies. Thus, it is necessary to determine an accurate treatment process by understanding the nature of wastewater. This work uses Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (LCMS), including LC-Tandem MS (LCMS/MS), ion trap (IT), and quadrupole-time-of-flight (Q-TOF) to comprehend the composition of petroleum refinery effluent. Many polar metabolites available, even as a trace fraction, can be found using advanced LCMS with defined molecular structure, which may or may not be itemized in CAS. Based on the number of carbon atoms (C1-C48), chemical reactivity (saturated, unsaturated, and aromatics), and functional group (hydrocarbons containing oxygen only and other minerals along with oxygen), substances are identified. Using LCMS/MS, 170 organic components, 77.10% negative and 22.90% positive metabolites, are quantified. A range of carbon between C8 and C48 is identified as having 6.50% C8-C12, 30% C13-C17, and 63.50% C18-C48. Higher molecular mass hydrocarbons from C22-C48 are less soluble in water and are more positively polarized, while C8-C21 hydrocarbons are more soluble under negative polarity. The principal ingredient is documented as consisting primarily of aromatic chemicals (72.30%), the majority of which are found as harmful metabolites. Further, 83% of the hydrocarbons are acknowledged to contain solely oxygen compared to other minerals in petroleum effluents. Overall, it was concluded that the direct discharge of petroleum refinery effluents without treatment may cause various health and environmental issues.

Experimental and theoretical investigation for shielding efficiency of self-compacted concrete containing lead smelting waste for gamma ray

Lead smelter waste is considered as one of the most hazardous waste that pollute the environment by releasing hazardous effluents, a lot of particle matter, and other different solid wastes. In this research lead smelter waste is used as a concrete additive and fine aggregate constituent in self-compacted concrete casting to be used as a gamma ray shield. Three types of traditionally used coarse aggregate (basalt, crushed dolomite, and gravel) were used in casting normal and high strength self-compacted concrete. The fresh and hardened concrete properties were investigated. The cast samples were tested for 137Cs and 60Co gamma rays with energies 0.662 and 1.25 Mev. The mass attenuation coefficients (µ/ρ) and linear attenuation (µ) were measured and calculated using WinXCom program for gamma rays. The experimental measurements and the used theoretical calculation method were highly compatible. The usage of lead smelter waste in concrete casting improved the concrete gamma rays shielding.

Influence of fuel in the bismuth oxide photocatalytic performance for the degradation of acid blue-25 under visible light

In this work, we prepared bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) nanoparticles with and without fuels (citric acid and urea) using a one-pot solid-state combustion method at 400 °C for visible light photocatalytic degradation of acid blue 25 (AB). The nanoparticle prepared with fuel greatly influences the Bi2O3 properties such as morphology, chemical, structural, and optical properties. Bi2O3 prepared with citric acid as fuel act as an effective photocatalyst for the breakdown of acid blue 25 within 60 min under visible light irradiation. The enhanced photocatalytic property of Bi2O3 is due to the narrow band gap, high crystallinity, flower-like morphology with high active sites, and light stability of the material. Furthermore, an effective photogenerated charge separation, high charge transfer, and lower band gap, improved the absorbing capacity in the visible region of Bi2O3 (1) and enhanced its photocatalytic ability. In the photocatalytic process, the superoxide radicals (O2·) anion played a significant role during the degradation of acid blue 25. The Bi2O3 (1) maintained its effectiveness after three reaction cycles without suffering any appreciable change in structural and functional stability. These findings demonstrated an easy method for treating the hazardous effluents into non-toxic small molecules, which can be potentially applied to purify the various textile effluent.

Environmental Remediation of Real Textile Dyeing Wastewater Under Visible Light and Inactivation of Pathogenic Bacteria Using ZnO/CuO Nano‐Needles

Textile industries have an immense existence in a country's economy. Large quantity of water is consumed by textile dyeing industries and produces volumes of wastewater. Treating these hazardous effluents to make them environmental friendly, using nanocatalysts is the best promising method. Metal oxide nanomaterials have emerged as an important tool for environmental remediation. Herein the hydrothermally synthesized ecofriendly and low‐cost zinc oxide/copper oxide nanocomposites (ZnO/CuO NCs) with different proportions of binary oxides are evaluated for the applications of degrading organic pollutants and antibacterial activity. The influence of doping is also studied in structural, optical, morphological, photocatalytic, and antibacterial activities. The presence of CuO in NCs affirms the formation of ZnO/CuO NCs. Photodegradation of Congo Red (CR) and real textile dyeing wastewater (TDW) under visible light irradiation by 0.5 M ZnO:0.5 M CuO NCs reveal them to act as a perfect catalyst by tuning doping concentration of Cu in ZnO, with 1.9 × 10−3 and 5.4 × 10−3 M min−1 rate constant. Hybrid nanocomposite materials exhibit high antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with 5 and 6 mm inhibition zone. The experimental characteristics of NCs are explained by a combination of electronic band structure due to size effect and tuning metal oxide proportions in comparison to that of pure metal oxide.

Recent progress in pectin extraction and their applications in developing films and coatings for sustainable food packaging: A review

Perishable foods like fruits and vegetables, meat, fish, and dairy products have short shelf-life that causes significant postharvest losses, which poses a major challenge for food supply chains. Biopolymers have been extensively studied as sustainable alternatives to synthetic plastics, and pectin is one such biopolymer that has been used for packaging and preservation of foods. Pectin is obtained from abundantly available low-cost sources such as agricultural or food processing wastes and by products. This review is a complete account of pectin extraction from agro-wastes, development of pectin-based composite films and coatings, their characterizations, and their applications in food packaging and preservation. Compared to conventional chemical extraction, supercritical water, ultrasound, and microwave assisted extractions are a few examples of modern and more efficient pectin extraction processes that generate almost no hazardous effluents, and thus, such extraction techniques are more environment friendly. Pectin-based films and coatings can be functionalized with natural active agents such as essential oils and other phytochemicals to improve their moisture barrier, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Application of pectin-based active films and coatings effectively improved shelf-life of fresh cut-fruits, vegetables, meat, fish, poultry, milk, and other food perishable products.

Water pollution of the Oued D'Hous River (Algeria) and its potential impact on fauna and flora

Water plays a crucial role in all aspects of our lives, including the economy, food security, production, and politics, making it essential for sustainable development. Surface water pollution, which includes rivers, lakes, and oceans, is a significant environmental concern. Oued D'Hous, located in the Wilaya of Bouira in Algeria, is the subject of our research, which examines its hydrochemical pollution resulting from the discharge of domestic, industrial, and agricultural wastewater from the city. The evaluation of the physicochemical parameters reveals that the existing pollutant levels in Oued D'Hous have significantly increased, leading to a high degree of toxicity that threatens the area's flora and fauna. This pollution also limits the use of this resource by humans. We call upon the competent authorities to promptly limit the discharge of these hazardous effluents into Oued D'Hous to prevent further water contamination and reduce the risk of adverse health effects on the public, including those who use the wells located in the vicinity. In conclusion, immediate measures are necessary to mitigate the severe pollution of Oued D'Hous, and we urge the authorities to take action to address this pressing environmental concern.

Treatment of real tannery wastewater using facile synthesized magnesium oxide nanoparticles: Experimental results and geochemical modeling

Tannery wastewater (TWW) is a toxic and hazardous effluent that causes great harm to receiving ecosystems if released untreated. Here, magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO-NPs), synthesized from low-cost and readily available magnesite, were used for the treatment of real TWW under batch laboratory conditions. The optimum treatment conditions were 90 min contact time and 10 g MgO-NPs dosage per L of real TWW, under ambient pH and temperature. Results were underpinned by state-of-the-art analytical techniques, including ICP-OES, XRD, XRF, and FIB/EDS-SEM, along with geochemical modelling (PHREEQC). The removal efficiency for the main contaminants that are typically found in TWW was, from higher to lower score, Fe ≥ U ≥ Cr ≥ Mn ≥ Al ≥ Sb ≥ Cu ≥ Ni ≥ TOC ≥ COD≥ SO42−. The removal percentages for these contaminants were ≥99%, aside from Ni (97%), TOC (71%), COD (69%) and particularly SO42− (21%). The underlying mechanism for contaminants removal is linked to the scavenging of metals by the MgO-NPs, forming complexes, in combination with alkalinity addition (through MgO dissolution) that lead to contaminants precipitation. The PHREEQC geochemical model confirmed the existence of divalent, trivalent, oxyanions, and multivalent chemical species in MgO-NPs/TWW solution, including complexes. Contaminants attenuation was achieved through precipitation, co-precipitation, adsorption, and co-adsorption, while these were removed as hydroxides, sulfides, carbonates, oxide, and oxyhydrosulfates. Overall, results highlight the great potential of MgO-NPs for the sustainable management of real TWW.

Preparation of visible light-WO3/g-C3N4/PANI photocatalyst onto glass and their photocatalytic properties

Wastewater from palm oil industry mostly contains hazardous effluent like palm oil mill effluent (POME) and photocatalytic technology is one of the most effective ways for the degradation of harmful organic pollutants. Nevertheless, the effects of suspended photocatalysts obviously would dwindle the photocatalytic performances. The immobilization of photocatalyst as a newest innovation has received significant attention due to its great potential in terms of recycling, economic, physical–chemical properties, and technological aspects. This paper reports the synthesis of novel WO3/g-C3N4/PANI glass as a retrievable visible-light photocatalyst by simple soft-templating and calcination followed by spin coating with different speed and duration coating. The functional group of O-W-O stretching vibration, hydrophilicity of the immobilized WO3/g-C3N4/PANI glass indicated the presence of WO3/g-C3N4/PANI onto glass was succesfully. The optimum parameters obtained were at a speed of 30 s and duration spinning of 1000 rpm due to the presence of more active sites. In particular, immobilized WO3/g-C3N4/PANI glass showed a good photocatalytic activity in term of decolorization and degradation studies about 25 % and 53 %, respectively, after 7 h under visible light irradiation and energy storage scheme. The results signify possible applications of immobilized WO3/g-C3N4/PANI glass in visible-light-driven and energy-storage-mechanism for a cost-effective treatment of wastewater.

Adsorption profile of anionic and cationic dyes through Fe3O4 embedded oxidized Sterculia gum/Gelatin hybrid gel matrix

Hazardous effluents from textile industries being major contributors of water pollution and impose potential adverse effects on environment. In present study, Fe3O4 embedded oxidized Sterculia gum/Gelatin hybrid matrix have been fabricated and evaluated for enrichment of methyl orange (MO) and methylene blue (MB). Newly synthesized matrix was characterized through powdered XRD, FTIR, FESEM, TEM and TGA. Integrated nanoparticles improved dye enrichment and facilitated removal of matrix from the aqueous solution under the influence of magnetic field. Influence of various reaction parameters viz.: contact time, adsorbent dose, initial dye concentration, temperature & pH of the adsorption medium on dye enrichment have been evaluated. Maximum adsorption (90 % and 88 % for MO and MB respectively) has been achieved. Langmuir, Freundlich and Tempkin adsorption isotherms have been evaluated. Experimental results validate well fitted Freundlich isotherm for MO and Temkin isotherm for MB. Adsorption kinetics has been analyzed through Pseudo first order, second order kinetic and intra particle diffusion models. Adsorption of both dyes was best explained via pseudo second order kinetic model. Negative value of Gibb's free energy change (−26.487 KJ mol −1 and − 24.262 KJ mol −1) for MB and MO at 303 K was an indication of spontaneity of the reaction.

How olive mill wastewater could turn into valuable bionanoparticles in improving germination and soil bacteria

Olive mill wastewater (OMW) is a hazardous effluent due to large quantities of pollutant compounds, such as polyphenols. Land spreading of untreated OMW comes with severe toxicity on agricultural lands. Cleaning up OMW via the extraction of polyphenols was employed as reducing, capping, and stabilizing agents to biosynthesize magnesium sulfide nanoparticles (MgS NPs). Detailed characterization spectroscopy analysis revealed the appearance of peaks at 439, 593, and 667 cm−1 confirming the synthesis of MgS NPs. In addition, XRD showed the characteristic peaks of MgS NPs with an average crystalline size of 86.3 nm. TEM and EDX confirmed the high purity of nanoparticles with irregular spherical shapes. For the first time, the biogenic MgS NPs were investigated in the germination of old pea (Pisum sativum L. var.) and soil bacteria. Results demonstrated positive efficacy in the germination growth promotion of seeds and bacterial growth. Machine learning classifiers suitable for our study were mentioned, and SVC performs showed the best with accuracy and an F1 score of 86 %. Further investigations are required to determine the efficacy of these nanoparticles in agriculture.

Bioremediations analysis using multifactorial porous materials derived from tea residue

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are becoming more and more renowned as biocompatible nanomaterials with diverse biological functions. In the present study, the aqueous extract of tea residue (tea filtered waste powder) was used to synthesize the TiO2 NPs and treated for effluent bioremediations. Maximum absorption in the UV–Vis spectrum of the TiO2 NPs was seen at 358 nm, and the XRD pattern reveals peaks at 2 h values of 25.78, 38.24, 47.98, 54.76, 55.32, 62.64, 69.05, 70.15, 75.24, and 83.59 that may be indexed to the (101), (004), (200), (105), (211), (204), (116), (220), (215) and (303). The FT-IR spectra of TiO2 NPs showed a peak at 3420, 2925, 1621, 1382, 1098, and 687 cm-1. The spherical form and size were disclosed by FE-SEM analyses, and the EDAX pattern verified the purity of the TiO2 NPs. The average particles size of the TiO2 NPs was 32 nm. The photodegradation of paper mill waste water is significantly deteriorated up to 99.08% for 600 min, but textile waste water is degraded up to 98.06% for the same duration. Furthermore, we reported that TiO2 NPs may rapidly breakdown industrially hazardous effluents when exposed to sunshine. Overall, this new, straightforward, and environmentally beneficial strategy may be of interest to the management of efficient degradation of dye solutions in the polluted regions.

Environmental impact assessment Approach to Dynamic Safety Evaluation : A Liquefied Natural Gas Plant Case Study

Industrial discharges pose global ecological risks. This study investigates Algeria’s GL1K (gas liquification complex of Skikda) plant’s hazardous effluents. The impact assessment evaluates the environmental repercussions of the researched facilities, including the effects on populations and their way of life. Thus, it is possible to stress suggestions to improve facility design to remove or restrict negative effects and to minimize or compensate for the current facility’s unfavorable repercussions. This technique is consistent with establishing and monitoring the industrial plant’s environmental management system. The method utilized to determine impacts in this EIA can be used to evaluate the EMS’s significant aspects and effects and provide improvement options. An evaluation matrix can rate impacts, the grid and criteria are based not regulation but on “good practices” for this type of assessment, and results obtained from modelling the effects using PHAST software. Therefore, they can be modified to fit the facility’s activity. Based on examining activities and identifying elements likely to interact with the environment, environmental aspects are identified using the proposed grid and criteria. This study describes a section-by-section approach. Each determined environmental impact can be graded based on environmental factor criteria.

A censorious review on the role of natural lignocellulosic fiber waste as a low-cost adsorbent for removal of diverse textile industrial pollutants

BackgroundTextile industries produce fabricated colored products using toxic dyes and other harsh chemicals. It is the responsibility of the textile industries to treat and eliminate these hazardous pollutants. However, due to the growing population demand, the treatment of these hazardous effluents is ineffective and imposes the treatment cost over the end users. The release of partially treated effluents in the environment may cause a severe threat to the ecology and its biota. The critical objective is to treat textile effluents efficiently using agricultural natural fiber waste. Generation of agricultural lignocellulosic fibrous waste increases every year due to growing population demand. Its use in the modern world is limited due to synthetic products. An alternative has enumerated to avoid wastage of fibrous resources and its clean disposal. ObjectiveThe main objective of this review paper discussed the feasibility of lignocellulosic fibers and other lignocellulosic materials as natural low-cost adsorbent. MethodsThe literature study was performed using Web of Science and Scopus indexed journals. The main factors considered to increase the adsorption ability, including the types of lignocellulosic surface modification techniques were searched with utmost importance for quality results. Intending to summarize the literature survey and provide persuasive content, systematic review process was considered for this novel article. ResultsOut of 230 valuable publications, 159 published articles were considered for the present study until March 2022. The articles surplus with factors affecting adsorption (pH, adsorption dosage, surface area, temperature, initial concentration, contact time, physical and chemical properties of pollutants) and surface modification techniques (physical, chemical, and biological) were considered for this manuscript. ConclusionOverall, the physical and chemical modification methods are widely used instead of biological methods due to various factors as discussed briefly. Furthermore, the finding of this article supports the fact that the fibrous by-product resources are wasted in various occasions due to the modern lifestyle. Even though there is evidential possibility to implement the low-cost adsorbents, the industries limit their application prospects due to existing technology and financial compromises.