Hardiness Scale Research Articles

Relationships Between Life Satisfaction, Psychological Hardiness, Virtual Environment Loneliness and Sociodemographic Variables of Nursing Students During COVID-19

Objective: This study aims to evaluate nursing students' levels of life satisfaction, resilience, and virtual environment loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic and to examine the relationships between them and sociodemographic variables. Material and Method: It is a descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational research. It was conducted with 321 students studying at the Department of Nursing of the Faculty of Health Sciences. The data were evaluated using the information form, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, Psychological Hardiness Scale, and Virtual Environment Loneliness Scale. Frequency, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, and correlation analysis were used in the analysis of the data. Results: The mean total score of the nursing students was 13.520 ± 4.348 on the Satisfaction with Life Scale, 38.498 ± 7.353 on the Psychological Hardiness Scale, and 46.467 ± 9.100 on the Virtual Environment Loneliness Scale. There was a moderate negative correlation between the Satisfaction with Life Scale and Virtual Environment Loneliness Scale (r = -0.412), a moderate positive correlation between the Satisfaction with Life Scale and Psychological Hardiness Scale (r = 0.412), and a weak positive correlation between Psychological Hardiness Scale and Virtual Environment Loneliness Scale (r = 0.331). Conclusion: According to the results of the study, it was determined that there is a relationship between nursing students' life satisfaction, psychological resilience and virtual environment loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic process.

Final year student academic stress: What is the role of hardiness?

Purpose: The pressure and demands experienced by students are one of the causes of academic stress. This often happens to final year students. Individuals who have a good strong personality (hardiness) will help individuals manage and not give in to the negative impacts of stress. This research aims to determine the relationship between hardiness and academic stress. Method: This type of research is quantitative research, researchers use an academic stress scale and a hardiness scale. The sampling technique uses non-probability sampling with accidental sampling technique. The samples in this study were active male and female students, students from state and private universities, currently working on their final assignment (thesis), with complete parents, one father/mother or adoptive parents. The data analysis technique in this research uses product moment to test the hypothesis, Product moment analysis is used to find the relationship between hardiness and academic stress. Result: The research results show that there is a relationship between hardiness and academic stress in final year students with r: -714 (p<0.000). the effective contribution made by hardiness to academic stress is 51%, the remaining 49% is influenced by other factors. The implication of this research is that final year students can continue to maintain a strong personality so as to avoid high academic stress. Conclusion: The higher the Hardiness, the lower the level of academic stress in final year students.

The Relationship Between Teacher Efficacy and Hardiness in Inclusive School Teachers at the Foundation of Inspiring Learners in Bukittinggi City

Teachers in inclusive schools have diverse and complex responsibilities, necessitating a high level of hardiness to cope with pressure and stress. Teacher efficacy is a crucial factor that helps them face these challenges. This study aims to determine the relationship between teacher efficacy and hardiness among teachers in inclusive schools at the Yayasan Inspirasi Pembelajar in Bukittinggi. This research employs a quantitative method with a correlational approach. The analysis technique used is Pearson Product Moment. The sample consists of all teachers in inclusive schools at the Yayasan Inspirasi Pembelajar in Bukittinggi, totaling 54 individuals, obtained through total population sampling. Data collection was conducted using the Teacher Sense of Efficacy Scale and the Dispositional Resilience Scale: A Short Hardiness Scale. The results indicate a significant relationship between teacher efficacy and hardiness among inclusive school teachers. The correlation analysis shows a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.322 with a significance value (p) of 0.018 (p < 0.05). This means that the higher the level of teacher efficacy, the higher the level of hardiness they possess. These findings suggest that enhancing teacher efficacy can contribute to increasing teacher hardiness, helping them manage stress in inclusive school teaching. Therefore, it is crucial for educational institutions to provide training and support to improve teacher efficacy and thus strengthen teacher resilience.

Psychological hardiness as a mediator variable between workplace bullying and job anxiety among early childhood teachers: implications for healthcare

PurposeEarly childhood teachers play a significant role in building children’s success in their first years of school. Therefore, a healthy early childhood workforce in a healthy working environment is an essential aspect of effective early childhood services. This paper aims to explore the extent to which psychological hardiness can be considered as a mediator variable between exposure to workplace bullying and job anxiety among early childhood teachers.Design/methodology/approachA homogeneous sample comprised of 200 early childhood teachers. For data collection, the researcher used the workplace bullying scale, the psychological hardiness scale and the job anxiety scale among early childhood teachers (prepared by the researcher).FindingsThe findings indicated that psychological hardiness mediates the relationship between exposure to workplace bullying and job anxiety among early childhood teachers.Originality/valueThe research result highlighted the necessity of providing counseling programs for early childhood teachers helping them eliminate work stress that affects their job performance. In addition, the kindergarten administration must concentrate on how to effectively communicate and cooperate with early childhood teachers in light of regulations, policies and laws to defeat the spread of workplace bullying. The results of this research contributed to the existing literature by examining the relationship between the research variables, particularly in the early childhood education context.

Melatih Academic Hardiness Melalui Petualangan: Dampak Adventure Based Counseling pada Siswa

The learning problem of students who are active in various activities makes some students feel less responsive to facing new learning or activities to support the continuity of the learning process. The point that researchers see is the phenomenon of low academic hardiness in students. The aim of this research is to determine the impact of the Adventure Based Counseling (ABC) technical group counseling service to increase students' academic hardiness. The research method used was pre-experimental design with a one group pretest-posttest design model. The research subjects were 6 students using purposive sampling with existing criteria for subjects ranging from a low score of 28-56. This research uses the academic hardiness scale instrument. Data analysis used the Wilxocon test with a normality test and homogeneity test carried out first. Result of thi research is there is a difference in the pretest score and posttest score so it can be concluded that advnture based counseling technique group counseling services are effective in increasing students' academic hardiness

Predictors of Patience in Islamic Psychology: An Evidence from Indonesia

This study explores the conceptual gap regarding patience between Western psychology and Islam, and aims to identify the factors that influence patience in the context of Islamic psychology. Academic hardiness, self-control, resilience, grit, and self-acceptance influence the level of patience in the context of Islamic psychology are the hypotheses. This study employs a quantitative research design involving 213 Muslim students from the Universitas Islam Riau. Data collection was carried out using Patience in Islamic Psychology Scale, Oviedo Grit Scale, Revised Academic Hardiness Scale, Self Control Scale, Adolescent Resilience Scale and Berger's Self-Acceptance Scale. Data analyzed using the SmartPLS 3.0 M3 program. The results of the study indicate that academic hardiness, self-control, resilience, and self-acceptance significantly affect the level of patience in the context of Islamic psychology. Interestingly, the findings reveal that grit has a significant negative impact on patience in Islamic Psychology. Success in the theory of grit (Western psychology ) is defined as achieving desired goals, while success in Islamic psychology is defined as striving within the permissible boundaries. However, in the event of failure, it is important not to lose hope and to remember the blessings bestowed by Allah that have been received.

Correlation between Hardiness and Optimism on Government Employees with Work Agreement (PPPK)

This research was aimed to find correlation between hardiness and optimism on Government Employees with Work Agreement. The hypothesis which is proposed in this research is “a positive correlation between hardiness and optimism on Government Employees with Work Agreement”. There were 122 Government Employees with the Work Agreement in Temanggung district who participated in this research by incidental sampling process. The measurement tools used were optimism scale and hardiness scale were used to find score and relationship between variables which is written in google form. The process to collect data was entirely share the google form link using Whatsapp group. The data analysis technique used is the Pearson product moment correlation. The result showed a correlation coefficient is 0.612 (p > 0,01). Therefore; the hypothesis proposed is accepted, so it is concluded that there a positive relationship between hardiness and optimism in PPPK. The results of this study led to suggestions for the government to provide basic leadership training on hardiness to PPPK before starting the working period. Meanwhile, suggestions for future researchers are to use social support variables to find out whether these variables also contribute to influencing optimism in PPPK.

The Contribution of Psychological Well-Being to Academic Hardiness: A Study on “Mahasantri”

"Mahasantri" is a term for students who live in boarding schools. Mahasantri has a dual role as a college and boarding school student. This dual role is more challenging than students in general. Students need academic hardiness so that both roles can be achieved well. Psychological well-being is needed to spur academic hardiness, control the environment, and think positively when facing challenges. This study aimed to analyze the contribution of Psychological Well-being to the Academic Hardiness of Mahasantri. The research method used is quantitative correlation. The participants used were 35 mahasantri in Ponpes Luqman AL-Hakim Semarang, Indonesia. The instruments used in the study were adaptations of Riff's psychological well-being scale and Creed's academic hardiness scale—data analysis techniques using simple linear regression tests. The results showed that the r-square value = .601 means that psychological well-being influences 60.1% of academic hardiness mahasantri.

Hubungan Career Adaptability dengan Hardiness Mahasiswa Tingkat Akhir Kependidikan Universitas Negeri Padang

This research aims to determine the relationship between career adaptability and hardiness of final year education students at Padang State University. This study uses quantitative methods with a correlational quantitative method design. Data collection techniques using proportionated stratified random sampling. The sample in this study amounted to 375 respondents. This research instrument uses The Career Adapt-Abilities Scale Indonesian Form scale from Sulistiani et al., (2019) and a hardiness scale based on the theory of Kobasa., et al (1982). The results of the analysis used product moment correlation and found that there was a significant relationship between career adaptability and hardiness of final year education students at Padang State University.

Academic Hardiness Level of Guidance and Counseling Study Program Students Post Covid 19 Pandemic

The purpose of this study is to inform the condition of Academic hardiness of Ahmad Dahlan University Guidance and Counseling Study Program students after the Covid-19 pandemic. Academic hardiness is a personality that is resilient in various obstacles, especially stress. Academic hardiness is a variable that must be possessed by students in order to achieve achievement while studying. The research population is 152 active students for the 2019-2021 academic year. This type of research uses quantitative descriptive. Data were obtained using an academic hardiness scale developed based on Kobasa's theory and Dweck's theory related to academic motivation. The scale developed refers to 3 aspects of academic hardiness namely commitment, challenge, and control. The developed scale was analyzed using the Rach Model. The results of the analysis stated that the 17 items developed contained several notes and needed to be revised. The results showed that the level of student academic hardiness of 89.5% was in the high category, 10.5% was in the medium category, and 0% was in the low category. Based on the research results, it is recommended that further researchers develop a counseling model to develop students' Academic hardiness, especially those who are still in the moderate category.

Psychological Hardiness and Compassion Satisfaction Among the Turkish Red Crescent: The Case of 2023 Kahramanmaras Earthquake.

This study assessed psychological hardiness and compassion satisfaction among the Türk Kızılay (Turkish Red Crescent) personnel and volunteers involved in the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake. Additionally, the relationship between compassion satisfaction and psychological hardiness was also investigated. This cross-sectional study was conducted between March and July 2023. Participants completed an online survey, which included the Sociodemographic Information Form, Psychological Hardiness Scale, and Compassion Satisfaction Scale. The data was analyzed with SPSS version 25 (IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, USA), using a significance level of 95% and p < 0.05. The study involved 400 participants, comprising 84 (21%) personnel and 316 (79%) volunteers. Participants exhibited an average psychological hardiness level of 24.56 ± 7.25 and a compassion satisfaction level of 47.40 ± 17.28. A significant positive correlation was observed between compassion satisfaction and psychological hardiness (r = 0.571; p < 0.001). The results of logistics regression have revealed that the level of psychological hardiness is higher in males compared to females (OR = 1.930, CI = 1.115 - 3.340; P < 0.05) and is also higher in those with high compassion satisfaction compared to those with low compassion satisfaction (OR = 1.386, CI = 1.256 - 1.529; p < 0.001). The findings of this study indicate that individuals involved in disaster response should consider compassion satisfaction as an important tool for enhancing psychological hardiness.

Self-Esteem and Peer Social Support: How Do They Contribute to High School Students' Academic Hardiness?

Several factors, including internal and external factors, often cause academic hardiness in students. This research aims to analyze the influence of student self-esteem as a student's internal factor and peer social support as a student's external factor on students' level of academic hardiness. This research uses a quantitative approach with an ex post facto design. This research was conducted on 350 public high school students in Central Semarang District who were taken using the Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling technique. The instruments used in this research were the self-esteem scale (29 valid items α = .926), the peer social support scale (27 valid items α = .895), and the academic hardiness scale (24 valid items α = .845). The data was analyzed using multiple regression tests and met the classical test. The results show p-value = .000 (p &lt;0.05). The coefficient of determination value shows that self-esteem and social support from peers influence academic hardiness by 44,6%. Meanwhile, some of it is influenced by other variables outside the research. This research impacts guidance and counseling teachers and counselors so they can provide services to increase self-esteem, peer social support, and student academic hardiness.

PERBEDAAN TINGKAT ADAPTABILITAS KARIER SISWA SMK BOARDING SCHOOL DITINJAU DARI JENIS KELAMIN

SMK students are designed to prepare the nation's generation so that after graduating students are better prepared to work and more easily get jobs in accordance with their respective expertise competencies. However, the fact is that in one vocational school with a boarding school system, many female students do not work immediately, unlike male students. Career adaptability is a psychosocial construct that shows that an individual has the readiness and ability to face current or future career development tasks, face educational or work transitions, and face the difficulties and risks experienced. This study aims to determine whether there are differences in the level of career adaptability of vocational boarding school students in terms of gender. The research was conducted at one of the boarding school SMKs in Jonggol. The subjects in this study were 104 students including women and men. Data collection uses a hardiness scale containing 24 Career Adapt-Abilities Scale (CAAS) items. The sampling technique used saturated samples for women and proportional stratified random sampling for men. Data analysis was carried out with the statistical technique of independent sample t-test with the help of SPSS 26.0 for Windows program. The results of data analysis showed that there was no difference in the level of career adaptability of vocational boarding school students in terms of gender (sig&gt; 0.05).

Personal Features and Their Impact on an Individual’s Hardiness

Hardiness characterizes the degree of formation the ability to withstand a stressful situation, maintain internal balance, without reducing the success of activities and is the foundation of personal characteristics. The purpose of the study is to identify personal resources and determine their impact on hardiness. Methods of the research. The following methods were used to identify personal resources and determine their impact on hardiness: Maddi’s Hardiness Scale; Shostrom’s Personal Orientation Inventory; Sheldon’s Self Determination Scale; Crumbaugh Purpose in Life Test; Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Well-being; Wiesbaden Inventory for Positive Psychotherapy and Family Therapy. The sample of our study consisted of 807 people, aged from 14 to 70 years, different in terms of education, professional employment, specialty, family and social status and from different cities and villages of Ukraine. The results of the research. It was investigated that the values of the hardiness indicators components are expressed at an average level and are within the normal range. The average level of hardiness (68.2%) prevails among the respondents. It has been found that the hardiness predictors are meaningfulness of life, autonomy, self-acceptance and self-confidence. We established the relationship between hardiness and personal resources, which include primary and secondary abilities, using the correlation analysis. All components of hardiness have been shown to correlate with primary capacities such as time, contact, trust, hope, sexuality, and love. Diligence, reliability and thrift are influential among the secondary abilities. Conclusions. The analysis of personal resources proves that meaningful life goals are the resource for the hardiness development. The components of hardiness are related to self-determination, self-organization, psychological wellbeing, and the reality and awareness of life goals. The leading role in the hardiness development belongs to personal resources. The resources that influence hardiness are determined using variance analysis: love, contacts, hope and trust.

Social Support as a Moderator of Self Efficacy and Learning Motivation Towards Students' Academic Hardiness

This research examined the factors that influence academic hardiness in tahfiz lessons. The author suspects that the factors contained in the social support variable are moderator variables for the variables self-efficacy, learning motivation, and gender which influence academic hardiness. This research uses a quantitative approach with multiple regression analysis. The sample consisted of 150 students in class 5 and class 6 of Islamic school X who were taken using a purposive sampling technique. In this research, the measuring tool used is the revised academic hardiness scale (RAHS) to measure the academic hardiness variable. Multi-Dimensional Scale of social support (Zimmet et al., 1988) to measure social support variables. The self-efficacy scale will be measured based on Bandura's theory to measure the dimensions of magnitude, generality, and strength. Learning motivation is measured using intrinsic and extrinsic aspects (Woolfolk, 1995). The research results show three significant regression coefficients: self-efficacy, intrinsic learning motivation, and gender. All three are influenced by social support, increasing students' academic hardiness. The author hopes that the implications of the results of this research can be reviewed and developed in further research. For example, adding other variables related to academic hardiness, such as parental and learning styles.

Psychological hardiness, personality factors and coping styles in male patients of alcohol dependence syndrome

BackgroundAlcohol dependence syndrome (ADS) is a result of complex interplay between biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors. While the biological (genetic) factors remain non-modifiable, better understanding of individual hardiness, personality variables, and coping mechanisms can help us in better understanding and comprehensive management of the illness. MethodsA cross-sectional comparative study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital. A total of 112 patients with ADS (test group) and 124 healthy age matched male controls were recruited from the same social milieu. They were assessed for hardiness, personality factors, and coping mechanisms using Hardiness scale, 16 Personality factors (5th Edition), and Brief COPE scale, respectively. The data were analyzed with Chi square, Student t tests (two tailed, unpaired), Mann Whitney U test, and Kruskal Waal analysis. ResultsThe test group had less hardy personality compared to control group (25% vs 43.54%) (p = 0.002). The level of Hardiness had an inverse relationship with alcohol dependence (p = 0.886). The majority of patients with ADS had high score on extraversion (p < 0.001), anxiety (p < 0.001), and tough-mindedness (p < 0.001), and the severity of alcohol dependence had an inverse relationship with extraversion (p = 0.004) and self-control (p = 0.002). The severity of ADS was directly related to the use of emotional support (p = 0.007) and substance use (p = 0.005) as coping mechanisms while the use of instrumental support (p = 0.001) and humor (p < 0.001) had inverse relationship with the severity of ADS. ConclusionsADS had less hardy personality and the level of hardiness had inverse relationship with alcohol dependence. The severity of alcohol dependence had an inverse relationship with extraversion and self-control. In terms of coping styles, substance use and use of emotional support was found to be directly related with the severity of alcohol dependence while the use of instrumental support and humor were found to be protective against severe dependence.

Hardiness as the Moderator in the Effect of Mental Workload on Job Stress in Frontline Bank Employees in the Pematang Siantar Area

The present study aimed to examine the role of hardiness in the relationship between mental workload and job stress among frontline bank employees in the Pematang Siantar area. This correlational study involved 53 frontline bank employees in the Pematang Siantar area. Data were collected through a self-report measure using three scales, namely the Job Stress Scale (Rollinson, 2005), the Mental Workload Scale from Reid (in Wickens &amp; Holland, 2000), and the Hardiness Scale based on Kobasa’s theory (in Rollinson, 2005). The results of data analysis using moderated regression analysis (MRA) showed that hardiness had a significant effect on the role of mental workload on job stress in frontline bank employees in the Pematang Siantar area. Further testing with multiple regression analysis showed a significant effect between the dimensions of mental workload and characteristics of hardiness on job stress in frontline bank employees in the Pematang Siantar area

Personal predictors of emotional burnout among secondary school teachers

Introduction. Today, in addition to studying the occurrence of the syndrome in the field of professional activity, the attention of researchers is also directed to the internal factors leading to the syndrome of emotional burnout. As such, researchers of emotional burnout identify anxiety, low self-esteem, a tendency to perfectionism, low stress tolerance, external locus of control, and non-adaptive coping strategies. Research method. Psychological testing using the methods of K. Maslach and V.V. Boyko to identify emotional burnout, S. Muddy's hardiness test, Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale (TMAS), Hewitt-Flett's Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale. The method of statistical processing is regression analysis. An empirical study was conducted on a sample of secondary school teachers in Gorno-Altaisk (N=80). Results. It was found that most of the study participants have an average or high level of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a reduction in professionalism, while the burnout index in terms of average values refers to a moderate level. In accordance with the results of the method of TMAS, most respondents (70%) have an average level of anxiety. On the hardiness scale, participants generally scored above average, indicating that they could bounce back from adverse situations. Based on the results of the regression analysis, the following personal predictors of emotional burnout of secondary school teachers were identified: a high level of personal anxiety and a low level of hardiness. The tendency to perfectionism showed the presence of influence on only one component of emotional burnout – the reduction of professionalism. Conclusions and prospects. The conducted theoretical and empirical analysis showed the significance of the study of personal predictors of emotional burnout among representatives of socionomic professions both from a scientific point of view (it was found that the predictors of emotional burnout in medical workers and secondary school teachers have their own specifics, which may be a consequence of the content of professional activity), and with practical, since the prevention of burnout in the workplace will save staff and increase labor productivity.

Examining the relationship between creativity and resilience in predicting nurses' job satisfaction during the Covid-19 pandemic

Objective: Unemployment is recognized as a fundamental problem in the society, especially among the graduates of the country's educational system. The aim of this research is to identify the factors preventing graduates from creating employment. Thus, this research aimed to explain the relationship between creativity and resilience in predicting nurses' job satisfaction during the coronavirus epidemic. Method: The statistical population comprises nurses living in Tabriz city. The sample was selected according to available sampling and 228 people were counted using Cochran's formula. Ahvaz Hardiness Scale (1998), Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (1966) and Brayfield and Roth Job Satisfaction Scale (1951) where used to collect data. The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate regression model. Results: The t-value for the fluidity, flexibility, originality, elaboration, and resilience, score is significant, (p&lt;0.01) indicating the meaningful direct effect with Beta values of 0.322, 0.359, 0.511, 0.318, and -0.365, respectively. Conclusion: Creativity is associated with job satisfaction, and creativity development is a good predictor of job satisfaction, however, such a relationship is reversed for resilience, and resilience is a poor predictor of job satisfaction.

Description of Hardiness in Sales Promotion Girl in Surabaya

This study aims to determine the level of hardiness in sales promotion girl. hardiness is a psychological resilience and strategy to deal with stress which can be seen from three aspects, namely, commitment, control and challenge. this research uses descriptive quantitative method. with a population of 50 spg, the sample used is 50 sales promotion girls. the sampling method used in this research is saturated sampling. the data collection method uses a likert scale, namely the hardiness scale. hardiness scale based on kobasa's (1982) theory. the results of data analysis from this study hardiness is in the medium category. the result of further research is the percentage of hardiness aspect that is high is control.