Happy Hour Research Articles

Factors affecting quality of life and marital satisfaction among married nurses and nursing assistants

Introduction: Although working is human's best recreation, due to adverse physical, social, and psychological stimuli, it has adverse effects on family relationships, marital satisfaction, and the quality of people's lives. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the quality of life and marital satisfaction of married nurses and nursing assistant in three teaching hospitals of Kerman University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: Four hundred and forty-six married nurses and nursing assistant participated in this study. Participants were selected by simple random sampling, and data were collected with the World Health Organization Quality of Life Standard Questionnaire and Enrich Marital Satisfaction Scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 11 and the significance level was 0.05. Statistical single parameter and logistics tests were carried out to detect significant relationships. Results: Happy hours spent with family, working hospital, and belief in the negative effect of night shift work on personal, family, and social life were found to be effective parameters on four domains of life quality. Marital satisfaction and communication domain in the Enrich questionnaire were significantly correlated with total score of quality of life (P = 0.008). Idealistic distortion domain in the Enrich questioner was significantly correlated with the social domain of quality of life (P = 0.031). Conclusion: Organizational and administrative support, including training in the effective communication skills between couples, making balance between work and family and flexibility in shift work programs can improve the quality of life and marital satisfaction.

In Memoriam

In Memoriam

Impact of a Solar X-Flare on NVIS Propagation: Daytime characteristic wave refraction and nighttime scattering

An experiment to investigate several characteristics of near vertical incidence skywave (NVIS) propagation (polarization, characteristic waves and their isolation, elevation angles, and radio noise) over a distance of 105 km and at 7 MHz was performed in The Netherlands. Daytime characteristic wave propagation with almost perfectly circular polarization and high isolation values had been expected from our earlier work and could now be demonstrated. Simultaneous elevation angle measurements showed pure single-hop F2-layer reflection and no ground wave component. Nighttime scattering with loss of polarization was observed when the critical frequency (fxF2) dropped below the operating frequency. The Happy Hour propagation, shown in our previous work [2], was confirmed with new measurements. The occurrence of a solar X-ray flare during the measurements provided a unique opportunity to compare the observations in a quiet ionosphere with those during a short wave fadeout (SWF). During the SWF, the signal strength of the ordinary wave dropped 35 dB and that of the extraordinary wave 45 dB. This lasted 15 min; recovery to normal signal levels took 35 min. The radio noise level, which was already low in the quiet rural measurement location, dropped another 12 dB during the SWF, with the remainder being generated locally. This proves that in a quiet rural location the major part of the radio noise arrives via the ionosphere.

The Structural Features of Sports and Race Betting Inducements: Issues for Harm Minimisation and Consumer Protection.

Minimal research has been published about inducements for sports and race betting, despite their ready availability and aggressive advertising. This paper aimed to document the range and structural features of these inducements, and analyse their alignment with the harm minimisation and consumer protection goals of responsible gambling. A scan of all inducements offered on the websites of 30 major race and sports betting brands located 223 separate inducements which we categorised into 15 generic types, all offering financial incentives to purchase. These comprised sign-up offers, refer-a-friend offers, happy hours, mobile betting bonuses, multi-bet offers, refund/stake-back offers, matching stakes/deposits, winnings paid for 'close calls', bonus or better odds, bonus or better winnings, competitions, reduced commission, free bets to selected punters, cash rebates and other free bets. All inducements were subject to numerous terms and conditions which were complex, difficult to find, and obscured by legalistic language. Play-through conditions of bonus bets were particularly difficult to interpret and failed basic requirements for informed choice. Website advertisements for inducements were prominently promoted but few contained a responsible gambling message. The results were analysed to generate 12 research propositions considered worthy of empirical research to inform much needed regulatory reform in this area.

On Academic Production and the Politics of Inclusion

Before the 2015 annual meeting of the European Society of International Law, participants were notified of a ‘women in international law’ happy hour for exchanging ideas on ‘the improvement of representation of women’. At the convivial and well-attended event in Oslo, organizers thanked the men who were present, remarking that their support was not only welcomed but also necessary. This theme of inclusion resurfaced in side conversations about past conference panels on gender that noted the supportive role of senior male academics in audiences comprised primarily of women. Gender was mainly discussed along a single axis of male/female rather than intersectionally. Other categories of identity, such as ethnicity and nationality, remained on the sidelines of this event, which focused on the role of women within the field.

Happy Hour in Shirley World

Happy Hour in Shirley World

George’s Harmonica

George’s Harmonica Sandra McPherson (bio) Arnold Lindquist said I haven’t played a harmonicafor ninety-five years when he heard or was told if he could hear he’d hear George Lewin of Brooklyn playing the harmonica he got in nineteen thirty-eight when he was thirteen (significantly younger than the Swede from Iowa) it’s still in its perfect box it’s stillshiny the wood is like new the instructions say you’ll have many years of satisfaction made in Germany George reading e-mail from his rabbi George primo uomo considerably louder than the harp he plays when wondering Are you girls are okay? offers to serenade only the ladies one at a time with what Junior at the Checkerboard called Mississippi saxophone autographed gave two to Walter (not Big or Little, he called himself Middle) [End Page 119] hear how the blue names accrue Jim Self comes over happy hour won’t spill its chardonnay before he too plays Oh Susannah [End Page 120] Sandra McPherson sandra mcpherson is the author of five books from Ecco, three from Wesleyan, and, most recently, Outline Scribe and Certain Uncollected Poems, both from Ostrakon, and Expectation Days, from University of Illinois Press. She taught twenty-three years at the University of California at Davis and four years at the University of Iowa, and has new poems forthcoming in the Yale Review. She resides among the people evoked in “George’s Harmonica.” Copyright © 2015 University of North Carolina Wilmington

Measuring the Isolation of the Circularly Polarized Characteristic Waves in NVIS Propagation [Measurements Corner

Separate excitation of the characteristic waves in the ionosphere results in two orthogonal propagation channels on the same frequency, which may be used in diversity and multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) systems. In this article, a method to measure the isolation between these paths is proposed and demonstrated in a near vertical incidence skywave (NVIS) experiment at a frequency of 7 MHz over a 105-km distance. Characteristic wave isolation exceeding 25 dB is measured during Happy Hour: the interval when the propagation path just opens or closes and only the extraordinary wave propagates.

Happy hour followed by hangover: financing the UK brewery industry, 1880–1913

ABSTRACTIn the last 15 years of the nineteenth century c.300 British brewers incorporated and floated securities on the stock market. Subsequently, in the 1900s, the industry suffered a long-lived hangover. In this article, we establish the stylised facts of this transformation and estimate the gains enjoyed by brewery investors during the boom as well as the losses suffered by investors during the bust of the 1900s. However, not all brewery equity shares suffered alike. We find that post-1900 performance correlates positively with capital-market discipline and good corporate governance and negatively with family control, but does not correlate with indebtedness.

Personal reflection (RNA journal 20th anniversary).

Personal reflection (RNA journal 20th anniversary).

Into the wilderness.

Ethan Perlstein never planned to be an entrepreneur. Ever since his college research internship, in a lab at the National Institutes of Health, he had dreamed of becoming a professor at a high-powered research institution. After completing his Ph.D. in molecular and cellular biology at Harvard and earning a Lewis-Sigler fellowship at Princeton, he seemed perfectly positioned to take that next step. “I was in the academic 1%,” he says. ¶ Apparently, the academic 1% isn't good enough. When his 2-year job search yielded no offers, he was stunned and unprepared. “I was in an existential rut because I hadn't thought of a plan B,” he says. He was “in the wilderness.” ![Figure][1] “The indie label is really more about a spirit than a set of specific practices.” ILLUSTRATION: ROBERT NEUBECKER He started conducting his own research—a hybrid of a legacy project from his postdoc and some new exploratory work—at a bench he rented in a facility in Berkeley, California. He supported himself by consulting for a startup company developing a science-crowd-funding platform, and he lived off savings he had set aside during his postdoc. He branded himself an “indie scientist,” a label he confesses is nebulous. “The indie label is really more about a spirit than a set of specific practices. It means doing things in an unconventional way and considering and being open to doing things that are not just the standard way of doing things,” he says. The emphasis is on working “outside of the academic and industry monoculture.” In search of a clearer path, he brainstormed with his brother, a legal entrepreneur. He also “turned to Twitter as a source of solace and support— and as an opportunity to learn, … what would a plan B look like?” On Twitter, he commiserated with others who were struggling in the academic market and connected with rare-disease advocates. He found people he could bounce ideas off as he wrestled with his next career move. “I really feel like [Twitter] made my transition possible,” he says. Over the course of about a year, his new venture took shape: Perlstein Lab—PLab for short—a for-profit, public-benefit corporation that aims to develop treatments for rare diseases. In 2014 he incorporated, brought in $2.2 million in investments, and hired three Ph.D. scientists and a few other research staff. PLab is currently targeting two diseases, Niemann-Pick Type C and NGLY1 deficiency. Using genetic models in a variety of organisms—yeast, nematodes, fruit flies, zebrafish—PLab aims to identify candidate treatment compounds for each disease, which can then be refined and taken to the clinic with partner companies. Perlstein never imagined himself as a startup CEO, but now that he's doing it, “I couldn't be happier,” he says. “I feel like we're able to blend the best of basic and applied science. … There are certain parts of academia that I miss, but the parts I miss the most I've tried to recreate here: things like journal club, happy hour, places where you can just kind of nerd out and be self-indulgent about the science.” Despite now being officially corporate, he hasn't given up the indiescience spirit. In the long run, he hopes PLab will be successful enough to allow him to “do what I really wanted to do all along, which is to build a truly independent science institution.” He imagines something akin to the Santa Fe Institute, where researchers can go on sabbatical, interact with new people, and engage in interdisciplinary work. “But that's kind of a long-term fantasy,” he says. One year in, PLab is not quite out of the startup woods. “We've survived the birthing process, so at least there's that,” he says. “We're showing the first signs that we can stand up on our own two feet.” He's optimistic about the company's future, but knows from experience that he ought to hedge his bets. “Things could sour quickly,” he acknowledges. Still, “maybe I'm just saying it, but I think we're in a tentatively firm position in terms of happiness, subject to contingencies.” [1]: pending:yes

Recruiting Under the Influence: Job Applicant Reactions to Workplace Drinking Norms

Events in which alcohol plays a large role, such as happy hours, holiday parties, or meals with coworkers or clients, are a common part of organizational life. The presence of alcohol in some indus...

Chemobiology at happy hour: yeast as a model for pharmacological screening

Since its discovery and description by Louis Pasteur, the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which was used for thousands of years for alcoholic fermentation and as a leavening agent, has become a popular model system in biology. One of the reasons for this popularity is the strong conservation from yeast to human of most of the pathways controlling cell growth and fate. In addition, at least 30% of human genes involved in diseases have a functional homolog in yeast. Hence, yeast is now widely used for modelling and deciphering physiopathological mechanisms as well as for developing pharmacological approaches like phenotype-based drug screening. Three examples of such yeast-based chemobiological studies are presented.

A Backward Glance over Some Leading Citizens in the Poe World

Having grown up, academically speaking, in the shadow of Arthur Hobson Quinn, who lived roughly half an hour from my college, Ursinus, and with so many of my college teachers having studied their American literature at the University of Pennsylvania, where Quinn was supreme when American literature was still a fairly new subject in university instruction, and now with myself looking like I might well be a contemporary of Quinn, or even Poe and John Greenleaf Whittier, and being from a family in which genealogy was important, it may be natural that I should represent historical memory and share my recollections of some persons who pioneered in and opened up Poe studies. Some may be surprised to learn that Professor Quinn was, first and foremost, not a Poe specialist, but that his preeminent scholarly love was American drama. For pre-twentieth-century American plays, Quinn’s studies typically remain, after nearly a century, almost the only informed commentaries. Many have become increasingly aware that William Dunlap, America’s first major playwright, and the novelist Charles Brockden Brown, might each properly be deemed the Adam to American literary Gothicism. To return to Professor Quinn: when I began my own academic studies, he was in his eighties, ill, and housebound. He spent most of his time nestled in a chair, swathed in blankets and quilts, and wearing a sun shade, claiming that reading so many early American plays had ruined his eyesight. Before such ills befell him, Quinn was active in having established the Clothier Collection of American Drama at the University of Pennsylvania, which remains one of the foremost collections of early American plays. The Poe interest emerged from Quinn’s own work in American drama—Poe’s parents being actors—and from his aim to furnish an accurate biographical portraiture of Poe which would demolish the long-standing depiction by Rufus Griswold. Spending more than twenty years in preparing that biography, which appeared first in 1941 but has stood the test of time well enough to go through several reprintings, Quinn achieved a solid narrative account, though many of his critical opinions have been modified or superseded in the work of others. A Quinn student, J. Albert Robbins, followed his mentor’s practices in determining to present factually accurate scholarship, as some early volumes in the American Literary Scholarship journal attest. Robbins often recounted to me anecdotes of his days as Quinn’s student. Those who know Quinn primarily for

President’s Message: UX Thinking and the LITA Member Experience

My mind has been occupied lately with user (UX) thinking in both the web world and in the physical world around me. I manage a web services department in an academic library, and it's my department's responsibility to contemplate how best to present website content so students can easily search for the articles they are looking for, or so faculty can quickly navigate to their favorite database. In addition to making these tasks easy and efficient, we want to make sure that users feel good about their accomplishments. My department has to ensure that the other systems and services that are integrated throughout the site are located in meaningful places and can be used at the point of need. Additionally, the site's graphic and interaction design must not only contribute to but also enhance the overall user experience. We care about usability, graphic design, and the user interfaces of our library's web presence, but these are just subsets of the larger UX picture. For example, a site can have a great user interface and design, but if a user can't get to the actual information she is looking for, the overall is less than desirable. Jesse James Garrett is considered to be one of the founding fathers of user-centered design, the creator of the pivotal diagram defining the elements of user experience, and author of book, The Elements of User Experience. He believes that experience design is the design of anything, independent of medium, or across media, with human as an explicit outcome, and human engagement as an explicit goal. (1) In other words, applying a UX approach to thinking involves paying attention to a person's behaviors, feelings, and attitudes about a particular product, system, or service. Someone who does UX design, therefore, focuses on building the relationship between people and the products, systems, and services in which they interact. Garrett provides a roadmap of sorts for us by identifying and defining the elements of a web user experience, some of which are the visual, interface, and interaction design, the information architecture, and user needs. (2) In time, these come together to form a cohesive, holistic approach to impacting our users' overarching across our library's web presence. Paying attention to these more contextual elements informs the development and management of a web site. Let's switch gears for a moment. Prior to winning the election and becoming the LITA Vice-President/President-Elect, I reflected on my experiences as a new LITA member and before I became really engaged within the association. I endeavored to remember how I felt when I had joined LITA in 2005. Was I welcomed and informed, or did I feel distant and uninformed? Was the path clear to getting involved in interest groups and committees, or were there barriers that prevented me from getting engaged? What was my attitude about the overall organization? How were my feelings about LITA impacted? Luckily, there were multiple times when I felt embraced by LITA members, such as participating in BIGWIG's Social Media Showcase, teaching pre-conferences, hanging out at the Happy Hours, and attending the Forums. I discovered ample networking opportunities and around every corner there always seemed to be a way to get involved. I attended as many LITA programs at Annual and Midwinter conferences as I could, and in doing so, ran into the same crowds of people over and over again. Plus, the sessions I attended always had excellent content and friendly, knowledgeable speakers. Over time, many of these members became some of my friends and most trusted colleagues. Unfortunately, I'm confident that not every LITA member or prospective member has had similar, consistent, or as engaging experiences as I've had, or as many opportunities to travel to conferences and network in-person. We all have different expectations and goals that color our personal experiences in interacting with LITA and its members. …

Productivity and Quality Responses of Salt-Stressed Roses to Supplemental Calcium

Plants of Rosa × spp. L. ‘Happy Hour’ grafted on the rootstocks R. × ‘Manetti’ and R. × ‘Natal Briar’ were salinized with 12 mM NaCl and received supplemental calcium (Ca) applications (as CaSO4) of 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 mM. Additional plants were salinized with 6 mM Na2SO4 and supplemented with 5 mM CaSO4 and compared to non-salinized, no supplemental Ca control plants. Cumulative flowers harvested, shoot length and leaf chlorophyll index were similar for both rootstocks across salt treatments, but Manetti plants had higher dry weights in flowers and most plant tissues except roots. Productivity and water relations in NaCl-salinized plants were not responsive to supplemental Ca. Conversely, calcium-supplemented plants salinized with Na2SO4 had better productivity and quality than those with NaCl, and were similar to non-stressed control plants. Salt injury symptoms were evident only on NaCl-treated plants, regardless of Ca supplements, and closely associated with chloride, but not sodium, accumulation, in leaf tissues. The extent of the ameliorative properties of supplemental calcium applications on salinized rose plants is influenced by the salinity level, the chemical composition of the salinizing solution (major ions and counter-ions) and the cultivar (scion) and rootstock selection.

James A. Sharpe, MD, FRCP(C) (1941-2013)

James A. Sharpe, MD, FRCP(C) (1941-2013)

Going Mental: Podcasting, Authenticity, and Artist–Fan Identification on Paul Gilmartin's Mental Illness Happy Hour

The podcast has recently emerged as a popular medium for comedians. It would not be accurate to describe the podcast as a wholly new, liberating medium that dispenses of all commercial logic in favor of the truly authentic, but it would be equally disingenuous to discount the feelings of empowerment and personal stability that the podcast medium has initiated for these comedians. Since April 2011, Paul Gilmartin, a stand-up comedian, television show host, and actor has hosted the Mental Illness Happy Hour (MIHH), a self-help podcast for those suffering from depression, anxiety, and frustration. Gilmartin's podcast has attracted over a million listeners since it debuted and has inspired a devoted following, thriving message board, and the sort of unexpected career revival that surprised even Gilmartin himself. While the man behind the microphone might be a comedian, MIHH is sobering, reflective, and unvarnished in its earnestness. I argue that the constitution of audience within this podcast disrupts more conventional understandings of fan–celebrity interaction. It tests previously held assumptions and makes ambiguous the lines between performer and audience, audience, and self-help community.

Editors’ Page

Editors’ Page Stephanie G’Schwind and Sasha Steensen It’s easy to get a little lazy during the summer, settling deeply into that poolside chaise longue, umbrella drink within easy reach, scent of coconut in the air. And why shouldn’t you? You’ve earned it, this “weekend” of the year: June, July, and August standing in for an extended Friday, Saturday, and Sunday. But don’t get too comfortable just yet; the stories and essays in this issue promise to keep you on the edge of your beach towel. Striking the first note of disequilibrium in this issue’s fiction, Brad Felver’s “Dogs of Detroit” presents a city in which “the natural order of things has been upended”: feral dogs roam the city, buildings are abandoned and left to decay, and a boy’s mother goes missing—leaving him and his father to work out their grief through art and violence. Amid an out-of-season twister, Kate Folk’s “Tornado Season” finds a teenage girl and her single mother harboring a fugitive whose attention they both desire. Goldberry Long gives us a nun painfully out of sync with her parish, unable to reconcile her true heart with her faith, in “How Sister Concepción Burned Down Nuestra Señora de Los Luceros through No Fault of Her Own, Which Everyone Agrees.” And in Elizabeth Poliner’s “Sometime, Springtime,” a woman works to regain her balance after her lover unexpectedly dumps her, navigating a world that now seems “a kind of foreign universe … a place where she felt alien, displaced.” Carrying this discordant tune through the nonfiction, Daniel Sherrell’s “Big Pin” pulls back the curtain to reveal the culture of high school wrestling—a limbo world that is neither school nor life, but “somehow takes the place of both”—in which boys starve themselves down to unnatural weights, strive to knock one another off balance, and subject themselves to abuse and humiliaton for a dubious return on their investment. In “Tenebrae,” a meditative essay on art and religion, Jan Shoemaker reflects on the destabilizing experience of tending to her dementia-stricken mother, the roles of caregiving inverted. Liza Cochran, though, examining addiction and depression, writes about righting oneself again, finding a spiritual compass—a higher power, perhaps—amid the wilderness in her moving essay “Natural Forces.” So if your chaise has a seatbelt, you may want to fasten it: it’s going to be a bumpy read. —Stephanie G'Schwind [End Page 1] As I write this introductory statement, I am at the Denver International Airport. I have been here for several hours, and I am told I will be here for several more. This space, to borrow some words from Gertrude Stein, “is a space of time that is filled always filled with moving.” It is a space constructed by, and always aware of, passing hours. The good news: for company, I have the poetry for the summer issue of Colorado Review. These poems, oddly hourly, are full of waiting. Laura Wetherington’s Pierre Rivière “was known to sit for hours, watching birds and frogs he’d nailed to trees.” Lee Ann Brown tells us in her elegy for Amiri Baraka that, despite his being two hours late for a reading, “everybody Stayed.” Some poetry is not only worth waiting for, but it transforms the very makeup of an hour. In the presence of these poems I find that I no longer dread the hours ahead of me; I eagerly await them because “already the hour / is less than an hour” (Carolina Ebeid). I anticipate that you, too, will spend many happy hours in and among these beautiful poems. —Sasha Steensen [End Page 2] Copyright © 2014 Center for Literary Publishing

It's five o'clock somewhere: An examination of the association between happy hour drinking and negative consequences.

BackgroundThis study aims to understand which young adults’ drinking behaviors change in the presence of happy hour specials, the ways in which they change, and whether a link exists between happy hour drinking behavior and negative outcomes.MethodsUsing data collected from bar-going respondents (n = 1,423) within a print survey administered to a general college sample (n = 2,349), we identify significant differences in changes in happy hour behavior between demographic groups using χ2 tests and determine whether this behavior is related to six negative alcohol-related outcomes using logistical and ordinary least squares regression models with a variety of controls, including age of onset and frequency of use.ResultsWomen, students under 21, non-athletes, members of Greek-affiliated organizations, more affluent and unemployed students, and students living on campus were more likely to change their drinking behavior in the presence of happy hour specials. In general, the most robust predictors of negative events are gender, alcohol use frequency, age of alcohol use onset, and increasing drinking due to happy hours/bar specials. While it was linked to various negative and illegal behaviors, altered happy hour drinking was not associated with an increased likelihood of an alcohol-related arrest.ConclusionsThis study lends support to the idea that alcohol price specials should be regulated in an effort to reduce high consumption and alcohol-related negative consequences. Future research into the relationship between happy hour drinking and negative outcomes is necessary and should examine the impact of happy hour advertisements, different types of specials, and the timing of happy hours.