Hand Held Research Articles

Design of Hand Held Doppler: A Potential Source of Contamination!!

Design of Hand Held Doppler: A Potential Source of Contamination!!

Hand Held Technology; Its Place In a Environmental Compliance Monitoring System

This abstract will examine the elements of a field deployable inspection application designed to support the U S Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) field mission assignment, through the use of hand held technology. The system is designed to mimic a typical inspection through the use of software applications that replicate hard copy inspection forms. The primary elements of the program are in support of the Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasures (SPCC) regulations codified in Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations Part 112. These regulations govern prevention related activities, Facility Response Plans (FRPs) reviews and Government Initiated Unannounced Exercises (GIUEs). Accordingly, digital inspection/evaluation forms were created utilizing File Maker Pro development software. The forms have been deployed on Apple's IPAD tablets which allow for the integration of locational attributes of Google maps and the tablet's built in digital camera. A typical inspection will consist of an Administrative Form, Notice of Inspection (NOI), SPCC Inspection checklist, FRP Review checklist, FRP Field checklist, FRP Approval Letters and when applicable a GIUE evaluation forms. These files combine to form a complete inspection folder where it is either closed out as compliant or submitted to enforcement for further deliberation. A typical inspection begins with general inspection data being entered into the Administrative Form. Data entered here auto populates each corresponding inspection form. As an added enhancement, each inspection form can be pre- populated with consistently recorded values. This is generally the case when conducting multiple inspection where the company remains the same and/or the consultant has prepared plans in a uniform/standardized manner. Consequently, both latitudinal/longitudinal attributes are automatically embedded within the application along with photographic data. Upon completion of the inspection, the data is then synchronized with a GoZync Application with File Maker Pro server via WIFI or cellular connection. After file completion and administrative review, the report can be emailed to the recipient in a PDF format. To date, field trials have been completed on a local level with the expectation that Branch wide deployment will commence in late FY 16. The Agency recently made a nationwide buy of Apple tablets for On Scene Coordinators (OSCs) as well as inspection personnel within the response program. This helped pave the way for new application development and bringing to fruition the Agency's desired mission to perform its duties in a digital environment.

Design and Development of Compact Hand Held Target Acquisition Device

A compact, lightweight hand held target acquisition device, comprising of an infra red imager, colour CCD camera, eye safe laser range finder, global positioning system and digital magnetic compass has been developed. The aim was to develop a compact, lightweight, modular and man-portable multi function electro-optical system with a recognition range of 1 km for vehicles and 500 m for human movement enabling day and night time surveillance, target ranging capability, ability to generate coordinates of the operator and estimation of target coordinates. Hand Held target acquisition device operates on 12 V DC, has integrated signal processing for all the sensors and display electronics with a weight of 3 kg. Overview of the system, design methodology, performance modeling, range simulation of both the IR imager and colour CCD camera and field results have been presented.

Rectal foreign body: a case report

Colorectal foreign bodies are infrequently encounteredand present a dilemma for management. The diagnosis may be confirmedby plain abdominal radiographs and rectal examination, butabdominal computerized tomography with 3-D reconstruction can be decisive in thefurther management and must be advised without reconsideration. Transanal removal is only possible for very low-lying objects, while patients with high-lying foreign bodiesusually require anoperative intervention. An early decision of laparotomy should only be madeafter subjecting the patient to suitable investigations to determineexactly the localization of the object, in order toavoid any inadvertent damage to the adjoining vasculatureas well as anal incontinence. We report the case of a youngadult male who presented in the emergency department with a Hand Held Bidet Shower inserted per rectum. Transanal removal was unsuccessful and Emergent laparotomy with colotomy and primary repair was necessary for safe removal of the same.

Emerging Simplified Retinal Imaging.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a major microvascular complication of diabetes, has a significant impact on the world's health systems. Globally, the number of people with DR will grow from 126.6 million in 2010 to 191.0 million by 2030, and it is estimated that the number with vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy will increase from 37.3 million to 56.3 million if prompt action is not taken. Lack of early diagnosis and management is the leading cause of blindness in working-age populations The gap between demand and annual eye examinations has been a big challenge. Furthermore lack of availability of cost effective simplified retinal imaging tools has limited the diabetic retinopathy screening program in many parts of the world in last few decades. This has led to the development of innovative ideas and availability of cost effective simplified retinal imaging tools. In this chapter we will be describing some of the well known commercially available emerging simplified (Non Tabletop, Hand Held, Portable) retinal imaging tools that have potential to help in screening diabetic retinopathy with ease and without increasing financial burden.

Physiological Responses to Noise in Preterm Infants Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary Referral Hospital in south India

Background: The preterm infants admitted to a high-tech Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) are vulnerable to noise in the environment. Aim of the study: To determine the physiological responses of preterm infants exposed to noise in the NICU. Materials and Methods: Noise levels in the NICU were measured using calibrated Sound Level Meter (SLM) i.e, Hand Held Analyzer Type 2250, Bruel and Kjaer, Denmark. The physiological responses of preterm infants were recorded in the Phillips IntelliVue MP20 Junior multichannel monitors. Results: The maximum hourly equivalent sound LAeq of 62.12 + 2.24 dB A was found on the 2nd day of the measurement that was carried out for a week’s time. The preterm infants cared for in the open care system were exposed to noise levels as high as 78.89 dB A over a period of 24 hours. There was a slight increase in heart rate (HR) on the second day, third day and sixth day of the measurement. Respiratory rate (RR) and Oxygen saturation (SpO2) were within normal range. Conclusion: The study has found that preterm infants were exposed to noise above the recommended levels on a day-to-day basis.

A Multi-Center Study of ABUS for the Diagnosis of Breast Cancer in China

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in China and worldwide. Mammography (MAM) is the first choice of breast screening. However, its practicability is limited in Asian due to dense breast mostly among Chinese women and the younger age of onset. Meanwhile, hand held ultrasound (HHUS) has obvious operator dependent and poor repeatability. Automated Breast Ultrasound System (ABUS) is a potential method to alleviate current challenges in accessible breast cancer screening. This study aims to evaluate the initial effectiveness of ABUS by comparing it with Hand Held Ultrasound (HHUS) and Mammography (MAM) in a hospital-based multi-center study. Women between the ages of 30 to 69 who visited breast surgeons for the first time without visible, suspicious signs of breast cancer were eligible for our study. All participants underwent HHUS and ABUS, and women in the older group (40 to 69 years old) also received MAM. Using the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) lexicon, the images of the lesions were interpreted independently. Image interpretations were done without knowledge of clinical or other imaging results. Lesions classified as BI-RADS 4 or 5 were considered to be “suspicious”, and BI-RADS 1 to 3 lesions were assessed as “benign”. So far, 1010 eligible women have been enrolled and 656 in the older group. Taking breast as the unit of analysis, we have acquired 2020 HHUS results, 2020 ABUS results and 1312MAM results. The consistency rates and Kappa statistics were calculated to assess the reliability of ABUS compared with HHUS or MAM. The average subject age was 45.32 (SD 9.756) in the whole group and 50.82 (SD 7.489) in the older group. Of all the 2020 breasts, HHUS detected 395 suspicious lesions and ABUS detected 356 suspicious lesions. Among the 395 suspicious lesions detected by HHUS, ABUS detected 327; In the older group, ABUS detected 275 suspicious lesions and MAM detected 259 suspicious lesions. Among the 259 suspicious lesions detected by MAM, only 41 lesions were undetected by ABUS. Among the 275 lesions detected by ABUS, only 57 were not detected by MAM. The reliability of ABUS and the other two modalities were quite good. Specifically, the consistency rate between HHUS and ABUS was 95.2%, and that between ABUS and MAM was 92.53%. The Kappa value between ABUS and HHUS was 0.8414 and that of ABUS and MAM in the older group was 0.7696. Fairly good reliability was observed in comparisons between ABUS and HHUS or MAM in our initial analysis. As ABUS is operator independent and it is feasible for all the radiologists with a short term of training to have similar lesion interpretation as HHUS or MAM by specialists. As a result, ABUS is a promising modality in breast imaging.

Collages

Collages Debora Greger (bio) [End Page i] Click for larger view View full resolution Writing Rat (2014), paper sewn to paper by hand with mylar thread, 13 1/4 × 8 1/4 inches. [End Page ii] Click for larger view View full resolution Hand Holding Leaves (2014), paper sewn to paper by hand with mylar thread, 14 7/8 × 10 3/4 inches. [End Page iii] Click for larger view View full resolution Armored Feet and Feather (2014), paper sewn to paper by hand with mylar thread, 13 1/4 × 8 1/4 inches. [End Page iv] Click for larger view View full resolution Circulatory Skull Reading (2014), paper sewn to paper by hand with mylar thread, 11 3/8 × 10 inches. [End Page v] Click for larger view View full resolution Face and Yellow Birds (2014), paper sewn to paper by hand with mylar thread, 10 3/4 × 14 3/4 inches. [End Page vi] Click for larger view View full resolution Odalisque and Crane (2014), paper sewn to paper by hand with mylar thread, 10 3/4 × 8 5/8 inches. [End Page vii] Click for larger view View full resolution Tongue Anatomy (2014), paper sewn to paper by hand with mylar thread, 12 × 10 3/4 inches. [End Page viii] Debora Greger DEBORA GREGER is Professor Emerita, University of Florida, and Poet-in-Residence, Harn Museum of Art, Gainesville, Florida. By Herself appeared in 2012. In Darwin’s Room will be published by Penguin in 2017. Her art has appeared on the covers of books and literary journals for thirty years. Copyright © 2017 Johns Hopkins University Press

Do We Have to Suffer Pain in Breast Exams? -Compare the Pain Between Digital Screening Mammography, Automated Breast Ultrasound and Hand-Held Ultrasound

Mammography (MAM) and Hand Held Ultrasound (HHUS) are the most common method to screen breast cancer, while Automated Breast Ultrasound System (ABUS) is a new exam for screening. This study aims to compare patients’ satisfaction and comfort associated with ABUS, HHUS and MAM. Explore its relationship with BMI, bra size, existence of nodules, nodule shape and breast density, and to evaluate the diagnostic agreement between ABUS and MAM or HHUS. Retrospective analysis the satisfaction and pain score of 528 women who performed ABUS, HHUS and the elder women received mammogram examination. These women were asked to estimate the level of pain on a scale of 0-10 (0: no, 10: highest pain). We use non-parametric statistic and Spearman correlation analysis to access the pain score difference in three methods and the relationship with some factors, including BMI (Body Mass Index), bra size, breast density, existence of masses, location and size of masses. Finally, we calculate the sensitivity and specificity of MAM, HHUS and ABUS. The average age was 51.0±10.9, and the average BMI index was 23.0±2.9. Among them, nearly half of the participants were B cups (45.5%). In this three inspection methods, the highest pain score was MAM [4.0 (2.0, 6.0)], which much higher than ABUS [2.0 (1.0, 4.0)]. And the pain score of ABUS was higher than HHUS [2.0 (1.0, 4.0) vs. 0.0 (0.0, 0.0)], comparison with statistical difference (P<0.05). The 92.4% cases were preferred to accept ABUS examination which was similar to accepting of HHUS is 94.7%, but this acceptability was much higher than mammography (45.5%). After statistical analysis, we found that BMI can affect the pain score of ABUS. The correlation coefficient of BMI and ABUS is 0.351 (P<0.01), that the heavier the more pain. Bra size is positively correlated with pain of mammography and ABUS (CC=0.120, 0.268; P <0.05). But bra size cannot affect the pain score of HHUS. Besides that, the other four factors don’t have effect on the pain degree of these three methods. Of all the 528 subjects, HHUS detected 71 suspicious lesions, MAM detected 67 and ABUS detected 70 lesions. The Kappa value between ABUS and MAM was 0.560 (P<0.05) and that of ABUS and HHUS was 0.694 (P<0.05). The results show that routine use of ABUS will be well tolerated by patients than mammography and ABUS can be used as a tool in screening for breast cancer.

Immediate Effects of Paraspinal Dry Needling in Patients with Acute Facet Joint Lock Induced Wry Neck.

Acute facet joint lock induced wry neck (AFJL-WN) is common among adult population and it is primarily managed by medications and physiotherapy. However, the immediate recovery from pain and movements restriction caused by AFJL-WN is not documented in favour of existing interventions. To evaluate the immediate effects of paraspinal dry needling (PSDN) on acute neck pain and movement deficit in patients with AFJL-WN. A total of 21 patients with AFJL-WN were treated with single session of PSDN for 12-15 minutes. The Visual Analog Scale (0-100mm) and Hand Held Goniometer were used to assess the immediate, 24 hours and 1 week follow-up neck pain and cervical spine's range of motion respectively. The mean and standard deviation was used to make inferences. Immediately after PSDN the pain score was reduced and cervical spine range of motion have improved. The 24 hours and 1 week follow-up pain and range of motion scores have shown the sustained improvement without deteriorations. PSDN is effective method to achieve pain free neck movements in patients with AFJL-WN.

Analysis of Hand Held Ultrasound, Automated Breast Ultrasound System and Mammography in Detecting and Diagnosing Breast Lesions

Analysis of Hand Held Ultrasound, Automated Breast Ultrasound System and Mammography in Detecting and Diagnosing Breast Lesions

The Impact of Income-Generating Projects on Stimulating the Development of Entrepreneurial Activities in Communities: The Holding Hands Case

The scope of this study focuses on exploring the use of income-generating community projects to facilitate sustainable community development. The study’s methodology consisted of a qualitative single case embedded design that was used to construct constructivist grounded theory. The Holding Hands income generating community project in the North West Province, South Africa, was used to develop the case study. The case study was constructed in ATLAS.ti on a timeline using a document analysis to develop the themes and codes. The gaps in the data were filled by conducting interviews with the participants of the project. The findings of this study identified for the case of the Holding Hands income-generating community project, the initiation of an income-generating community project stimulated the development of other entrepreneurial activities in the community. The benefits of this project impacted the community in various ways and contributed to sustainable community development. These findings contribute to strengthening the sustainable development of income-generating community projects and maximizing the impact of sustainable community development. Therefore entrepreneurial skills should be a core development focus in the skills development programs included in the development plans of income-generating interventions. These interventions should be designed to identify entrepreneurs, develop their skills, provide funding to them, and the support and mentoring required to develop an environment where entrepreneurship could flourish.

A programme of research to set priorities and reduce uncertainties for the prevention and treatment of skin disease

BackgroundSkin diseases are very common and can have a large impact on the quality of life of patients and caregivers. This programme addressed four diseases: (1) eczema, (2) vitiligo, (3) squamous cell skin cancer (SCC) and (4) pyoderma gangrenosum (PG).ObjectiveTo set priorities and reduce uncertainties for the treatment and prevention of skin disease in our four chosen diseases.DesignMixed methods including eight systematic reviews, three prioritisation exercises, two pilot randomised controlled trials (RCTs), three feasibility studies, two core outcome initiatives, four funding proposals for national RCTs and one completed national RCT.SettingSecondary care, primary care and the general population.ParticipantsPatients (and their caregivers) with eczema, vitiligo, SCC and PG, plus health-care professionals with an interest in skin disease.InterventionsOur three intervention studies included (1) barrier enhancement using emollients from birth to prevent eczema (pilot RCT); (2) handheld narrowband ultraviolet light B therapy for treating vitiligo (pilot RCT); and (3) oral ciclosporin (Neoral®, Novartis Pharmaceuticals) compared with oral prednisolone for managing PG (pragmatic national RCT).ResultsSystematic reviews included two overarching systematic reviews of RCTs of treatments for eczema and vitiligo, an umbrella review of systematic reviews of interventions for the prevention of eczema, two reviews of treatments for SCC (one included RCTs and the second included observational studies), and three reviews of outcome measures and outcome reporting. Three prioritisation partnership exercises identified 26 priority areas for future research in eczema, vitiligo and SCC. Two international consensus initiatives identified four core domains for future eczema trials and seven core domains for vitiligo trials. Two pilot RCTs and three feasibility studies critically informed development of four trial proposals for external funding, three of which are now funded and one is pending consideration by funders. Our pragmatic RCT tested the two commonly used systemic treatments for PG (prednisolone vs. ciclosporin) and found no difference in their clinical effectiveness or cost-effectiveness. Both drugs showed limited benefit. Only half of the participants’ ulcers had healed by 6 months. For those with healed ulcers, recurrence was common (30%). Different side effect profiles were noted for each drug, which can inform clinical decisions on an individual patient basis. Three researchers were trained to PhD level and a dermatology patient panel was established to ensure patient involvement in all aspects of the programme.ConclusionsFindings from this programme of work have already informed clinical guidelines and patient information resources. Feasibility studies have ensured that large national pragmatic trials will now be conducted on important areas of treatment uncertainty that address the needs of patients and the NHS. There is scope for considerable improvement in terms of trial design, conduct and reporting for RCTs of skin disease, which can be improved through wider collaboration, registration of trial protocols and complete reporting and international consensus over core outcome sets. Three national trials have now been funded as a result of this work. Two international initiatives to establish how best to measure the core outcome domains for eczema and vitiligo are ongoing.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials Barrier Enhancement for Eczema Prevention (BEEP) (ISRCTN84854178 and NCT01142999), Study of Treatments fOr Pyoderma GAngrenosum Patients (STOP GAP) (ISRCTN35898459) and Hand Held NB-UVB for Early or Focal Vitiligo at Home (HI-Light Pilot Trial) (NCT01478945).FundingThis project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Programme Grants for Applied Research programme and will be published in full inProgramme Grants for Applied Research; Vol. 4, No. 18. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.

Can the Smart detect™ in breast ultrasound provide a second opinion?

BackgroundUltrasound and mammography alone may not always identify malignant breast lesions. Samsung Medison has added the Smart detect™ (S-detect™) program to its ultrasound features, and this may improve the identification of benign and malignant breast lesions. ObjectiveTo evaluate the accuracy of S-detect™, a new ultrasound added feature, and to identify benign and malignant breast lesions in women with symptoms or signs of focal breast disease. MethodsIn a pilot study, the registered data of a selected 45 women is retrospectively audited and analyzed. These women, presenting with clinical symptoms of breast disease (diagnostic), were examined by mammography and ultrasound. The interpretation and Hand Held Ultrasound (HHUS) have been done with 2 radiologists determining the BIRADS® classification results for every woman (benign or malignant). In addition, S-detect™ was applied during the ultrasound examination, and S-detect™ findings (benign or malignant) were recorded in either concordance or discordance with radiologists’ findings. Biopsy was performed as a gold standard. ResultsAmong the enrolled 45 women in the study, 33 (73.3%) had concordant results with the radiologists while the remaining 12 (26.6%) were discordant, in 10 (22.2%) of the 12 discordant cases, S-detect™ findings of benign contradicted radiologists’ findings and in 2 of the cases, S-detect™ findings of malignant contradicted radiologists’ findings. In the 10 discordant cases where S-detect™ recommended benign, only 2 were correct, but in the 2 discordant cases where S-detect™ recommended malignant, both were correct. The overall accuracy of S-detect™ was 82.22%, sensitivity 61.90%, but a specificity was 100%. ConclusionThe use of S-detect™ in this study identified additional cases of malignancy, so this technology may be a useful tool in addition to mammography and US for the diagnosis of breast disease. The specificity of the S-detect™ in this study is remarkably high; yet, the sensitivity is low. Despite a small number of cases, we suggest a larger scale study, to validate the clinical utility in using the B-mode plus S-detect™ to enhance diagnosis in patients presenting with symptoms and signs of breast diseases.

Design of Hand Held Doppler: A Potential Source of Contami-nation!!

Design of Hand Held Doppler: A Potential Source of Contami-nation!!

Morphology and molecular characterization hold hands: clarifying the taxonomy of Hysterothylacium (Nematoda: Anisakidae) larval forms.

During the last decade, many morphotypes of larval forms of Hysterothylacium have been proposed; however, their boundaries are taxonomically unclear. We compare newly collected material with data available for Hysterothylacium larvae, based on genetics and morphology, in order to evaluate their relationships and simplify their classification. The previously described Hysterothylacium larval type IV, type V, and type X were found in several marine fishes from Brazil. A new Hysterothylacium larval type XV, parasitic in Elops saurus from State of Sergipe, north-eastern Brazil, was proposed based on its genetic singularity and the presence of numerous spines throughout the body. Based upon phylogenetic reconstruction using the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) ITS2 sequences along with morphological traits, the following third stage larvae were considered valid (synonyms are inside parenthesis) type III (= types VII and VIII), type V (= types VI, XII, and XIII), and type X (= type XIV). Despite the lack of molecular data, Hysterothylacium larval type II is considered as synonym of type I because of their identical morphology. The morphometry of Hysterothylacium third stage larvae proved to be weak as a diagnostic tool due to its high rates of variation. Phylogenetic reconstruction using the concatenated sequences of rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and the mitochondrion DNA (mtDNA) cox2 revealed that the sampled Hysterothylacium larval types V may represent three different species and H. deardorffovestreetorum may represent two different taxa. Furthermore, H. deardorffovestreetorum is considered species inquirenda due to its problematic description and diagnosis which are based only on larvae. A key to Hysterothylacium larvae from marine fishes is provided.

Hand Held Ultrasonography as a Gatekeeper to Standard Echocardiography for “Rarely Appropriate” Echocardiography Requests

Hand Held Ultrasonography as a Gatekeeper to Standard Echocardiography for “Rarely Appropriate” Echocardiography Requests

Hand-held dynamometry strength measures for internal and external rotation demonstrate superior reliability, lower minimal detectable change and higher correlation to isokinetic dynamometry than externally-fixed dynamometry of the shoulder

ObjectivesTo investigate inter and intra-rater reliability of hand held (HHD) and externally fixed (EFD) dynamometry for shoulder internal (IR) and external rotation (ER) strength and their correlation to isokinetic testing. DesignWithin participant, inter and intra-rater reliability study. ParticipantsTwenty active, healthy male and female participants underwent testing by two examiners. Outcome measuresIntra-class coefficients (ICC), percentage standard error of measurement (%SEM), and percentage minimal detectable change (%MDC) were calculated for inter-rater, intra-day and intra-rater, inter-week reliability. Maximum and average of three repetitions were compared to the isokinetic results at three speeds (60°/sec, 180°/sec, 240°/sec) for both concentric and eccentric contractions. ResultsInter and intra-tester values demonstrated good to high agreement (HHD, ICC range = 0.89–0.97, %SEM = 4.80–8.60%, %MDC = 13.29–23.70%; EFD, ICC = 0.88–0.96, %SEM = 6.60–11.00%, %MDC = 18.40–30.04%). HHD and EFD showed moderate to very strong correlations to the isokinetic testing (HHD, r = 0.45–0.86; EFD, r = 0.49–0.83). ConclusionsThe results of this study indicate that both EFD and HHD are suitable for clinical practice and research. Hand-held dynamometry is preferred due to its higher intra- and inter-rater reliability and smaller MDC and lower SEM.

Indexes of inflammation for patients by chronic pancreatitis in combination with the chronic heart failure

This study investigated driver distraction and how the use of handheld (HH), portable hands-free (PHF), and integrated hands-free (IHF) cell phones affected the visual behavior of motor vehicle drivers.A naturalistic driving study recorded 204 participating drivers using video cameras and vehicle sensors for an average of 31 days. A total of 1564 cell phone calls made and 844 text messages sent while driving were sampled and underwent a video review. Baselines were established by recording epochs prior to the cell phone interactions. Total eyes-off-road time (TEORT) was examined to assess the visual demands of cell phone subtasks while driving. Percent TEORT was reported and compared against the baseline.Visual-manual subtasks performed on HH, PHF, and IHF cell phones were found to significantly increase drivers' mean percent TEORT. In contrast, conversing on an HH cell phone was found to significantly decrease drivers' mean percent TEORT, indicating that drivers looked at the forward roadway more often. No significant differences in percent TEORT were found for drivers conversing using PHF or IHF cell phones. The mean TEORT durations for visual-manual subtasks performed on an HH cell phone were significantly longer than the mean TEORT durations on either IHF or PHF cell phones.This research helps to further reinforce the distinction made between handheld and hands-free cell phone use in transportation distraction policy.

PC based new software developed to create an input pilot balloon data file to an alternative to Hand Held Data Logger (HHDL) for using PC based SAMEER Pibal computation software

Pilot balloon observatories of India Meteorological Department (IMD) are using Hand Held Data Logger (HHDL), manufactured by SAMEER, to compute upper air data since 2007. The HHDL, which is a sleek and microcontroller based battery operated unit, accepts all information through the numeric keypad pertaining to the PB ascent for raw file generation and pilot balloon data processing. The raw file can be transferred to computer system as an input file to PC based Pibal computation software. This software generates Pibal messages similar to HHDL in addition to National Data Centre (NDC) data format and monthly climate. In case of any failure of hardware, both HHDL &amp; PC based Pibal computation software cannot be used. Therefore to overcome this problem, a PC based Pibal data keying software has been developed using visual C sharp. The new software, what is developed, creates an input file similar to HHDL; it was tested with PC based Pibal computation software which works successfully as an alternate in case of failure of HHDL &amp; it’s hardware accessories&#x0D;