Hall Design Research Articles

Application of the Current Knowledge from Research and Development of the Burial Methods and their Impact on Designing or Transforming Contemporary Cemeteries in the Czech Republic

Abstract Considerable transformation of the burial method at the turn of the 19th and the 20th centuries is apparent from the existing results of research in the developments of burial and funeral architecture, when after centuries controlled by the church – due to social and political changes – gradual secularisation of the society and subsequent desacralisation of funeral rituals started appearing. This phenomenon, as well as other aspects (e.g. Josephine reforms in 1782) brought about a change in the approach to newly established cemeteries but also the necessity to define areas for new burial methods and constructing new building types of funeral architecture. The position of necropolis is also changing as the society understands it, and its inclusion not only in the organism of towns but also in everyday life of town and municipality citizens. Thus, not only new but mainly original cemeteries are searching for their new position in the society. Studio papers try to react to this situation written by students of the master degree of the specialisation Architecture and civil engineering at the Faculty of Civil Engineering at the VŠB - Technical University in Ostrava, led by prof. Ing. arch. Petr Hrůša, doc. Ing. Martina Peřinková, Ph.D. and Ing. arch. Klára Frolíková Palánová, Ph.D. Students try to view necropolis in an innovative way and give them a new dimension to succeed and become adequate public or semi-public space of cities and municipalities. The contribution represents starting points of possible solutions on case studies, such as transformation of a cemetery in Ostrava on the Hulváky Hill, the design of establishing a new cemetery in open space near the municipality of Velichovky, including the design of a funeral hall, situating a new urn grove in the place of a former cemetery – the current park – a part of which is the design of a new crematorium in Nový Jičín and extension of possibilities for placement of ashes and designs supporting the development of funeral tourism in the Olšany Cemeteries in Prague.

Design of halls for the enjoyment of American music

Designing for contemporary music performance is more involved than achieving the accepted mid-frequency reverberation time within the performance space. While accomplishing the correct degree of reverberance is essential, this alone is not a sufficient condition for creating an acoustic environment suitable for the enjoyment of jazz, blues, folk, rock, computer, world, or other non-symphonic or non-choral genres of music. Control of low-pitched sound, achieving moderate running liveliness, and creating a microphone-friendly acoustic environment are also essential design goals. As usual, the acoustic goals should be accomplished while developing a welcoming room design which offers intimacy between performers and patrons and a communal audience setting. These acoustical and societal goals are discussed in relation to completed projects such as the Ellis Marsalis Center for Music in NOLA, The Sidney Harman Center in DC, and the Old Town School of Folk Music in Chicago.

Design of concert hall in uremia based on notification to hidden role of music in architect

The growth of sound in a concert hall is reviewed with emphasis on hearing the direct sound clearly. Architecture in its daily means provides renewed space and is replaced within a larger space and people are moving in it and in it’s around. Music is purely mechanical conception, organized and deliberate scattering of sound waves in space. The aim of current research is design of concert hall based on notification to hidden role of music in architect in Uremia city. Methodology is based on librarian, descriptive-analytical method that is of applied kind. Results show that architecture and Music have practical visuals that no one can reject these characters. Also, we can presented three themes of foundation and basis physical creation, architecture and music for comparison (first: the physical essence; second: the evaluation tools for; Third: change the essence to the body with including of the idea and expand it).

Brand Exhibition Hall Design Development for Corporate Image Improvement - Focusing on Samsung D’light Renovation Project -

Brand Exhibition Hall Design Development for Corporate Image Improvement - Focusing on Samsung D’light Renovation Project -

V.L. Jordan and Jørn Utzon: Acoustic and architectural interactions in the early design of the Major Hall at the Sydney Opera House, 1957-1962

Vilhelm Lassen Jordan was the first acoustician engaged by Jørn Utzon to work on the Sydney Opera House. Jordan was a Danish acoustic engineer whose advice was based in strictly scientific, quantifiable acoustics, combined with precedent. He was a pioneer in acoustic modeling. Jordan had a major influence on Utzon’s first scheme for the Major Hall—a “rectangular “ form showing Jordan’s classic approach to acoustic design. Utzon’s second, “faceted” scheme, developed between August 1960 and September 1963, was architecturally compelling but showed little of Jordan’s influence. Jordan complained of the architect’s “fancies” in the design, and by 1962 Utzon believed that Jordan had “given up.” In June 1962, Utzon brought in Lothar Cremer and Werner Gabler from the Berlin Institute for Technical Acoustics, acousticians who provided scientific acoustic expertise and also worked with Utzon to integrate their acoustic recommendations into his design. This paper focuses on Jordan’s early acoustic input into the design of the Major Hall, including his collaboration with Utzon on the first (rectangular) scheme and his early design of the second (faceted) scheme. It also considers dichotomies between science and art in the early design approaches of Jordan, Cremer and Gabler for the Major Hall.

Measured and simulated room acoustic characteristics in three concert halls with unique architectural geometry using beamforming techniques

Sound reflections and time delay between direct and reflected sounds are key variables that shape and contribute to the acoustic quality and listening experience within concert halls. To demonstrate these architectural space characteristics from a designer’s standpoint, three internationally well-known halls are simulated and selectively measured for their acoustic characteristics utilizing beamforming techniques. The results are analyzed given recommended procedures within ISO3382 standards. Realistic computer reconstructions of these concert halls provides the opportunity to examine the sound quality of each and the differences in their performance using the latest sound quality measures. Known indicators such as reverberation time, sound strength, center time, echo, clarity-definition for speech and music, speech transmission index and articulation loss are used to show important acoustical features of these halls. The simulated and measured results provide supportive data toward the recognition of key architectural elements in each hall and show how the space geometry contributes to the high quality of sound experienced by an audience. Final results are offered as quantitative and qualitative indicators that identify the significant geometry and space volumes that shape listener experience in each hall. This research direction is significant for the future architecture design of concert halls and may contribute to understanding of the acoustical effects of architectural elements and improve upon current standards.

Hybrid shaping applied to concert hall design

One of the first questions posed at the beginning of any concert hall design process is whether the room will be in the traditional long “shoebox” shape or the more intimate wrapping of the audience around the performers, characteristic of the “vineyard” approach. This paper presents the design process, acoustical measurements, and musician comments for a recently completed room where the answer was “both”. Sala Minas is the home of the Orquestra Filarmônica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The concert hall has 1500 seats with a hybrid shape combining the attractive physical and acoustical attributes of shoebox and vineyard approaches. While the audience is held close to the performers, enhancing clarity and impact, the basic room geometry is a modified rectangle with a significant vertical “hard cap” zone providing ample reverberation, envelopment, and blending of orchestral sections. The result is a vineyard configuration with unusually consistent acoustic character in all the seating sections. Adjustable acoustic elements include a movable canopy over the stage, motorized acoustical banners, and shutters on the stage walls that can be opened or closed. After two seasons since Sala Minas opening, the reviews about its acoustics are impressive.

Contemporary multi-use concert hall design: Experience and analysis

The acoustic design practice at Arup in New York has designed multiple performing arts spaces with a wide range of acoustic characteristics and functions, several of which have opened within the past few years. Many of these spaces make use of adjustable acoustics to accommodate a wide range of program within a single space, including acoustics control chambers, adjustable-height canopies, adjustable sound absorbing curtains and banners, and flexible configurations of various stage elements. Traditional objective parameters have been examined for both audience and stage acoustics, and additional spatial analysis is explored through visualization of 3D impulse responses. The relationships between these parameters and each venue’s program goals will be addressed. Our experiences and findings obtained through the process of design, construction, and post-opening will be shared.

A Gender Analysis of Attitudes to Students Residences in Nigeria

This paper examines gender differences in responses to different aspects of students' housing in two identical single-sex halls of residence in a Nigerian university. A questionnaire survey was used to elicit data from 150 students about their attitudes towards their accommodation, the design, social densities, choices and preferences, use of facilities and coping strategies. Gender differences were found to be most significant with respect to the use of domestic facilities, social densities, and design issues. The paper confirms previous studies about gender differences, identifies directions for future research and discusses the implications for the design of students' residence halls.

THE CONSTRUCTION PROCESS OF THE MEMORIAL HALL (COMPLETED IN 1930) FOR GREAT KANTO EARTHQUAKE

This paper considers the design process of the Memorial Hall for Great Kanto Earthquake, which constructed in 1930. Tokyo Metropolitan Government planned a park and the Memorial Hall to commemorate the earthquake and the victim at the old army clothing depot (Honjo Ward), the most severely damaged area by fire whirlwinds. The Memorial Hall is well known for Chuta Ito's design based on the traditional Japanese style, entirely different from the design of the Prizewinners in the Competition. In prewar period, it was common that the design of the Prizewinners in the Competitions changed willfully by the host organization. However, it was unclear how many times the Memorial Hall's design changed to Ito's, which have evaluated as ‘Nihon-Shumi(Japan-Taste)’ style. Therefore, for this study, the main purpose is to clarify the process of the Memorial Hall's design changes through its design process. In this study, the news articles are used as the main requirements to analyze the general's opinion about the construction of the Memorial Hall, and 198 pieces of articles were collected by the newspaper; Asahi, Yomiuri, Tokyo Nichinichi, Miyako which published in Tokyo and throughout Japan, from 1923 to 1930. As a result, it clarifies that the Memorial Hall's design changed 8 times, and Toshikata Sano and Chuta Ito led the design change. First, Toshikata Sano who was a director, Bureau of Transportation Tokyo Metropolitan Government, wanted to get the idea about the Memorial Hall's design and the way of pray for victims of earthquake through the Competition. Sano wanted modern design to the Memorial Hall, so he recommended the modern design that won the first prize in the competition. However, the Buddhist Association, patron on the construction plan of the Memorial Hall, wanted Japanese Buddhist temple style to the Memorial Hall. In addition, many inhabitants in Honjo Ward wanted the Memorial Hall's design as the Japanese ossuary. Therefore, The Great Kanto Earthquake Association decided to change the Memorial Hall's design based on the traditional Japanese style by making several consultations. Finally, Ito designed the Memorial Hall. The design mixed various design style; Japanese Buddhist temple, Chinese Buddhist temple, Indian Buddhist temple, and Classicism. From these design process, it makes clear that the public wanted the new religious architecture based on traditional Japanese style to Memorial Hall for Great Kanto Earthquake, and the Memorial Hall constructed to reflect the public opinions and Ito's design concept; eclecticism, also ‘Nihon-Shumi(Japan-Taste)’ style.

Evaluation of Indoor Climate in Small University Lecture Hall

This paper is focuses on the evaluation of the indoor climate in the small university lecture hall. Providing the optimal parameters of thermal comfort in the interiors of a university is immensely important for the students of the university. Fulfilling these parameters is inevitable not only for the physiological needs of students but also for the required performance of students. Reconstruction took place in the small university lecture hall. The original windows were exchanged for the modern wood tight windows. Experimental measurements were carried out in the winter season in 2016 in this small university lecture hall in order to evaluate the thermal comfort after the reconstruction. The device Testo 480 was used for the measurements. Obtained values of air temperature, air relative humidity, air velocity, globe temperature and indexes PMV, PPD are presented in the graphs. Heating, operation and architectural design of the small university lecture hall were evaluated on the basis of the parameters of thermal comfort. In the conclusion of this paper, there are principles how to design new small university lecture halls. Furthermore, there are presented recommendations how to operate the existing small university lecture halls.

The use and mis-use of reactive systems in the design of performance halls

While the “surface of infinite impedance” or “totally absorptive material” makes our acoustic theories understandable and our analytical calculation methods useful, more often than not such conditions are not met in built performance facilities. Since the materiality of a performance hall strongly influences the quality of sound within a space, the physical reality of the reactive impedance of building elements must be managed to achieve quality sound. This paper discusses the practical application of various room acoustic design options, including wall and ceiling material choices, and offers comment on how various reactive systems within performance halls can detract from a room and/or reintroduce sound energy into a space. Discussion will occur regarding how such conditions can be either favorable or detrimental to the aural environment. Examples will be offered which suggest a reactive room surface can offer favorable room acoustic results for impulsive sound events, and unfavorable results with sustained sound events. Observations and subsequent testing suggest that the ability to discern the impact of reactive systems within a hall depends upon the test methods implemented during acoustic measurement sessions.

Analysis of longitudinal skylights structure made of rectangular tubes in industrial hall

Based on the example of an existing industrial hall, an analysis of the behaviour of longitudinal skylights made of rectangular tubes with different types of beam-to-column bolted erection joints has been performed. The following types joints of tubular members has been investigated: existing according to execution design, recommended and implemented during its overhaul. The analysis has been undertaken due to the faulty design of an industrial hall's longitudinal skylights made of rectangular tubes which caused cracking of skylight wired glass panes. The static behaviour of the skylights as space structures interacting with the roof structure was subjected to analysis. Also the behaviour of the joints between the tubular members of the faulty and correct (recommended) skylight structures, and that of the hall's joints after their stiffening were analysed. Finally, conclusions and recommendations concerning the repair and proper design of skylights of this type, with a special focus on skylight joints, are presented.

The Design of E-Government Affairs Hall Based on Cloud Platform

In recent years, with the continuous development of information technology, people's requirement for one-stop and prompt e-government service is growing. This paper utilized recent years emerged cloud platform technology and proposed an e-government system based on cloud platform, which was designed for the public and had a close relationship with the coordination of government departments and enterprises. The concept of e-government system based on cloud platform was detailed and basic framework was designed on the basis of discussing various types of currently traditional e-government systems. And on this basis, e-government affairs hall based on cloud platform was designed and implemented, the framework of knowledge discovery and data mining subsystem, the framework of cloud data center and the framework of software architecture of this affairs hall were implemented respectively.

STUDY OF ECHO FEATURE IN IMAM MOSQUE IN ISFAHAN AND ITS FUNCTION IN NEW BUILDINGS LIKE AMPHITHEATER

The aim of this project is to acoustically investigate Imam Mosque in Isfahan. If anyone ever has seen Imam Mosque, one of the things that have to try is the reflection of sound in this mosque. There is an interesting feature alongside the beautiful architecture that could attract every tourist. The purpose of this design was not only to attract tourists. This is an excellent engineering that has been done purposefully. In the past, due to the lack of advanced audio technology, there were problems to voice one speaker to the audience. In the same period Sheikh Baha'i designed the dome of Imam Mosque to sound even when the speaker does not speak so easily reach to the whole audience. Accordingly, research with descriptive approach and the library methods of data collection (by reviewing historical documents and primary sources) tries to introduce the new perspective of the architectural features of the mosque in the area of innovative design in the architecture community. As a result, this research examined the dome to use technology in the design of today's conference halls.

Multimodal perception in concert halls: Where do we look when we listen?

Concert hall design is at a crossroads between its origins, which have been unamplified orchestral music and singing, and the forces of popular music, which depend mostly on amplified sound and multimedia accompaniment. Concurrently, there has been a revolution in the way that the buildings are designed in the last 25 years. Computer modeling techniques enable architects and engineers to conceive and build complex geometrical forms and acoustic engineers to analyze future building interiors to promote a rich sound experience. However, despite a concert being a multisensory experience, relatively little work has been done on investigating how the visual aspects of the concert hall may impact on the acoustical experience. This paper investigates multisensory perception in different concert halls by examining where people look when actively listening to music and whether this affects how they perceive the experience.

Acoustic architecture before science. The case of Amsterdam's Concertgebouw

Concert halls are designed for attentively listening to music. To guarantee that the listening experience mediated by these buildings is acoustically correct, architects rely upon math- ematical formulas to measure and predict how a building will sound. Armed with these formulas, they are able to experiment with unconventional concert hall designs without compromising the acoustics. The achievements of modern architectural acoustics are a valorisa- tion of the mathematical formulas used to predict acoustics. Indeed, the development of a predictive theory of architectural acoustics by Wallace Sabine in 1900 has been celebrated as the beginning of a new era of understanding sound and acoustic design. However, overlooked in this scientific triumphalism are the aesthetic standards that shape the acoustic design of buildings for music. Sabine’s formula transformed our understanding of how music behaves in an enclosed space, but it did not change our understanding of how music should sound in these spaces. In this paper I explore these points through a history of the acoustic design of Amsterdam’s Concertgebouw, which opened in 1888. Through an examination of the history of the acoustic design of the Concertgebouw, I describe the process of acoustic design prior to Sabine as a process of aural imitation. With this concept I reconceptualise the history of acoustic architecture to better recognise, first, how Sabine’s theory is simply a more effective form of aural imitation, and second, how the quantification of sound has led to a subjective idea of good sound becoming fixed as an objective measure of what good sound should be.

Harmonization formative in the design of interior spaces Hall of discussions in the design department (a model)

Harmonization formative in the design of interior spaces Hall of discussions in the design department (a model)

Designing civic space: changing notions of the public in Seoul's Old and New City Halls

This paper discusses the history of Seoul's old city hall, first constructed in 1926, and the architecture of the adjacent new city hall, completed in 2012. The controversies surrounding the preservation of the old city hall are illustrative of a conflict between the desires to preserve historic buildings on the one hand, and to erase colonial traces on the other. This study looks at how the old and new city halls reflect changing notions of the public and of civic space since the 1920s. The design of the old city hall had the effect of inadvertently integrating a previously unrepresented group into the public, as it was a result of a complex interaction between modern aspirations and the colonial reality. The design of the new city hall reveals an evolution in the ways that architectural representations in South Korea have dealt with colonial memories. This case study hints at some of the possibilities of a post-colonial architecture by showing how colonial binary constructions of identity were transformed by new spatial formulations.

공공 홀의 설계 프로세스 향상을 위한 시스템 엔지니어링 적용

Graduate School of System Design and Management, Keio Universit yAbstract : The major challenge of designing public halls or performing arts centers in Japan is meeting the expectations of the regional community; greater stakeholder inv olvement is required in order to solve this problem. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether stakeh olders can become more involved in public hall design by using systems engineering (SE), which has never before been applied when designing public halls. As such, this study redesigned an actual public hall (Iw aki Alios) using an SE approach. The results revealed that applying SE was effective in the creation of a pu blic hall concept.Key Words : Public Hall; Public Theater; Design Process; Concept Design; Social System* 교신저자 : Saki Yoshihara, yoshihara.saki@keio.jp* This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which pe rmits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.