Appearance Of Hair Research Articles

The Effect Study of Prolactin on Married and Single Women and the Dangers of High and Low Prolactin

This study was conducted in a hospital in the city of Tikrit from the first of December 2023 to the first of March 2024. The aim is to study the difference between the high and low concentrations of milk hormone in single and married women and to identify the dangers and benefits of high and low levels of this hormone, as samples were taken from both cases and at different ages and treated with (prolactin kit) from Accu Bind, and the level of milk hormone was measured. The results of the samples of married women suffering from high levels of milk hormone were the first group, and the mean of their ages was 33 years, and the arithmetic mean of the percentage of milk hormone in the blood of the samples was 24. As for the results of the samples of single women suffering from low levels of milk hormone, the mean age of the subjects was 30 years, and the arithmetic mean of the milk hormone ratio in the blood of the samples was 25.47, and the increase in milk hormone levels leads to many of the symptoms that appeared in the studied samples, including Delayed menstruation, the appearance of milk discharge in non-breastfeeding or single women, as well as a marked increase in the appearance of hair in the body areas in general. It was observed significances differences in patients from single women suffering from low milk hormone in the presence of an increase in the hormone dopamine, which is the hormone responsible for reducing the level of milk hormone, which is the result of a disorder in the pituitary gland due to some incorrectly prescribed medications, especially in cases of severe headaches.

Early menarche is associated with disordered eating-results from a National Youth Survey.

Disordered eating (DE) is highly prevalent among adolescents, though its definition varies. The association between DE and early pubertal maturation (EPM) remains underexplored in Israel, and has not been sufficiently examined using the widely-used SCOFF questionnaire. This study examines these associations in adolescents. Participants (n = 2415 girls, 2095 boys; ages 12-18 years) in a nationally-representative, cross-sectional Youth Health and Nutrition Survey (2015-2016) completed self-administered questionnaires, including the SCOFF questionnaire, and underwent anthropometric measurements. EPM was determined by menarcheal age <11.5 years in girls, and facial hair appearance <12.5 years in boys. Respondents affirming ≥2 SCOFF items were classified as DE cases. Multivariable logistic regression analyses examined the associations between EPM and DE. Among the participants, 12.7% of the girls and 20.4% of the boys met EPM criteria; 55.5% and 33.7%, respectively, were categorized as having DE. Following adjustment for age, socioeconomic status, ethnic background, and weight status, EPM was significantly associated with DE in girls (OR 1.47, 95%CI: 1.12-1.93) and with 3/5 SCOFF items. No such association was found in boys (OR 1.00, 95%CI: 0.77-1.28). EPM in girls was associated with DE. Identifying high risk groups for DE in adolescents is crucial for early intervention and prevention. This study included a large, nationally representative sample of Israeli adolescents and utilized the SCOFF questionnaire, a widely used screening measure for disordered eating (DE). Following comprehensive analyses, a significant association between early pubertal maturation (EPM), defined as early menarche, and DE was documented in Israeli adolescent girls. Identifying girls with EPM and screening for disordered eating will allow for early interventions, potentially improving physical and mental health, and preventing progression to eating disorders.

Scalp condition improvement with botanical extracts possessing chemical and physical antioxidant activity.

Oxidative stress is implicated in scalp and hair health manifesting in several ways, including skin barrier, hair retention, healthy hair appearance and scalp sensation. We previously linked markers of oxidative damage to dandruff and skin barrier impairment and have linked key anti-dandruff technologies to the resolution of these issues. Here we expand the therapeutic space demonstrating many botanical extracts offer protective benefits against ROS stress via both chemical and biological antioxidant mechanisms. Chemical antioxidant activity of 10 botanical extracts was measured using oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and biological antioxidant activity was measured using a Nrf-2 cell assay. A three-dimensional human keratinocyte skin equivalent model from MatTek was used to measure efficacy of reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) from both the botanicals added as a solution and from a shampoo product. A 4-week consumer study with 56 panels was conducted with a leave-on treatment containing a botanical extract. Measurement of the oxidized lipids (9 and 13-Hydroxy-10E 12Z-octadecadienoic acid, HODE) extracted from scalp tape strips was made using gradient reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS). We demonstrated invitro that many botanical extracts exert antioxidant activity by quenching radicals in ORAC testing as well as activating biological antioxidant pathways via nrf-2 up-regulation in a cellular reporter system. Furthermore, we demonstrate these antioxidant activities for these botanicals in 3D skin models and ultimately show the reduction of lipid oxidation products in a consumer use context with a rosemary extract. Improved scalp condition can be achieved with incorporation of botanicals having the potential to exert antioxidant activity in hair/scalp care products.

Evaluation of Hursitism for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Women At Al- Ramadi City

The hyper-androgen and huritism in face and body in women is important diseases. It can be used as a possible marker in patients with ovary polycystic syndrome (PCOS). This study was carried out to evaluate DHEA and Testosterone levels associated with huritism and PCOS was studied in serum samples from pregnant, and non-pregnant patients and controls attending clinic Specialized. The study included 38 samples divided into three groups: 21 patients subjects, 6 pregnant women, 15 non-pregnant women with PCOS syndrome, and 17 normal subjects as control of the same age group. The target was selecting pregnant women due to changes in hormonal levels and physiological changes, as well as comparing them with non-pregnant women and control samples. The level of DHEAS was considerably higher in the median among pregnant women than in the control group and between non-pregnant and control groups without statistically significant differences between pregnant and non-pregnant values. Similarly, testosterone shows a statistically significant higher median among pregnant than control and also between non-pregnant and control groups without statistically significant difference between pregnant and non-pregnant values. In conclusion, this study detected a significant increase in testosterone and DHEA in non-pregnant women and then followed by pregnant women compared to the control, and age and the rise of these hormones are factors that cause the appearance of thick hair and thus cause polycystic ovary, which may lead to infertility.

Toxicokinetic Profiles and Potential Endocrine Disruption Effects at the Reproductive Level Promoted by Siloxanes Used in Consumer Products.

Siloxanes, commonly known as silicones, are polymeric compounds made up of silicon and oxygen atoms bonded together alternately. Within this group of substances are linear methyl-siloxanes and cyclic methyl-siloxanes, with octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) being the most produced and used industrially. Due to their versatility, high production volume, stability, and local presence in environmental matrices and biological fluids such as breast milk, fat, and plasma, siloxanes have been considered persistent organic pollutants, representing a public health problem. This represents a public health concern, especially when different investigations have reported potential endocrine effects at the reproductive level in experimental animals exposed to D4 and D5. The objective of this study was to review the potential reproductive and endocrine effects derived from siloxanes present in personal care products (PCPs). The results of the literature review confirmed that D4 and D5 were the most used siloxanes as additives in PCP because they improve the emollient properties of the cosmetic and the physical appearance of hair and skin. Similarly the toxicological effects of siloxanes, particularly D4, D5, and D6 included significant endocrine disruption, reproductive toxicity, and liver toxicity. Studies in SD and F-344 rats, commonly used to assess these effects, have shown that D4 has low estrogenic activity, binding to ER-α receptors, whereas D5 does not bind to estrogen receptors. D4 exposure has been associated with increased uterine weight and estrous cycle alterations, leading to prolonged exposure to estrogens, which raises the risk of endometrial hyperproliferation and carcinogenesis. Recent research highlights that D5 exposure disrupts follicle growth, endometrial receptivity, and steroidogenesis, resulting in infertility and hormonal imbalances, potentially causing disorders like endometriosis and increased cancer risk. Chronic exposure to D5 has been linked to the development of uterine endometrial adenocarcinoma, with higher doses further elevating this risk.

The Effects of an Oral Supplementation of a Natural Keratin Hydrolysate on Skin Aging: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study in Healthy Women.

Keratin hydrolysates are active components used in food supplements to alleviate aging signs on skin, hair, and nails. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluates a novel keratin hydrolysate obtained from poultry feathers. This feather keratin hydrolysate (FKH) results in a characteristic mix of free L-amino acids (≥ 83.5%). FKH was administered as a food supplement to a panel of adult women showing aging physiological signs. Participants were randomly assigned in three groups to receive daily dosages of 500 or 1000 mg of FKH or placebo for 90 days. Parameters of skin roughness, wrinkle features, deep skin moisturization, skin maximum elongation and elasticity, skin thickness, skin anisotropy, skin density, gloss of skin, hair and nails, and nail hardness were evaluated. Subjects also answered a questionnaire related to the treatment efficacy perception. Both FKH treatments showed a significant improvement of all parameters compared to day 0 and to placebo, with an exception for fiber anisotropy and fiber density which showed a significant improvement compared to day 0 and a tendency to improve compared to placebo. These measurements were bolstered by the results of a self-assessment questionnaire, showing an overall set of positive answers for both treatments compared to placebo. Oral supplementation of FKH for 90 days is associated with an improvement in the appearance of facial skin, hair, and nails. This study highlights the benefits of free L-amino acids mix as potential aminobiotics and not just as building blocks of proteins, suggesting a new perspective of nutricosmetic food.

Protocolo diagnóstico del hirsutismo

Hirsutism is defined as the appearance of excess hair in women in androgen-dependent areas. It has different degrees of severity. The Ferriman-Gallwey scale is used to diagnose hirsutism and quantify its severity. A score equal to or greater than eight indicates the presence of this disease. Hirsutism is usually secondary to a state of hyperandrogenism. Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common cause of hyperandrogenism in women of childbearing age. Other possible causes include congenital adrenal hyperplasia, androgen-secreting tumors, and use of drugs with androgenic effect, among others. The medical record, together with laboratory tests, helps to clearly guide the diagnosis and be able to choose the best treatment in each case.

Pattern of physical growth and pubertal changes in adolescent girls with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

To study the pattern of physical growth and pubertal changes in adolescent girls with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Weight, height, BMI, waist and hip circumference among 50 adolescent SLE girls (aged 8-17 years) were cross-sectionally studied using standardized techniques and instruments. Breast development stage, presence or absence of pubic and axillary hair and age of attainment of menarche were also noted. With the advancement of age, weight and height of SLE girls increased but they were lighter and shorter compared to normal Indian peers. 18.4% of study girls were short-statured while only one participant was underweight. As per mid-parental height, 34.3% were predicted to have shorter final heights. BMI demonstrated an inconsistent trend with 12.3% and 9.2% being obese and overweight, respectively. Interestingly, 10.7% of SLE girls were at risk of metabolic syndrome (waist circumference >70th centile). About 50% of study girls had attained menarche (mean age: 13.04 ± 1.38 years). Appearance of pubic and axillary hair occurred around 1 year later than attainment of menarche. 33.80% of study subjects were in prepubertal stage of breast development and rest 66.20% were in advanced stages of breast development. SLE girls who had younger age at diagnosis and longer duration of therapy had significant delay in breast development and attainment of menarche. SLE girls show delayed growth and pubertal attainments compared to their normal Indian and Western counterparts. The data presented will provide an understanding of the auxological dynamics and pattern of pubertal changes among adolescent girls with SLE living in north-western India.

Study the Effect of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome on the Ferriman-Gallwey Score and Some Anthropometric and Demographic Criteria on Women in Al-Ramadi City

Introduction: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common complex endocrine disorders that affect females at the reproductive age, can cause obesity, the appearance of excess hair on the body, acne, menstrual irregularities and infertility. Aim: This study aimed to identify the extent to which some anthropometric and demographic criteria are affected by PCOS compared to healthy women Method: The study included 50 volunteer women divided into two groups, the first group included 25 women with polycystic ovarian syndrome, and 25 healthy women were considered as a control group, women treated with medication and those with other diseases were excluded. Result: The current study found that there was a significant increase in body mass index BMI for women with PCOS compared with the control group. It also found that there was a significant increase in Ferriman-Gallwey score as a measure of hirsutism, in the patient group compared to the control group of . The study also found that the rate of infertility was closely associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome, also confirmed that there was a significant increase in women suffering from menstrual irregularities compared with control group, while the family history of the disease had no influence on the development of the disease in the study sample. Conclusion: We observed that obesity and hirsutism are associated with a polycystic ovarian syndrom, and polycystic ovarian syndrome can lead to menstrual irregularities, which usually ends with infertility.

Acetyl zingerone methyl ether protects hair against oxidative damage incurred during and after treatment with permanent dyes and helps extend longevity of newly developed hair colour.

Use of permanent hair dyes causes unintended oxidative damage during the short time frame of the dyeing process that leads to perceivable changes in the feel, manageability and appearance of hair. Moreover, after hair has been dyed, regular exposure to the sun as a key environmental stressor continues to stimulate additional oxidative damage and to induce newly developed hair colours to fade prematurely or undergo changes in colour quality. To document the utility of acetyl zingerone methyl ether (MAZ) as a newly designed haircare ingredient to afford extra protection against oxidative damage and safeguard the integrity of hair colour. We demonstrate that MAZ is compatible chemically with the high alkaline conditions required for the colouring process and from theoretical calculations preferentially binds Fe and Cu ions relative to Ca or Zn ions. In model Fenton reactions MAZ effectively chelated active redox metals (Fe and Cu ions) in the presence of excess Ca+2 ions to inhibit the production of hydroxyl radicals, and in separate studies, MAZ neutralized singlet oxygen with greater efficiency than α-tocopherol by a factor of 2.5. When mixed into permanent dyes prior to hair tress application, MAZ significantly reduced combing forces, and SEM images led to substantial reductions in visual signs of surface damage. In a 28-day clinical study, relative to controls, mixing MAZ into hair dyes prior to application interfered neither with colour development nor with ability to cover grey hair and led to significant improvements in perceived attributes associated with hair's condition immediately following the dyeing process. Over a 28-day maintenance phase, especially between Day 14 and Day 28, continued use of shampoo and conditioner containing MAZ significantly preserved gloss measurements and hair colour in terms of longevity and colour quality as remaining desired and fresh compared to use of control shampoo and conditioner. This work establishes MAZ as a next-generation hair care ingredient for use in permanent dyes to attenuate oxidative damage and in shampoos and conditioners to promote longevity of hair colour and to maintain overall health and appearance of hair on a daily basis.

Facial Hirsutism as Side Effect of Oral Retinoids Among Females

Background: Oral retinoids remain the most effective treatment for severe acne which is a multifactorial chronic skin disease causing extreme reduction in quality of life. Retinoids long list of side effects includes xerosis, cheilitis, photosensitivity &amp; pigmentation. Data regarding the relationship between retinoids &amp; facial hair is scarce. The relationship needs to be identified &amp; addressed as facial hair again is cause of decrease in quality of life.Objective: To determine the facial hirsutism as a side effect of oral retinoids among females.Materials and Methods: Data for the study was collected from 300 female patients visiting Dermatology OPD of Saidu Group of Taching Hospitals, Swat, during the year 2020. Demographic data was collected from the patients. Patients with severe acne were included in the study and they were put on oral retinoids 0.5mg/kg day for four whole months. The rationale was to understand the prevalence of appearance of facial hair in these patients as new entity.Results: The study was completed by 300 female patients having severe acne and were started by oral retinoids and follow ups made monthly for 4 months. The results of the study show that facial hair appearance was highest (43.43%) in age group 30-35 years and lowest (3.03%) in age group, 36-41%. Of total 300, 99 (33%) got facial hirsutism and 201 (67%) had no facial hair.Conclusion: This study highlights facial hirsutism as a significant and frequently observed side effect among 33% of 300 female patients on oral retinoids for severe acne, while other adverse effects were well tolerated without requiring treatment discontinuation. Further research is essential to explore hirsutism in larger patient cohorts.Keywords: Acne Vulgaris, Hirsutism, Retinoids

Perkembangan Masa Puber

This research explores and evaluates Puberty, which is a time when a child experiences physical and emotional changes that indicate sexual and reproductive maturity. Puberty usually lasts around 9-14 years for girls and 12-16 years for boys. Hormonal changes during puberty cause various physical changes, such as breast growth, the appearance of acne, pubic hair, and height. Hormonal changes also cause emotional development, identity, and reproductive abilities. Deviant maturity can be caused by various factors, such as genetics, hormonal disorders, problems with the pituitary or thyroid gland, chromosomal disorders, eating disorders and so on. Early puberty can increase the risk of disease. Teenagers can experience the development of different characteristics, such as changes in body posture, height, and bone growth.

Study of Sexual Maturation in Children With Juvenile Dermatomyositis

Objective: There is complete absence of sexual maturity data on patients afflicted with juvenile dermatomyositis (JDMS) from the Indian subcontinent. Hence, this study aimed to unfold the effect of this disease on the sexual development of JDMS children. Methods: In the Growth Laboratory/Clinic of the Department of Pediatrics, 60 (25 male and 35 female) sexual maturity-related observations were made on 35 JDMS patients, aged 10–17 years, enrolled from the Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic. Breast development stage and age of onset of menarche were recorded among female patients. In male patients, besides, determining the genitalia development stage, measurement of stretched penile length and testicular volume was done. Appearance of pubic and axillary hair among JDMS patients of both sexes was recorded. Results: Most girls with JDMS (34.28%) were in breast development stage-B2 (mean age 10.91 ± 1.08 years) and 22.86% had attained menarche. However, breast stage B5 was attained at 14.62 ± 1.06 years. JDMS girls reached stage B2 at the same age as their normal healthy counterparts. Onset of menarche was delayed by almost a year in JDMS girls. Age of attainment of genitalia stage G2 in JDMS boys (12 years) was delayed by 6 months as compared to well-off Chandigarh boys (11.5 years), whereas it was advanced by 1.5 years when contrasted with affluent Indian counterparts (13.3 years). Conclusion: Comparable pubertal attainments in JDMS males and somewhat delayed start of menarche in female JDMS patients as compared to their normal counterparts show that disease activity has a smaller effect on the sexual development of JDMS patients from north-western India.

Unobtrusive Health Hazard

Oxidative stress is a biological mechanism triggered by an imbalance between the biosynthesis and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a biological system. Normally, ROS are produced as byproducts of oxygen metabolism and fulfill various physiological roles such as cell signaling. However, environmental stressors like UV radiation, ionizing radiation, pollutants, heavy metals, and xenobiotics can also lead to increased ROS production. Common types of ROS include superoxide radicals (O2−), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl radicals (•OH), and singlet oxygen (1O2), which are generated during various metabolic pathways. Key cellular processes such as protein phosphorylation, activation of transcriptional factors, apoptosis, immunity, and differentiation depend on maintaining appropriate levels of ROS within cells. Under conditions of excessive ROS production, which can occur during both normal physiological processes and pathological conditions like inflammation, ischemia, and aging, ROS can damage important cellular components such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. This production is primarily mitochondrial but can also result from enzymatic activities involved in the respiratory chain, prostaglandin synthesis, phagocytosis, and the cytochrome P450 system. Both immune system activation and environmental factors contribute to endogenous and exogenous free radical production. The signs of oxidative stress include fatigue, memory loss, muscle or joint pain, the appearance of wrinkles and grey hair, decreased eyesight, headaches, increased sensitivity to noise, and a heightened susceptibility to infections. To reduce oxidative stress, it is advised to avoid sugar and processed foods while balancing blood sugar levels, prevent infections, incorporate daily stress reduction practices, avoid toxins, and promote the production of antioxidants through diet and herbal supplements that are rich in antioxidants.

Patient-reported outcomes of topical finasteride/minoxidil treatment for male androgenetic alopecia: A retrospective study using telemedical data.

Oral finasteride and topical minoxidil are the current standard of care for male androgenetic alopecia and a combination of the two treatments can be considered for greater efficacy. Clinical trials of topical finasteride have also yielded promising results, but routine care data are lacking. To examine patient-reported outcomes of men with androgenetic alopecia who received topical finasteride admixed with minoxidil compared to the current standard of care (oral finasteride). Retrospective, cross-sectional study with data from a German direct-to-consumer teledermatology platform between December 2021 and January 2023. Patient-reported outcomes were collected through voluntary follow-up questionnaires provided after 6 weeks on topical finasteride/minoxidil or oral finasteride treatment. A total of 1545 patients who received topical finasteride/minoxidil treatment were included; 238 (15.4%) participated in the follow-up questionnaire. At week six, 62.2% (148/238) reported positive changes in their hair appearance, and 44.1% (105/238) reported an improvement of self-esteem. Treatment-related adverse events were reported in 11.8% (28/238). Full treatment adherence was observed in 74.4% (177/238). Comparing the topical treatment group to those receiving oral finasteride, lower treatment adherence was reported, along with higher rates of local adverse events; no difference was found in the incidence of sexual adverse events. Based on patient-reported outcomes, topical finasteride/minoxidil seems to be effective and well tolerated, but not superior to oral finasteride. Lower treatment adherence for topical usage must be considered when considering treatment options. Additional real-world data are needed to further evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical finasteride/minoxidil.

Natural Solutions for Dandruff and Hair Fall: Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Hair Oil

Herbal hair oils have been widely used for nourishment and protection of hair and also to treat a variety of hair-related problems to promote healthy hair. The use of chemical medicine may not always bring the desired results as it has negative side effects. Using herbal products, the photochemical and bioactive ingredients work together to achieve the desired results. An unique herbal hair oil formulation is presented in this study that is enhanced with natural extracts such coconut oil, sesame seeds, black seeds, hibiscus flowers, fenugreek seeds, curry leaves, and onion. The objective of this research is to maximize the combined benefits of these botanical elements in order to hydrate the scalp, stimulate hair follicles, and enhance the general appearance of hair. Since the coconut oil serves as a carrier base, the active ingredients are more easily absorbed into the scalp. Extracts from black and sesame seeds are used because they are rich in important fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals, which are believed to promote hair growth and lessen hair loss. Hibiscus helps to revitalize the hair, add luster, and delay the onset of premature greying thanks to its natural antioxidants and amino acids. The present work was aimed to formulate herbal hair oil that seeks to address a variety of hair problems such as thinning hair, dryness, dandruff, and dullness. The formulated herbal hair oil was evaluated at various parameters such as organoleptic properties, viscosity, saponification value, pH were determined. For people looking to improve their hair health and maintain shiny, strong, and lovely hair, this research may offer a natural and secure response.

What are the Factors That Induce Paradoxical Hypertrichosis After Laser Hair Removal?

Laser hair removal (LHR) is one of the most requested cosmetic procedures worldwide. A rare side effect is the appearance of excess hair around previously treated areas, known as paradoxical hypertrichosis. The aim of this study was to retrospectively identify the cause of this side effect. This study included all patients who underwent LHR at our center between November 2018 and November 2020. Alexandrite laser hair removal (HR) or diode laser super hair removal (SHR) was performed in 70% and 30% of cases, respectively. Clinical features and daily habits of patients with and without postlaser hypertrichosis were compared. Of the 7381 patients who received LHR, 25 patients (0.34%) demonstrated an increase in hair growth compared to baseline. Of these 25 patients, 24 had been treated with alexandrite laser HR (P < .01). The most common site was the upper arm, followed by the periareolar area. Daily sun protection was associated with a significantly lower incidence of hypertrichosis (P < .05), as was confirmed and shown to be independent of Fitzpatrick skin type by binary logistic regression analysis (odds ratio = 0.41, P < .05). In our clinic, we observed paradoxical hypertrichosis after laser hair removal in a small minority of cases, as described by others. We did not observe differences in incidence related to skin type, but daily sun protection and LHR with diode laser SHR were associated with significant reductions in incidence rates. In addition to previously reported common sites, we also identified the periareolar area as a high-risk region.

A Study on Awareness and Use Reality of Hair Darkening Shampoo

Purpose: Hair darkening shampoos have been significant to the growth of the hair dye product market, but studies on their current market status and consumption patterns are prominent in their absence. Unfinished work on product management and compliance are obvious from its lack of organization in terms of product naming, classification, labeling regulations, and ingredients, and calls for an urgent need of research.Methods: To understand consumer perception and usage patterns of darkening shampoos, an online survey was conducted on men and women over the age of 20. The collected data was analyzed by the statistical analysis software SPSS Ver.25.Results: Among the survey participants, 55.3% had used hair darkening shampoo, and 44.7% did not. Most participants provided overall positive remarks on these shampoos, but on safety aspects noticeable differences among the participants were found. Users generally rated the product more positively in terms of their reliability, improvement in the appearance of gray hair, and hair loss prevention. However, some users experienced side effects that put the safety of these products in question.Conclusion: In the rapidly expanding market for hair dyeing cosmetics, this study would provide foundational data on the growth and consumer perception of the hair darkening shampoo market. I believe, the study findings would significantly add to the product development and marketing strategies of these shampoos according to best practices and safety standards.

The efficacy of antiparasitic drug in the form of spray based on Flumethrin, Moxidectin and Pyriproxyfen against canine acarosis

The purpose of the research is to study the efficacy of the drug in the form of spray based on Fipronil, Moxidectin and Pyriproxyfen against canine acarosis.Materials and methods. The assessment of the acaricidal effect of multicomponent drug against canine acarosis was carried out on the basis of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (VNIIP), a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution FSC VIEV RAS, as well as the veterinary clinic GLOBALVET CLINIC LLC (Moscow) in 2020–2022. 82 dogs were used in the experiments, including those spontaneously infected with Otodectes cynotis (38 sp.), Sarcoptes canis (28 sp.), and Demodex canis (16 sp.). The animals were divided into experimental and control groups. To the infected animals of the experimental groups, the drug was applied in the form of spray to the affected areas of the body at the rate of 1 ml per 10 cm2, 2–4 times with an interval of 7 days. The dogs in the control group were treated at the end of the experiment. The efficacy of the drug was taken into account by examining and recording the number of ticks in animals before and 3, 11, 25, 40 and 60 days after treatment. The results were processed statistically using Microsoft Excel.Results and discussion. On the 11th day, all animals showed extinction of clinical signs, healing of affected skin areas and scratches, and the appearance of new hair in areas of alopecia; microscopy of scrapings revealed single mites, deformed larvae and eggs. Microscopy of skin scrapings on the 25th day revealed single mites in 5 dogs affected by demodicosis. On the 40th day, upon examination and acarological examination of animal skin scrapings, no S. canis, O. cynotis and D. canis mites were found. The research results showed 100% efficacy of the drug.

Characterization of hair lipid and protein dynamics using EPR spectroscopy and treatment effects

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy of a lipid spin label indicated that hair membrane fluidity is low in the cuticle region and high in the inner region comprising the cortex and medulla. This study evaluated the effect of hair treatments and dehydration on membrane fluidity and protein dynamics. In the cuticle region, treatment of hydrated hair with the ionic surfactants, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS, anionic), cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (cationic), and N-hexadecyl-N,N-dimethyl-3-ammonio-1-propanesulfonate (zwitterionic), as well as the non-ionic Tween 80, caused notable increases in fluidity, with the anionic surfactant SDS having a lesser effect. Furthermore, oleic acid and the monoterpene linalool increased fluidity, while propylene glycol (at 50 %) reduced fluidity and showed the ability to extract the lipid spin label from hair membranes. In the cortex and medulla region, where lipid fluidity is high, the treatments did not cause any changes. For dry hair, membrane fluidity was significantly reduced both in the cuticle and in the inner region. For lipid-depleted hair (containing only covalently bound lipids), the spin label found membranes of high rigidity both in the cuticle and inner regions. In addition, protein dynamics in the peripheral and inner regions of the hair was evaluated using a protein spin label covalently attached to sulfhydryl groups. Dehydration was found to decrease protein dynamics while treatments with oleic acid, linalool, and ethanol caused small increases in the dynamics. Lower molecular dynamics of hair lipids and proteins could be associated with dehydration, lipid depletion, and stiffness through EPR spectroscopy analysis, while the physical presence of softeners and hair cleansers, such as surfactants, leads to an increase in lipid dynamics. EPR spectroscopy has potential application in determining how the molecular dynamics of lipids and proteins are related to the external appearance of hair.